CN110055647A - A kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control method - Google Patents
A kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110055647A CN110055647A CN201910370289.9A CN201910370289A CN110055647A CN 110055647 A CN110055647 A CN 110055647A CN 201910370289 A CN201910370289 A CN 201910370289A CN 110055647 A CN110055647 A CN 110055647A
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- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 89
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007378 ring spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
- D02G3/385—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn using hollow spindles, e.g. making coverspun yarns
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control methods, using the long filament fiber of two Gen Gaomo flatness, the self-locking structure that reversed looping forms complex yarn is carried out for flexible fluffy short fine yarn, short fibre yarn hardly by the constraint of reversed looping filament fiber therefore keeps linear when low-tension, when high-tension it is short fibre yarn bend to helix under the compressing of reversed looping filament fiber, it can be achieved that structure phase fast transition；Especially in the case where high and low tensile stress frequent alternation, the complex yarn of reserved packet entanglement structure can better adapt to the reversible transition of this structure phase, ensure the validity of the Negative poisson's ratio of complex yarn；Meanwhile also regulating and controlling the line density of staple fiber heart yarn by the asynchronous draft mechanism by PLC servo-drive, make complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient according to default rule segmentation variation, realizes the designability of yarn texture and its controllability of negative poisson's ratio coefficient distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its hollow ingot spinning dresses of four-way
It sets and control method, belongs to spinninging technical field.
Background technique
Negative poisson's ratio yarn is a kind of complex yarn with special mechanical property, and the appearance diameter of yarn is by axial drawing
When stretching can it is thicker and generate be radially expanded deformation.Negative poisson's ratio yarn is usually made of two kinds of components, and the first component generallys use
The long fibrous material of high-modulus flatness, such as carbon fiber, glass fibre, Kevlar, aramid fiber；Second component is that low modulus is high
The fibrous material of elongation, such as silicone rubber, natural rubber or spandex filament.There is double helix with both materials spinning
The two-component composite yarn of structure, under the conditions of low tensile stress, the second component linearly constitutes the heart yarn of complex yarn,
Spirally the second component of outsourcing constitutes the fasciated yarn 1 of complex yarn to first component, at this time the first component (modulus is high, elasticity is small,
Extend that low, accounting is more) the second component of looping (modulus is low, it is elastic it is big, elongation is high, accounting is small) constitute looping structure composite yarn.?
Under the conditions of high tensile stress, the first component, which is drawn as straight line, becomes heart yarn part of composite yarn, and spirally form twines the second component
The fasciated yarn 1 for becoming composite yarn is wound on core component.Yarn recurring structure reversion under tensile stress effect leads to the straight of yarn
Diameter is by (2*d0+D0) to (2*D0+d0) variation, thus generate Negative poisson's ratio.Can be prepared using negative poisson's ratio yarn is had
The composite material of Negative poisson's ratio provides new project for the development of textile material, therefore with more great theoretical meaning
Justice.
Composite yarn refers in particular to the yarn that the short fine yarn after drawing-off is directly twisted with long filament (or yarn) and after closing to formation, twisting
In the process short fine yarn and long filament (or yarn) can be formed and be twisted, the yarn textures such as cored, looping and wrapping.According to the mechanics of long filament
Performance, short fibre/long filament composite yarn can be divided into three classes: 1. short fibre/elastic force long filament composite yarn of spandex and the short compound resultant yarn of fibre；2. washing
Short fibre/flexible filament composite yarn of synthetic fibre long filament and the short compound resultant yarn of fibre；3. the short fibre of stainless steel filament and the short compound resultant yarn of fibre/just
Property long filament composite yarn.And according to the structure and yarn-forming mechanism of complex yarn, and can be divided into: 1. short fibre/long filament and twist yarn；2. short
Fibre/long filament, which is handed over, twists fasciated yarn 1: Sai Luofeier (Sirofil) yarn；3. the mixed fine twisted union yarn of long filament/short-term；4. short fibre/filament core
Yarn；5. short fibre/long filament wraps yarn.
Negative poisson's ratio yarn generates the transformation of structure phase in the Tensile masterpiece used time, and common complex yarn do not have it is this
Structure phase transition ability, therefore without negative poisson's ratio mechanics effect.Therefore, how to configure the modulus of two components of complex yarn, elongation,
Ratio and the structure for optimizing negative poisson's ratio yarn are the key technologies for producing negative poisson's ratio yarn.
