CN110086421A - A kind of intelligent photovoltaic component and photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent photovoltaic component and photovoltaic generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110086421A CN110086421A CN201910371357.3A CN201910371357A CN110086421A CN 110086421 A CN110086421 A CN 110086421A CN 201910371357 A CN201910371357 A CN 201910371357A CN 110086421 A CN110086421 A CN 110086421A
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
Intelligent photovoltaic component and photovoltaic generating system provided by the invention, the parameter of itself is detected by detection control unit, and when the parameter meets default switching condition, it is switched on-off in control switch unit, make the pressure limiting circuit investment for being set to respective battery substring both ends or battery module both ends or cut out, and then power optimization device is replaced to realize the adjustment for voltage；While the largest component serial number of raising group string, avoiding leads to problem at high cost due to using power optimization device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics field, in particular to a kind of intelligent photovoltaic component and photovoltaic generating system.
Background technique
As the photovoltaic power generation of New Energy Industry, drop proposes effect originally to realize that cheap internet access is trend.Wherein, system group is improved
The largest component serial number of string is a kind of usual way；For example, for the component of conventional 1000V system voltage, according to installation
Then the open-circuit voltage Voc of the historical low temperature computation module on ground obtains system group divided by open-circuit voltage Voc with 1000V
The largest component serial number N of string；To improve component serial number, system can be kept electric by the insulation stress levels of raising component
Pressure grade is improved by 1000V to 1500V, and then largest component serial number can under equal conditions be made to increase by 50%, significant drop
Low system cost.
But it is limited by the insulation stress levels requirement of encapsulating material, terminal box and cable, it is desirable to further raising group
The grade difficulty of part system voltage is larger, and input cost may be greater than income.Herein on basis, the prior art is usually adopted
Voltage adjusting is carried out to the component under 1500V system voltage with power optimizer, and then further increases maximum group of group string
Part serial number；But the cost of power optimization device is excessively high, general applicability is lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of intelligent photovoltaic component and photovoltaic generating system, to solve to use power optimization in the prior art
Device leads to problem at high cost.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of intelligent photovoltaic component, comprising: detection control unit, switch unit, power module,
Battery module and at least one pressure limiting circuit；Wherein:
The battery module includes the battery substring of at least two series connections, each battery substring include at least one most
Baby battery unit；
The pressure limiting circuit is set to the both ends of respective battery substring or the both ends of the battery module；
The switch unit includes at least one switch；
The detection control unit is used to detect the parameter of the intelligent photovoltaic component, and meets default cut in the parameter
It when changing condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, so that the pressure limiting circuit is put into or is cut out, to adjust the intelligence
The voltage of energy photovoltaic module；
The power module is used to power for the detection control unit.
Preferably, the pressure limiting circuit is bleeder circuit；
The switch unit includes: first switch, second switch and third switch；
The first switch is connected in series between the cathode of respective battery substring and the anode of adjacent cell substring, or
Person, between the cathode of the battery module and the cathode of the intelligent photovoltaic component；
The second switch is connected in series in the bleeder circuit；
One end of the third switch is connected with the partial pressure output end of the bleeder circuit, the other end of the third switch
It is connected with the cathode of the positive or described intelligent photovoltaic component of adjacent cell substring.
Preferably, the bleeder circuit includes the first resistor and second resistance being connected in series；
The intermediate point of the first resistor and the second resistance is the partial pressure output end of the bleeder circuit.
Preferably, the pressure limiting circuit is load circuit；
The switch unit includes: the 4th switch；
4th switch is connected in series in the load circuit.
Preferably, the load circuit includes 3rd resistor.
Preferably, the parameter are as follows: any one in electric current, voltage, temperature and irradiation level；
The default switching condition includes: pressure limiting condition and recovery condition；
The inverter that the pressure limiting condition is connected by the characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is in the condition of open-circuit condition；
The inverter that the recovery condition is connected by the characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is in the item of normal operating conditions
Part.
Preferably, the parameter is voltage；
The pressure limiting condition is that the voltage is greater than pressure limiting threshold value；
The recovery condition is that the voltage is less than reset threshold.
Preferably, the detection control unit is used to control the switch when the parameter meets default switching condition
It is switched on-off in unit, so that the pressure limiting circuit is put into or is cut out, to adjust the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component, specifically
For:
It when the parameter meets the pressure limiting condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, make the pressure limiting
Circuit investment, to reduce the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component；
It when the parameter meets the recovery condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, make the pressure limiting
Circuit is cut out, to promote the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component.
