CN110091865A - 混合动力*** - Google Patents

混合动力*** Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110091865A
CN110091865A CN201910021040.7A CN201910021040A CN110091865A CN 110091865 A CN110091865 A CN 110091865A CN 201910021040 A CN201910021040 A CN 201910021040A CN 110091865 A CN110091865 A CN 110091865A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
vehicle
mode
engine
motor
propulsion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910021040.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
V·P·阿特卢里
M·拉加万
N·S·史多尔
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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Publication date
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Publication of CN110091865A publication Critical patent/CN110091865A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/44—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
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    • B60W40/06—Road conditions
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Abstract

一种用于使车辆以多种动力系推进模式中的一种运行的动力***，多种动力系推进模式包括纯发动机驱动模式、纯电动(EV)驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式。车辆还包括全球定位***(GPS)传感器、车辆导航***、远程信息处理***、车辆空间监控***和控制器。控制器包括指令集，该指令集可执行以确定车辆的轨迹，并基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况来确定道路状况、交通状况和路面状况。基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况来选择动力系推进模式之一。混合动力***的运行被控制在选定的推进模式中。

Description

混合动力***
背景技术
混合动力***包括内燃机和电动机/发电机，它们联接至变速器以将扭矩传递到传动***作为牵引力。电动机/发电机可以从能量存储***输送电能和/或由能量存储***供应电能。动力***可以以各种推进模式运行，以产生推进动力并将其传递给车轮。
发明内容
本公开描述了一种车辆，该车辆包括混合动力***，该混合动力***被设置成以多种动力系推进模式中的一种模式运行，包括纯发动机驱动模式、纯电动(EV)驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式。车辆还包括全球定位***(GPS)传感器、车辆导航***、远程信息处理***、车辆空间监控***和控制器。控制器与GPS、车辆导航***、远程信息处理***和车辆空间监控***通信，并且可操作地连接至混合动力***。控制器包括指令集，该指令集可执行以确定车辆的轨迹，并基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况来确定道路状况、交通状况和路面状况。基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况来选择动力系推进模式之一。混合动力***的运行被控制在选定的推进模式中。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆进入环形交叉口时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式之一。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在左转车道上运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式之一。