CN110086234A - A kind of discrete power charging circuit - Google Patents
A kind of discrete power charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110086234A CN110086234A CN201910478948.0A CN201910478948A CN110086234A CN 110086234 A CN110086234 A CN 110086234A CN 201910478948 A CN201910478948 A CN 201910478948A CN 110086234 A CN110086234 A CN 110086234A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of discrete power charging circuits, including current detecting chip U3, driving chip U6, field-effect tube U8, inductance L3, resistance R5, resistance R8, resistance R17, capacitor C12, capacitor C38, diode D1, diode D2, interface VBUS and interface VB, wherein, the ground terminal of driving chip U6 is grounded, the signal input part of driving chip U6 is connect with interface CHARGE_PWM, the enable end of driving chip U6 is connect with interface CHARGE_EN, and the power input of driving chip U6 is connect with interface VBUS.The present invention have charge efficiency is high, charging current and charging voltage are controllable;It is effectively prevent driving chip error starting, improves the reliability and safety of charging current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charging circuit technical field, specifically a kind of discrete power charging circuit.
Background technique
Existing charging current is more than 1.2A's or more, is essentially all to be realized by the way of DC-EC charging.It is this to fill
Electric mode, after peripheral circuit determines, the output charging current of charging circuit is also fixation, unadjustable, causes to charge
Inefficient, charging security is not also high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of discrete power charging circuit, is able to solve
Charging and the controllable problem of electric current, voltage.
The technical solution achieved the object of the present invention are as follows: a kind of discrete power charging circuit, including current detecting chip
U3, driving chip U6, field-effect tube U8, inductance L3, resistance R5, resistance R8, resistance R17, capacitor C12, capacitor C38, diode
D1, diode D2, interface VBUS and interface VB, wherein the ground terminal of driving chip U6 is grounded, the signal input of driving chip U6
End is connect with interface CHARGE_PWM, and the enable end of driving chip U6 is connect with interface CHARGE_EN, the power supply of driving chip U6
Input terminal is connect with interface VBUS, the voltage output end of driving chip U6 respectively with the grid of field-effect tube U8 and resistance R17
One end connection, the other end of resistance R17 are connect with one end of the source electrode of field-effect tube U8 and resistance R5 respectively, and resistance R5's is another
End is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of interface VBUS and current detecting chip U3 respectively, the one end for the resistance R5 connecting with resistance R17
It is also connect with the inverting input terminal of current detecting chip U3, the current detecting AD threshold voltage output end and electricity of current detecting chip U3
One end connection of R8 is hindered, the other end of resistance R8 is connect respectively with interface CHARGE_I and the connection of one end of capacitor C12, capacitor
The other end of C12 is grounded, and the reference voltage reference value of current detecting chip U3 is that ground terminal and ground terminal are grounded jointly, electric current inspection
The supply voltage input terminal for surveying chip U3 is connect with interface VBUS;
The drain electrode of the field-effect tube U8 is connect with one end of the cathode of diode D1 and inductance L3 respectively, and inductance L3's is another
One end is connect with the anode of diode D2, and the cathode of diode D2 is connect with one end of interface VB and capacitor C38 respectively, capacitor
The other end of C38 is grounded, and interface VB is connect with the anode of battery to be charged, the cathode of battery to be charged and the anode of diode D1
Common ground connection;
The PWM port of the external MCU of interface CHARGE_PWM, for providing pwm signal to driving chip U6;It is described to connect
The output end of the external MCU of mouth CHARGE_EN, for providing enable signal to driving chip U6;The interface CHARGE_I is external
The end AD of MCU, for detecting the output voltage values of current detecting chip U3;
When the enable end of driving chip U6 receives enable signal from interface CHARGE_EN, driving chip U6 passes through voltage
Output end provides voltage to field-effect tube U8, and field-effect tube U8 is converted to opening state by closed state, and inductance L3 is in storage
Energy state, the charging circuit are in charged state;Conversely, when the enable end of driving chip U6 is not from interface CHARGE_EN
Enable signal is received, driving chip U6 does not provide voltage to field-effect tube U8, and field-effect tube U8 is converted to pass by opening state
Closed state, inductance L3 are in release energy state;
According to the output voltage values detected from interface CHARGE_I, adjustment is exported by interface CHARGE_PWM to driving core
The duty ratio of the pwm signal of the signal input part of piece U6, so as to adjust the charging current and charging voltage of interface VB output.
