CN110070266A - A kind of method and system of the failure major issue of power grid cascading for identification - Google Patents
A kind of method and system of the failure major issue of power grid cascading for identification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and system of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, belong to power system security technical field.The method of the present invention includes: that 1.1 utilization power grid real-time status tracking techniques obtain operation of power networks state；1.2 screen anticipation event set according to pre-set level；The risk elements that 1.3 selection forecast failures are concentrated, it is risk element is out of service and verify；1.4 carry out Load flow calculation for the whole network, obtain calculated result, risk element is cut off if calculated result does not restrain, and excision risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；1.5 when determining power grid is there is no overload or already off 3 overloads route, and the consequence index of acquisition anticipation event is overloaded and do not disconnected 3 overload routes when determining that power grid exists, overload element disconnection is classified as junior's event, into 1.4；Major issue is determined according to major issue evaluation index.The present invention enables the major issue of power grid cascading failure to be identified in advance, for recognition result and takes corresponding prevention and control measure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system security technical fields, and more particularly, to a kind of power grid cascading for identification
The method and system of failure major issue.
Background technique
Electric power system fault from specific composition and its between correlation analyze, can be divided into single failure and it is multiple therefore
Barrier.Multiple failure can be divided into mass-sending failure, successive failure and cascading failure again.Wherein mass-sending failure is referred to due to areal
Meteorology and geological conditions it is similar, external extreme condition often involves numerous branches and equipment and causes group failure and big face
Product has a power failure, such as natural calamity；After successive failure refers to previous failure, the case where system mode is not yet adjusted to stable state
Under, and the failure scenario newly disturbed；Cascading failure can be considered as one of successive failure, that is, the successive failure occurred it
Between there are specific causality, previous failure changes system mode, to trigger the generation of next failure, such as:
The malfunction and misaction of thermostabilization caused by power flow transfer, angle stability or voltage stabilization, relay protection or system protection device are drawn
Other equipment malfunction risen etc..
Although the continuous investment of the various monitoring of power grid, protection equipment, the raising and specification of management and running level, isolated event
Barrier will not generally directly result in having a power failure on a large scale for contemporary electric system, but often one not catastrophe failure may by it is non-linear because
Element amplification repeatedly and involve a wide range of power grid.There is Complex System Theory research shows that the elimination to system small sample perturbations is instead
The development of the following crash has accumulated energy, and power failure incident can not be absolutely avoided theoretically.Summarize it is historical several times
Power failure incident, cascading failure show as following features:
The probability of generation is very low but caused consequence is very serious；
Failure cause often with its caused secondary failure immixture, causes complicated multiplicity simultaneously within the not long period
Out-of-limit, unstability, low pressure, protection act frequent movement, frequency fluctuation, the situations such as off-the-line, lead to large-area power-cuts later；
Cascading failure process is cut-off in succession by a series of alternate equipment of speeds to be formed, in general, in " system operation money
The stages such as source anxiety " and " power flow transfer causes low pressure, overload, frequency displacement ", there are controllabilitys；
The movement of unit, route protection and power grid automatic device is to influence the key factor of cascading failure development process；
Severe meteorologic factor is the major incentive for leading to cascading failure and then power failure incident occurring.
The theoretical system of power grid cascading accident analysis at present can be summarized as two kinds from method, first is that by with trend/stabilization
Computer sim- ulation solves, and belongs to reductionism scope, such as OPA, CASCADE etc.；Second is that electric system is abstracted as complication system, lead to
Complex System Theory is crossed to understand and analyze, such as worldlet, Self-Organized Critical Theory.In general, theoretical tool helps
In the understanding of the substantive characteristics to cascading failure in power system, can be used for that systems organization, development and weak link is instructed to find, but
For management and running, support is poor in terms of especially online defence policies.Therefore at this stage, research is set for electric system
Standby and Control protection system establishes the model of appropriate degree of approximation, by the computing technique of rapid development, is based on reasonable accuracy, opens
It opens up and the whole process simulation of power operating state is calculated, to realize to cascading failure on-line analysis, and establish defence policies not
Losing is a kind of feasible thinking.Currently, in national grid state, net, saving scheduling institutions at different levels, the mature power grid run is dynamically online
The analytical calculation to the various single type failures of 50,000 node power grids may be implemented in analysis and early warning and system of defense.This is chain
The researching and designing of on-line analysis and system of defense, which provides, can follow thinking and referential solution.
