CN110074223A - The deep process of a kind of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces and applied to the ultrasonic extractor in the technique - Google Patents
The deep process of a kind of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces and applied to the ultrasonic extractor in the technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN110074223A CN110074223A CN201910364773.0A CN201910364773A CN110074223A CN 110074223 A CN110074223 A CN 110074223A CN 201910364773 A CN201910364773 A CN 201910364773A CN 110074223 A CN110074223 A CN 110074223A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000030523 Catechol oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010031396 Catechol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004029 environmental poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000182 glucono-delta-lactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020344 instant tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/18—Extraction of water soluble tea constituents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
The deep process of a kind of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces and applied to the ultrasonic extractor in the technique, after going stalk to crush in tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, once extracted using supercritical ultrasonics technology, coarse filtration, using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method carry out second extraction, after coarse filtration, gained extracting solution mixing will be extracted twice, and filtrate III is obtained by filtration by film, and filtrate III is made to carry out separating-purifying by column chromatography device, eluent is obtained, is finally dried to obtain antioxidant finished product；Filter plate is set inside ultrasonic extractor, carries out primary filtration, after the tea grounds after primary extract is collected, carries out second extraction.Present invention employs the extractions that the method that supercritical ultrasonics technology and ultrahigh-pressure extraction method combine carries out tea polyphenols to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, since polyphenol content is lower than excellent tealeaves in tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, therefore it is extracted twice, it is fully dissolved out the tea polyphenols in tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, and then promote the value of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces further, promote economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deep processing field of tea, refers in particular to a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces and be applied to
Ultrasonic extractor in the technique.
Background technique
During Tea Production, largely discarded tealeaves leftover bits and pieces can be generated, so that the utilization rate of tealeaves is low, existing portion
The technology of dividing extracts active material, such as tea polyphenols, oxidoreducing enzyme, hydrolase etc. in tealeaves using tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, wherein
Tea polyphenols are widely used in multiple fields such as food, medicine, therefore as a kind of natural antioxidant to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces
The extraction for carrying out tea polyphenols is of great significance.
Chinese patent literature discloses a kind of extracting method (publication number of golden camellia tea active material
CN107912567A), the invention belongs to field of deep tea processing technology, and a kind of specifically golden camellia tea active material mentions
Take method.Extracting method step includes: (1) powder processed: acquiring fresh golden camellia tea, washes with clean water, drain, is put into reaction
In kettle, it is passed through liquid nitrogen, adds super-pressure to carry out impregnation, is then ground to obtain golden camellia tea powder；(2) toward golden flower
Magnetized water is added in tea-leaf power, adjusting temperature is 60 ~ 80 DEG C, then carries out high speed shear, and enzyme molecule trace microballoon is added and inhales
Attached polyphenol oxidase and catalase filter out insoluble matter, obtain golden camellia tea effective component solution；(3) activity that will be obtained
Substance is purified, and the surfactant of 0.05% concentration is added in the golden camellia tea effective component solution of acquisition, adds
Then 0.2 ~ 0.5% glucono-δ-lactone, 0.4 ~ 0.6% EDETATE SODIUM filter to get golden camellia tea active material.
