CN110066972A - A kind of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material and preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material and preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN110066972A
CN110066972A CN201910329728.1A CN201910329728A CN110066972A CN 110066972 A CN110066972 A CN 110066972A CN 201910329728 A CN201910329728 A CN 201910329728A CN 110066972 A CN110066972 A CN 110066972A
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composite material
carbon fiber
carbon
precast body
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CN110066972B (en
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李翠艳
王鹏
马媛月
欧阳海波
刘雪
许钊
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/20—Details of contact bow
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
    • C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments

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Abstract

It is provided by the present invention a kind of to prepare C/C-Ni-Cu composite material and preparation method and application, this method is using chopped carbon fiber as skeleton, it is reacted using microwave hydrothermal in carbon fiber surface deposited carbon layer, glucose is carbon source, Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate is nickel source, using urea as precipitating reagent, C, NiO particle are deposited in carbon fiber precast body using hydrothermal technique.The C/C-NiO composite material of hydrothermal deposition is sintered using vacuum carbothermal reduction reaction, obtains C/C-Ni composite material, and realize the catalyzed graphitization of matrix carbon.The infinitely dissolve characteristic for recycling Ni and Cu seeps copper technology using melting and prepares C/C-Ni-Cu composite material, obtains the C/C-Ni-Cu composite material with excellent properties.

Description

A kind of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material and preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to nanocomposite preparation technical field, it is related to a kind of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material and its preparation Methods and applications.
Background technique
With rapid development of economy and the national investment energetically to railway systems, high-speed rail has obtained development at full speed, at For the essential important composition of Railway Transport Industry.Pantograph pan is the soul component of high-speed rail electric locomotive, it will transmission of electricity Online electric current is transferred to locomotive power supply system, and electric locomotive is maintained to operate normally.Pantograph pan in the quick operation of high-speed rail The high-speed slide friction of the operating current, 300Km/h of 150000A and the scaling loss of offline electric arc are withstood up to, is chronically exposed to certainly It works under right environment, service condition is harsh.In order to guarantee that the fast and safely operation of high-speed rail also proposed Material for Pantograph Slide Requirements at the higher level, it would be highly desirable to which exploitation has satisfactory electrical conductivity, wearability, and to small with Accessory injury, shock resistance is excellent, environmental suitability Good sliding conduction material.
C/C-Cu composite material combine C/C composite material low-density, high specific strength, excellent tribological property and by Concern, becomes one of the candidate material of great potential of high-speed rail pantograph pan.However, the wetability of copper and carbon is very poor, The angle of wetting of copper and carbon is close to 170 ° at 1200 DEG C.Diffusion coefficient of the carbon in copper is almost nil, and chemistry does not occur for carbon and copper Reaction, does not form any carbide yet, becomes the bottleneck of C/Cu composite property promotion.
In addition, the preparation of porous C/C-Cu composite material mostly uses the mode of chemical vapor deposition to realize, matrix carbon Degree of graphitization is not high.The carbon material of low degree of graphitization is unfavorable for the promotion of conductivity, friction and wear behavior, and it is multiple to constrain C/C-Cu The further promotion of condensation material performance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of C/C-Ni-Cu is compound Material and its preparation method and application improves the wetability of C/C-Cu composite material, meanwhile, realize the catalysis stone of matrix carbon Mo Hua can be used as Material for Pantograph Slide in high-speed rail.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material, comprising the following steps:
1) carbon source is soluble in water, it is configured to carbon source solution；Nickel source is soluble in water, and urea mixing is added, obtain nickel Source solution；
2) carbon fiber precast body is immersed in carbon source solution, carries out hydro-thermal reaction, obtains carbon fiber precast body A；
3) carbon fiber precast body A is immersed in nickel source solution, carries out vacuumize process, obtains carbon fiber precast body B；Carbon Fiber preform B is placed in solvent, carries out solvent thermal reaction, and product is dry, obtains carbon fiber precast body C；
4) carbon fiber precast body C is subjected to high temperature cabonization, obtains C/C-Ni composite material；
5) C/C-Ni composite material is seeped into copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Preferably, in step 1), carbon source is glucose or sucrose, and carbon source concentration is 250~400g/L in carbon source solution.
Preferably, in step 1), nickel source is Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate, and the molar ratio of nickel source and urea is (0.8~1): 1.
Preferably, in step 2), hydro-thermal reaction carries out in microwave reactor, and 160-200 DEG C of reaction temperature, when reaction Between 2~3h.
