Preparation method of lithium ion battery positive pole piece and positive pole piece
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion battery anode materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a lithium ion battery anode piece and the lithium ion battery anode piece.
Background
With the vigorous development of new energy industry in China, lithium ion batteries have become the first choice for battery systems of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage equipment due to the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and the like. In recent years, with the continuous development of the application market of lithium batteries, the requirements of clients on the performance of the lithium ion batteries are continuously improved, especially the requirements on the energy density of power cells are higher and higher, and under the same conditions, the high energy density can effectively increase the endurance mileage of vehicles, so that the energy density of the batteries is improved, and the development of power type lithium ion batteries is the current focus, so that the battery material becomes the key for restricting the performance.
In the manufacturing process of the battery cell, if the positive active substance slurry is directly coated on the optical aluminum foil, the contact resistance between the active substance material and the aluminum foil is larger, the dynamic performance is poor and the cycle life is poorer.
The invention patent CN 109546080A discloses a positive pole piece, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the positive pole piece comprises a current collector, and a first electrode material layer and a second electrode material layer which are sequentially arranged on one side of the current collector; the conducting agent in the first electrode material layer is a first conducting agent, the conducting agent in the second electrode material layer is a second conducting agent, wherein the conductivity of the first conducting agent is larger than that of the second conducting agent, the anode material is nickel cobalt lithium manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, and the aluminum foil with the nickel cobalt lithium manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate as an active material in the prior art does not need to be coated with a carbon layer, so that the anode slurry can be directly coated on the aluminum foil.
The invention patent CN 109004171 a discloses a positive electrode plate and a lithium ion battery, wherein the positive electrode plate comprises: the mass flow body, first active material layer and second active material layer, wherein, first active material layer sets up between mass flow body and second active material layer, and first active material layer and second active material layer all include the binder, and the binder content in the first active material layer is greater than the binder content in the second active material layer, have guaranteed lithium ion battery's energy density, play the purpose that promotes active material layer adhesion and improve lithium ion battery's drift bolt security performance again.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a lithium ion battery positive pole piece and the positive pole piece thereof. The invention cancels a carbon-coated aluminum foil, adopts the optical aluminum foil as a current collector, coats slurry consisting of a conductive agent with good conductivity, a binder and an active substance on the inner layer of each of the two side surfaces of the optical aluminum foil, and coats slurry consisting of the conductive agent without influencing ion transmission, the binder and the active substance on the outer layer, thereby improving the energy density of the cell and improving the dynamics and the cycle performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a positive pole piece of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving a positive electrode active substance, a binder and a first conductive agent in N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a mass ratio of (96-97): 2-3): 1, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a first positive electrode slurry, wherein the first conductive agent is one or more of CNT, graphene and VGCF;
s2, dissolving the positive electrode active substance, the binder and the second conductive agent in N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of (96-96.5): 2-2.5): 1.5, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain second positive electrode slurry, wherein the second conductive agent is one or a mixture of more of graphite, carbon black and acetylene black;
s3, uniformly coating the first positive electrode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two side faces of a smooth aluminum foil, drying, uniformly coating the second positive electrode slurry obtained in the step S2 on the outer side of the first positive electrode slurry, and drying to obtain a lithium ion battery positive electrode piece;
wherein the first conductive agent has a conductivity greater than that of the second conductive agent.
Further, the first conductive agent is one or a mixture of more of CNT, graphene and VGCF, and the second conductive agent is one or a mixture of more of graphite, carbon black and acetylene black.
Further, the solid content of the first positive electrode slurry and the solid content of the second positive electrode slurry are 45-55%.
Further, the positive electrode active material in step S1 is one or a mixture of two of lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese iron phosphate.
Further, the positive electrode active material in step S1 is lithium iron phosphate.
Further, the binder in step S1 is one or two of polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, the binder in step S1 is polyvinylidene fluoride.