It further, further include resistance R9, one end of resistance R9 is connect with the signal input part of the driving chip U6, electricity
Hinder the other end ground connection of R9.
Further, the resistance R9 is pull down resistor, for preventing driving chip U6 error starting.
It further, further include capacitor C10, one end of capacitor C10 is connect with the power input of the driving chip U6,
The other end of capacitor C10 is grounded.
Further, the capacitor C10 is the decoupling capacitance of driving chip U6.
It further, further include capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C1 and the supply voltage input terminal of current detecting chip U3 connect
It connects, the other end ground connection of capacitor C1.
Further, the capacitor C1 is the decoupling capacitance of current detecting chip U3.
Further, the capacitor C12 is filter capacitor, and resistance R5 is sampling resistor, and diode D1 is freewheeling diode,
Inductance L3 is energy storage inductor.
Further, the diode D1 is Schottky diode.
Further, the output electric current of the interface CHARGE_I detection chip U3 is denoted as I0, the charging of interface VB output
Electric current is denoted as I ', works as I0> I ' then increases the duty ratio of the pwm signal of signal input part, works as I0< I ' then reduces signal input part
Pwm signal duty ratio, work as I0=I ', the then duty ratio for keeping the pwm signal of signal input part current.
The invention has the benefit that the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1, using DC/DC charge mode, charge efficiency is high, and charging current and charging voltage are controllable;
2, it is effectively prevent driving chip error starting, improves the reliability and safety of charging current.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is charging circuit diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the following, being described further in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment to the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of discrete power charging circuit, including current detecting chip U3, driving chip U6, field-effect
Pipe U8, inductance L3, resistance R5, resistance R8, resistance R9, resistance R17, capacitor C1, capacitor C10, capacitor C12, capacitor C38, two poles
Pipe D1, diode D2, interface VBUS and interface VB, wherein (the digital 1-6 in figure represents the volume of pin to current detecting chip U3
Number) model INA199A1, the model INA199 of driving chip U6 (number that the digital 1-8 in figure represents pin), drive
Pin NC, pin NC1 and the pin OUTB of dynamic chip U6 is zero load, the pin GND ground connection of driving chip U6, driving chip U6
Pin INA connect respectively with one end of interface CHARGE_PWM and resistance R9, the other end of resistance R9 ground connection, driving chip U6
Pin INB connect with interface CHARGE_EN, the one end with interface VBUS and capacitor C10 respectively the pin VCC of driving chip U6
Connection, capacitor C10 the other end ground connection, the pin OUTA of driving chip U6 respectively with the grid of field-effect tube U8 (end G in figure)
And one end connection of resistance R17, the other end of resistance R17 respectively with the source electrode of field-effect tube U8 (end S in figure) and resistance R5
One end connection, the other end of resistance R5 is connect with the pin IN+ of interface VBUS and current detecting chip U3 respectively, with resistance R17
One end of the resistance R5 of connection is also connect with the pin IN- of current detecting chip U3, the pin OUT and electricity of current detecting chip U3
One end connection of R8 is hindered, the other end of resistance R8 is connect with one end of interface CHARGE_I and capacitor C12 respectively, capacitor C12's
Other end ground connection, the pin REF and pin GND of current detecting chip U3 are grounded jointly, and pin V+ points of current detecting chip U3
It is not connect with one end of interface VBUS and capacitor C1, the other end ground connection of capacitor C1.
The drain electrode (end D in figure) of the field-effect tube U8 is connect with one end of the cathode of diode D1 and inductance L3 respectively,
The anode of the other end of inductance L3 and diode D2 are connect, the cathode of diode D2 one end with interface VB and capacitor C38 respectively
Connection, the other end ground connection of capacitor C38, interface VB is connect with the anode of battery (not shown) to be charged, for wait fill
Battery provides voltage and current, to charge to battery to be charged, the cathode of battery to be charged and the anode of diode D1 are total
With ground connection.