A kind of patent " negative poisson ratio yarn structure and its manufacturing method of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hu Hong
(CN201210212844.3) " a kind of negative poisson ratio yarn structure and its manufacturing method, the negative poisson ratio yarn structure are disclosed
It is formed by the first yarn and the second Yarn twisting, the stretch modulus of the first yarn is greater than the stretch modulus of the second yarn.Eastern Hua Da
Learn patent " a kind of three shafting cone cylinder formula composite spinning devices and method of negative poisson's ratio yarn of Yu Weidong
(CN201710539952.4) " the three shafting cone cylinder formula composite spinning devices and method of a kind of Poisson's ratio yarn are provided.Eastern Hua Da
Learn patent " a kind of the negative poisson's ratio yarn and its composite spinning device, method and purposes of RING SPINNING of Yu Weidong
(CN201710539986.3) " a kind of negative poisson's ratio yarn of RING SPINNING is provided, is length by relative stiffness, in outer looping shape
Tow and short fine yarn relatively flexible, positioned at yarn core, directly by asymmetric two shaftings Compound spinning institute on ring throstle
The negative poisson's ratio composite construction yarn obtained.
The size of negative poisson's ratio coefficient is of great significance for preparing negative poisson's ratio coefficient material, prepares high negative poisson's ratio
Yarn needs to carry out innovative design in links such as material selection, yarn texture design and complex yarn moulding process.Due to negative
Limitation of Poisson's ratio yarn in terms of material selection, composite structural design and spinning process, causes to produce preparation at present
Negative poisson's ratio yarn that there are negative poisson's ratio coefficients is small, reaction is insensitive, it is irreversible the defects of.It is specific as follows:
1, in terms of the material selection of negative poisson's ratio yarn
It is mainly accounted at present from the modulus difference for increasing two components, the first component (looping component when low-tension)
High-modulus flatness long material is generally selected, the second component (core component when low-tension) generally selects the material of low modulus high drawing
Material.In fact, there are the characteristics such as high convergency, oneself curling by optimum choice other than the modulus difference for controlling two components
Fibrous material and temperature sensitive shape memory fiber material etc. are used as the second component materials, in specific tensile load or specified stretching
Range of strain is interior, preferably matches the compatibility of deformation of the first component and the second component, to guarantee the suitable of complex yarn structure phase
Benefit transformation gives full expression to negative poisson's ratio performance.
2, in the structure design aspect of negative poisson's ratio yarn
Based on two-component yarn two phase model, under the conditions of low tensile stress, the linearly structure of the second component
At the core component of complex yarn, the first component is spirally wrapped in the looping component that complex yarn is constituted on the first component；
Under the conditions of high tensile stress, the first component, which is drawn as straight line, becomes the core component of composite yarn, the second component spirally form
The skin component for becoming composite yarn is wrapped on core component, and reversion mutually occurs by yarn texture causes yarn diameter by (2*d0+D0) to
(2*D0+d0) variation, Negative poisson's ratio is thus generated, but during structure phase transition, due to lacking about between two components
Beam and occur mutually to separate, cause phase structure transformation it is irreversible.
3, the resultant yarn technical aspect of negative poisson's ratio index variation is spinned
In preparing negative poisson's ratio composite material, according to the difference that structure and function requires, make negative poisson's ratio coefficient
Along length of yarn direction change, existing technology cannot spin the yarn of negative poisson's ratio index variation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, bases
In heart yarn basis, two beam filament fibers successively spiral form looping reversely with each other from the inside to the outside is introduced, it can be ensured that draw in alternation
The reversible transition of stress yarn under working structure and the validity of Negative poisson's ratio are stretched, and asynchronous drawing-off can be passed through
Mechanism regulates and controls the variation of heart yarn line density, makes complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient according to default rule segmentation variation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention uses following technical scheme: the present invention devises a kind of reversed double-deck packet
Entanglement structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, including the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber and two beam filament fiber compositions；In low-tension condition
Under, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is linearly, constitutes the heart yarn of complex yarn, wherein a branch of filament fiber component is as the
One layer of fasciated yarn carries out first layer looping to heart yarn with helix shape, and another beam filament fiber composition is as second layer looping
Yarn carries out second layer looping to heart yarn and first layer fasciated yarn composite structure with helix shape, and first layer fasciated yarn
Helix shape winding direction and the helix shape winding direction of second layer fasciated yarn are opposite each other, that is, constitute the reversed double-deck packet
Entanglement structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn；And under the conditions of high-tension, with helix shape, two beam filaments of looping reversely with each other
Fiber composition is drawn as linear, conversion as heart yarn, and the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is spiral shell by original linear variation
Spin line shape, is converted to fasciated yarn at the periphery for being wrapped over two beam filament fiber compositions.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the short fine yarn component of the complex yarn internal carbon fibers and two beams
The ratio of filament fiber component changes with the variation of the short fine yarn component line density of carbon fiber, that is, realizes the complex yarn
The control of negative poisson's ratio coefficient.