Preferably, when the pressure limiting circuit is set to the both ends of respective battery substring, the intelligent photovoltaic component further include:
At least one bypass diode；
Each bypass diode is connected in inverse parallel with each respective battery substring one-to-one correspondence.
Preferably, the pressure limiting circuit is set in terminal box, alternatively, being encapsulated in inside the intelligent photovoltaic component, again
Alternatively, being independently disposed to outside the intelligent photovoltaic component.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system, comprising: inverter, and, it is straight with the inverter
Flow at least one connected photovoltaic group string of side；Wherein:
It include at least one in the photovoltaic group string such as any of the above-described intelligent photovoltaic component.
Intelligent photovoltaic component provided by the invention detects the parameter of itself by detection control unit, and in the parameter
When meeting default switching condition, is switched on-off in control switch unit, make to be set to respective battery substring both ends or battery
The pressure limiting circuit at module both ends puts into or cuts out, and then power optimization device is replaced to realize the adjustment for voltage；It improves
While the largest component serial number of group string, avoiding leads to problem at high cost due to using power optimization device.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly or in the prior art to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is only this that interior attached drawing, which is described below,
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 a to Fig. 2 is three kinds of structural schematic diagrams of the intelligent photovoltaic component that the present patent application embodiment provides；
Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is three kinds of output characteristic curve figures of the intelligent photovoltaic component that the present patent application embodiment provides；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram for the photovoltaic generating system that another embodiment of the present patent application provides.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the application, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
The present invention provides a kind of intelligent photovoltaic component, at high cost to solve to cause using power optimization device in the prior art
Problem.
Specifically, the intelligent photovoltaic component, comprising: detection control unit, switch unit, power module, battery module with
And at least one pressure limiting circuit；Wherein:
Battery module includes the battery substring of at least two series connections；Each battery substring includes at least one minimum electricity
The cell piece quantity that pool unit (cell piece) namely each battery substring include can be selected arbitrarily, such as each battery substring packet
The cell piece contained is any amounts such as 1,2,3,4 ... n.
Pressure limiting circuit is set to the both ends (as shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 2) or the both ends of the battery module of respective battery substring
(as shown in Figure 1 b)；
Switch unit includes at least one switch, the quantity of switch depending on its specific application environment, can for 1,2,3,
Any amounts such as 4 ... x；The switch is preferred with controllable electronic switch, such as MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-
Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, MOSFET, Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor),
IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) and triode, practical application
In can also be using relay etc., depending on its application environment, within the scope of protection of this application.
Detection control unit is used to detect the parameter of intelligent photovoltaic component, and when parameter meets default switching condition, control
It is switched on-off in switch unit processed, so that the pressure limiting circuit is put into or is cut out, to adjust the voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component.It is practical
In, which can be with are as follows: any one in electric current, voltage, temperature and irradiation level；And the default switching condition includes:
Pressure limiting condition and recovery condition；Wherein, the inverter that pressure limiting condition is connected for characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is in open-circuit condition
Condition；Recovery condition is in the condition of normal operating conditions for the inverter that characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is connected, such as simultaneously
Net state, and/or, connect load condition.Preferably, which is voltage；The pressure limiting condition is that voltage is greater than pressure limiting threshold value；And it is somebody's turn to do
Recovery condition is that voltage is less than reset threshold.In practical application, when parameter is electric current, which is that electric current is less than pressure limiting
Current value；And the recovery condition is that electric current is greater than restoring current value.The setting of each threshold value, and, under other parameters selection
Condition setting, can be depending on its specific application environment, herein without limitation, within the scope of protection of this application.
Power module is used to power for detection control unit, can carry out taking electricity (as schemed from intelligent photovoltaic component itself
Shown in 1a to Fig. 2), it can also be powered by external power supply, be not specifically limited herein, depending on its application environment, existed
In the protection scope of the application.