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在城市交通中运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式之一。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在限制进入的公路上运行时，指令集可执行以选择EV模式。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在双车道公路上运行时，指令集可执行以选择EV模式。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在上坡上运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式之一。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在下坡上运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或再生制动驱动模式中的一种。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在具有慢行车辆的区域中运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或再生制动驱动模式中的一种。
本公开的另一方面包括指令集，当交通状况包括车辆在具有潮湿、下雪或大风状况的区域中运行时，指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或再生制动驱动模式中的一种。
本公开的另一方面包括混合动力***，该混合动力***包括内燃机(发动机)、电机和变速器，在发动机和变速器的输入构件之间设置有变矩器，发动机经由离合器选择性地联接至变速器的输入构件，并且电机旋转联接至变速器的输入构件，变速器包括联接至车辆的传动***的输出构件，并且控制器可操作地连接至发动机和电机，其中控制器包括指令集，该指令集可执行以控制在纯发动机驱动模式、EV驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式之一中运行。
本公开的另一方面包括电机，该电机包括电连接至逆变器的电动机/发电机，该逆变器电连接至直流电源，其中直流电源被配置为在小于60V直流的电压电平下运行。
本公开的另一方面包括电机，电机通过离轴机械驱动***旋转联接至变速器的输入构件。
当结合附图时，本教导的上述特征和优点以及其它特征和优点从下面对用于实施本教导的一些最佳模式和其它实施例的详细描述中变得显而易见，如所附权利要求中所定义的。
附图说明
现在将参考附图以示例的方式描述一个或多个实施例。
图1示意性地示出了本公开的混合动力***，该混合动力***包括经由发动机分离离合器和变矩器联接至变速器的内燃机，以及经由离轴机械驱动***联接至变速器的电动扭矩机。
图2示意性地示出了本公开的推进模式选择例程，其用于控制图1的混合动力***的实施例的运行。
具体实施方式
如在此描述和示出的，所公开的实施例的部件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此，下面的详细描述并不旨在限制本公开所要求保护的范围，而是仅仅代表其可能的实施例。此外，尽管在以下描述中阐述了许多具体细节以便对本公开的实施例的全面理解，但是一些实施例可以在没有这些细节中的一部分的情况下实施。此外，为了清晰起见，相关领域中可以理解的某些技术材料在此并没有详细描述，以避免不必要地模糊本公开。
现在参考附图，其中的示意仅为了说明某些示例性实施例，而不是为了限制这些实施例，图1示意性地示出了车辆10的实施例，该车辆10被配置为在诸如智能车辆高速公路***的道路***70上运行。车辆10优选地包括混合动力***(动力***)20和多个控制器，包括全球定位***(GPS)传感器50、导航***55、远程信息处理设备60和空间监控***65。
动力***20包括多个扭矩产生设备，这些扭矩产生设备能够产生扭矩并经由变速器38将扭矩传递到传动***40。扭矩产生设备包括内燃机(发动机)22和至少一个电动机/发电机(电机)32。发动机22和电机32经由发动机分离离合器30、离轴机械驱动***34和包括第二离合器36的变矩器35机械联接至变速器38的输入构件37，以经由传动***40将推进动力传递到车轮46。此处描述的概念可以应用于动力系配置，动力系配置包括发动机22和电机32，发动机22和电机32被设置成将推进动力传递到车轮46，其中发动机22可以通过停用发动机分离离合器30而选择性地与变速器38分离。动力***20可以配置为前轮驱动装置、后轮驱动装置或全轮驱动装置。在整个描述中，相同的数字表示相同的元件。动力***20的运行可由控制器15控制，为了便于说明，控制器15被示意为单一设备。动力***20可以优选在车辆上使用以提供推进动力，并且车辆可以通过非限制性示例包括乘用车、轻型或重型卡车、多功能车、农用车辆、工业/仓库车辆、休闲越野车、飞机、船只、火车、全地形车辆、个人移动设备、机器人等，以实现本公开的目的。
