CN110057634B - Device and method for manufacturing core cracks - Google Patents
Device and method for manufacturing core cracks Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057634B CN110057634B CN201910288595.8A CN201910288595A CN110057634B CN 110057634 B CN110057634 B CN 110057634B CN 201910288595 A CN201910288595 A CN 201910288595A CN 110057634 B CN110057634 B CN 110057634B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing core cracks, wherein the device comprises: a closed container, a refrigerator and a microwave heating device; wherein: a rock core to be cracked is arranged in the closed container filled with the first liquid; the refrigerator is used for refrigerating the closed container, so that the first liquid is solidified and surrounds the core to be cracked; the microwave heating device is used for heating the closed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks; the freezing point of the first liquid is higher than the freezing point of the second liquid. The device can be used for manufacturing the artificial microcracks with controllable directions in the compact rock core, is convenient for controlling the scale of the artificial cracks, cannot influence the wettability and the clay mineral composition of the rock, and is not limited by the lithology type of the rock core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration, in particular to a technology for manufacturing cracks, and specifically relates to a device and a method for manufacturing core cracks.
Background
The specific gravity of compact oil and gas fields in the whole oil and gas field exploration and development is getting larger, and the efficient development of the oil and gas fields has great significance for the sustainable development of the petroleum industry. The typical characteristic of the dense rock is the development of micro-cracks, and a drilling and coring method is difficult to obtain a representative core sample of a micro-crack interval, so that a method for artificially manufacturing the micro-cracks is generally adopted indoors to obtain the micro-crack core sample. The current technical methods for manufacturing the microcracks can be divided into two major categories, namely a physical method and a chemical method, wherein the physical method mainly comprises (1) a nicking tool pressurizing method, wherein patent publications CN203629925U, CN204903258U and CN206990290U are all used for pushing a nicking tool to manufacture cracks on a rock core through hydraulic pressure, and the method has the defects that the scale of artificial microcracks is difficult to control, especially the microcracks with small scale of cracks are difficult to manufacture, (2) a high-temperature method, and CN1062248712A discloses a method for manually manufacturing the cracks by heating and cooling the rock core at high temperature by utilizing the non-uniformity of thermal expansion of rock mineral components, but when the rock core is subjected to high-temperature treatment, the wettability and the type of clay mineral components of the rock can be changed, so that the measurement result of the rock core to be cracked is inaccurate; the chemical method is mainly an erosion method, and patent publication No. CN108507843A discloses a method for artificially sealing carbonate minerals in rock by using inorganic acid to erode the carbonate minerals, which can only be used for rock cores with the content of the carbonate minerals within a specific range and has large limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for manufacturing core cracks, which can be used for manufacturing artificial micro cracks with controllable directions in a compact core, are convenient for controlling the scale of the artificial cracks, cannot influence the wettability and the clay mineral composition of the rock, and are not limited by the lithological type of the core.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing a core fracture, including: a closed container, a refrigerator and a microwave heating device; wherein:
a rock core to be cracked is arranged in a closed container filled with first liquid;
the refrigerator is used for refrigerating the closed container to solidify the first liquid and surround the core to be cracked;
the microwave heating device is used for heating the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked is expanded to generate cracks;
the freezing point of the first liquid is higher than the freezing point of the second liquid.
In one embodiment, the internal space of the closed container is arranged in the following manner:
the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side face of the core to be cracked is larger than the distance between the bottom of the closed container and the bottom of the core to be cracked, and the closed container is used for manufacturing a first-direction crack of the core to be cracked.
In one embodiment, the internal space of the closed container is arranged in the following manner:
the difference between the inner diameter of the closed container and the diameter of the core to be fractured is smaller than a first preset value, and the difference between the length of the closed container and the core to be fractured is larger than the first preset value, so that the core to be fractured is fractured in the second direction.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for manufacturing a core fracture, which comprises the following steps:
adding part of the first liquid into a closed container, refrigerating the closed container through a refrigerator, and solidifying part of the first liquid;
setting a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, in a closed container, and adding the rest of the first liquid;
solidifying the remaining first liquid in the closed container by a refrigerator;
and heating the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified by using a microwave heating device so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks.