Further, the coating weight of the first anode slurry is 0.3-20 g/cm2。
Further, the coating weight of the second anode slurry is 25-40 g/cm2。
According to the lithium ion battery positive pole piece prepared by the method, the positive pole piece comprises a smooth aluminum foil, a first positive pole slurry layer arranged on two side surfaces of the smooth aluminum foil and a second positive pole slurry layer arranged on the outer side of the first positive pole slurry layer.
The CNT is named as Carbon Nanotube in English, and the CNT is named as Carbon Nanotube in Chinese, has special electronic conductivity and is used as an electrode material conductive agent to prepare a lithium ion battery; VGCF is known as Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber in English and Chinese as a conductive agent for electrode materials.
The main process of the invention is to coat two layers of anode slurry on the surface of the optical aluminum foil, wherein the inner layer coating slurry adopts conductive agent with good conductivity, adhesive and active substance, so as to reduce the electronic contact impedance of the foil and the active substance; the outer coating slurry adopts a conductive agent, a binder and an active substance which do not influence ion transmission, and aims to reduce the ionic impedance of lithium ions transmitted between the active substances, have no potential resistance effect and have low cost.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the prior art, nickel cobalt lithium manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate is adopted as a positive electrode material, a binder and a conductive agent are added to prepare the positive electrode material, and the positive electrode material is coated in two layers, wherein the difference is that the conductivity of the conductive agent of a first electrode material layer is greater than that of the conductive agent of a second electrode material layer, but when the aluminum foil is coated by positive electrode slurry prepared from the nickel cobalt lithium manganate or the lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, the aluminum foil is not required to be coated with a carbon layer. The lithium manganese iron phosphate and the lithium iron phosphate are low in price, good in safety and longer in cycle life.
(2) The invention overcomes the technology of preparing the positive pole piece by adopting the carbon-coated aluminum foil in the prior art, adopts the optical aluminum foil as a current collector, coats slurry consisting of a conductive agent with good conductivity, a binder and an active substance on the inner layers of two side surfaces of the optical aluminum foil, reduces the electronic contact impedance of the foil and the active substance, cancels the carbon coating, adopts one or a mixture of more of CNT, graphene and VGCF as the inner layer conductive agent, increases the utilization rate of the active substance, increases the slurry consisting of the conductive agent which does not influence ion transmission, the binder and the active substance on the outer layer coating, adopts one or a mixture of more of graphite, carbon black and acetylene black as the conductive agent, reduces the ion impedance of lithium ions transmitted among the active substances, has no potential impedance effect and has lower cost.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
Step S1: lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a first conductive agent CNT are mixed according to the weight ratio of 97: 2: dissolving the mixture 1 in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent to obtain 50% solid content, and mixing and stirring to obtain the first positive electrode slurry.
Step S2: lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a second conductive agent graphite are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96.5: 2: and dissolving the mixture in a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 50%, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare second anode slurry.
Step S3: uniformly coating the first anode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two sides of a smooth aluminum foil, wherein the coating weight is 5g/cm2After drying, the second anode slurry obtained in the step S2 is uniformly coated on the outer side of the first anode slurry, and the coating weight is 33g/cm2And drying to prepare the lithium ion battery anode piece.
Example 2
Step S1: lithium iron phosphate, binder PVDF and first conductive agent CNT were mixed in a ratio of 96: 3: dissolving the mixture 1 in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent to obtain 45% solid content, and mixing and stirring to obtain the first positive electrode slurry.
Step S2: lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a second conductive agent graphite are mixed according to a ratio of 96: 2.5: and dissolving the mixture in a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 45%, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare second anode slurry.
Step S3: uniformly coating the first anode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two sides of a smooth aluminum foil, wherein the coating weight is 0.3g/cm2After drying, the second anode slurry obtained in the step S2 is uniformly coated on the outer side of the first anode slurry, and the coating weight is 25g/cm2And drying to prepare the lithium ion battery anode piece.