With it is upper corresponding, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind for the negative pool of reversed double-deck looping structure
Pine is than the four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus of complex yarn, and design introduces the asynchronous drawing-off channel of two-way and two reversed asynchronous twisted
Point while the servo motor as set by each link realizes asynchronous controlling respectively, realizes the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio
The efficient preparation of complex yarn.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention uses following technical scheme: the present invention devises a kind of for reversed double
The four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus of layer looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, including the asynchronous drawing-off channel of two-way and two are anti-
To asynchronous twisted point；Wherein, the asynchronous drawing-off channel of two-way is for receiving the short fine yarn component corresponding default two of the carbon fiber
Root staple fiber rove item, and asynchronous drawing-off is carried out to two staple fiber rove items, aggregate into the short fine yarn component of a carbon fiber；
One of them asynchronous twisted point is for receiving the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber and wherein a branch of filament fiber group
Part, and it is twisted together, realizes the helix shape looping of the beam filament fiber composition fine yarn component short to carbon fiber, obtains the
One looping composite structure；
Another asynchronous twisted point is gone forward side by side for receiving the first looping composite structure and another beam filament fiber composition
Row is twisted, realizes the beam filament fiber composition to the helix shape looping of the first looping composite structure, and two asynchronous twisted
The twisted direction of point is opposite each other, that is, obtains the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: after PLC controller, rear roller axis, the first rear roller, second
Roller, auxiliary rear axle, middle roller axis, middle roller, collector, front roller axis, front roller, the first hollow ingot and the second hollow ingot,
And respectively with each roller shaft, auxiliary rear axle, the first hollow ingot, the one-to-one servo motor of the second hollow ingot, each roller shaft,
Rear axle, the first hollow ingot, the second hollow ingot is assisted to be connected respectively with corresponding servo motor；
Wherein, the internal diameter of both the first rear roller, second rear roller, outer diameter are mutually the same, and the internal diameter of the rwo is with after
The outer diameter of roller shaft is adapted, and the first rear roller is sheathed on rear roller axis, and is used between the first rear roller and rear roller axis
Key is fixedly secured to one another；Second rear roller is sheathed on rear roller axis, and the second rear roller relatively rotates with respect to each other with rear roller axis, auxiliary
Straight line is parallel with straight line where rear roller axis where helping rear axle, and the synchronized toothed belt of the second rear roller is opposite with auxiliary rear axle
It connects, the second rear roller rotates under the transmission of the auxiliary synchronized toothed belt of rear axle；The outer diameter of middle roller internal diameter and middle roller axis
It is adapted, middle roller fixing sleeve is set on middle roller axis；The outer diameter of front roller internal diameter and front roller axis is adapted, and front roller is fixed
It is sheathed on front roller axis；
PLC controller is docked respectively with each servo motor, based on PLC controller by each servo motor respectively to each roller
Axis, the control for assisting rear axle, the first hollow ingot, the second hollow ingot, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber are corresponding two default
Staple fiber rove item feeds the first rear roller, the second rear roller respectively, then respectively by the first rear roller, the second rear roller
Two staple fiber rove items polymerize through collector, constitute the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber, and feed middle roller, i.e. gripping point
It sets, then feeds front roller by holding the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber of point position, be further delivered to first by front roller
Hollow ingot, the first hollow ingot receives wherein a branch of filament fiber component and the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber simultaneously, and is twisted together,
The helix shape looping for realizing the beam filament fiber composition fine yarn component short to carbon fiber obtains the first looping combination knot
Structure；Last first looping composite structure is delivered to the second hollow ingot, and the second hollow ingot receives another beam filament fiber composition simultaneously
It with the first looping composite structure, and is twisted together, realizes the beam filament fiber composition to the helix of the first looping composite structure
Shape looping, and the twisted direction of the first hollow ingot and the second hollow ingot is opposite each other, that is, it is negative to obtain the reversed double-deck looping structure
Poisson's ratio complex yarn.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: further include respectively with the one-to-one servo-drive of each servo motor
Device, the PLC controller are docked through each servo-driver, with corresponding servo motor respectively.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: further include respectively with the one-to-one speed reducer of each servo motor,
The PLC controller after each servo-driver is sequentially connected in series corresponding servomotor, gear reducer, docks controll plant respectively.