In one embodiment, before the setting the core to be fractured, which is saturated with the second liquid, in the closed container, the method further includes: and vacuumizing the core to be fractured, and filling the second liquid into the core to be fractured to saturate the core.
In one embodiment, the first liquid level is higher than the length of the core to be fractured.
In one embodiment, the microwave heating device heats the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the core to be cracked, so that the core to be cracked is expanded to generate cracks, and the method includes:
and controlling the temperature and time for heating the closed container through a microwave heating device so as to manufacture core cracks of different scales.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention provides an apparatus and method for producing core fractures, which can produce directionally-controllable artificial micro-fractures in dense cores, which facilitates the control of the scale of artificial fractures, does not affect the wettability and clay mineral composition of the rock, and is not limited by the lithological type of the core.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of fabricating a core fracture provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a closed container of the apparatus for manufacturing core fractures provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave heating device of an apparatus for producing core fractures provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating an example application of a method of fabricating a core fracture provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a cylindrical organic glass cylinder and a core to be fractured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another relationship diagram of the size of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel and the core to be fractured provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a specific implementation mode of a device for manufacturing a core fracture, which specifically comprises the following contents: a closed container, a refrigerator and a microwave heating device; wherein:
a rock core to be cracked is arranged in a closed container filled with first liquid;
in a specific example, the first liquid may be distilled water and the closed container may be a plexiglas cylindrical cartridge with a sealing lid, see fig. 2.
The refrigerator is used for refrigerating the closed container to solidify the first liquid and surround the core to be cracked;
it can be understood that according to the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the first liquid can generate pressure on the interior of the first liquid after solidification, so that the core to be fractured generates fractures.
The microwave heating device is used for heating the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked is expanded to generate cracks;
the solidification point of the first liquid is higher than that of the second liquid, and it can be understood that the first liquid is solidified by utilizing the difference of the solidification points of the first liquid and the second liquid, the second liquid is still in a liquid state, and then only the liquid is heated by utilizing the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold and the microwave heating method, so that the crack is generated on the core to be cracked.
In one specific example, the second liquid may be 33.8C% ethanol by mass, it being understood that 33.8C% ethanol has a freezing point of-23.6C and distilled water has a freezing point of 0℃, and that when the refrigeration temperature is controlled at-5C, the distilled water can be allowed to solidify while the ethanol is still in the liquid state.
In one embodiment, the internal space of the closed container is arranged in the following manner: the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side face of the core to be cracked is larger than the distance between the bottom of the closed container and the bottom of the core to be cracked, and the closed container is used for manufacturing a first-direction crack of the core to be cracked.
In one embodiment, the internal space of the closed container is arranged in the following manner: the difference between the inner diameter of the closed container and the diameter of the core to be fractured is smaller than a first preset value, and the difference between the length of the closed container and the core to be fractured is larger than the first preset value, so that the core to be fractured is fractured in the second direction.
It can be understood that when the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side surface of the core to be fractured is larger than the distance between the bottom surface of the closed container and the bottom surface of the core to be fractured, the first-direction fracture of the core to be fractured is manufactured. Namely, when the difference between the inner diameters of the closed container and the core to be cracked is larger than the difference between the lengths of the closed container and the core to be cracked, large stress is generated in the radial direction of the core to be cracked when the distilled water is frozen and expanded, so that radial micro cracks are generated.
And when the difference between the inner diameter of the closed container and the diameter of the core to be fractured is smaller than a first preset value, and the difference between the length of the closed container and the core to be fractured is larger than the first preset value, the closed container is used for manufacturing the second-direction fracture of the core to be fractured. Namely, when the difference between the inner diameters of the closed container and the core to be cracked is smaller than the difference between the lengths of the closed container and the core to be cracked, the distilled water is frozen and expanded to generate larger stress in the axial direction of the core to be cracked, so that axial microcracks are generated.