Although the patent document discloses a kind of side of combination ultra high pressure treatment technology progress golden flower tea active substance extraction
Method, but its beneficial effect generated is different from the present invention, and it is to carry out active matter by molecular imprinting method that it, which mainly extracts means,
The extraction of matter.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method that combination ultra high pressure treatment technology carries out the extraction of golden flower tea active substance, main mesh
Be overcome in existing tea polyphenol extract technology low actived tea polyphenols recovery rate, complex process, easily inactivate tea polyphenols with
And existing ultrasonic extractor, without built-in filter device, tea grounds can not be completely exhausted out the defect of ultrasonic extractor.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, comprising the following steps:
(1) it crushes: tealeaves leftover bits and pieces being removed into tea stalk, is crushed spare；
(2) primary to extract: extracting solution I to be obtained using ultrasonic extraction method, by tealeaves leftover bits and pieces smashed in step (1) and water
It mixes in proportion, is placed in ultrasonic extractor and is once extracted, when extraction conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1:20, are ultrasonic
Between 13min, ultrasonic power 24% ~ 25%；
(3) coarse filtration: extracting solution I is separated by solid-liquid separation in ultrasonic extractor, and filtrate I and filter residue are obtained after separation；
(4) filter residue in step (3) second extraction: is subjected to second extraction using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method；By the filter residue and water
It is mixed according to solid-liquid ratio 1:20, pours into and carry out ultra high pressure extraction, extraction conditions in the container of ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine
To extract 300 ~ 350MPa of pressure, 6 ~ 10min of extraction time, 20 ~ 25 DEG C of temperature, extracting solution II is obtained；
(5) coarse filtration: extracting solution II is separated by solid-liquid separation into lower discharging centrifuge, and filtrate II is obtained after separation；
(6) it mixes: filtrate II obtained by filtrate I obtained by step (3) and step (5) being mixed, mixed liquor is obtained；
(7) film filters: mixed liquor is filtered by film, obtains filtrate III；
(8) separating-purifying: filtrate III obtained by step (5) carries out the separation and Extraction of tea polyphenols by column chromatography device, is eluted
Liquid；
(9) dry: the eluent of step (8) being spray-dried, tea polyphenols powder, i.e. antioxidant finished product are finally obtained.
Further, the ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine is food type cold isostatic press, model HPP200-380.
Further, lower discharging centrifuge is LGZ1250 type in the step (5).
Further, the specifically used parameter of lower discharging centrifuge is feed time 15min, feeds in the step (5)
Number 1 time, disengaging time 8min, wash time 3min, washing times 2 times, dewatering time 8min.
Further, PA type macroporous absorbent resin is selected to carry out the separating-purifying of tea polyphenols, separation ginseng in the step (8)
Number be 1.8 ~ 2BV/h of loading flow velocity, using 80% ethanol elution and collect the eluent of 3BV.
A kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process, including ultrasonic wave generating mechanism, cylinder,
Feed pipe, leakage fluid dram, the ultrasonic wave generating mechanism are installed in the cylinder outside top, and extend to inside, the charging
Pipe is installed at the top of the cylinder, and is extended in the cylinder, and the leakage fluid dram is opened in the cylinder body bottom, with a row
Liquid pipe connection, be installed with valve on the drain pipe, further include filter plate, and the cylinder inboard wall has one to lay around cylinder inboard wall
Concave track, the filter plate are movably embedded in the concave track, and the cylinder lateral wall has an opening, and the mistake
The pull side of filter plate is embedded in the opening, and the filter plate is enable to pass through the opening pull to the cylinder outside, institute
The pull side for stating filter plate is installed with sealing mechanism, enables the sealing mechanism by the gap between the opening and the filter plate
Sealing, the cylinder top are also provided with a blow vent, and the blow vent is connected to a snorkel.
Further, the sealing mechanism includes sealing ring, seal buckle, fastening plates, and the fastening plates will by a screw rod
The sealing ring is located between the fastening plates and filter plate pull side.
Further, the filter plate includes support frame and filter cloth, and the support frame is rectangle structure, the filtering
The surrounding of cloth is embedded in the support frame, can be completely covered on the inside of the support frame, the support frame two sides have and institute
State the cuboid protrusion that concave track matches, the cuboid protrusion and the concave track all with the filter plate pull side
To parallel.
Further, the cylinder body bottom lateral profile is rectangle, and the cylinder body bottom is an arcuate structure.
Further, there is an annular groove in the pull side of the filter plate, there is annular convex platform, the spiral shell on the screw rod
Bar is embedded in the annular groove by the annular convex platform.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention generates is:
1, the configuration of the present invention is simple, practical, by being extracted twice to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, makes the tea in tealeaves leftover bits and pieces
Polyphenol can be utmostly dissolved in solvent；Primary extract uses supercritical ultrasonics technology, using ultrasonic wave by the cell of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces
Wall is broken, is easier solute from intracellular outflow；Second extraction is carried out to primary filtered filter residue, using ultra high pressure treatment
Technology, cell wall be broken after tealeaves leftover bits and pieces super-pressure effect under, solute can be quickly dissolved in solvent, and
Cell is flowed out after release, and the active material in tealeaves leftover bits and pieces is enable farthest to be extracted.