发动机22被配置为多缸内燃机，其通过热力燃烧过程将燃料转换成机械扭矩。发动机22配备有多个致动器和传感器，用于监测运行和输送燃料以形成缸内燃烧充气，该充气在活塞上产生膨胀力，该力传递到曲轴12以产生扭矩。在一个实施例中，发动机22包括起动器26，起动器26包括低压电动机、起动器开关和起动器齿轮，起动器齿轮与设置在飞轮24的外周上的齿轮齿啮合接合，飞轮24联接至发动机22的曲轴。在一个实施例中，起动器26的电动机可以被配置为单相电动机，包括联接至起动器齿轮的输出轴，其中单相电动机通过激活起动器开关而电连接至附件电池48，或者可选地电连接至超级电容器。在一个实施例中，起动齿轮与飞轮24永久啮合。可选地，起动器26可以是另一种合适的配置，其包括布置成传递扭矩以旋转发动机曲轴的设备和/或控制器。飞轮24还联接至输入构件，该输入构件经由发动机分离离合器30联接至离轴机械驱动器34。在一个实施例中，发动机分离离合器30为单向离合器。在一个实施例中，单向离合器为可选择的单向离合器。可选地，发动机分离离合器30被配置为液压致动的多片摩擦离合器。包括起动器26的运行的发动机22的运行由发动机控制器控制，发动机控制器可以集成到控制器15中或与控制器15物理分离。
发动机22由合适的硬件机械化，并且发动机控制器可以包括合适的控制例程，以在动力系20的持续运行期间执行自动启动和自动停止功能、燃料供应和燃料切断(FCO)功能、滑行以及全气缸和气缸停用功能。当发动机22不旋转时，其被认为处于OFF状态。当发动机22旋转时，其被认为处于ON状态。全气缸状态包括发动机运行，其中所有发动机气缸通过供应燃料和点火而被激活。气缸停用状态包括发动机运行，其中一个或多个发动机气缸通过未供给燃料和未点火而停用，并且在发动机排气阀处于打开状态的情况下运行以使泵送损失减到最小，同时其余气缸被加燃料和点火，从而产生扭矩。ON状态可以包括FCO状态，在FCO状态中，发动机22处于旋转中且未供给燃料。ON状态可以包括气缸停用状态。ON状态可以包括FCO状态和气缸停用状态的组合。用于执行自动起动、自动停机、FCO和气缸停用控制例程的发动机机械化和控制例程是已知的，在此不再描述。发动机运行可以在发动机状态的背景下描述，包括发动机运行状态、发动机燃料供应状态和发动机气缸状态。发动机运行状态包括ON和OFF状态。发动机燃料供应状态包括供给燃料状态和FCO状态。发动机气缸状态包括全气缸状态和气缸停用状态。
电机32可以是多相电动机/发电机，其被配置成将存储的电能转换成用于牵引力的机械能，并且还被配置成将机械能转换成可以存储在直流电源(牵引电池)49中的电能。在一个实施例中，电机32被配置为15kW设备，牵引电池49被配置为在小于60V直流的电压电平下运行，牵引电池49在一个实施例中被设置为标称48V直流电压电平，或者其它直流电压电平。电机32包括转子和定子，并且经由逆变器模块33电连接至牵引电池49。转子联接至旋转构件，该旋转构件联接至电机皮带轮，该电动机皮带轮是离轴机械驱动***34的元件。
在一个实施例中，离轴机械驱动***34包括联接至变矩器35的泵的外皮带轮、联接至电机32的转子的电机皮带轮、以及传动皮带。外皮带轮和电机皮带轮通过传动皮带旋转联接，以在二者之间传递扭矩。外皮带轮和电机皮带轮可以配置有皮带接触面，该皮带接触面呈单个周向槽、多个周向槽、径向齿或其它合适的布置的形式，传动皮带根据外皮带轮和电机皮带轮的皮带接触面配置。在一个实施例中，离轴机械驱动***34包括皮带张紧器，以确保传动皮带与外皮带轮和电机皮带轮的皮带接触面中的至少180°接触。在一个实施例中，传动皮带可以由凯夫拉绳制成。在一个实施例中，外皮带轮和电机皮带轮之间的带轮传动比是2.5∶1。可选地，外皮带轮和电机皮带轮通过连续链条旋转联接，以在二者之间传递扭矩。可选地，外皮带轮和电机皮带轮通过啮合齿轮旋转联接，以在二者之间传递扭矩。
变速器38为扭矩传递设备，在一个实施例中，该扭矩传递设备包括由一个或多个差动齿轮组和可激活离合器组成的步进齿轮配置，该可激活离合器配置为在发动机22、输入构件37和输出构件之间的速度比范围内在多个固定档位状态之一中实现扭矩传递。在一个非限制性实施例中，变速器38配置为9速固定齿轮变速器。变速器38可包括霍尔效应传感器形式的第一转速传感器或可被配置为监测输入构件37的转速的其它合适的传感器和/或可被配置为监测输出构件的转速的第二转速传感器。变速器38包括自动变速器，该自动变速器在固定档位状态之间自动换档，以实现输出扭矩请求和发动机运转点之间的期望匹配的传动比工作。变速器38在预设速度/负载点自动执行升档以切换到具有较低数值倍增比(传动比)的档位状态，并且在预设速度/负载点执行降档以切换到具有较高数值倍增比的档位状态。变速器38可以使用与变速器控制器通信的可控液压回路来控制，变速器控制器可以集成到控制器15中或与控制器15分离。在一个实施例中，变速器控制器控制变矩器离合器。变速器38执行升档以切换到具有较低数值倍增比(传动比)的固定档位，并且执行降档以切换到具有较高数值倍增比的固定档位。变速器升档可能需要降低发动机转速，使得发动机转速匹配变速器输出速度乘以与目标档位状态相关联的传动比。变速器降档可能需要增加发动机速度，使得发动机速度匹配变速器输出速度乘以与目标档位状态相关联的传动比。变速器运行可以在控制变量的背景下描述，该控制变量可以被传递给与所选择的固定档位状态相关的变速器38。可选地，变速器38可以是无级变速器设备。