The pin IN+ of the current detecting chip U3 is non-inverting input terminal, and pin IN- is inverting input terminal, and pin V+ is
Supply voltage input terminal, pin GND are ground terminal, and pin REF is that benchmark voltage reference value is ground terminal, and pin OUT is electric current
Detect AD threshold voltage output end.
The pin NC and pin NC1 of the driving chip U6 is free end, and pin INA is signal input part, pin GND
For ground terminal, pin INB is enabled input terminal, and pin OUTB is second output terminal, and pin VCC is power input, pin
OUTA is voltage output end.
The PWM port of the external MCU of interface CHARGE_PWM, for providing pwm signal to driving chip U6.PWM letter
Number duty ratio can be by being manually adjusted on MCU, so as to the output voltage of control interface VB, namely control to wait fill
The charging voltage and charging current that battery provides.
The output end of the external MCU of interface CHARGE_EN, for providing enable signal to driving chip U6.
The end AD of the external MCU of interface CHARGE_I, for detecting the output current value of current detecting chip U3, interface
The output current value of CHARGE_I is equal with the current value provided to battery to be charged, i.e. the output current value of interface CHARGE_I
It is equal with the current value for flowing to interface VB.
The MCU is preferably single-chip microcontroller.
In the present embodiment, capacitor C12 is filter capacitor, and capacitor C1 and capacitor C10 are decoupling capacitance, and resistance R9 is drop-down
Resistance, resistance R5 are sampling resistor, and diode D1 is freewheeling diode, preferably Schottky diode, and inductance L3 is energy storage electricity
Sense.
Capacitor C1 is the decoupling capacitance of current detecting chip U3, and capacitor C10 is the decoupling capacitance of driving chip U6, resistance R9
For prevent external MCU when powering on I/O mouth shake and to driving chip U6 error starting.Therefore, capacitor C1, capacitor C10
It is to be arranged to improve the reliability of circuit and safe operation with resistance R9.
Sampling resistor R5 is usually milliohm rank, and in the present embodiment, the resistance value of sampling resistor R5 is preferably 10 milliohms.
In the present embodiment, interface VBUS external power supply, preferably VBUS interface, the output voltage of external power supply are 5V, are used
In providing voltage to circuit of the invention.
The working principle of the invention: when the electric current of interface VBUS passes through resistance R5, since the level at the both ends resistance R17 is equal to
The input voltage of interface VBUS, in the present embodiment, the input voltage of VBUS is DC voltage 5V (being denoted as DC5V), that is, resistance
The level at the both ends R17 is DC5V, and the grid of field-effect tube U8 is pulled up as high level, so that field-effect tube U8, which is in, closes shape
State namely field-effect tube default are in close state.
Enable signal is exported to driving chip U6 when MCU passes through interface CHARGE_EN, is passed through to control driving chip U6
Voltage output end starts to provide voltage to field-effect tube U8, and field-effect tube U8 is in opening state, and driving chip U6 is imitated by field
Should pipe U8 power to inductance L3, and electric energy is stored in inductance L3 and capacitor C38.Due to the self-induction of inductance L3, effect on the scene
Should pipe U8 when being in opening state, it is slow that interface VB exports the comparison increased to the charging current of battery to be charged, so that interface
Output voltage (i.e. charging voltage) at VB cannot reach charging voltage required for battery to be charged at once, and (i.e. battery is specified
Charging voltage) namely interface VB output voltage be less than battery to be charged required for charging voltage.When field-effect tube U8 is open-minded
It turning off after a certain period of time, the electric current due to flowing through inductance L3 has effect of inertia, and the electric current for flowing through inductance L3 still remains unchanged,
Therefore, in a period of time after scene effect pipe U8 is closed, electric current passes sequentially through inductance L3 and interface VB flows to battery to be charged.
Subsequently, as the cathode (i.e. ground terminal) of battery to be charged is grounded jointly with diode D1, electric current returns to two from the cathode of battery
The anode of pole pipe D1, electric current flow to inductance L3 after second level D1.Therefore, diode D1, inductance L3 and battery shape to be charged
At a circuit.