2, ultra high pressure extraction in the present invention, is carried out to tealeaves using food type cold isostatic press, pressure limit is more suitable
Extraction for effective component in tealeaves.
3, in the present invention, using lower discharging centrifuge, make the instant tea powder production technology realize automation, lower discharging from
Scheming can automatic feed, automatic fitration and carry out automatic discharging, and it can carry out primary filtration to extracting solution.
4, it in the present invention, selects PA type macroporous absorbent resin to carry out the separating-purifying of tea polyphenols, is carried out by 80% ethyl alcohol
Elution can obtain the tea polyphenols of high-purity, and the method is high to the recovery rate of tea polyphenols, using macroreticular resin, at low cost, nothing
Poison, environmental protection, simple process, low energy consumption.
5, in the present invention, by the way that the ultrasonic extractor of built-in filter plate is arranged, enable tea grounds when ultrasound is completed
Directly carry out coarse filtration；Since in this production technology, tealeaves leftover bits and pieces need to extract after being pulverized, ultrasonic wave extraction is completed
When, tea grounds can be separated by filter plate with filtrate, and after completing discharging, filter plate is taken out from ultrasonic extractor side, will
Tea grounds is unloaded from filter plate, can enter the process of second extraction after having been treated, which can be improved life
Efficiency is produced, reduces production line input cost, high financial profit and its structure is simple, it is convenient to operate.
6, in the present invention, sealing mechanism is set, filter plate pull side can be made by sealing ring, seal buckle, fastening plates
Clearance seal between opening makes cylinder carry out ultrasound works in sealed states, prevents material leakage.
7, in the present invention, filter plate is set, the surrounding of filter cloth is embedded in support frame, tea grounds mixed liquor is being unloaded
When material, the coarse filtration of tea grounds can be directly carried out, the tea grounds of the formation after tealeaves leftover bits and pieces is pulverized can not pass through in discharging
Filter plate is pulled out cylinder after completing discharging by filter cloth, is taken out the tea grounds being stranded on filter cloth and is carried out second extraction.
8, in the present invention, cylinder body bottom is set as arcuate structure, in discharging, filtrate will arcuately structure toward flow down
It is dynamic, filtrate can be reduced in the intracorporal residual of cylinder.
9, in the present invention, annular groove and annular convex platform are set, keep screw rod movable along the direction of filter plate pull,
Filter plate is during pull, and under the interaction of annular convex platform and annular groove, filter plate can be by pull to cylinder
Outside, while it can ensure that sealing ring is located in always between fastening plates and the pull side of filter plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of heretofore described ultrasonic extractor.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of heretofore described filter plate.
Fig. 4 is the top view of heretofore described ultrasonic extractor.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of heretofore described concave track.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, comprising the following steps:
(1) it crushes: tealeaves leftover bits and pieces being removed into tea stalk, is crushed spare；
(2) primary to extract: extracting solution I to be obtained using ultrasonic extraction method, by tealeaves leftover bits and pieces smashed in step (1) and water
It mixes in proportion, is placed in ultrasonic extractor and is once extracted, when extraction conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1:20, are ultrasonic
Between 13min, ultrasonic power 24% ~ 25%；
(3) coarse filtration: after extracting solution I stands 3min in ultrasonic extractor, start discharging, can will be separated by solid-liquid separation, be filtered
Liquid I and filter residue；
(4) filter residue in step (3) second extraction: is subjected to second extraction using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method；By filter residue and water according to
Solid-liquid ratio 1:20 mixing, pours into and carries out ultra high pressure extraction in the container of ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine, and extraction conditions are to mention
Pressure power 300MPa, extraction time 10min, obtain extracting solution II by 20 ~ 25 DEG C of temperature；
(5) coarse filtration: extracting solution II is separated by solid-liquid separation into lower discharging centrifuge, and separation parameter is feed time 15min, feeds
Number 1 time, disengaging time 8min, wash time 3min, washing times 2 times, dewatering time 8min, obtain filtrate II after separation；
(6) it mixes: filtrate II obtained by filtrate I obtained by step (3) and step (5) being mixed, mixed liquor is obtained；
(7) film filters: mixed liquor is filtered by film, obtains filtrate III；
(8) separating-purifying: filtrate III obtained by step (5) carries out the separation and Extraction of tea polyphenols, filler PA by column chromatography device
Type macroporous absorbent resin, 1.8 ~ 2BV/h of loading flow velocity, using 80% ethanol elution and collect the eluent of 3BV；