在一个实施例中，传动***40可包括机械联接至轮轴44的差动齿轮42，轮轴44机械联接至车轮46。传动***40经由车轮46在变速器38的输出构件和道路表面之间传递牵引力。
逆变器模块33配置有合适的控制电路，包括功率晶体管，例如集成栅双极晶体管(IGBT)，用于将直流电能转换成交流电能以及将交流电能转换成直流电能。逆变器模块33可以采用IGBT的脉宽调制(PWM)控制来将源自牵引电池49所存储的直流电能转换成交流电能，以驱动电机32产生扭矩。类似地，逆变器模块33将传递至电机32的机械能转换成直流电能，以产生可存储在牵引电池49中的电能，包括作为再生制动控制策略的一部分。逆变器模块33从控制器15接收电机控制命令，并控制逆变器状态以提供预期的电机驱动运行或再生制动运行。在一个实施例中，辅助DC/DC电能转换器电连接至总线并提供电能以经由低压总线对附件电池48充电。附件电池48向动力***20和车辆上的低压***提供低压电能，包括例如起动机26、电动车窗、HVAC风扇、座椅和其它装置。在一个实施例中，附件电池48被配置为在标称12V直流电压电平下运行。
牵引电池49被设置成以48V直流的标称电压电平提供电能，并且可以是直流电源，例如多电池锂离子设备、超级电容器或其它合适的设备，但不限于此。与牵引电池49相关的监测参数可包括充电状态(SOC)、温度以及其它参数。在一个实施例中，牵引电池49可以经由车载电池充电器电连接至远程车外电源，用于在车辆静止时充电。
控制器15可以信号连接至操作者接口(未示出)，并提供多个控制设备的分级控制，以实现动力系20的各个元件的运行控制，包括例如逆变器模块33、发动机控制器和变速器控制器。控制器15经由通信链路16与逆变器模块33、发动机控制器和变速器控制器中的每一个通信，以监控和控制其运行。
动力***20被配置为使得发动机22和电机32能够使用发动机分离离合器30、变矩器35、第二离合器36和离轴机械驱动***34机械地联接至变速器38的输入构件37。这使得动力***20能够以多种可选择的推进模式之一运行，包括纯发动机驱动模式、纯电动(EV)驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式，其也被称为混合模式。动力***20的配置使得能够在动力***运行期间进行发动机停止/起动操作。在此描述的动力***20优选采用变矩器35，有利于在车辆加速模式、变速器换档模式和车辆减速模式期间改善驾驶性能。此外，离轴机械驱动***34被配置成以相对于发动机速度的固定速度比来旋转电机32，从而消除交流发电机对附件电池48进行充电的需要。此外，由于电机32被配置为并且能够被控制成在发动机22处于OFF状态时旋转变矩器35，因而变速器38不需要辅助电动液压泵。发动机分离离合器30设置在发动机22和变速器38之间，便于在EV驱动模式、再生制动模式和停止油门车辆滑行模式中运行。
在纯发动机驱动模式中，当电机32空转时，发动机22被控制以产生推进动力。在车辆加速或稳态运行模式期间，可以指令纯发动机驱动模式。在EV驱动模式中，电机32被控制作为电动机以产生推进动力，同时发动机22处于OFF状态，并通过停用发动机分离离合器30而断开。在怠速、车辆加速或稳态运行模式期间，可以指令EV驱动模式。在再生模式中，电机32被控制作为发电机，以反应传动***扭矩并产生电能，同时发动机22处于怠速或OFF状态，并通过停用发动机分离离合器30而断开。在滑行和车辆制动期间可以指令再生模式。在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中，发动机22和电机32被控制以产生推进动力。在车辆加速或稳态运行模式期间，可以指令发动机/电动辅助驱动模式。在滑行模式中，通过停用发动机分离离合器30来断开发动机22，并且电机32处于空转状态。