The structure that Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b show a kind of optinal plan is shown, wherein battery module includes two battery substrings,
Switch unit includes: first switch K1, second switch K2 and third switch K3；Detection control unit may be implemented for intelligent light
The detection and judgement of component relevant parameter are lied prostrate, and controls the on-off of three switches K1, K2 and K3；Pressure limiting circuit is bleeder circuit,
And the bleeder circuit includes: first resistor R1 and second resistance R2；First switch K1 is connected in series in the negative of respective battery substring
Between pole and the anode of adjacent cell substring (as shown in Figure 1a), alternatively, the cathode of battery module and intelligent photovoltaic component is negative
Between pole (as shown in Figure 1 b)；Second switch K2 is connected in series in bleeder circuit；One end of third switch K3 and bleeder circuit
Partial pressure output end, i.e. first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 intermediate point (when second switch K2 is connected between the two, can
To be any end of second switch K2) it is connected；The other end of third switch K3 is connected (as schemed with the anode of adjacent cell substring
Shown in 1a), alternatively, being connected (as shown in Figure 1 b) with the cathode of intelligent photovoltaic component.
The structure that Fig. 2 show another optinal plan is shown, wherein battery module includes two battery substrings, is opened
Closing unit includes: the 4th switch K4；Detection control unit may be implemented the detection for intelligent photovoltaic component relevant parameter and sentence
It is disconnected, and control the on-off of the 4th switch K4；Pressure limiting circuit is load circuit, and the load circuit includes: 3rd resistor R3；4th
Switch K4 is connected in series in load circuit.
When pressure limiting circuit is set to respective battery substring both ends, i.e., such as Fig. 1 a and scheme shown in Fig. 2, the intelligent photovoltaic
It is also preferable to include at least one bypass diode D1, each bypass diode and each respective battery substrings to correspond in component
It is connected in inverse parallel, for carrying out by-pass shunt to by the battery substring of pressure limiting, when by the battery substring or entire battery of pressure limiting
There are when mismatch problems, bypass diode D1 can be realized conducting and shunt for the output electric current of module and the operating current of system.
It is illustrated by taking Fig. 1 b as an example:
When the inverter that intelligent photovoltaic component is connected is in open-circuit condition, such as when morning and evening inverter is inactive, intelligence
The voltage of energy photovoltaic module is the open-circuit voltage V in Fig. 3oc, it is more than pressure limiting threshold value VY；Detection control unit will determine full at this time
Sufficient pressure limiting condition, so issue control instruction, control switch K1 is disconnected, K2 and K3 closure, pressure limiting circuit (by first resistor R1 and
The bleeder circuit of second resistance R2 composition) it will be by access system；The output voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component is V at this timeoc1, Voc1Meet
N×Voc1< 1500, and Voc1≤VY, N is the maximum serial number of photovoltaic module in system, and 1500 is electric for the system of photovoltaic module
Pressure；Corresponding operating path process as shown in Figure 3 is 1..
When inverter is in the initial stage of bringing onto load state or grid connection state, the output IV curve of intelligent photovoltaic component into
Enter pressure limiting state as shown in Figure 3, short circuit current ISCWith the IV curve short circuit current I under normal conditionSCIt is identical.Pass through
Inverter control, reduction group string both end voltage that is to say the output voltage for reducing intelligent photovoltaic component to VX, VXFor reset threshold,
That is reset threshold；Corresponding operating path process as shown in Figure 3 is 2..
It is then detected that control unit issues control instruction, control switch K1 closure, K2 and K3 are disconnected, and pressure limiting circuit is (by the
The bleeder circuit of one resistance R1 and second resistance R2 composition) it is cut out system.The output IV curve of intelligent photovoltaic component become as
Normal condition shown in Fig. 3；3., intelligent photovoltaic component works in (V to corresponding operating path process as shown in Figure 3a,
IX) point, Va<VY。
MPP search is carried out on the IV curve of inverter in normal state, and intelligent photovoltaic component is made to work in (Vm, Im) point；
Corresponding operating path process as shown in Figure 3 is 4..
When the output voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component is affected by environment, internal detection control unit detects its output electricity
Pressing V is more than threshold voltage VYWhen, intelligent photovoltaic component works in (VY, IY) point, VY> Vm, detection control unit issues control and refers to
It enables, control switch K1 is disconnected, switch K2 and K3 are closed, resistance R1 and R2 access system again, the work shape of intelligent photovoltaic component
State is switched on the IV curve under pressure limiting state by normal condition IV curve；Corresponding operating path process as shown in Figure 3
⑤。
Into after pressure limiting state, when the output voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component is again less than reset threshold VXWhen, and will incite somebody to action
Pressure limiting circuit cuts out system, that is to say the process of re-executing 3..Subsequent process can with and so on, do not continue to herein
It is bright.