Preferably, in step 3), solvent thermal reaction carries out in microwave reactor, and 160-200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction 2~3h of time.
Preferably, in step 3), solvent is edible oil.
Preferably, in step 4), step 3) and step 4) are repeated, until C/C-Ni composite density reaches 0.8- 1.2g/cm3。
Preferably, in step 4), high temperature cabonization is specifically: the 800-1000 DEG C of calcining 1-2h under protective atmosphere.
The C/C-Ni-Cu composite material being prepared using the preparation method.
Application of the C/C-Ni-Cu composite material as Material for Pantograph Slide in high-speed rail.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The present invention, as skeleton, is carried out hydro-thermal reaction with carbon source, may be implemented under subcritical water heat condition with carbon fiber The densification of carbon/carbon compound material, further loads Ni, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.On the one hand, have using Ni and Cu There is the characteristic of infinitely dissolve to improve the wetability and interface cohesion of C/C-Cu composite material, and compound by interface optimising and adjustment The performance of material.On the other hand, there is the characteristic of catalyzed graphitization using Ni to improve the graphitization of C/C matrices of composite material carbon Degree, while preparing C/C-Cu composite material, realizes the catalyzed graphitization of matrix carbon, effectively improves the electricity of composite material Conductance, it can be achieved that C/C-Cu composite property further promotion.By hydrothermal technique, C and NiO is deposited on carbon fiber simultaneously Dimension table face recycles carbon thermal reduction to prepare C/C-Ni composite material, realizes Dispersed precipitate of the Ni in carbon base body, improve Ni Catalyzed graphitization efficiency；The Ni particle of Dispersed precipitate is more favorable to melting leaching of the Cu inside C/C-Ni composite body It seeps, promotes the performance and interface cohesion of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.C/C-Ni-Cu composite material can involved in the present invention Wetability and the excellent C/Cu system of interfacial bonding property, high compactness, high graphitization journey are obtained with simple, high efficiency and low cost Degree is so that composite material has good electric conductivity, wearability and excellent shock resistance.
Further, nickel source and the control of the ratio of urea can guarantee suitable alkaline condition, utilize in suitable range The reaction of nickel.
Further, solvent is edible oil, and one side solvent can reuse, and on the other hand, utilizes the environment of oil bath So that it is multiple more rapidly to obtain target while composite inner carries out, and saves raw material as far as possible in hydro-thermal reaction Condensation material.
Further, step 3) and step 4) are repeated, until C/C-Ni density reaches 0.8-1.2g/cm3.With common change Compare, and can form uniform metal oxide particle distribution in the inside of composite material.
C/C-Ni-Cu composite material wetability prepared by the present invention and interfacial combined function are excellent, have high compactness and High graphitization degree so that composite material have good electric conductivity, wearability and excellent shock resistance, can be used as by Pantograph slider material is applied to high-speed rail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is surface scan Electronic Speculum (SEM) photo of C/C-Ni composite material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 5；
Fig. 2 is the EDS energy spectrum diagram of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Fig. 3 is the Raman spectrogram of C/C-Ni composite material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1,3 and 5；(a) under different densities Composite material Raman figure；(b) data Fitting Analysis ID/IG line chart is carried out.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and It is not to limit.
The preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) biomass carbon source is soluble in water, it is configured to the carbon source solution that concentration is 250~400g/L；
2) chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution are put into water heating kettle and are reacted in microwave reactor, reaction temperature 160-200 DEG C, 2~3h of reaction time, cooled to room temperature, takes out carbon fiber precast body and is dried in vacuo after reaction Processing, obtains carbon fiber precast body A；
3) nickel source is soluble in water, and urea mixing is added, obtain nickel source solution；
4) nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body A are put into beaker, are impregnated 12 hours, carried out vacuumize process, obtain carbon Fiber preform B；It takes out carbon fiber precast body B to be put into water heating kettle, solvent is made with edible oil, be put into microwave reactor anti- It answers, 160-200 DEG C of reaction temperature, 2~3h of reaction time, after reaction cooled to room temperature, takes out in a conventional oven It is dried, polishing obtains sample；
5) by sample place crucible in, after crucible is put into high temperature process furnances, 800-1000 DEG C under an argon atmosphere Carry out reaction 1-2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
6) step 4) and step 5) are repeated, until C/C-Ni composite density reaches 0.8-1.2g/cm3；
7) C/C-Ni composite material obtained by step 6) is seeped into copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Biomass carbon source is glucose or sucrose in the step 1).
Chopped carbon fiber precast body is carbon felt in the step 2).