Based on above-mentioned designed four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind
For the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control method, it is based on each link
The control respectively of servo motor realizes composite yarn negative poisson's ratio in conjunction with the connection between each property parameters of negative poisson's ratio composite yarn
The controllable variations of coefficient meet actual needs design complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient or regulation complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient
According to the purpose of specified rule variation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention uses following technical scheme: the present invention devises a kind of for reversed double
Layer looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control method, the PLC controller is according to such as
Drag:
ρfy=[ρ1*Vh1(t)+ρ2*Vh2(t)]/Vq(t)+ρx1+ρx2
Regulate and control the line density ρ of three component composite yarns according to actual needsfyAnd the short fine yarn component mixing ratio K of carbon fibery
(t) and the mixing ratio K of each beam filament fiber compositionx1(t)、Kx2(t), the controllable variations for realizing composite yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient, reach
Complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient or regulation complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient are designed according to specified rule to according to actual needs
The purpose of variation；
Wherein, ρ1、ρ2The line for respectively indicating the short fine corresponding default two staple fiber rove items of yarn component of the carbon fiber is close
Degree, ρx1、ρx2Respectively indicate the line density of each beam filament fiber composition, Vq(t)、VZ(t)、Vh1(t)、Vh2(t) it successively indicates respectively
Front roller speed, middle roller speed, the first rear roller speed, the second rear roller speed.
A kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its hollow ingot spinning dress of four-way of the present invention
It sets and control method has following technical effect that compared with the prior art by using the above technical solution
Reversed bilayer looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus designed by the present invention
And control method carries out reversed looping for flexible fluffy short fine yarn and is formed using the long filament fiber of two Gen Gaomo flatness
The self-locking structure of complex yarn, when low-tension, short fine yarn hardly by the constraint of reversed looping filament fiber therefore kept straight line
Shape, when high-tension short fine yarn bend to helix under the compressing of reversed looping filament fiber, it can be achieved that structure phase it is quick
Transformation；Especially in the case where high and low tensile stress frequent alternation, the complex yarn of reserved packet entanglement structure can better adapt to this
The reversible transition of kind structure phase, ensures the validity of the Negative poisson's ratio of complex yarn；Meanwhile also by being driven by PLC servo
The line density of dynamic asynchronous draft mechanism regulation staple fiber heart yarn, is segmented complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient according to default rule
The designability of yarn texture and its controllability of negative poisson's ratio coefficient distribution are realized in variation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the channel top view of four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus designed by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus designed by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure top view of four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus designed by the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the electronic control module configuration diagram of four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus designed by the present invention
Wherein, O4Rear roller axis, the first rear roller of 4-1., the second rear roller of 4-2., W1Rear axle, O are assisted6Middle roller
Axis, 6-1. middle roller, M2. collector, Q1Front roller axis, 9-1. front roller, K1The first hollow ingot, K2The second hollow ingot, 12.
Synchronous toothed belt.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
The present invention devises a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, specific to wrap in practical application
Include the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber and two beam filament fiber compositions；Under the conditions of low-tension, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is in straight
It is linear, constitute the heart yarn of complex yarn, wherein a branch of filament fiber component as first layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape pair
Heart yarn carries out first layer looping, and another beam filament fiber composition is as second layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape to heart yarn and the
One layer of fasciated yarn composite structure carries out second layer looping, and the helix shape winding direction and the second layer of first layer fasciated yarn
The helix shape winding direction of fasciated yarn is opposite each other, that is, constitutes the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn；And
And under the conditions of high-tension, with two beam filament fiber compositions of helix shape, looping reversely with each other be drawn as it is linear, turn
It changes as heart yarn, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is helix shape, is wrapped over two beam filaments fibre by original linear variation
It ties up the periphery of component, be converted to fasciated yarn.