The difference of scheme shown in Fig. 2 and scheme shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b is, when needing to reduce component output voltage, inspection
It surveys control unit and controls the 4th switch K4 closure, reduce the output voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component by introducing load resistance R3；
When needing recovery component voltage, detection control unit controls the 4th switch K4 and disconnects, and is restored by cutting out load resistance R3
The voltage of intelligent photovoltaic component.
The IV curve of pressure limiting state in Fig. 3 is analyzed, the IV curve of available pressure limiting state is by former photovoltaic group
Resistance R1 and R2 joint effect in the IV characteristic and pressure limiting circuit of part, as shown in Figure 4, the series electrical of former photovoltaic module
Resistance can be characterized with K3, and parallel resistance can be characterized with K1.When pressure limiting state, the series resistance of component entirety can be characterized with K4, in parallel
Resistance can be characterized with K2.When the second resistance R2 in pressure limiting circuit is bigger, the absolute value of corresponding K4 is smaller.When in pressure limiting circuit
First resistor R1 get over hour, the absolute value of corresponding K2 is bigger.Work as K2=Isc/Voc1, the IV curve of pressure limiting state becomes Fig. 5 institute
It is showing as a result, i.e. IV curve be linear feature.Accurately calculating based on reset threshold, the IV curve that can choose pressure limiting state are
The case where linear feature；Voltage range based on inverter, which controls, to be considered, can adjust pressure limiting by the resistance value of resistance R1 and R2
The IV curve of state shortens the distance of reset threshold VX and pressure limiting threshold value VY.Herein without limitation to the resistance value selection of R1 and R2,
The IV curve of pressure limiting state also without limitation, can flexible choice setting depending on concrete condition.That is, can pass through in practical application
The flexible choice of divider resistance is arranged, and realizes the larger range of adjusting control of component output voltage, not only circuit is realized simpler
Just, it is also larger that voltage adjusts control range to folk prescription.Also, in practical application, can inside photovoltaic module different substrings two
Pressure limiting circuit is all arranged in end, is controlled by the adjusting of divider resistance, reduces the serial or parallel connection mismatch problems between substring.
It should be noted that Fig. 1 a to Fig. 2 is only a kind of example, in practical application, the setting position of each switch is simultaneously
It is not limited only to as shown in the figure, as long as can be realized the switching of pressure limiting circuit；The realization of pressure limiting circuit is also not limited to figure
Shown in bleeder circuit and load circuit, the realization of bleeder circuit and load circuit is also not limited to as shown in the figure, as long as
It can be realized voltage regulatory function.Pressure limiting circuit can also only include a short-circuit connecting line, that is, work as intelligent photovoltaic component
When the inverter connected is in open-circuit condition, control by detection control unit to respective switch, by respective battery substring
(or battery module) short circuit, equally also can be realized the purpose of reduction group string voltage.But due to being somebody's turn to do after battery substring short circuit
Battery substring does not generate electricity, and the battery substring is in short circuiting work mode, it will causes the fever of hot spot cell piece serious, this is not only
System generated energy is reduced, while reducing assembly life-span.Therefore, pressure limiting circuit is preferably bleeder circuit or load circuit.
It is worth noting that in the prior art, although group string can be improved by using the component of 1500V system voltage
Largest component serial number, still, in system design, the calculation formula of maximum series component quantity N is N=in group string
1500/Voc, wherein VocThe open-circuit voltage of component when being local historical low temperature.And the operative scenario of actual inverter output
Predominantly open-circuit condition, and, load or grid connection state, the voltage at inverter input side both ends be the open circuit that group is gone here and there when open-circuit condition
Voltage Voc；The voltage at inverter input side both ends is voltage corresponding to MPPT maximum power point tracking state when load or grid connection state
Vm.System does not generate electricity outward when open-circuit condition, does not generate income.System generates electricity outward when load or grid connection state, generates income.
Namely to power generation it is beneficial that VmPoint voltage, VocPoint is only that (when inverter is non-loaded or grid-connected, group is gone here and there based on security consideration
Maximum voltage is also no more than the requirement of component maximum system voltage).So being in VmAnd VocBetween voltage be considered as to power generation
Unhelpful dead voltage section, if can be designed by system, be both able to satisfy system open-circuit condition and load or and it is netted
The maximum system voltage requirement of state lower component, and can significantly cut down maximum power point voltage VmWith open-circuit voltage VocBetween it is invalid
Voltage range can further increase the largest component serial number of system group string.Currently, mainly by power optimization device come real
Existing object above, still, the cost of power optimization device is excessively high, and general applicability is lower.