The occurrence risk and development form of cascading failure in power system under the form of alternating current-direct current mixed connection at present, depend not only upon
The reliability state of the important power system device element of partial electric grid, and also rely on space bit locating for system operating point
It sets.Primary equipment element, especially the key equipment such as reliability of generator, transformer and alternating current circuit are from microcosmic upper shadow
Ring the range and form of source hair failure；And the system mode under different load, environment and the method for operation influences to connect on the whole
Lock form and value-at-risk that failure occurs.The two is together constituted divides online towards uncertain factor random simulation cascading failure
The basis of analysis.Different from single type failure, cascading failure is analyzed to the self informations such as first and second equipment and weather data etc.
The acquisition of environmental information proposes integration requirement, therefore need to study and establish on-line system and multiple information sources data-interface mode, with
And the on-line system data framework based on multiple information sources data.Electric system safety on line analysis system has one at present
The power grid of N branch, static security, which is stablized, under normal conditions needs to handle N-1 failure (or for the fewer of common-tower double-return
The N-2 of amount), N transient fault analysis, and cascading failure theoretically needs all to scan and processing 2NFailure.Although can be with
It may be implemented to sample by algorithms of different, but the calculation amount after sampling still remains challenge to existing equipment, therefore connects online
Lock accident analysis proposes research and application demand to large-scale parallel computing.
Cascading failure analysis and the development & construction of system of defense are one long-term complicated system engineerings, and system itself is related to
It is wide, cover the theory and technology in multidisciplinary, multi-specialized field, including cascading failure in power system simulation analysis, operation of power networks
The new technology in the fields such as control, wide area phasor measurement and parallel computation.Also to comprehensively consider in System Development construction to existing
Have resource make full use of and organic integration, including at present existing EMS, wide area measurement system, relay protection and fault
Information management system, automated security control system, offline stability analysis software for calculation and parallel computing platform etc..
In Operation of Electric Systems, the factor of cascading failure event is caused to be probably derived from system equipment element, power grid fortune
The many aspects such as line mode, load level, weather condition.Multiple systems such as existing EMS, SCADA, WAMS, OMS, weather information
System provides the presence tracking data of substantial amounts for power grid.The system of research large power grid cascading failure lacks effective at present
Analysis means cannot make full use of with data such as operations of power networks, management caused by upper mounting plate, realize to the online of electric network state
Assessment and prediction provide strong calculating analysis support work for the event recognition of cascading failure, failure defense.
Foreign countries have been developed that the cascading failure analysis and defence policies with their own characteristics towards EMS high level application on site at present
Tool.It mainly include including the exploitation of French transmission of electricity company, in the ASSESS system of two countries, Great Britain and France application, Commonwealth
Associates company develops, in the CAT system of southern US power grid application, and the exploitation of U.S.'s DianKeYuan, in North America, several ISO are answered
The POM-PCM software of cascading failure analysis module and the exploitation of V&R energy resource system research company in TRELSS.
Foreign countries are typically based on the analysis of online or off-line simulation to simulate the development path of cascading failure, by Load flow calculation and
The development situation of heat-stable entertoxin cascading failure, function is more single, towards basic application.It can be automatically or manually implemented big
The accident analysis (N-1, N-1-1, N-2, N-3 or more weight) of scale systems, can calculate voltage stability limit, can quickly identify just
Beginning event and automatic identification cascading failure chain.For primary event, there is the method based on " set ", identifies N-1 or N-2 event
Barrier, or the error listing given based on user.
The domestic auspicious stable company in south East China branch center be once based on OPEN3000 platform development N-K forecast failure generate with
Safety and stability scans early warning application, and in Jiangxi Province, tune develops the cascading failure in-circuit emulation function under Impact of Typhoon Disaster；Lake
Nan Sheng tune has carried out N-2 fault scanning study of warning in IIIth area of D5000 system.
It is domestic at present cascading failure is online or off-line analysis systematic research is still in infancy with construction, although depositing
There is portioned product to put into production system, but dispatching of power netwoks real-time online wouldn't be able to satisfy or needs that mode calculates.
It is domestic at present cascading failure is online or off-line analysis systematic research is still in infancy with construction, although depositing
There is portioned product to put into production system, but dispatching of power netwoks real-time online wouldn't be able to satisfy or needs that mode calculates.