In practical application, the ratio of complex yarn internal carbon fibers short fine yarn component and two beam filament fiber compositions, with
The variation of the short fine yarn component line density of carbon fiber and change, that is, realize the control of the complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient.
For the above-mentioned designed reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, it is hollow that the present invention devises four-way
Ingot spinning device in practical application, specifically includes the asynchronous drawing-off channel of two-way and two reversed asynchronous twisted points；Wherein, two-way
Asynchronous drawing-off channel is used to receive the corresponding default two staple fiber rove items of the short fibre yarn component of the carbon fiber, and to two
Staple fiber rove item carries out asynchronous drawing-off, aggregates into the short fine yarn component of a carbon fiber；One of them asynchronous twisted point is used for
The short fine yarn component of carbon fiber and wherein a branch of filament fiber component are received, and is twisted together, realizes the beam filament fiber
The helix shape looping of component fine yarn component short to carbon fiber, obtains the first looping composite structure；Another is asynchronous twisted
Point is twisted together for receiving the first looping composite structure and another beam filament fiber composition, realizes beam filament fibre
Component is tieed up to the helix shape looping of the first looping composite structure, and the twisted direction of two asynchronous twisted points is opposite each other,
Obtain the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn.
Based on the asynchronous drawing-off channel of above-mentioned two-way and two reversed asynchronous twisted points, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, specifically
Structure design includes PLC controller, rear roller axis O4, the first rear roller 4-1, the second rear roller 4-2, auxiliary rear axle W1, middle roller
Axis O6, middle roller 6-1, collector M2, front roller axis Q1, front roller 9-1, the first hollow ingot K1With the second hollow ingot K2, Yi Jifen
Not with each roller shaft, auxiliary rear axle W1, the first hollow ingot K1, the second hollow ingot K2One-to-one servo motor, each roller shaft,
Assist rear axle W1, the first hollow ingot K1, the second hollow ingot K2It is connected respectively with corresponding servo motor.
Wherein, the internal diameter of both the first rear roller 4-1, second rear roller 4-2, outer diameter are mutually the same, and the rwo is interior
Diameter and rear roller axis O4Outer diameter be adapted, the first rear roller 4-1 is sheathed on rear roller axis O4On, and the first rear roller 4-1 is with after
Roller shaft O4Between be fixedly secured to one another using key；Second rear roller 4-2 is sheathed on rear roller axis O4On, the second rear roller 4-2 with
Rear roller axis O4It relatively rotates with respect to each other, assists rear axle W1Place straight line and rear roller axis O4Place straight line is parallel, the second rear roller
The synchronized toothed belt 12 of 4-2 and auxiliary rear axle W1It is connected to each other, the second rear roller 4-2 is in auxiliary rear axle W1The biography of synchronized toothed belt
It is rotated under dynamic；Middle roller 6-1 internal diameter and middle roller axis O6Outer diameter be adapted, middle roller 6-1 fixing sleeve be set to middle roller axis O6
On；Front roller 9-1 internal diameter and front roller axis Q1Outer diameter be adapted, front roller 9-1 fixing sleeve be set to front roller axis Q1On.
PLC controller is docked respectively with each servo motor, based on PLC controller by each servo motor respectively to each roller
Axis, auxiliary rear axle W1, the first hollow ingot K1, the second hollow ingot K2Control, the short fine yarn component of the carbon fiber is corresponding default
Two staple fiber rove items feed the first rear roller 4-1, the second rear roller 4-2 respectively, then pass through the first rear roller 4- respectively
1, two staple fiber rove items of the second rear roller 4-2 polymerize through collector M2, constitute the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber, and feed
Middle roller 6-1 holds point position, then feed front roller 9-1 by holding the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber of point position, by
Front roller 9-1 is further delivered to the first hollow ingot K1, the first hollow ingot K1Wherein a branch of filament fiber component and carbon are received simultaneously
The short fine yarn component of fiber, and be twisted together, realize the helix of the beam filament fiber composition fine yarn component short to carbon fiber
Shape looping obtains the first looping composite structure；Last first looping composite structure is delivered to the second hollow ingot K2, second is hollow
Ingot K2Another beam filament fiber composition and the first looping composite structure are received simultaneously, and is twisted together, realizes the beam filament fiber
Component is to the helix shape looping of the first looping composite structure, and the first hollow ingot K1With the second hollow ingot K2Twisted direction
It is opposite each other, that is, obtain the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn.