And the intelligent photovoltaic component provided in this embodiment passes through pressure limiting electricity when inverter output is in open-circuit condition
The investment on road reduces itself output voltage, mentions High Output Current, and then reduce the group string voltage of system under this kind of state, meets
The maximum system voltage requirement of component；And when inverter output is in bringing onto load state or grid connection state, pass through pressure limiting electricity
Cutting out for road restores itself output voltage, reduces output electric current, and then improve the group string voltage of system under this kind of state, but not
More than the maximum system voltage requirement of component；It switches on-off control by x and realizes and the switching of pressure limiting circuit is arranged,
And then realize the variation of component output voltage and electric current, so that system be made both to be able to satisfy the maximum system of component in different conditions
Voltage requirement, and can significantly cut down VmWith VocBetween dead voltage section, increase the maximum series component quantity of system, into one
Walk reduction system initial stage installation cost.Also, because being not necessarily to DCDC translation circuit, avoiding is caused into due to using power optimization device
This high problem has significant cost advantage.
In practical application, which be can be set in terminal box, alternatively, intelligent photovoltaic component can also be encapsulated in
Inside, or, it can also be independently disposed to outside the intelligent photovoltaic component.About each device in the intelligent photovoltaic component
Specific set-up mode, can be depending on its application environment, herein without limitation, within the scope of protection of this application.
Also, may include multiple pressure limiting circuits in the intelligent photovoltaic component, each pressure limiting circuit can switch simultaneously,
Individually control can be carried out to different switches by detection control unit to realize independent switching, to realize more flexible output electricity
The control of pressure value.It can be depending on its specific application environment, herein without limitation, within the scope of protection of this application.
Another embodiment of the present invention on the basis of above-described embodiment, gives two kinds of concrete implementation forms, such as:
For the scheme shown in Fig. 1 b, pressure limiting circuit is placed in the both ends of battery module, for conventional 60 cell pieces series connection
The photovoltaic module of composition, that is, it is set to the both ends after 60 cell piece series connection；Pressure limiting circuit is set in assembly junction box,
Photovoltaic module selects output power P under the conditions of STCmThe photovoltaic module of=280W, corresponding open-circuit voltage Voc=36V, short circuit electricity
Flow Isc=9A, series resistance Rs=0.3 Ω, parallel resistance Rsh=1K Ω.Select R1=1.2 Ω, R2=0.3 in pressure limiting circuit
Ω, then when the intelligent photovoltaic component is in pressure limiting state, corresponding open-circuit voltage Voc1=24V.Take pressure limiting threshold value VY=30V,
Reset threshold VX=18V, then largest component serial number N is 1500/V in 1500V systemY=50.Work is resetted to its pressure limiting below
It is specifically described as path:
1, when inverter output is open-circuit condition, detection control unit detects the output voltage V of the intelligent photovoltaic componentoc
=36V is greater than pressure limiting threshold value VY=30V, detection control unit assign pressure limiting instruction, that is, K1 is opened, K2 and K3 are closed, limit
In volt circuit access system, the intelligent photovoltaic component is begun operating on pressure limiting state I V curve at this time, corresponding open-circuit voltage
Become Voc1=24V.
2, inverter carries out MPP search on group IV curve of string, when the bus current of its control acts on pressure limiting component
On (by the intelligent photovoltaic component of pressure limiting), corresponding operating voltage is equal to reset threshold VXWhen=18V, under detection control unit
It is opened up to reset instruction, that is, K1 closure, K2 and K3, pressure limiting circuit cuts out system, and the intelligent photovoltaic component starts work at this time
Make on normal IV curve, corresponding voltage is Va, meet Va< VY。
3, when the bus current of inverter control acts on pressure limiting component, corresponding operating voltage V=VY=24V
When, detection control unit assigns pressure limiting instruction, that is, K1 is opened, K2 and K3 are closed, and in pressure limiting circuit access system, at this time should
Intelligent photovoltaic component is begun operating on pressure limiting state I V curve, corresponding voltage Vb, meet Vb> VX。
4, work as Vb=VXWhen=18V, detection control unit issues reset instruction, process 2 as above.