(9) dry: the eluent of step (8) being spray-dried, tea polyphenols powder, i.e. antioxidant finished product are finally obtained.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, comprising the following steps:
(1) it crushes: tealeaves leftover bits and pieces being removed into tea stalk, is crushed spare；
(2) primary to extract: extracting solution I to be obtained using ultrasonic extraction method, by tealeaves leftover bits and pieces smashed in step (1) and water
It mixes in proportion, is placed in ultrasonic extractor and is once extracted, when extraction conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1:20, are ultrasonic
Between 13min, ultrasonic power 24% ~ 25%；
(3) coarse filtration: after extracting solution I stands 3min in ultrasonic extractor, start discharging, can will be separated by solid-liquid separation, be filtered
Liquid I and filter residue；
(4) filter residue in step (3) second extraction: is subjected to second extraction using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method；By filter residue and water according to
Solid-liquid ratio 1:20 mixing, pours into and carries out ultra high pressure extraction in the container of ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine, and extraction conditions are to mention
Pressure power 320MPa, extraction time 8min, obtain extracting solution II by 20 ~ 25 DEG C of temperature；
(5) coarse filtration: extracting solution II is separated by solid-liquid separation into lower discharging centrifuge, and separation parameter is feed time 15min, feeds
Number 1 time, disengaging time 8min, wash time 3min, washing times 2 times, dewatering time 8min, obtain filtrate II after separation；
(6) it mixes: filtrate II obtained by filtrate I obtained by step (3) and step (5) being mixed, mixed liquor is obtained；
(7) film filters: mixed liquor is filtered by film, obtains filtrate III；
(8) separating-purifying: filtrate III obtained by step (5) carries out the separation and Extraction of tea polyphenols, filler PA by column chromatography device
Type macroporous absorbent resin, 1.8 ~ 2BV/h of loading flow velocity, using 80% ethanol elution and collect the eluent of 3BV；
(9) dry: the eluent of step (8) being spray-dried, tea polyphenols powder, i.e. antioxidant finished product are finally obtained.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, comprising the following steps:
(1) it crushes: tealeaves leftover bits and pieces being removed into tea stalk, is crushed spare；
(2) primary to extract: extracting solution I to be obtained using ultrasonic extraction method, by tealeaves leftover bits and pieces smashed in step (1) and water
It mixes in proportion, is placed in ultrasonic extractor and is once extracted, when extraction conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1:20, are ultrasonic
Between 13min, ultrasonic power 24% ~ 25%；
(3) coarse filtration: after extracting solution I stands 3min in ultrasonic extractor, start discharging, can will be separated by solid-liquid separation, be filtered
Liquid I and filter residue；
(4) filter residue in step (3) second extraction: is subjected to second extraction using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method；By filter residue and water according to
Solid-liquid ratio 1:20 mixing, pours into and carries out ultra high pressure extraction in the container of ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine, and extraction conditions are to mention
Pressure power 350MPa, extraction time 10min, obtain extracting solution II by 20 ~ 25 DEG C of temperature；
(5) coarse filtration: extracting solution II is separated by solid-liquid separation into lower discharging centrifuge, and separation parameter is feed time 15min, feeds
Number 1 time, disengaging time 8min, wash time 3min, washing times 2 times, dewatering time 8min, obtain filtrate II after separation；
(6) it mixes: filtrate II obtained by filtrate I obtained by step (3) and step (5) being mixed, mixed liquor is obtained；
(7) film filters: mixed liquor is filtered by film, obtains filtrate III；
(8) separating-purifying: filtrate III obtained by step (5) carries out the separation and Extraction of tea polyphenols, filler PA by column chromatography device
Type macroporous absorbent resin, 1.8 ~ 2BV/h of loading flow velocity, using 80% ethanol elution and collect the eluent of 3BV；
(9) dry: the eluent of step (8) being spray-dried, tea polyphenols powder, i.e. antioxidant finished product are finally obtained.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.A kind of ultrasonic wave extraction applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process
Machine, including ultrasonic wave generating mechanism 1, cylinder 2, feed pipe 3, leakage fluid dram 4, ultrasonic wave generating mechanism 1 are installed on the outside of cylinder 2 and push up
Portion, and inside is extended to, feed pipe 3 is installed in 2 top of cylinder, and extends in cylinder 2, and leakage fluid dram 4 is opened in 2 bottom of cylinder
Portion is connected to a drain pipe 41, valve 42 is installed on drain pipe 41, further includes filter plate 5, and cylinder inboard wall has one around cylinder
The concave track 6 that inner wall is laid, filter plate 5 are movably embedded in concave track 6, and 2 side wall of cylinder has an opening 21, and mistake
The pull side of filter plate 5 is embedded in opening 21, and filter plate 5 is enable to pass through 21 pull of opening to 2 outside of cylinder, filter plate 5
Pull side be installed with sealing mechanism 7, enable the sealing mechanism 7 by be open 21 and filter plate 5 between clearance seal, cylinder 2
Top is also provided with a blow vent 22, and blow vent 22 is connected to a snorkel 23.