As can be seen from the above description, the present invention provides an apparatus for manufacturing a core fracture, wherein a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, is disposed in a sealed container containing a first liquid, and the core with the fracture is completely disposed in the first liquid, and then a refrigeration temperature is controlled between a solidification temperature of the first liquid and a solidification temperature of a second liquid, so that the first liquid is solidified, and the second liquid is still in a liquid state, and the sealed container is heated, and the second liquid in the core to be fractured expands by using the principles of thermal expansion and cold contraction and heating of a microwave heating apparatus, so that the core to be fractured generates a micro fracture. And the relative relation between the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side surface of the core to be cracked and the distance between the bottom surface of the closed container and the bottom surface of the core to be cracked is set, so that the crack type of the core to be cracked can be controlled. In conclusion, the direction-controllable artificial microcracks can be manufactured in the compact rock core, the device is convenient for controlling the scale of the artificial cracks, cannot influence the wettability and the clay mineral composition of the rock, and is not limited by the lithology type of the rock core.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of a method for manufacturing a core fracture, and referring to fig. 1, the method for manufacturing a core fracture specifically includes the following steps:
step 100: adding part of the first liquid into a closed container, refrigerating the closed container through a refrigerator, and solidifying part of the first liquid;
it will be appreciated that a portion of the first liquid is charged into the bottom of the closed container and then the first liquid is frozen by refrigeration from the refrigerator.
Step 200: setting a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, in a closed container, and adding the rest of the first liquid;
it can be understood that the core to be cracked, which is saturated with the second liquid, is arranged in the closed container, and the remaining first liquid is added, so that the core to be cracked completely enters the first liquid, that is, the first liquid is filled between the core to be cracked and the inner wall of the closed container and between the core to be cracked and the sealing cover of the closed container.
Step 300: solidifying the remaining first liquid in the closed container by a refrigerator;
it will be appreciated that the refrigeration temperature may be sufficient to refrigerate the first liquid but insufficient to refrigerate the second liquid, i.e. the refrigeration temperature is between the freezing temperature of the first liquid and the freezing temperature of the second liquid.
Step 400: and heating the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified by using a microwave heating device so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks.
It can be understood that, at this time, the first liquid is in a solid state, the second liquid is in a liquid state, the second liquid inside the core to be fractured expands by using the heating principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold and the microwave heating device, and the first liquid in the solid state seals the core to be fractured, so that the core to be fractured generates micro fractures.
In an embodiment, before step 200, the method further includes: and vacuumizing the core to be fractured, and filling the second liquid into the core to be fractured to saturate the core.
It will be appreciated that the second liquid is completely introduced into the internal porosity of the core to be fractured by means of a vacuum applied to the core to be fractured.
In one embodiment, the first liquid level is higher than the length of the core to be fractured.
In one embodiment, step 400 includes: and controlling the temperature and time for heating the closed container through a microwave heating device so as to manufacture core cracks of different scales.
It is understood that when the heating time and the heating temperature of the core to be fractured are increased, the micro-fracture scale of the core to be fractured may be increased.
From the above description, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a core fracture, which includes disposing a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, in a sealed container containing a first liquid, completely disposing the core with the fracture inside the first liquid, controlling a refrigeration temperature between a solidification temperature of the first liquid and a solidification temperature of a second liquid, so that the first liquid is solidified, the second liquid is still in a liquid state, heating the sealed container, and expanding the second liquid inside the core to be fractured by using the principles of thermal expansion and cold contraction and heating of a microwave heating device, so as to generate a micro fracture in the core to be fractured. And the relative relation between the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side surface of the core to be cracked and the distance between the bottom surface of the closed container and the bottom surface of the core to be cracked is set, so that the crack type of the core to be cracked can be controlled. In conclusion, the direction-controllable artificial microcracks can be manufactured in the compact rock core, the device is convenient for controlling the scale of the artificial cracks, cannot influence the wettability and the clay mineral composition of the rock, and is not limited by the lithology type of the rock core.