In practical application to the electric control structure in above-mentioned designed four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus, specific design also wraps
It includes respectively with the one-to-one servo-driver of each servo motor and speed reducer, the PLC controller is respectively through each servo-drive
After device is sequentially connected in series corresponding servomotor, gear reducer, controll plant is docked.
It to sum up described in structure, is illustrated in fig. 4 shown below, total shares seven sets of electric drivers respectively and after each roller shaft, auxiliary
Axis W1, each hollow ingot and groove drum winding correspond, it is each cover electric driver include respectively concatenated servo-driver,
Servomotor, gear reducer.
Based on above-mentioned designed four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus, the present invention specifically devises a kind of for the reversed double-deck packet
Entanglement structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus and control method.
If the line density for feeding the short fine corresponding default two staple fiber rove items of yarn component of the carbon fiber is ρ1、ρ2,
The line density of the fasciated yarn 1 and fasciated yarn 2 that are fed is respectively ρx1、ρx2, i.e., the line density of each beam filament fiber composition, through different
The line density of gained composite yarn is ρ after step drawing-off, asynchronous back twisting and asynchronous reversed loopingfy, wherein the bulk density of heart yarn,
Line density, diameter and the twist are respectively γx、ρx、dx、Tnx, fasciated yarn 1 is respectively T to the looping twist and looping angle of heart yarnn1、
δb1, fasciated yarn 2 is T to the looping twist and looping angle of heart yarnn2、δb2, front roller 9-1 speed, middle sieve in spinning process
Drawing 6-1 speed, the first rear roller 4-1 speed, the second rear roller 4-2 speed is respectively Vq(t)、VZ(t)、Vh1(t)、Vh2(t), ingot
The revolving speed of son is nd.Then the structural parameters of complex yarn are as follows:
Heart yarn line density ρy(t)=[ρ1*Vh1(t)+ρ2*Vh2(t)]/Vq(t)；
Heart yarn linear diameter
Wherein a branch of filament fiber component twists the twist T for carrying out looping with Zn1=nd(t))/Vq(t)；
Another beam filament fiber composition twists the twist T for carrying out looping with Sn2=nd(t))/Vq(t)；
Then LC controller is according to such as drag:
ρfy=[ρ1*Vh1(t)+ρ2*Vh2(t)]/Vq(t)+ρx1+ρx2
Regulate and control the line density ρ of three component composite yarns according to actual needsfyAnd the short fine yarn component mixing ratio K of carbon fibery
(t) and the mixing ratio K of each beam filament fiber compositionx1(t)、Kx2(t), the controllable variations for realizing composite yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient, reach
Complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient or regulation complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient are designed according to specified rule to according to actual needs
The purpose of variation.
By the control method of above-mentioned designed four-way ring spinning apparatus, it is applied in reality, following examples one
With embodiment two.
Embodiment one selects two beam high-performance filament fibers as the looping silk in double-contracting entanglement structure composite yarn looping component
1 and looping silk 2, the two adds up to accounting less than 25%；The short fine yarn component of flexible carbon fiber is selected as double-contracting and twines structure composite
The core component and accounting of yarn are greater than 75%.