术语“控制器”、“控制模块”、“模块”、“控制”、“控制单元”、“处理器”和类似术语是指以下的各种组合：专用集成电路(ASIC)、电子电路、中央处理单元(例如微处理器)、以存储器和存储设备(只读、可编程只读、随机存取、硬盘驱动器等)形式的相关联的非暂时性存储器组件。非暂时性存储器组件能够以一个或多个软件或固件程序或例程、组合逻辑电路、输入/输出电路和设备、信号调节和缓冲电路以及可由一个或多个处理器访问以提供上述功能的其它组件的形式存储机器可读指令。输入/输出电路和设备包括监控来自传感器的输入的模拟/数字转换器和相关设备，这些输入以预设采样频率或响应于触发事件而被监控。软件、固件、程序、指令、控制例程、代码、算法和类似术语表示控制器可执行指令集，包括校准和查找表。每个控制器执行控制例程以提供期望的功能，包括监控来自传感设备和其它联网控制器的输入，以及执行控制和诊断例程以控制致动器的运行。例程可以定期以规则的间隔执行，或者可以响应于触发事件的发生而执行。控制器之间的通信以及控制器、致动器和/或传感器之间的通信可以使用直接有线链路、联网通信总线链路、无线链路、串行***接口总线或其它合适的通信链路来实现，在此表示为通信链路16。通信包括以适当的形式交换数据信号，包括例如经由导电介质的电信号、经由空气的电磁信号、经由光波导的光信号等。数据信号可以包括表示来自传感器的输入的信号、表示致动器命令的信号以及控制器之间的通信信号。
术语“模型”是指基于处理器或处理器可执行代码以及相关联的校准，其模拟设备或物理过程的物理存在。如本文所用，术语“动态”和“动态地”描述实时执行的步骤或过程，其特征在于监视或以其它方式确定参数的状态，并在例程执行期间或例程执行的迭代之间定期或周期性地更新参数的状态。术语“校准”、“校准”和相关术语是指将与设备相关联的实际或标准测量值与感知或观察到的测量值或命令位置进行比较的结果或过程。如本文所述的校准可以简化为可存储的参数表、多个可执行方程或其它合适的形式。参数被定义为可测量量，其表示使用一个或多个传感器和/或物理模型可辨别的设备或其它元件的物理特性。参数可以具有离散值，例如“1”或“0”，或者可以是无限可变的值。
车辆10包括远程信息处理设备60，其包括能够进行车外通信的无线远程信息处理通信***，包括与具有无线和有线通信能力的通信网络***通信。远程信息处理设备60能够进行车辆外通信，其包括短程车辆到车辆(V2V)通信和/或车辆到基础设施(V2x)通信，其可以包括与基础设施监视器例如交通摄像机的通信。可选地或附加地，远程信息处理设备60具有无线远程信息处理通信***，该***能够与手持设备(例如蜂窝电话、卫星电话或其它电话设备)进行短距离无线通信。在一个实施例中，手持设备装载有软件应用程序，该软件应用程序包括与远程信息处理设备60通信的无线协议，并且手持设备执行车外通信，包括通过通信网络90经由天线85或其它通信模式与车外控制器95通信。可选地或附加地，远程信息处理设备60通过经由通信网络90与车外控制器95通信来直接执行车外通信。
车辆空间监测***65包括与多个传感设备通信的空间监测控制器。车辆空间监测***65监测并生成邻近车辆10的远程目标的数字表示。空间监测***65可以确定每个邻近的远程目标的线性范围、相对速度和轨迹。在一个实施例中，作为非限制性描述，空间监测***65的传感设备装置可以包括前角传感器、后角传感器、后侧传感器、侧传感器、前部雷达传感器和摄像机，但本公开并不局限于此。上述传感器的放置允许空间监测***65监测交通流量，包括车辆10周围的邻近车辆和其它目标。由空间监测***65生成的数据可以由车道标记检测处理器(未示出)使用以估计道路。车辆空间监测***65的传感设备还可包括目标定位传感设备，包括范围传感器，例如FM-CW(调频连续波)雷达、脉冲和FSK(频移键控)雷达、以及激光雷达(光探测和测距)设备，以及依靠诸如多普勒效应测量的效果来定位前方目标的超声波设备。可能的目标定位设备包括电荷耦合器件(CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)视频图像传感器，以及利用数字摄影方法“观察”前向和/或后方目标的其它摄像机/视频图像处理器，前向和/或后方目标包括一个或多个目标车辆。这些传感***用于检测和定位汽车应用中的目标，并且可与包括例如自适应巡航控制、自动制动、自主转向和侧面目标检测的***配合使用。
与空间监测***65相关联的传感设备优选地位于车辆10内相对无障碍的位置。还应当理解，这些传感器中的每一个都提供对目标的实际位置或状况的估计，其中所述估计包括估计的位置和标准偏差。因此，目标位置和状况的传感检测和测量通常被称为“估计”。这些传感器的特性可以是互补的，因为一些传感器在估计某些参数方面比其它传感器更可靠。传感设备可以具有不同的运行范围和角度覆盖范围，能够估计其运行范围内的不同参数。例如，雷达传感器通常可以估计目标的距离、距离速率和方位角位置，但在估计被检测目标的范围时通常不稳健。具有视觉处理器的摄像机在估计目标的形状和方位角位置方面更稳健，但是在估计目标的距离和距离速率方面效率较低。扫描型激光雷达传感器在估计距离和方位角位置方面有效且准确，但是通常不能估计距离速率，因此在新的目标获取/识别方面不那么准确。超声波传感器能够估计距离，但是通常不能估计或计算距离速率和方位角位置。此外，应当理解，每个传感器技术的性能受到不同环境条件的影响。因此，尽管传感器的重叠覆盖区域为传感器数据融合创造了机会，但是一些传感设备在运行期间可能呈现参数变化。