To further illustrate the present invention, the present invention also provides a specific application example of a method for manufacturing core cracks by using a microwave oven and a machine glass cylindrical barrel, and refer to fig. 4. The specific application example specifically includes the following contents:
s0: adding part of distilled water into the glass cylindrical barrel, and solidifying part of distilled water through the glass cylindrical barrel of the refrigerator.
It will be appreciated that the plexiglas cylindrical barrel is provided with a removable sealing cover, see figure 2. The method comprises the steps of filling part of distilled water into the bottom of a glass cylindrical barrel of the machine, and then controlling the refrigeration temperature of a refrigerator to be-5 ℃ to solidify part of the distilled water.
S1: vacuumizing the core to be fractured, and filling 33.8 mass percent of ethanol into the core to be fractured so as to saturate the core.
It can be understood that ethanol with a mass percent concentration of 33.8C% is completely introduced into the internal pores of the core to be fractured by means of evacuating the core to be fractured.
S2: and arranging the core to be cracked, which is saturated with the second liquid, in the organic glass cylindrical barrel, and adding the rest of distilled water.
It can be understood that the rock core to be cracked, which is saturated with 33.8 mass percent ethanol, is arranged in the organic glass cylindrical barrel, and the residual distilled water is added, so that the rock core to be cracked completely enters the distilled water, namely, the rock core to be cracked and the inner wall of the organic glass cylindrical barrel as well as the rock core to be cracked and the sealing cover of the organic glass cylindrical barrel are filled with the distilled water.
Referring to fig. 5, it can be understood that when the distance d1 between the inner side wall of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the side surface of the core 2 to be fractured is greater than the distance d2 between the bottom surface of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel and the bottom surface of the core to be fractured, the first direction fracture for the core to be fractured is made. Namely, when the difference d1 between the inner diameters of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the core 2 to be cracked is larger than the difference d2 between the lengths of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the core 2 to be cracked, large stress is generated in the radial direction of the core to be cracked when the distilled water is frozen and expanded, and therefore radial microcracks are generated in the core to be cracked.
Referring to fig. 6, when the difference d1 between the inner diameter of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the diameter of the core 2 to be cracked is smaller than the distance d2 between the bottom surface of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the bottom surface of the core 2 to be cracked, the second direction crack for the core to be cracked is made. Namely, when the difference d1 between the inner diameters of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the core 2 to be cracked is smaller than the difference d2 between the lengths of the plexiglas cylindrical barrel 1 and the core 2 to be cracked, large stress is generated in the axial direction of the core to be cracked when the distilled water is frozen and expanded, and therefore axial microcracks are generated in the core to be cracked.
S3: solidifying the residual distilled water in the organic glass cylindrical barrel by a refrigerator;
it can be understood that, after the organic glass cylindrical barrel is in a sealed state by sealing the cover, the organic glass cylindrical barrel is arranged in a refrigerator, the refrigerating temperature of the refrigerator is controlled to be-5 ℃, and the refrigerating time is long enough, the temperature can refrigerate distilled water, but is not enough to refrigerate ethanol with the mass percent concentration of 33.8 ℃, so that the distilled water in the organic glass cylindrical barrel is in a solid state, and the ethanol with the mass percent concentration of 33.8 ℃ is still in a liquid state.
S4: and heating the organic glass cylindrical barrel solidified by the distilled water by using a microwave oven so as to heat the ethanol with the mass percentage concentration of 33.8C% in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks.
At the moment, the distilled water is in a solid state, the ethanol with the mass percent concentration of 33.8C% is in a liquid state, the ethanol with the mass percent concentration of 33.8C% in the core to be cracked expands by utilizing the heating principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction and a microwave heating device, and the distilled water in the solid state seals the core to be cracked, so that the core to be cracked generates micro cracks; in addition, the heating temperature and the heating time of the microwave oven are controlled, and the temperature and the time for heating the organic glass cylindrical barrel are controlled, so that core cracks with different scales can be manufactured, and the structure of the microwave oven refers to the figure 3.