Therefore in general, both at home and abroad for the method and system of large scale electric network cascading failure analysis, in primary event
In identification, perhaps based on mathematical method or be based on experience predetermined failure collection, lack for actual physical device fault state come
Identify cascading failure event；It is general only to consider that EMS or SCADA real-time online data and offline mode calculate in data source
Data less consider to actually result in a secondary device status information of power grid cascading failure generation, WAMS, Weather information etc.；Function
It on energy, is generally basede on heat-stable entertoxin and carrys out analogue system cascading failure development path, there is certain application value, but lack extensive
Calculating means and mode carry out quick analysis.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of methods of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification regarding to the issue above, comprising:
1.1 obtain operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique；
1.2 screen anticipation event set according to pre-set level；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
The risk elements that 1.3 selection forecast failures are concentrated, it is risk element is out of service and verify；
1.4 carry out Load flow calculation for the whole network, obtain calculated result, risk element is cut off if calculated result does not restrain,
Excision risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
1.5 are not present overload or already off 3 overloads route when determining power grid, obtain the consequence index of anticipation event,
3 overload routes are overloaded and do not disconnected when determining that power grid exists, overload element disconnection are classified as junior's event, into 1.4；
1.6 judge whether risk element is verified, true according to major issue evaluation index when risk element testing finishes
Major issue is determined, when risk element is not verified, into 1.3.
Optionally, electric network state is tracked as the status tracking of Unscented kalman filtering.
Optionally, pre-set level include: grid equipment operation risk index, electric network composition significance level index and power grid with
Track power flow transfer index.
The present invention also provides a kind of systems of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, comprising:
Tracking module obtains operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique；
Screening module screens anticipation event set according to pre-set level；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
Correction verification module, the risk element for selecting forecast failure to concentrate are out of service by risk element and verify；
Module is cut off, time focused overload element is envisioned for power grid and junior's event carries out Load flow calculation, obtain and calculate
As a result, cutting off risk element if calculated result does not restrain, excision risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
First judgment module, when determining power grid, there is no overload or already off 3 overloads routes, obtain anticipation event
3 overload routes are overloaded and do not disconnected to consequence index when determining that power grid exists, and overload element disconnection is classified as junior's event；
Second judgment module, judges whether risk element is verified, when risk element testing finishes, according to major issue
Evaluation index determines major issue.
Optionally, electric network state is tracked as the status tracking of Unscented kalman filtering.
Optionally, pre-set level include: grid equipment operation risk index, electric network composition significance level index and power grid with
Track power flow transfer index.
Early stage power grid cascading failure occurs, the major issue for triggering cascading failure can be identified the present invention in advance, needle
To recognition result and corresponding prevention and control measure is taken, the development of cascading failure would be possible to effectively be blocked, and also can have a power failure on a large scale
It enough avoids occurring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of system construction drawing of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are introduced referring now to the drawings, however, the present invention can use many different shapes
Formula is implemented, and is not limited to the embodiment described herein, and to provide these embodiments be at large and fully disclose
The present invention, and the scope of the present invention is sufficiently conveyed to person of ordinary skill in the field.Show for what is be illustrated in the accompanying drawings
Term in example property embodiment is not limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings, identical cells/elements use identical attached
Icon note.
Unless otherwise indicated, term (including scientific and technical terminology) used herein has person of ordinary skill in the field
It is common to understand meaning.Further it will be understood that with the term that usually used dictionary limits, should be understood as and its
The context of related fields has consistent meaning, and is not construed as Utopian or too formal meaning.
The major issue of driving cascading failure refers to the big interference that electric system is subjected under some operating status, it causes
Power flow transfer cause multiple equipment to overload stoppage in transit in succession, so that system is cannot keep normal operating condition, eventually lead to and have a power failure on a large scale
Generation.For this purpose, the consequence according to caused by anticipation event, evaluates major issue using following index, it will be due to chain
It is major issue that overload, which loses parts number greater than 3 and causes the event statistics of load loss,.
Lose element index:
In formula, NlossIt indicates to lead to the quantity for finally losing element, Δ N by trigger eventiIndicate that i-stage failure phase loses
The number of elements gone.
Lose load index:
In formula, PlossExpression is caused finally to lose load, Δ P by trigger eventiIndicate that i-stage failure phase loses load.
In general, it includes following state that slowly development-oriented cascading failure in power system, which is generated with development process:
1) original state: before cascading failure occurs, system is generally in normal operating condition or the fragility there are risk
State.At this point, system can satisfy workload demand but there may be certain operation risk, for example, high temperature, typhoon or other
Potential risk etc..
2) state of development: system causes system to be in abnormal fortune since some trigger event loses partial electric equipment
Row state.Period due to overload or protection act, and with extensive power flow transfer, causes more multicomponent to be stopped transport in succession.
3) collapse conditions: cascading failure latter stage, a large amount of elements exit in a short time, and system occurs off-the-line or loses steady
It is fixed, finally have a power failure on a large scale.
If the major issue for triggering cascading failure can be identified and be taken in advance early stage cascading failure occurs
Corresponding prevention and control measure, the development of cascading failure would be possible to effectively be blocked, have a power failure on a large scale and also can be avoided generation.