HMI***75提供人机交互，用于指导信息娱乐***、全球定位***(GPS)***、车辆导航***、远程服务中心等的运行。HMI***75监控操作者的请求，并向操作者提供信息，包括车辆***的状态、服务和维护信息。HMI***75与多个车载操作者界面设备通信和/或控制其运行。HMI***75还可以与一个或多个设备通信，这些设备监控与车辆操作者相关联的生物统计数据，包括例如眼睛注视位置、姿势和头部位置跟踪等。为了便于描述，HMI***75被描述为单一设备，但是在这里描述的***的实施例中，HMI***75可以被配置为多个控制器和相关传感设备。车载操作者界面设备41可以包括能够发送催促操作者动作的消息的设备，并且可以包括电子视觉显示模块，例如液晶显示器(LCD)设备、平视显示器(HUD)、音频反馈设备、可佩戴设备和触觉座椅。
车辆操作包括响应于期望命令在多种推进模式之一中的操作，期望命令可以包括操作者请求和/或自主车辆请求。这种操作包括加速、制动、稳态运行、滑行和怠速。操作者请求可以基于操作者对加速踏板、制动踏板、变速器档位选择器和巡航控制***的输入来生成。自主车辆请求可以由自适应巡航控制***、自主制动/防撞***和/或被配置为独立于操作者请求或与操作者请求结合地命令和控制自主车辆操作的其它***生成。车辆加速包括加踩加速器踏板事件，踩加速器踏板事件是增加车辆速度的请求，即加速车辆。踩加速器踏板事件可以由操作者加速请求而发生，也可以由自主车辆加速请求而发生。当用于自适应巡航控制***的传感器指示由于障碍物已经从行驶车道上移除因而车辆可以达到期望的车速时，自主车辆加速请求的一个非限制性示例可以发生，例如当慢速车辆从限制进入的公路上离开时可能发生。制动包括操作者要求降低车速。稳态行驶包括车辆操作，其中车辆当前以无操作者制动或加速要求的速度行驶，车速基于当前车速和车辆动量、车辆风阻力和滚动阻力以及传动***惯性阻力或阻力扭矩确定。滑行包括车辆操作，其中车速高于最小阈值速度，并且操作者对加速踏板的请求处于低于维持当前车速所需的点。怠速包括车速等于或接近零的车辆操作。
控制器15包括指令集，该指令集可执行以确定车辆10的轨迹，并基于车辆10的轨迹确定当前和/或即将到来的道路状况和交通状况。基于车辆的轨迹以及道路状况和交通状况来选择多种推进模式之一，并且动力***20的操作被控制在所选择的推进模式中。参照图2所示的推进模式选择例程200详细描述该操作。
图2示意性地示出了推进模式选择例程200的实施例，用于控制参照图1描述的动力***20的实施例的操作。例程200显示为流程图，其中对应于推进模式选择例程200，数字标记的块和相应的功能如下所述。这里可以根据功能和/或逻辑块组件和/或各种处理步骤来描述这些教导。应该理解，这样的块组件可以由硬件、软件和/或固件组件组成，它们已经被配置为执行特定的功能。推进模式选择例程200的执行可以如下进行。例程200的步骤可以以适当的顺序执行，且不限于参照图2描述的顺序。
推进模式选择例程200的元素包括路径规划步骤210、道路负载预测步骤220、道路状况监测步骤230、运行模式选择步骤240和推进模式实现步骤，推进模式实现步骤包括第一推进模式250和多个第二推进模式260。GPS传感器50、导航***55、远程信息处理设备60和空间监控***65生成信号和参数被传送到路径规划步骤210、道路负荷预测步骤220和道路状况监控步骤230。上述信号和参数在车辆操作期间被动态地确定和更新。
路径规划步骤210监控来自GPS传感器50、导航***55、远程信息处理设备60和空间监控***65的输入，以辨别与车辆10的轨迹相关联的当前和/或即将到来的车辆路径的细节。这些细节可以包括确定道路的类型，例如城市街道、限制进入的公路、双车道乡村公路、左转车道、环形交叉口或其它道路类型。路径规划步骤210确定当前和/或即将到来的车辆路径是受限路径212还是非受限路径214。受限路径212被定义为行驶路径，在该行驶路径中，例如在交叉路口，或者由于不利的道路条件例如潮湿的道路或其它情况，存在需要制动和随后加速的变化的高可能性。非受限路径214被定义为行进路径，其中需要制动和/或加速的变化可能性最小。受限路径212或非受限路径214的输出被提供作为运行模式选择步骤240的输入。
道路负荷预测步骤220监控来自GPS传感器50、导航***55、远程信息处理设备60和空间监控***65的输入，以辨别与影响道路负荷的车辆10的轨迹相关联的当前和/或即将到来的车辆路径的细节，即，可以迫使车辆操作者增加或减少车辆对电能的需求。这些细节可以包括确定道路坡度的存在，无论是正的(上坡)还是负的(下坡)，检测车辆路径中另一辆较慢移动的车辆的存在，以及检测行人、自行车或其他慢速移动的车辆在即将到来的车辆路径中或跨越车辆轨迹的存在。道路负荷预测步骤220确定道路负荷是将改变222还是保持不变224。变化的道路负载222或不变的道路负载224的输出被提供作为运行模式选择步骤240的输入。