As can be seen from the above description, the specific application example of the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a core fracture, in which a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, is disposed in a sealed container containing a first liquid, the core with the fracture is completely disposed in the first liquid, then a refrigeration temperature is controlled between a solidification temperature of the first liquid and a solidification temperature of the second liquid, so that the first liquid is solidified, and the second liquid is still in a liquid state, and the sealed container is heated, and the second liquid in the core to be fractured expands by using the principles of thermal expansion and cold contraction and heating of a microwave heating apparatus, so that the core to be fractured generates a micro fracture. And the relative relation between the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side surface of the core to be cracked and the distance between the bottom surface of the closed container and the bottom surface of the core to be cracked is set, so that the crack type of the core to be cracked can be controlled. In conclusion, the direction-controllable artificial microcracks can be manufactured in the compact rock core, the device is convenient for controlling the scale of the artificial cracks, cannot influence the wettability and the clay mineral composition of the rock, and is not limited by the lithology type of the rock core.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results.
Although embodiments of the present description provide method steps as described in embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When an actual apparatus or end product executes, it may execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., parallel processors or multi-threaded environments, or even distributed data processing environments) according to the method shown in the embodiment or the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited elements is not excluded.
The above description is only an example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for producing core fractures, comprising: a closed container, a refrigerator and a microwave heating device; wherein:
a rock core to be cracked is arranged in the closed container filled with the first liquid;
the refrigerator is used for refrigerating the closed container, so that the first liquid is solidified and surrounds the core to be cracked;
the microwave heating device is used for heating the closed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks;
the freezing point of the first liquid is higher than the freezing point of the second liquid.
2. The apparatus for manufacturing core fractures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal space of the closed vessel is arranged in a manner that:
the distance between the inner side wall of the closed container and the side face of the core to be fractured is larger than the distance between the bottom surface of the closed container and the bottom surface of the core to be fractured, and the closed container is used for manufacturing a first-direction fracture of the core to be fractured.
3. The apparatus for manufacturing core fractures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal space of the closed vessel is arranged in a manner that:
and the difference between the inner diameter of the closed container and the diameter of the core to be fractured is smaller than a first preset value, and the difference between the length of the closed container and the core to be fractured is larger than the first preset value, so that the closed container is used for manufacturing the second-direction fracture of the core to be fractured.
4. A method for manufacturing core fractures, applied to the apparatus for manufacturing core fractures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
adding part of the first liquid into a closed container, refrigerating the closed container through a refrigerator, and solidifying part of the first liquid;
setting a core to be fractured, which is saturated with a second liquid, in the closed container, and adding the rest of the first liquid;
solidifying the first liquid remaining in the closed container by a refrigerator;
heating the sealed container after the first liquid is solidified by using a microwave heating device to heat the second liquid in the rock core to be cracked, so that the rock core to be cracked expands to generate cracks;
and controlling the refrigerating temperature between the freezing temperature of the first liquid and the freezing temperature of the second liquid, so that the first liquid is frozen, and the second liquid is still in a liquid state.
5. The method for fabricating core fractures according to claim 4, wherein prior to said disposing a to-be-fractured core saturated with a second liquid within said containment vessel, further comprising: and vacuumizing the core to be fractured, and filling a second liquid into the core to be fractured to saturate the core.
6. The method for fabricating core fractures according to claim 4, wherein the first liquid level is higher than the length of the core to be fractured.
7. The method for manufacturing core fractures as claimed in claim 4, wherein the microwave heating device heats the closed container after the first liquid is solidified so as to heat the second liquid in the core to be fractured and expand the core to be fractured so as to generate fractures, and comprises:
and controlling the temperature and time for heating the closed container through the microwave heating device so as to manufacture the core cracks with different scales.
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