CN110091403B - Continuous flat pressing process for preparing light shaving board from ultrathin large-sized wood shavings - Google Patents
Continuous flat pressing process for preparing light shaving board from ultrathin large-sized wood shavings Download PDFInfo
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- CN110091403B CN110091403B CN201910374957.5A CN201910374957A CN110091403B CN 110091403 B CN110091403 B CN 110091403B CN 201910374957 A CN201910374957 A CN 201910374957A CN 110091403 B CN110091403 B CN 110091403B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light weight shaving board by ultrathin large-sized wood shavings, which comprises the following steps: 1) slicing the wet wood raw material into ultrathin large-piece wood shavings; 2) drying the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings at a low temperature by a mesh belt type to reach a proper water content; 3) the dried ultrathin large-piece wood shavings are applied with glue by a flexible spraying glue applying mode through a tank-type glue applicator; 4) uniformly paving the glued ultrathin large-piece wood shavings by using a plurality of groups of polymorphic paving heads to obtain a plate blank; 5) the plate blank is shaped by hot pressing in a continuous hot pressing mode. The process is characterized in that ultrathin large-piece wood shavings are prepared by using medium and low-grade raw materials, the form integrity of the wood shavings is kept by a flexible drying and gluing method, the structural uniformity of a plate blank is ensured by layering and paving a plurality of paving heads, and the continuous production line preparation of the high-performance low-density shaving board is realized. The preparation process has high production efficiency, and the prepared shaving board product has low density, good performance and good market competitiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wood processing, relates to a light artificial board manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to a continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light shaving board from ultrathin large-sized wood shavings.
Background
In recent years, the customized home furnishing industry has been rapidly developed, a large number of shaving boards are applied to customized furniture, and light weight is an urgent demand of the customized home furnishing industry for wood-based materials such as shaving boards. At present, the density of the shaving board products at home and abroad is basically 0.62-0.72g/cm3When the density of the shaving board is reduced to 0.50-0.55g/cm3Compared with the existing shaving board, the wood material can be saved by at least 19%, the same amount of wood resource is also meant, and the industrial value is increased by more than 15%; meanwhile, the transportation cost of the plates and the furniture can be reduced by about 10 percent. However, the density of the particle board was reduced to 0.55g/cm3When the amount is less than the above range, the physical and mechanical properties are drastically reduced, and it is difficult to satisfy the application requirements. 2016 year-old production of shaving board 2650 ten thousand m in China3And the annual output value is 360 hundred million yuan, so that the light-weight production of the shaving board has important economic and environmental protection significance.
The invention with the publication number of CN106032023A discloses a low-density particle board pressing plate process, melamine impregnated paper containing glue is paved on the surface of a base material particle board, and a pressing plate is pressed in a double-section hot press, wherein the pressing plate condition is that heat transfer oil is heated to 180 ℃ and 200 ℃, the pressure is 14-16kg, and the time is 16-25 s. The method mainly relates to a shaving board veneering process, which is unrelated to a production process of a low-density shaving board.
The invention with publication number of CN107671979A discloses a production method of a lightweight particle board, which comprises the working procedures of preparing wood shavings, drying, mixing glue, paving, prepressing and hot-pressing. The method adopts wood fine wood shavings as the surface layer and corn straw shavings and Chinese pennisetum straw shavings as the core layer to produce the light-weight type shaving board through an improved process. The method mainly realizes the effect of low density from the selection of the raw materials of the core layer and the sizing of the core layer, and is essentially different from the method.
The invention with the publication number of 'CN 101913185A' discloses a method for preparing a light artificial board with micron-sized long thin-sheet wood shavings, which introduces the steps of processing wood into long thin-sheet wood shavings, drying, mixing an adhesive and other additives, paving, prepressing, hot-pressing and the like to obtain the light artificial board with micron-sized long thin-sheet wood shavings. The method has specific and too severe limits on the shape, particularly the thickness, of long flake shavings, and the invention is only a laboratory technique in view of other requirements, and does not provide relevant production line equipment and technical information for application in large-scale industrial production.
Therefore, how to provide a novel light weight particle board process to realize light weight production of the particle board becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light-weight shaving board by using ultrathin large-piece shavings, the process realizes an industrial production technology of the light-weight shaving board on a continuous flat pressing production line, and has obvious difference with the production of the common shaving board.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light weight shaving board by using ultrathin large-sized shavings, which comprises the following steps:
1) slicing a wood raw material into ultrathin large-piece wood shavings;
2) drying the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings at a low temperature by a mesh belt type to reach a proper water content;
3) the dried ultrathin large-piece wood shavings are applied with glue by a flexible spraying glue applying mode through a tank-type glue applicator;
4) uniformly paving the glued ultrathin large-piece wood shavings by using a plurality of groups of polymorphic paving heads to obtain a plate blank;
5) the plate blank is shaped by hot pressing in a continuous hot pressing mode.