During scene effect pipe U8 is in opening state, inductance L3 stores energy, and charging current is carried out to battery to be charged
Charging;During scene effect pipe U8 is in close state, inductance L3 releases energy.Therefore inductance L3 belongs to energy storage inductor.It is on the scene
During effect pipe U8 is in close state, diode D1 is used to provide current path to inductance L3, thus diode D1 belong to it is continuous
Flow diode.
During field-effect tube U8 is in opening state, charging voltage very little, corresponding heating power very little, thus the effect that charges
Rate is higher, realizes discrete charging and power management.
Output voltage and output can be controlled by the duty ratio of the pwm signal of control output to interface CHARGE_PWM
Electric current, the i.e. output voltage of control interface VB, concrete principle are as follows:
Assuming that the resistance value of resistance R5 is R0(such as 10 milliohms), the amplifier multiple of current detecting chip U3 be n (such as
100) electric current for, flowing through resistance R5 is I0, the voltage at the both ends resistance R5 is U0, the voltage value detected from interface CHARGE_I is
AD-VALUE in the present embodiment, detects voltage to interface CHARGE_I by MCU, what detection was connect with interface CHARGE_I
The end AD is that (i.e. full scale is 2 for m samplingsm), the precision of obtained voltage AD-VALUE is 12, and sample reference voltage is VREF
(such as 3V) then has following formula relationship:
U0=R0I0
Due to resistance value R0For it is known that VREF is it is known that electric current I therefore can be calculated0。
Flow through the electric current I of resistance R50It that is to say the electric current for flowing to interface VB and battery to be charged, it is assumed that battery to be charged
Charging current is set as I ', works as I0> I ' then increases the duty ratio of pwm signal, that is, increases the PWM for flowing to interface CHARGE_PWM
The duty ratio of signal, works as I0< I ' then reduces the duty ratio of pwm signal, that is, reduces the pwm signal for flowing to interface CHARGE_PWM
Duty ratio, work as I0=I ', the then duty ratio for keeping pwm signal current keep the pwm signal for flowing to interface CHARGE_PWM
Current duty ratio.Wherein, the duty ratio of pwm signal is adjusted, can be arranged on MCU manually and adjust, can also specially produce
It is adjusted on the circuit of raw pwm signal, is the prior art due to generating pwm signal and adjusting the duty ratio of pwm signal,
This is just without repeating.
Therefore, by adjusting the duty ratio of pwm signal, corresponding adjustment charging current and charging voltage, realization, which is treated, fills
The charging of battery.
The present invention using DC/DC decompression mode (namely buck mode) realize to battery (usually single-unit battery core, such as
3.7 lithium batteries or 18650 batteries etc.) charging, and charging current and charging voltage are controllable, fast and safely charge to realize.