Referring to Fig.1.Ultrasonic wave generating mechanism 1 includes supersonic generator 11 and sonic tube 12,12 upper end of sonic tube and super
Sonic generator 11 connects, and lower end passes through to be extended in cylinder 2 at the top of cylinder 2.Sonic tube is filled for transmitting ultrasonic wave
Set generated ultrasonic wave.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4.Sealing mechanism 7 includes sealing ring 71, seal buckle 72, fastening plates 73, and fastening plates 73 pass through a spiral shell
Sealing ring 71 is located between 5 pull side of fastening plates 73 and filter plate by bar 74.
Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3.Filter plate 5 includes support frame 51 and filter cloth 52, and support frame 51 is rectangle structure, is filtered
The surrounding of cloth 52 is embedded in support frame 51,51 inside of support frame can be completely covered, 51 two sides of support frame have and concave rail
The cuboid protrusion 511 that road 6 matches, cuboid protrusion 511 and concave track 6 are all parallel with 5 pull direction of filter plate.
Referring to Fig.1.24 lateral profile of cylinder body bottom is rectangle, and the cylinder body bottom 24 is an arcuate structure.Cylinder bottom
Portion is set as arcuate structure, in discharging, filtrate will arcuately structure flow down, it is intracorporal residual in cylinder that filtrate can be reduced
It stays.
Referring to Fig. 2.There is an annular groove 53 in the pull side of filter plate 5, there is annular convex platform 741, screw rod 74 on screw rod 74
It is embedded in annular groove 53 by annular convex platform 741.Annular groove and annular convex platform are set, screw rod is enable to take out along filter plate
The direction activity of drawing, for filter plate during pull, under the interaction of annular convex platform and annular groove, filter plate can
Outside by pull to cylinder, while it can ensure that sealing ring is located in always between fastening plates and the pull side of filter plate；And it is close
Seal and fastening plates are under locked state, and sealing ring will be by fastening plates and filtering board clamping, and screw rod can be by intracorporal towards cylinder at this time
Direction pushes away, and annular groove is arranged, and capable of giving screw rod, there are enough activity spaces.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.The specific embodiment of ultrasonic extractor in the present invention are as follows:
1, the mixed liquor that tea grounds and water are formed is entered in cylinder by feed pipe, and mixed liquor height should reach sound wave length of tube
2/3 position；
2, extraction time and ultrasonic power are set, ultrasonic wave extraction is started；
3, after the completion of extracting, 3min is stood, sinks down into the tea grounds to suspend in mixed liquor on filter plate；
4, by the valve opening on drain pipe, start discharging, mixed liquor will be separated by solid-liquid separation at this time, and filtrate is arranged by drain pipe
Out；
5, after the completion of drain, filter plate is taken out, the tea grounds on filter plate is unloaded, carry out second extraction.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, all to utilize this
Design makes a non-material change to the present invention, and should all belong to behavior that violates the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces, which comprises the following steps:
(1) it crushes: tealeaves leftover bits and pieces being removed into tea stalk, is crushed spare；
(2) primary to extract: extracting solution I to be obtained using ultrasonic extraction method, by tealeaves leftover bits and pieces smashed in step (1) and water
It mixes in proportion, is placed in ultrasonic extractor and is once extracted, when extraction conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1:20, are ultrasonic
Between 13min, ultrasonic power 24% ~ 25%；
(3) coarse filtration: extracting solution I is separated by solid-liquid separation in ultrasonic extractor, and filtrate I and filter residue are obtained after separation；
(4) filter residue in step (3) second extraction: is subjected to second extraction using ultrahigh-pressure extraction method；By the filter residue and water