The process further comprises: 6) and (4) taking out the board after shaping, cutting, cooling and post-treating after the board is taken out, and preparing the light shaving board product.
Wherein the wood raw material has a density of less than 0.45g/cm3The shape of the wood is wood boundary skin or small-diameter wood with the short side not less than 3cm, and the water content is not lower than 30%.
In the step 1), the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings are obtained by slicing wood into ultrathin large-piece shapes at one time by using a disc-type flaker, wherein the length of the wood shavings is 40-80mm, the width of the wood shavings is 30-60mm, and the thickness of the wood shavings is 0.15-0.45 mm.
In the step 2), the mesh belt type low-temperature drying process is to convey ultrathin large-piece wood shavings and flatly lay the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings on a mesh belt type dryer through a scraper for drying, the dryer is divided into 1-3 units for independently controlling the temperature and the conveying speed, the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the conveying speed is 20-60 mm/s.
The mesh belt type dryer can be a flat-laying mesh belt type dryer or a multi-layer mesh belt type dryer.
Wherein, the water content of the dried wood shavings in the step 2) is 4-14%.
In the step 3), the flexible spray sizing means that the dried wood shavings freely fall from the top end of the glue mixer at a tangential initial speed in a free-fall mode in a tank-type glue mixer, and pass through an air resistance area and an atomized adhesive area, and the tank-type glue mixer upwards sprays the atomized adhesive at the bottom of a glue tank, so that the wood shavings and the atomized adhesive are in contact with each other in the atomized adhesive area to realize sizing, wherein the glue application amount is 3-10%.
Preferably, the atomized adhesive is atomized PMDI glue solution or atomized modified urea formaldehyde glue solution.
In the process step 4), the polymorphic paving heads are 4-6 groups, namely a roller arrangement type paving head and a squirrel cage type paving head, wherein the ratio of the roller arrangement type paving head to the squirrel cage type paving head is (1-1.5): (1-2), automatically weighing and layering the wood shavings by the polymorphic paving head.
Wherein, in the process step 5), the wood shaving board blank is sent into a single-layer hot press for continuous flat-pressing hot-press molding, the hot-press temperature is 170 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the hot-press time is 10-60 s/mm.
The existing flaker for manufacturing large wood shavings (such as oriented strand board) is to directly slice the logs with larger diameters, and the small-sized wood is not easy to be fixed in the large flaker and can not be sliced normally. The shavings of the invention are bigger and thinner than the common shaving board, but the shavings of the oriented shaving board are smaller and thinner, and the wood with the size smaller than that of the raw wood can be processed by using the process of the invention, thereby reducing the requirements on the raw material and improving the utilization rate of the raw material of the wood.
The invention is different from the prior art in that:
firstly, selecting large wood shavings: the large shavings keep the continuity of the raw materials in a large form, and are beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the shaving board under the same condition; when the thickness is thinner, the uniformity of the slab gap is higher, and the requirement can be met at lower product density. The invention realizes the preparation of the large shavings by adopting lower-grade wood which is difficult to prepare the large shavings.
Secondly, the use of raw materials: the common shaving board can be made of board branches, recycled materials and the like, and long and thin shavings are made by two modes of shavings and shavings. The requirements for wood in the invention are higher than that of common shaving boards, but are obviously lower than that of raw wood of oriented shaving boards, and equipment is key to achieve the aim of producing high-performance shaving boards by using lower-grade wood.
Thirdly, cost and performance: the performance and cost of the product produced by the process are between those of a large flakeboard and a common flakeboard, and the foreign oriented flakeboard is mainly used as a structural material, but is mainly used as a decorative material in China, and is positioned for non-structural decorative plates, and the density of the large flakeboard is also close to 0.60g/cm3. The product of the process employed in the present invention achieves the goal of light weight particle board meeting performance requirements with slightly higher material and cost than conventional particle board, with higher market acceptance from the appearance and price point of view.
Fourthly, use of the new equipment: the large and thin wood shavings are fragile, the shapes of the wood shavings can be damaged by using conventional equipment for drying and gluing, and the corresponding wood shavings drying and gluing equipment selected by the invention are different from the conventional equipment, so that the fragile condition of the large wood shavings can be effectively improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light shaving board by using ultrathin large shavings, which utilizes middle and low-grade raw materials to prepare the ultrathin large shavings, maintains the shape integrity of the shavings by a flexible drying and gluing method, and utilizes a plurality of laying heads to lay in layers to ensure the structural uniformity of a plate blank, thereby realizing the continuous production line preparation of the high-performance low-density shaving board. The preparation process has high production efficiency, and the prepared shaving board product has low density, good performance and good market competitiveness.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Equipment:
1. the disk flaker used Kadant 37/118-30K SmartDISC Stranders, Canada.