With scenario shown in Fig. 1 a, pressure limiting circuit is placed in the both ends of 1/3 battery substring in photovoltaic module, for normal
60 cell piece photovoltaic modulies in series are advised, that is, are set to 20 cell pieces substring both ends in series, simultaneously
In pressure limiting substring (by the battery substring of the pressure limiting) both ends 1 bypass diode in parallel, pressure limiting circuit is set to assembly junction box
In, photovoltaic module selects output power P under the conditions of STCmThe photovoltaic module of=280W, corresponding open-circuit voltage Voc=36V, short circuit
Electric current Isc=9A, series resistance Rs=0.3 Ω, parallel resistance Rsh=1K Ω.Select R1=1K Ω, R2=1K in pressure limiting circuit
Ω, then when 1/3 battery substring of photovoltaic module is in pressure limiting state, the open-circuit voltage V at corresponding photovoltaic module both endsoc1=
30V.Take pressure limiting threshold value VY=30V, reset threshold VX=24V, then largest component serial number N is 1500/V in 1500V systemY
=50.Operating path is resetted to its pressure limiting below to be specifically described:
1, when inverter output is open-circuit condition, detection control unit detects the output voltage V of the intelligent photovoltaic componentoc
=36V is greater than pressure limiting threshold value VY=30V, detection control unit assign pressure limiting instruction, that is, K1 is opened, K2 and K3 are closed, limit
In volt circuit access system, the intelligent photovoltaic component is begun operating on pressure limiting state I V curve at this time, corresponding open-circuit voltage
Become Voc1=30V.Because the electric current of pressure limiting substring is substantially less than the electric current of other non-pressure limiting substrings, current mismatch causes pressure limiting sub
Series-parallel bypass diode conducting, plays the role of by-pass shunt, does not influence the electric current output of component.
2, inverter carries out MPP search on group IV curve of string, when the bus current of its control acts on pressure limiting component
On, corresponding operating voltage is equal to reset threshold VXWhen=24V, detection control unit assigns reset instruction, that is, K1 is closed
Conjunction, K2 and K3 are opened, and pressure limiting circuit cuts out system, and the intelligent photovoltaic component is begun operating on normal IV curve at this time, corresponding
Voltage be Va, meet Va< VY。
3, when the bus current of inverter control acts on pressure limiting component, corresponding operating voltage V=VY=30V
When, detection control unit assigns pressure limiting instruction, that is, K1 is opened, K2 and K3 are closed, and in pressure limiting circuit access system, at this time should
Intelligent photovoltaic component is begun operating on pressure limiting state I V curve, corresponding voltage Vb, meet Vb> VX。
4, work as Vb=VXWhen=24V, detection control unit issues reset instruction, process 2 as above.
This gives the battery substrings in component or battery module both ends setting pressure limiting circuit to realize component output
Voltage adjusts the specific embodiment of control, can reduce component output voltage when inverter is exported in open-circuit condition, and
When inverter output is in load or grid connection state, increase component output voltage, and all meet light in two above
Lie prostrate the maximum system voltage requirement of component.By the access of above-mentioned pressure limiting circuit and control is cut out, reduces photovoltaic system maximum work
Rate point voltage VmWith open-circuit voltage VocBetween dead voltage section, increase the maximum series component quantity of system, further drop
Low system initial stage installation cost.
Remaining structure and principle are same as the previously described embodiments, no longer repeat one by one herein.
Another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of photovoltaic generating system, as shown in Figure 6, comprising: inverter, and,
At least one the photovoltaic group string being connected with inverter direct-flow side；Wherein:
It include at least one intelligent photovoltaic component as described in above-mentioned any embodiment in photovoltaic group string.
Fig. 6 illustrates the photovoltaic generating system being made of above-mentioned intelligent photovoltaic component, multiple intelligence containing pressure limiting circuit
Photovoltaic module be concatenated or parallel connection after access inverter.When inverter output is in open-circuit condition, every piece of intelligent photovoltaic component
When internal detection control unit detects that parameter meets pressure limiting condition, limit inside intelligent photovoltaic component is realized by switch control
The investment of volt circuit reduces component voltage, so that the open-circuit voltage of whole system reduces；When inverter output in load or simultaneously
When net state, when the detection control unit inside every piece of intelligent photovoltaic component detects that parameter meets recovery condition, pass through switch
Cutting out for intelligent photovoltaic component inside pressure limiting circuit is realized in control, improves component voltage, inverter is made to work in optimum voltage model
It encloses, and the MPP voltage of system group string is also no more than component maximum system voltage.