Nickel source and the molar ratio of urea are (0.8~1) in the step 3): 1.
Edible oil is reusable in the step 4), is totally submerged sample.
Prepared composite material has good porosity in the step 5).
The step 7) carries out in vacuum hotpressing stove (1600 DEG C), and it is purity 99% that the copper seeping agent that copper uses is seeped in melting Copper powder and titanium valve are uniformly mixed to get by 9:1.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 300g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 200 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 3h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.8: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 2h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 1000 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 0.8g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
The material density of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material obtained by the present embodiment is 3.4087g/cm3, porosity 50%.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 300g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 200 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 3h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.8: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 2h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 1000 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 0.9g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Expect that density is 3.7357g/cm in C/C-Ni-Cu composite material obtained by the present embodiment3, porosity 41%.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 300g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 200 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 2h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.9: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 2h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 1000 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 1.0g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Expect that density is 3.5636g/cm in C/C-Ni-Cu composite material obtained by the present embodiment3, porosity 44%.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 350g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution are put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, Reaction 3h is carried out at 200 DEG C, then cooled to room temperature, obtain the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.9: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 2h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 1000 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 1.1g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Expect that density is 3.9243g/cm in C/C-Ni-Cu composite material obtained by the present embodiment3, porosity 32%.
Embodiment 5:
Step 1: choosing chopped carbon fiber precast body carbon felt as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 300g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 200 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 3h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=1: 1 nickel source solution； Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out carbon fiber precast body It is put into water heating kettle, solvent is made with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 3h, instead Cooled to room temperature after answering, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 1000 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 1.2g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Embodiment 6:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 250g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 160 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 2h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.8: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 160 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 1h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 800 DEG C carry out reaction 1h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 4 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Embodiment 7:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 400g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 170 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 2h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=0.9: 1 nickel source is molten Liquid；Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out prefabricated carbon fiber Body is put into water heating kettle, is made solvent with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, and 200 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 2h, Cooled to room temperature after reaction, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 850 DEG C carry out reaction 2h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 1.1g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Embodiment 8:
Step 1: choosing carbon felt is chopped carbon fiber precast body as skeleton；Using glucose as carbon source, compound concentration is The glucose solution of 300g/L；
Step 2: chopped carbon fiber precast body and carbon source solution being put into water heating kettle and reacted in microwave reactor, is reacted 180 DEG C of temperature, reaction time 3h, then cooled to room temperature, obtains the high carbon fiber precast body of consistency after dry；
Step 3: nickel source and urea being mixed according to the molar ratio of setting, prepare nickel source: urea=1: 1 nickel source solution； Nickel source solution, carbon fiber precast body are put into beaker, impregnated 12 hours, vacuumize process is carried out；Take out carbon fiber precast body It is put into water heating kettle, solvent is made with edible oil, is put into microwave reactor and reacts, 180 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction time 1h, instead Cooled to room temperature after answering, taking-up are dried in a conventional oven, and polishing obtains sample；
Step 4: obtained sample is placed in crucible, after crucible is put into the middle part of high temperature process furnances under an argon atmosphere 900 DEG C carry out reaction 1.5h, after cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain C/C-Ni composite material；
Step 5: step 3 and step 4 are repeated, until resulting C/C-Ni composite density is 0.9g/cm3；
Step 6: step 5 gained C/C-Ni composite material seeps copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
Expect that density is 4.1473g/cm in C/C-Ni-Cu composite material obtained by the present embodiment3, porosity 38%.
For metal-impregnated carbon pantograph pan, common composite density is in 3g/cm-3Left and right.Porosity explanation The densification degree problem of material, porosity is higher, and densification degree is lower, and opposite porosity is lower, and densification degree is higher.This The composite density of preparation is invented in 3g/cm-3More than, porosity is 50% hereinafter, explanation is prepared by the present invention compound Material has high compactness.
Fig. 1 is the SEM shape appearance figure that 5 step 2 of embodiment carries out sedimentary organism matter carbon, it can be seen that equal on the surface of carbon fiber It is even to deposited one layer of carbon, about 1-3 μm of thickness.
Fig. 2 is the EDS energy spectrum diagram of the final composite material of embodiment 5, it can be seen that has prepared C/C-Ni-Cu composite wood Material.