2. The pot-type glue mixer is OSB200 type glue mixer of IMAL PAL of Italy.
Other equipment not specifically illustrated is conventional in the art.
Example 1
1) Cutting poplar branches with the diameter grade of 8-10cm into tree sections with the length of 50-100cm, conveying the tree sections into a disc chipper 37/118-30K by using a belt conveyor, slicing the tree sections into ultrathin large sheets with the length of 60mm, the width of 40mm and the thickness of 0.30mm, and conveying the ultrathin large sheets into a storage bin;
2) quantitatively stirring the wood shavings into a double-layer belt type dryer through a scraper, wherein the temperature of a first layer is 110 ℃, the mesh belt speed is 20-40mm/s, the temperature of a second layer is 80 ℃, the mesh belt speed is 40-60mm/s, the water content of the dried wood shavings is 8-10%, and the wood shavings are fed into a storage bin;
3) conveying the dried ultrathin large flakes to the top end of an OSB200 of a tank-type glue mixer, descending along with the initial speed free fall of a spiral head rotating belt, and upwards spraying atomized PMDI glue solution from the middle lower section by a glue spraying nozzle; mixing the ultrathin large-sized wood chips with 5% of glue, and directly sending the mixture into a paving area;
4) the production method comprises the steps of preparing a three-layer shaving board with the thickness of 18mm for furniture according to production requirements, wherein the surface layer is made of fine wood shavings which are conveyed by other pipelines and have the glue application amount of 5% and the water content of 12%, the core layer is paved with ultrathin large wood shavings, the proportion of the core layer to the surface layer is 1:4:1, the surface layer is provided with 2 groups of roller paving heads, and the core layer is provided with 4 groups of squirrel-cage paving.
The squirrel-cage paving head is adopted for paving, so that the integrity of the large flakes is protected.
5) The plate blank enters a continuous hot-pressing area after being pre-pressed, the hot-pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 20s/mm, and the thickness gauge controls the thickness of the product.
6) And (4) cutting, cooling and post-treating after the light shaving board is taken out, and preparing the light shaving board.
The final density of the light weight particle board obtained in the example was 0.50g/cm3The high-strength (2 h) flakeboard (P2 type P2) for furniture.
Example 2
1) Cutting poplar bark with thickness of more than 3cm into tree sections with length of 50-100cm, conveying the tree sections into a disc chipper 37/118-30K by using a belt conveyor, slicing the tree sections into ultrathin large pieces with length of 50mm, width of 40mm and thickness of 0.30mm, and conveying the ultrathin large pieces into a storage bin;
2) conveying the wood shavings to a double-layer belt type dryer through a conveyor belt, wherein the temperature of a first layer is 110 ℃, the speed of a mesh belt is 20-40mm/s, the temperature of a second layer is 80 ℃, the speed of the mesh belt is 30-40mm/s, and the water content of the dried wood shavings is 4-6% and then the wood shavings are conveyed into a storage bin;
3) conveying the dried ultrathin large flakes to the top end of an OSB200 of a tank-type glue mixer, descending along with the initial speed free fall of a spiral head rotating belt, spraying atomized modified urea formaldehyde glue solution upwards from the middle lower segment of a glue mixing nozzle, completing glue mixing of the ultrathin large flakes, and directly conveying the ultrathin large flakes into a paving area, wherein the glue application amount is 10%;
4) a large homogeneous flakeboard with a thickness of 18mm is prepared and paved by 4 groups of squirrel-cage paving heads.
5) The plate blank enters a continuous hot-pressing area after being pre-pressed, the hot-pressing temperature is 180 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 20s/mm, and the thickness gauge controls the thickness of the product. And (4) cutting, cooling and post-treating after the light shaving board is taken out, and preparing the light shaving board.
The final density of the light weight particle board obtained in the example was 0.48g/cm3The static bending strength is 16MPa, the elastic modulus is 1800MPa, the internal bonding strength is 0.47MPa, the 2h water absorption thickness expansion rate is 6.0 percent, and the high-strength water-absorbing material has high strength.