For those skilled in the art, it can make other each according to the above description of the technical scheme and ideas
Kind is corresponding to be changed and deforms, and all these change and deform the protection model that all should belong to the claims in the present invention
Within enclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of discrete power charging circuit, it is characterised in that: including current detecting chip U3, driving chip U6, field-effect
Pipe U8, inductance L3, resistance R5, resistance R8, resistance R17, capacitor C12, capacitor C38, diode D1, diode D2, interface VBUS
With interface VB, wherein the ground terminal of driving chip U6 is grounded, and the signal input part and interface CHARGE_PWM of driving chip U6 connects
It connects, the enable end of driving chip U6 is connect with interface CHARGE_EN, and the power input and interface VBUS of driving chip U6 connects
It connects, the voltage output end of driving chip U6 is connect with one end of the grid of field-effect tube U8 and resistance R17 respectively, resistance R17's
The other end is connect with one end of the source electrode of field-effect tube U8 and resistance R5 respectively, the other end of resistance R5 respectively with interface VBUS and
The non-inverting input terminal of current detecting chip U3 connects, the one end for the resistance R5 being connect with resistance R17 also with current detecting chip U3
Inverting input terminal connection, the current detecting AD threshold voltage output end of current detecting chip U3 connect with one end of resistance R8, electric
The other end of resistance R8 is connect respectively with interface CHARGE_I and the connection of one end of capacitor C12, the other end ground connection of capacitor C12, electricity
The reference voltage reference value of stream detection chip U3 is that ground terminal and ground terminal are grounded jointly, the supply voltage of current detecting chip U3
Input terminal is connect with interface VBUS;
The drain electrode of the field-effect tube U8 is connect with one end of the cathode of diode D1 and inductance L3 respectively, the other end of inductance L3
It is connect with the anode of diode D2, the cathode of diode D2 is connect with one end of interface VB and capacitor C38 respectively, capacitor C38's
Other end ground connection, interface VB are connect with the anode of battery to be charged, and the cathode of battery to be charged and the anode of diode D1 are common
Ground connection;
The PWM port of the external MCU of interface CHARGE_PWM, for providing pwm signal to driving chip U6;The interface
The output end of the external MCU of CHARGE_EN, for providing enable signal to driving chip U6;The external MCU of interface CHARGE_I
The end AD, for detecting the output voltage values of current detecting chip U3;
When the enable end of driving chip U6 receives enable signal from interface CHARGE_EN, driving chip U6 passes through voltage output
It holds to field-effect tube U8 and voltage is provided, field-effect tube U8 is converted to opening state by closed state, and inductance L3 is in storage electric energy
State, the charging circuit are in charged state;Conversely, when the enable end of driving chip U6 is not received from interface CHARGE_EN
To enable signal, driving chip U6 does not provide voltage to field-effect tube U8, and field-effect tube U8 is converted to close off shape by opening state
State, inductance L3 are in release energy state;
According to the output voltage values detected from interface CHARGE_I, adjustment is exported by interface CHARGE_PWM to driving chip U6
Signal input part pwm signal duty ratio, so as to adjust the interface VB output charging current and charging voltage.
2. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include resistance R9, resistance R9's
One end is connect with the signal input part of the driving chip U6, the other end ground connection of resistance R9.
3. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the resistance R9 is pull down resistor,
For preventing driving chip U6 error starting.
4. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include capacitor C10, capacitor C10
One end connect with the power input of the driving chip U6, the other end of capacitor C10 ground connection.
5. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the capacitor C10 is driving chip
The decoupling capacitance of U6.
6. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include capacitor C1, capacitor C1's
One end is connect with the supply voltage input terminal of current detecting chip U3, the other end ground connection of capacitor C1.
7. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the capacitor C1 is current detecting core
The decoupling capacitance of piece U3.
8. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the capacitor C12 is filter capacitor,
Resistance R5 is sampling resistor, and diode D1 is freewheeling diode, and inductance L3 is energy storage inductor.
9. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that: the diode D1 is Xiao Te
Based diode.
10. discrete power charging circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the interface CHARGE_I detection
The output electric current of chip U3 is denoted as I0, interface VB output charging current be denoted as I ', work as I0> I ' then increases signal input part
The duty ratio of pwm signal, works as I0< I ' then reduces the duty ratio of the pwm signal of signal input part, works as I0=I ' then keeps signal
The current duty ratio of the pwm signal of input terminal.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN204497769U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-07-22 | 明华电子科技(惠州)有限公司 | A kind of charger being applicable to polytype battery |
CN106410897A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 常州市派腾电子技术服务有限公司 | Electronic cigarette and power supply structure thereof |
CN109669429A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 龙海特尔福汽车电子研究所有限公司 | A kind of brushless EPS controller of compact |
CN209748236U (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-12-06 | 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 | Discrete power supply charging circuit |
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2019
- 2019-05-31 CN CN201910478948.0A patent/CN110086234A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN204497769U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-07-22 | 明华电子科技(惠州)有限公司 | A kind of charger being applicable to polytype battery |
CN106410897A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-15 | 常州市派腾电子技术服务有限公司 | Electronic cigarette and power supply structure thereof |
CN109669429A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-23 | 龙海特尔福汽车电子研究所有限公司 | A kind of brushless EPS controller of compact |
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