Fig. 3 is the Raman spectrogram for the C/C-Ni composite material that embodiment 1,3 and 5 carries out hydro-thermal co-deposition.Wherein (a) is The C/C-Ni composite material Raman figure of embodiment 1,3 and 5, embodiment 1,3 and 5 composite densities are respectively 0.8g/cm3、 1.0g/cm3、1.2g/cm3；(b) data Fitting Analysis I is carried outD/IGLine chart, in general ID/IGIt is worth smaller, illustrates material Degree of graphitization is higher, can prove to increase with the increase i.e. raising of nickel content of density, the degree of graphitization of composite material. High compactness, high graphitization make composite material have good electric conductivity.
C/C-Ni-Cu composite material prepared by the present invention at least has following advantages: the present invention chooses chopped carbon fiber Nano-scale carbon microballoon is introduced carbon fiber precast body as skeleton, using microwave-hydrothermal method by prefabricated component, provides not only reaction institute Carbon source is needed, and bonds carbon fiber mutually, effectively improves the resistance to compression and bending strength of carbon fiber precast body skeleton；In hydro-thermal carbon In change technology, C and NiO is deposited on carbon fiber surface simultaneously, recycles carbon thermal reduction to prepare C/C-Ni composite material, realizes Dispersed precipitate of the Ni in carbon base body improves the catalyzed graphitization efficiency of Ni；The Ni particle of Dispersed precipitate is more favorable to Cu Melting infiltration inside C/C-Ni composite body, Ni can be with copper infinitely dissolve, Ke Yiyou as an alloying element The wetability at the improvement interface Cu/C of effect, promotes the performance and interface cohesion of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.It is involved in the present invention C/C-Ni-Cu composite material can simple, high efficiency and low cost obtain wetability and the excellent C/Cu body of interfacial bonding property System, high compactness, high graphitization degree make C/C-Ni-Cu composite material have good electric conductivity, wearability and excellent Shock resistance.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material, which comprises the following steps:
1) carbon source is soluble in water, it is configured to carbon source solution；Nickel source is soluble in water, and urea mixing is added, it is molten to obtain nickel source Liquid；
2) carbon fiber precast body is immersed in carbon source solution, carries out hydro-thermal reaction, obtains carbon fiber precast body A；
3) carbon fiber precast body A is immersed in nickel source solution, carries out vacuumize process, obtains carbon fiber precast body B；Carbon fiber Precast body B is placed in solvent, carries out solvent thermal reaction, and product is dry, obtains carbon fiber precast body C；
4) carbon fiber precast body C is subjected to high temperature cabonization, obtains C/C-Ni composite material；
5) C/C-Ni composite material is seeped into copper through melting, obtains C/C-Ni-Cu composite material.
2. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1), carbon source For glucose or sucrose, carbon source concentration is 250~400g/L in carbon source solution.
3. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1), nickel source For Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate, the molar ratio of nickel source and urea is (0.8~1): 1.
4. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2), hydro-thermal Reaction carries out in microwave reactor, and 160-200 DEG C of reaction temperature, 2~3h of reaction time.
5. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3), solvent Thermal response carries out in microwave reactor, and 160-200 DEG C of reaction temperature, 2~3h of reaction time.
6. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3), solvent For edible oil.
7. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4), repeat Step 3) and step 4), until C/C-Ni composite density reaches 0.8-1.2g/cm3。
8. the preparation method of C/C-Ni-Cu composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4), high temperature Carbonization is specifically: the 800-1000 DEG C of calcining 1-2h under protective atmosphere.
9. the C/C-Ni-Cu composite material being prepared using the described in any item preparation methods of claim 1-8.
10. application of the C/C-Ni-Cu composite material as claimed in claim 9 as Material for Pantograph Slide in high-speed rail.
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CN110735152A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-31 燕山大学 Ni-Cu-C electrocatalyst, and preparation method and application thereof
CN111916768A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-10 暨南大学 Nickel carbide material, nickel carbide cathode capable of enhancing power generation and preparation method and application of nickel carbide cathode
CN113427852A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-24 哈尔滨理工大学 Carbon and light alloy based layered composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114853496A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 陕西科技大学 C/C-Cu-Ni composite material for pantograph and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110735152A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-31 燕山大学 Ni-Cu-C electrocatalyst, and preparation method and application thereof
CN111916768A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-10 暨南大学 Nickel carbide material, nickel carbide cathode capable of enhancing power generation and preparation method and application of nickel carbide cathode
CN111916768B (en) * 2020-07-31 2021-10-22 暨南大学 Nickel carbide material, nickel carbide cathode capable of enhancing power generation and preparation method and application of nickel carbide cathode
CN113427852A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-09-24 哈尔滨理工大学 Carbon and light alloy based layered composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114853496A (en) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 陕西科技大学 C/C-Cu-Ni composite material for pantograph and preparation method thereof

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