Example 3
1) Selecting poplar raw wood with the diameter grade of 10-15cm, cutting the poplar raw wood into tree sections with the length of 50-100cm, sending the tree sections into a disc chipper 37/118-30K, slicing the tree sections into ultrathin large pieces with the length of 80mm, the width of 40mm and the thickness of 0.40mm, and sending the ultrathin large pieces into a storage bin;
2) quantitatively stirring the wood shavings into a double-layer belt type dryer through a scraper, wherein the temperature of a first layer is 120 ℃, the mesh belt speed is 20-30mm/s, the temperature of a second layer is 80 ℃, the mesh belt speed is 20-40mm/s, the water content of the dried wood shavings is 4-6%, and the wood shavings are fed into a storage bin;
3) conveying the dried ultrathin large flakes to the top end of an OSB200 of a tank-type glue mixer, descending along with the initial speed free fall of a spiral head rotating belt, spraying atomized modified urea formaldehyde glue solution upwards from the middle lower section through a glue mixing nozzle, completing glue mixing on the ultrathin large flakes, wherein the glue application amount is 10%, and directly conveying the ultrathin large flakes to a paving area;
4) preparing a large flakeboard with the thickness of 18mm according to production requirements, and paving by adopting 6 groups of squirrel-cage paving heads.
5) The plate blank enters a continuous hot-pressing area after being pre-pressed, the hot-pressing temperature is 200 ℃, the hot-pressing time is 20s/mm, and the thickness gauge controls the thickness of the product.
6) And (4) cutting, cooling and post-treating after the light shaving board is taken out, and preparing the light shaving board.
The final density of the light weight particle board obtained in this example was 0.53g/cm3The static bending strength is 19MPa, the elastic modulus is 2400MPa, the internal bonding strength is 0.75MPa, the 2h water absorption thickness expansion rate is 4.0%, and the high-strength high-modulus material has excellent physical and mechanical properties at the density.
It can be seen from the above examples that the continuous flat pressing process for preparing light weight particle board from ultra-thin large flakes provided by the present invention can provide a density of less than 0.55g/cm3The light weight shaving board has the physical and mechanical properties which can still be compared with the existing middle and high density shaving board (average density is 0.70 g/cm)3) Compared with the standard requirement. Whereas in the prior art, at such low densities (lower than0.55g/cm3) Such high sheet properties are difficult to achieve under these conditions.
The invention uses large and thin wood shavings to prepare the light material, thereby effectively saving the wood consumption (in weight) of the shaving board and the furniture carrying and transporting cost (in weight).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any direct or indirect application attached to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A continuous flat pressing process for preparing a light weight shaving board by using ultrathin large-sized shavings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) feeding the wet wood raw material into a disc chipper, and slicing the wood into ultrathin large pieces at one time, wherein the length of the wood shavings is 40-80mm, the width of the wood shavings is 30-60mm, and the thickness of the wood shavings is 0.15-0.45 mm;
2) drying the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings at a low temperature by a mesh belt type until the water content is 4-14%;
3) the dried ultrathin large-piece wood shavings are applied with glue by a flexible spraying glue applying mode through a tank-type glue applicator;
4) uniformly paving the glued ultrathin large-piece wood shavings by using 4-6 groups of polymorphic paving heads to form a roller-type paving head and a squirrel-cage paving head, wherein the ratio of the roller-type paving head to the squirrel-cage paving head is (1-1.5): (1-2) automatically weighing and layering the wood shavings by the polymorphic paving heads to obtain a plate blank;
5) sending the shaving board blank into a single-layer hot press for continuous flat pressing and hot pressing molding, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 170 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 10-60 s/mm;
6) taking out the light shaving board after shaping, cutting, cooling and post-treating after taking out the light shaving board, and preparing a light shaving board product;
wherein the wood wet raw material has a density less than 0.45g/cm3The shape of the wood is wood boundary skin or small-diameter wood with the short side not less than 3cm, and the water content is not lower than 30 percent;
in the step 2), the mesh belt type low-temperature drying process is to convey ultrathin large-piece wood shavings and flatly lay the ultrathin large-piece wood shavings on a mesh belt type dryer through a scraper for drying, wherein the dryer is divided into 1-3 units for independently controlling the temperature and the conveying speed, the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the conveying speed is 20-60 mm/s;
in the step 3), the flexible spray sizing means that the dried wood shavings freely fall at a tangential initial speed along with the rotation of a spiral head in a free-fall mode in a pot-type glue mixer, and pass through an air resistance area and an atomized adhesive area, and the pot-type glue mixer upwards sprays the atomized adhesive at the bottom of a glue tank to enable the wood shavings to be in contact with the atomized adhesive in the atomized adhesive area so as to realize sizing, wherein the glue application amount is 3-10%;
the atomized adhesive is atomized PMDI glue solution or atomized modified urea formaldehyde glue solution.
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| CN114474290A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-13 | 福人集团森林工业有限公司 | Continuous flat pressing process and processing equipment for preparing bamboo shaving board from ultrathin large-piece wood shavings |
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