The intelligent photovoltaic component quantity with pressure-limiting function for including in one photovoltaic system group string can be selected arbitrarily, other
Not have the common photovoltaic module of pressure-limiting function.Such as intelligent photovoltaic component number with pressure-limiting function is appointed for 1,2,3,4 ... N
Meaning quantity, and N is less than component maximum serial number.
It is worth noting that this application involves component can be full wafer battery component, slice battery component, MWT
All photovoltaic power generation products such as (Metal Wrap Through, metal piercing winding technique) battery component, herein without limitation,
The cell piece is the smallest indivisible minimum generator unit of component internal.
The structure and working principle of the intelligent photovoltaic component no longer repeat one by one herein referring to above-described embodiment.
Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner in the present invention, the highlights of each of the examples are with other realities
The difference of example is applied, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
Speech, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to method part illustration
?.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, without departing from the scope of the technical proposal of the invention, all using the methods and technical content of the disclosure above to the present invention
Technical solution makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change.Therefore, it is all without departing from
The content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification made to the above embodiment, equivalent
Variation and modification, all of which are still within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of intelligent photovoltaic component characterized by comprising detection control unit, switch unit, power module, battery mould
Block and at least one pressure limiting circuit；Wherein:
The battery module includes the battery substring of at least two series connections, and each battery substring includes at least one minimum electricity
Pool unit；
The pressure limiting circuit is set to the both ends of respective battery substring or the both ends of the battery module；
The switch unit includes at least one switch；
The detection control unit is used to detect the parameter of the intelligent photovoltaic component, and meets default switching item in the parameter
It when part, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, the pressure limiting circuit is made to put into or cut out, to adjust the intelligent light
Lie prostrate the voltage of component；
The power module is used to power for the detection control unit.
2. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure limiting circuit is bleeder circuit；
The switch unit includes: first switch, second switch and third switch；
The first switch is connected in series between the cathode of respective battery substring and the anode of adjacent cell substring, alternatively, institute
It states between the cathode of battery module and the cathode of the intelligent photovoltaic component；
The second switch is connected in series in the bleeder circuit；
One end of the third switch is connected with the partial pressure output end of the bleeder circuit, the other end and phase of the third switch
The cathode of the positive or described intelligent photovoltaic component of adjacent battery substring is connected.
3. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the bleeder circuit includes the be connected in series
One resistance and second resistance；
The intermediate point of the first resistor and the second resistance is the partial pressure output end of the bleeder circuit.
4. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure limiting circuit is load circuit；
The switch unit includes: the 4th switch；
4th switch is connected in series in the load circuit.
5. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the load circuit includes 3rd resistor.
6. -5 any intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the parameter are as follows: electric current, voltage,
Any one in temperature and irradiation level；
The default switching condition includes: pressure limiting condition and recovery condition；
The inverter that the pressure limiting condition is connected by the characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is in the condition of open-circuit condition；
The inverter that the recovery condition is connected by the characterization intelligent photovoltaic component is in the condition of normal operating conditions.
7. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the parameter is voltage；
The pressure limiting condition is that the voltage is greater than pressure limiting threshold value；
The recovery condition is that the voltage is less than reset threshold.
8. intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the detection control unit is used in the ginseng
It when number meets default switching condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, the pressure limiting circuit is made to put into or cut out,
To adjust the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component, it is specifically used for:
It when the parameter meets the pressure limiting condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, make the pressure limiting circuit
Investment, to reduce the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component；
It when the parameter meets the recovery condition, controls and is switched on-off in the switch unit, make the pressure limiting circuit
It cuts out, to promote the voltage of the intelligent photovoltaic component.
9. -5 any intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure limiting circuit is set to accordingly
When the both ends of battery substring, the intelligent photovoltaic component further include: at least one bypass diode；
Each bypass diode is connected in inverse parallel with each respective battery substring one-to-one correspondence.
10. -5 any intelligent photovoltaic component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure limiting circuit, which is set to, to be connect
In wire box, alternatively, be encapsulated in inside the intelligent photovoltaic component, or, it is independently disposed to outside the intelligent photovoltaic component.
11. a kind of photovoltaic generating system characterized by comprising inverter, and, it is connected with the inverter direct-flow side
At least one photovoltaic group string；Wherein:
It include at least one intelligent photovoltaic component as described in claim 1-10 is any in the photovoltaic group string.
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