Under the conditions of low-tension, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is linearly, constitutes the heart yarn of complex yarn, wherein one
Beam filament fiber composition carries out first layer looping to heart yarn as first layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape, and another beam filament is fine
It ties up component and second layer packet is carried out to heart yarn and first layer fasciated yarn composite structure as second layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape
It twines, and the helix shape winding direction of the helix shape winding direction of first layer fasciated yarn and second layer fasciated yarn is each other
On the contrary, constituting the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn；And under the conditions of high-tension, with helix shape,
Two beam filament fiber compositions of looping reversely with each other are drawn as linear, conversion as heart yarn, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber
It is helix shape by original linear variation, the periphery that is wrapped over two beam filament fiber compositions, is converted to fasciated yarn.It is practical
In, if the diameter of high-performance filament fiber is d, the diameter of the short fine yarn of carbon fiber is D, and D > d, then complex yarn exists
It receives compared with above structure phase transition can occur under the conditions of high tensile stress and cause complex yarn diameter from (2*d+D) to (2*D+d)
Thus variation, and (2*D+d)/(2*d+D) > 1 generate and draw the effect that rises, become negative poisson's ratio yarn, and practical concrete application
Effect is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
Embodiment two, the negative poisson's ratio of complex yarn are due to causing yarn lateral dimension to become in yarn texture phase transition
Change.If the diameter of heart yarn is D, the diameter of fasciated yarn 1 is d1, the diameter of fasciated yarn 2 is d2, take d=(d1+d2)/2.In low-tension
Under the conditions of complex yarn appearance diameter are as follows: (2*d+D), the appearance diameter of complex yarn under the conditions of high-tension are as follows: (2*D+
d).Then complex yarn diameter change rate is ε=- (D-d)/(D+2d).Generally, the negative poisson's ratio coefficient of yarn and diameter change rate
ε is positively correlated.If the difference value (D-d) of increased core component and looping component diameter, negative poisson's ratio coefficient is big, if reduced
The difference value (D-d) of first component yarn and the second component yarn diameter, then negative poisson's ratio coefficient is with regard to small.It is provided using the present invention
Spinning apparatus, the line density of looping component is basically unchanged in spinning process, and core component can regulate and control it by asynchronous drawing-off
The variation of line density and diameter regulates and controls core component and looping component by significantly regulating and controlling the variation of its line density namely diameter
The difference value (D-d) of diameter, thus diameter change rate ε=- (D-d)/(D+2d) of regulation complex yarn under the conditions of high-tension,
Change the negative poisson's ratio coefficient of composite yarn according to specified rule.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) the speed V of rear roller is regulated and controled by asynchronous draft mechanismh1(t)、Vh2(t), the second component yarn heart yarn is regulated and controled with this
Line density and diameter change.
If it is 4.6 grams/10 meters that core component raw material, which selects carbon fiber production rove to determine weight, two 33 μ of looping component selection/
The stainless steel filament of 1f, the twist factor 320 of composite yarn are spinned using the spinning machine that this patent provides.
The line density ρ of heart yarny(t)=[ρ1*Vh1(t)+ρ2*Vh2(t)]Vq3(t)；
The diameter of heart yarn
The looping twist T that fasciated yarn 1 twists heart yarn with Zn1=nd(t))/Vq3(t)；
The looping twist T that fasciated yarn 2 twists heart yarn with Sn2=nd(t))/Vq3(t)。
In different moments, by PLC regulate and control spinning parameters obtain complex yarn parameter and each component diameter such as the following table 2 and
Shown in table 3, wherein table 2 is complex yarn each component diameter, and table 3 is that complex yarn stretches front and back each component diameter and its variation
Rate.
Table 2
Table 3
Reversed bilayer looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn and its four-way hollow ingot designed by above-mentioned technical proposal are spun
Yarn feeding device and control method carry out reserved packet for flexible fluffy short fine yarn using the long filament fiber of two Gen Gaomo flatness
Twine the self-locking structure to form complex yarn, when low-tension, short fine yarn hardly by the constraint of reversed looping filament fiber therefore was kept
Linearly, short fibre yarn under the compressing of reversed looping filament fiber bends to helix, it can be achieved that structure phase when high-tension
Fast transition；Especially in the case where high and low tensile stress frequent alternation, the complex yarn of reserved packet entanglement structure can be fitted preferably
The reversible transition for answering this structure phase, ensures the validity of the Negative poisson's ratio of complex yarn；Meanwhile also by being watched by PLC
The line density of the asynchronous draft mechanism regulation staple fiber heart yarn of clothes driving, makes complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient according to default rule
The designability of yarn texture and its controllability of negative poisson's ratio coefficient distribution are realized in segmentation variation.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations
Mode within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
It makes a variety of changes.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn, it is characterised in that: including the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber
With two beam filament fiber compositions；Under the conditions of low-tension, the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber is linearly, constitutes complex yarn
Heart yarn, wherein a branch of filament fiber component carries out first layer looping to heart yarn as first layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape, separately
A branch of filament fiber component carries out heart yarn and first layer fasciated yarn composite structure as second layer fasciated yarn, with helix shape
Second layer looping, and the helix shape of the helix shape winding direction of first layer fasciated yarn and second layer fasciated yarn is wound
Direction is opposite each other, that is, constitutes the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn；And under the conditions of high-tension, with spiral
Wire shaped, looping reversely with each other two beam filament fiber compositions be drawn as linear, conversion as heart yarn, the short fine palpus of carbon fiber
Component is helix shape by original linear variation, is wrapped over two beam filament fiber compositions periphery is converted to looping
Yarn.