道路状况监控步骤230监控来自GPS传感器50、导航***55、远程信息处理设备60和空间监控***65的输入，以辨别与车辆10的轨迹相关联的当前和/或即将到来的影响道路表面状况的车辆路径的细节，这可能迫使车辆操作者增加或减少车辆对电能的需求。这些细节可以包括确定路面状况和天气状况，特别是恶劣天气的发生，这可能需要车辆操作者降低车速以保持牵引力。道路状况监控步骤230确定即将到来的路况是默认路况232还是调整后的路况234。默认路况232或调整后的路况234的输出被提供作为运行模式选择步骤240的输入。
运行模式选择步骤240监控来自路径规划步骤210、道路负载预测步骤220和道路状况监控步骤230的输入，并选择多种推进模式之一，即第一推进模式250和多个第二推进模式260之一作为期望的推进模式242，并控制动力***20的运行以实现期望的推进模式242并以期望的推进模式242运行。
运行模式选择步骤240包括多个规则，通过这些规则其选择第一推进模式250和多个第二推进模式260中的一个作为期望的推进模式242。作为非限制性示例，这些规则包括以下内容。
第一推进模式250也被称为纯发动机驱动模式，其包括动力系操作，在动力系操作中，第一离合器30和第二离合器36都被激活，发动机22在全气缸状态下运行，并且电机32空转。
第二推进模式260包括动力系操作，其中第一离合器30和第二离合器36中的一个或两个被停用，或者发动机22不在全气缸状态下运行。电机32可以为空转或可操作的。第二推进模式260的示例包括EV驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式。
当车辆10进入环形交叉口或其附近时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在纯发动机驱动模式中运行，或者可选地，在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中运行。
当车辆10处于左转车道时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中运行。
当车辆10在具有大量起停的城市交通中运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中运行。
当车辆10在具有最小交通量的高速公路运行中运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第二推进模式260例如EV驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中运行。
当车辆10在单行道上运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行，以允许快速通过。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中运行。
当车辆10在具有最小交通量的多车道道路上运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第二推进模式260中运行，例如EV驱动模式，或者可选地，发动机/电动辅助驱动模式。
当车辆10在上坡上运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
当车辆10在前方车辆非常接近的情况下运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令命令在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
当车辆10在存在大量行人交通的情况下运行时(如在城市驾驶情况下)，运行模式选择步骤240命令在第一推进模式250即纯发动机驱动模式中运行。可选地，运行模式选择步骤240命令在在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
当车辆10在路面光滑或潮湿或被雪覆盖或结冰的情况下运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在纯发动机驱动模式中运行，或者可选地，在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
当车辆10在包括潮湿、下雪或大风条件的天气条件下运行时，运行模式选择步骤240命令在纯发动机驱动模式中运行，或者可选地，在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
当车辆空间监控***65的传感器之一发生故障时，车辆10将无法监控天气状况或路面状况。在这种情况下，运行模式选择步骤240命令在纯发动机驱动模式中运行，或者可选地，在发动机/电动辅助驱动模式或再生制动模式中运行。
响应于来自自主控制***的输出扭矩请求和/或输入，车辆可以以多种车辆模式之一运行，包括例如加速、制动、稳态运行、滑行和怠速模式。