The major issue of driving cascading failure refers to the big interference that electric system is subjected under some operating status, it causes
Power flow transfer cause multiple equipment to overload stoppage in transit in succession, so that system is cannot keep normal operating condition, eventually lead to and have a power failure on a large scale
Generation.For this purpose, the consequence according to caused by anticipation event, evaluates major issue using following index, it will be due to chain
It is major issue that overload, which loses parts number greater than 3 and causes the event statistics of load loss,.
The present invention provides a kind of methods of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
1.1 obtain operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique, and electric network state is tracked as Unscented kalman
The status tracking of filtering；
1.2 envision event set according to grid equipment risk assessment index, power grid betweenness index and power flow transfer index screening；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
The risk elements that 1.3 selection forecast failures are concentrated, it is risk element is out of service and verify；
1.4 carry out Load flow calculation for the whole network, obtain calculated result, risk element is cut off if calculated result does not restrain,
Excision risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
1.5 are not present overload or already off 3 overloads route when determining power grid, obtain the consequence index of anticipation event,
3 overload routes are overloaded and do not disconnected when determining that power grid exists, overload element disconnection are classified as junior's event, into 1.4；
1.6 judge whether risk element is verified, true according to major issue evaluation index when risk element testing finishes
Major issue is determined, when risk element is not verified, into 1.3.
The present invention also provides a kind of systems 200 of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, comprising:
Tracking module 201 obtains operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique, and electric network state is tracked as nothing
The status tracking of mark Kalman filtering；
Screening module 202, it is pre- according to grid equipment risk assessment index, power grid betweenness index and power flow transfer index screening
Think event set；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
Correction verification module 203, the risk element for selecting forecast failure to concentrate are out of service by risk element and verify；
Module 204 is cut off, time focused overload element is envisioned for power grid and junior's event carries out Load flow calculation, obtain meter
It calculates as a result, cut off risk element if calculated result does not restrain, excision risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
First judgment module 205, when determining power grid, there is no overload or already off 3 overloads routes, obtain anticipation thing
3 overload routes are overloaded and do not disconnected to the consequence index of part when determining that power grid exists, and overload element disconnection is classified as junior's thing
Part；
Second judgment module 206, judges whether risk element is verified, when risk element testing finishes, according to big
Event evaluation index determines major issue.
Early stage power grid cascading failure occurs, the major issue for triggering cascading failure can be identified the present invention in advance, needle
To recognition result and corresponding prevention and control measure is taken, the development of cascading failure would be possible to effectively be blocked, and also can have a power failure on a large scale
It enough avoids occurring.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, the method include:
1.1 obtain operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique；
1.2 screen anticipation event set according to pre-set level；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
The risk elements that 1.3 selection forecast failures are concentrated, it is risk element is out of service and verify；
1.4 carry out Load flow calculation for the whole network, obtain calculated result, risk element is cut off if calculated result does not restrain, will be cut
Except risk element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
1.5 when there is no overload or already off 3 overloads route, the consequence indexs of acquisition anticipation event, when true for determining power grid
Determine power grid to there is overload and do not disconnect 3 overload routes, overload element disconnection is classified as junior's event, into 1.4；
1.6 judge whether risk element is verified, and when risk element testing finishes, are determined according to major issue evaluation index big
Event, when risk element is not verified, into 1.3.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, the electric network state is tracked as the status tracking of Unscented kalman filtering.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, the pre-set level includes: grid equipment operation risk index, power grid knot
Structure significance level index and grid following power flow transfer index.
4. a kind of system of power grid cascading failure major issue for identification, the system include:
Tracking module obtains operation of power networks state using power grid real-time status tracking technique；
Screening module screens anticipation event set according to pre-set level；
The anticipation event set, comprising: risk element and overload element；
Correction verification module, the risk element for selecting forecast failure to concentrate is out of service by risk element and verify, and will cut off wind
Dangerous element fault is classified as major issue to be assessed；
Module is cut off, time focused overload element is envisioned for power grid and junior's event carries out Load flow calculation, obtain calculated result,
Risk element is cut off if calculated result does not restrain；
First judgment module, when determining power grid, there is no overload or already off 3 overloads routes, obtain the consequence of anticipation event
3 overload routes are overloaded and do not disconnected to index when determining that power grid exists, and overload element disconnection is classified as junior's event；
Second judgment module, judges whether risk element is verified, and when risk element testing finishes, is evaluated according to major issue
Index determines major issue.
5. system according to claim 4, the electric network state is tracked as the status tracking of Unscented kalman filtering.
6. system according to claim 4, the pre-set level includes: grid equipment operation risk index, power grid knot
Structure significance level index and grid following power flow transfer index.
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| CN112736878A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-04-30 | 国电南瑞南京控制***有限公司 | Power grid cascading failure warning method and system |
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