Example 3
Step S1: lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a first conductive agent VGCF are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96.5: 2.5: dissolving the mixture 1 in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent with solid content of 55%, and mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the first positive electrode slurry.
Step S2: lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a second conductive agent acetylene black are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96: 2.5: and dissolving the mixture in a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 55%, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare second anode slurry.
Step S3: uniformly coating the first anode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two side surfaces of a smooth aluminum foil, wherein the coating weight is20g/cm2After drying, the second anode slurry obtained in the step S2 is uniformly coated on the outer side of the first anode slurry, and the coating weight is 40g/cm2And drying to prepare the lithium ion battery anode piece.
Example 4
Step S1: mixing lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a mixture of a first conductive agent CNT and graphene according to a ratio of 97: 2: dissolving the mixture 1 in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent with solid content of 55%, and mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the first positive electrode slurry.
Step S2: mixing lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF, a second conductive agent graphite and carbon black according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: and dissolving the mixture in a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 55%, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare second anode slurry.
Step S3: uniformly coating the first anode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two sides of a smooth aluminum foil, wherein the coating weight is 5g/cm2After drying, the second anode slurry obtained in the step S2 is uniformly coated on the outer side of the first anode slurry, and the coating weight is 28g/cm2And drying to prepare the lithium ion battery anode piece.
Example 5
Step S1: mixing lithium iron phosphate, binder PVDF and a mixture of first conductive agents VGCF and graphene according to a ratio of 96: 3: dissolving the mixture 1 in N-methyl pyrrolidone as solvent to obtain 50% solid content, and mixing and stirring to obtain the first positive electrode slurry.
Step S2: mixing lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a mixture of a second conductive agent acetylene black and carbon black according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: and dissolving the mixture in a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 50%, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare second anode slurry.
Step S3: uniformly coating the first positive electrode slurry obtained in the step S1 on two side surfaces of a smooth aluminum foil, wherein the coating weight is 15g/cm2After drying, the second anode slurry obtained in the step S2 is uniformly coated on the outer side of the first anode slurry, and the coating weight is 36g/cm2And drying to prepare the lithium ion battery anode piece.
The positive electrode sheets prepared in examples 1-5 were rolled, die cut, and laminated to produce 7688190model pouch cells.
Comparative example 1
Lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a conductive agent SP are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96.5: 2: dissolving the mixture in N-methyl pyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 50%, mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly to prepare anode slurry, uniformly coating the anode slurry on a smooth aluminum foil, and drying the aluminum foil to prepare an anode piece, wherein the coating weight is 33g/cm2And rolling, die cutting and laminating are carried out to manufacture 7688190model flexible package batteries.
Comparative example 2
Lithium iron phosphate, a binder PVDF and a conductive agent SP are mixed according to the weight ratio of 96.5: 2: dissolving the mixture in N-methyl pyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1.5, wherein the solid content is 50%, uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare anode slurry, uniformly coating the anode slurry on a carbon-coated aluminum foil, and drying to prepare an anode piece, wherein the coating weight is 33g/cm2And rolling, die cutting and laminating are carried out to manufacture 7688190model flexible package batteries.
The performance of the pouch batteries prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were compared, and the results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table, examples 1-5 of the present invention have the characteristic that the energy density of the pouch cells prepared by the examples of the present invention is 2Wh/Kg higher than that of the current carbon-coated aluminum foil coating design (comparative example 2) as compared with comparative examples 1-2. Compared with the conventional optical foil coating design (comparative example 1), the internal resistance and the normal-temperature cycle performance of the cell are obviously improved, and are closer to those of the existing carbon-coated aluminum foil coating design (comparative example 2).
The positive pole piece prepared by the invention cancels the carbon-coated aluminum foil, directly utilizes the aluminum foil as a current collector, and adopts a double-layer coating technology, thereby not only increasing the energy density of the battery cell, but also improving the dynamics and the cycle performance of the battery cell.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.