以上详细描述和附图是对本教导的支持和描述，但是本教导的范围仅由权利要求限定。虽然已经详细描述了用于实施本教导的一些最佳模式和其它实施例，但是存在用于实施所附权利要求中限定的本教导的各种替代设计和实施例。

Claims (10)

1.一种车辆，包括：
混合动力***，其被设置成以多种推进模式中的一种模式运行，所述多种推进模式包括纯发动机驱动模式、纯电动(EV)驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式；
全球定位***(GPS)和车辆导航***；
远程信息处理***；
车辆空间监控***；以及
控制器，其与GPS、车辆导航***、远程信息处理***和车辆空间监控***通信，并且控制器可操作地连接至混合动力***，其中控制器包括指令集，所述指令集可执行以：
确定车辆的轨迹，
基于车辆的轨迹确定道路状况、交通状况和路面状况，
基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况，选择多种推进模式中的一种作为期望的推进模式，以及
控制混合动力***在期望推进模式中的运行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，当交通状况包括车辆进入环形交叉口时，所述指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中的一种作为期望的推进模式。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，当交通状况包括车辆在左转车道上运行时，所述指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中的一种作为期望的推进模式。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，当交通状况包括车辆在城市交通中运行时，所述指令集可执行以选择纯发动机驱动模式或发动机/电动辅助驱动模式中的一种作为期望的推进模式。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，当交通状况包括车辆在限制进入的公路上运行时，所述指令集可执行以选择EV模式作为期望的推进模式。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，当交通状况包括车辆在双车道公路上运行时，所述指令集可执行以选择EV模式作为期望的推进模式。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，所述混合动力***包括内燃机(发动机)、电机和变速器；
其中在发动机和变速器的输入构件之间设置有变矩器；
其中发动机经由离合器选择性地联接至变速器的输入构件，且其中电机旋转联接至变速器的输入构件；
其中变速器包括联接至车辆传动***的输出构件；以及
其中所述控制器可操作地连接至所述发动机和所述电机，其中所述控制器包括另一指令集，所述另一指令集可执行以控制在纯发动机驱动模式、EV驱动模式、再生制动模式、滑行模式和发动机/电动辅助模式之一中运行。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆，其中，所述电机包括电连接至逆变器的电动机/发电机，所述逆变器电连接至直流电源，其中所述直流电源被配置为在小于60V直流的电压电平下运行。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆，其中，所述电机经由离轴机械驱动***旋转联接至所述变速器的输入构件。
10.一种车辆，包括：
混合动力***，包括内燃机(发动机)、电机和变速器；
其中所述发动机通过第一离合器选择性地联接至离轴机械驱动***，
其中所述电机通过离轴机械驱动***和第二离合器旋转联接至变速器的输入构件，
其中所述变速器包括联接至所述车辆的传动***的输出构件，并且
其中所述混合动力***被设置成通过激活所述第一离合器和第二离合器以包括第一推进模式和多个第二推进模式的多个推进模式之一运行；
全球定位***(GPS)；
车辆导航***；
远程信息处理***；
车辆空间监控***；以及
控制器，其与GPS、车辆导航***、远程信息处理***和车辆空间监控***通信，并且控制器可操作地连接至混合动力***，其中控制器包括指令集，所述指令集可执行以：
确定车辆的轨迹，
基于车辆的轨迹确定道路状况、交通状况和路面状况，
基于车辆的轨迹和道路状况、交通状况和路面状况，选择第一推进模式或多个第二推进模式中的一个作为期望的推进模式，以及
控制混合动力***在期望的推进模式中的运行。
CN201910021040.7A 2018-01-30 2019-01-09 混合动力*** Pending CN110091865A (zh)

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