It is mixed according to solid-liquid ratio 1:20, pours into and carry out ultra high pressure extraction, extraction conditions in the container of ultrahigh-pressure cold isostatic pressing machine
To extract 300 ~ 350MPa of pressure, 6 ~ 10min of extraction time, extracting solution II is obtained；
(5) coarse filtration: extracting solution II is separated by solid-liquid separation into lower discharging centrifuge, and filtrate II is obtained after separation；
(6) it mixes: filtrate II obtained by filtrate I obtained by step (3) and step (5) being mixed, mixed liquor is obtained；
(7) film filters: mixed liquor is filtered by film, obtains filtrate III；
(8) separating-purifying: filtrate III obtained by step (5) carries out the separating-purifying of tea polyphenols by column chromatography device, is eluted
Liquid；
(9) dry: the eluent of step (8) being spray-dried, tea polyphenols powder, i.e. antioxidant finished product are finally obtained.
2. a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the super-pressure isostatic cool pressing
Machine is food type cold isostatic press, model HPP200-380.
3. a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: unloaded under in the step (5)
Material centrifuge is LGZ1250 type.
4. a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: unloaded under in the step (5)
The specifically used parameter for expecting centrifuge is feed time 15min, charging number 1 time, disengaging time 8min, wash time 3min,
Washing times 2 times, dewatering time 8min.
5. a kind of deep process of tealeaves leftover bits and pieces as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: selected in the step (8)
PA type macroporous absorbent resin carry out tea polyphenols separating-purifying, separation parameter be 1.8 ~ 2BV/h of loading flow velocity, using 80% second
Alcohol elutes and collects the eluent of 3BV.
6. a kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process, including ultrasonic wave generating mechanism, cylinder, into
Expects pipe, leakage fluid dram, the ultrasonic wave generating mechanism are installed in the cylinder outside top, and extend to inside, the feed pipe
It is installed at the top of the cylinder, and extends in the cylinder, the leakage fluid dram is opened in the cylinder body bottom, with a drain
Pipe is connected to, and is installed with valve on the drain pipe, it is characterised in that: further include filter plate, the cylinder inboard wall has one to be laid in
The concave track of the cylinder inboard wall two sides, the filter plate are movably embedded in the concave track,
The cylinder lateral wall has an opening, and the pull side of the filter plate is embedded in the opening, enables the filter plate
Enough pass through on the outside of the opening pull to the cylinder,
The pull side of the filter plate is installed with sealing mechanism, enables the sealing mechanism will be between the opening and the filter plate
Clearance seal,
It is also provided with a blow vent at the top of the cylinder, the blow vent is connected to a snorkel.
7. a kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The sealing mechanism includes sealing ring, seal buckle, fastening plates, and the sealing ring is located in institute by a screw rod by the fastening plates
It states between fastening plates and filter plate pull side.
8. a kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The filter plate includes support frame and filter cloth, and the support frame is rectangle structure,
The surrounding of the filter cloth is embedded in the support frame, can be completely covered on the inside of the support frame,
There are the cuboid protrusion to match with the concave track, the cuboid protrusion and the concave in the support frame two sides
Track is all parallel with filter plate pull direction.
9. a kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The cylinder body bottom lateral profile is rectangle, and the cylinder body bottom is an arcuate structure.
10. a kind of ultrasonic extractor applied to tealeaves leftover bits and pieces deep process as claimed in claim 7, feature exist
In: there is an annular groove in the pull side of the filter plate, there is annular convex platform on the screw rod, the screw rod passes through the annular
Boss is embedded in the annular groove.
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