2. a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described multiple
The ratio of yarns internal carbon fibers short fine yarn component and two beam filament fiber compositions, it is close with the short fine yarn component line of carbon fiber
The variation of degree and change, that is, realize the control of the complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient.
3. a kind of empty for a kind of four-way of the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Heart ingot spinning device, it is characterised in that: including the asynchronous drawing-off channel of two-way and two reversed asynchronous twisted points；Wherein, two-way is different
Step drawing-off channel is used to receive the corresponding default two staple fiber rove items of the short fibre yarn component of the carbon fiber, and short to two
Fiber roving item carries out asynchronous drawing-off, aggregates into the short fine yarn component of a carbon fiber；
One of them asynchronous twisted point is used to receive the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber and wherein a branch of filament fiber component, and
It is twisted together, realizes the helix shape looping of the beam filament fiber composition fine yarn component short to carbon fiber, obtain the first packet
Twine composite structure；
Another asynchronous twisted point is twisted for receiving the first looping composite structure and another beam filament fiber composition
Close, realize the beam filament fiber composition to the helix shape looping of the first looping composite structure, and two asynchronous twisted points
Twisted direction is opposite each other, that is, obtains the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn.
4. a kind of hollow ingot spinning of four-way of the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn according to claim 3
Device, it is characterised in that: including PLC controller, rear roller axis (O4), it is the first rear roller (4-1), the second rear roller (4-2), auxiliary
Help rear axle (W1), middle roller axis (O6), middle roller (6-1), collector (M2), front roller axis (Q1), it is front roller (9-1), first empty
Heart ingot (K1) and the second hollow ingot (K2), and respectively with each roller shaft, auxiliary rear axle (W1), the first hollow ingot (K1), it is second empty
Heart ingot (K2) one-to-one servo motor, each roller shaft, auxiliary rear axle (W1), the first hollow ingot (K1), the second hollow ingot (K2)
It is connected respectively with corresponding servo motor；
Wherein, the internal diameter of both the first rear roller (4-1), second rear roller (4-2), outer diameter are mutually the same, and the rwo is interior
Diameter and rear roller axis (O4) outer diameter be adapted, the first rear roller (4-1) is sheathed on rear roller axis (O4) on, and the first rear roller
(4-1) and rear roller axis (O4) between be fixedly secured to one another using key；Second rear roller (4-2) is sheathed on rear roller axis (O4) on,
Second rear roller (4-2) and rear roller axis (O4) relatively rotate with respect to each other, assist rear axle (W1) where straight line and rear roller axis (O4) institute
It is parallel in straight line, the second rear roller (4-2) synchronized toothed belt (12) and auxiliary rear axle (W1) be connected to each other, the second rear roller
(4-2) is in auxiliary rear axle (W1) synchronized toothed belt transmission under and rotate；Middle roller (6-1) internal diameter and middle roller axis (O6)
Outer diameter is adapted, and middle roller (6-1) fixing sleeve is set to middle roller axis (O6) on；Front roller (9-1) internal diameter and front roller axis (Q1)
Outer diameter is adapted, and front roller (9-1) fixing sleeve is set to front roller axis (Q1) on；
PLC controller is docked respectively with each servo motor, based on PLC controller by each servo motor respectively to each roller shaft,
Assist rear axle (W1), the first hollow ingot (K1), the second hollow ingot (K2) control, the short fine yarn component of the carbon fiber is corresponding
Default two staple fiber rove items feed the first rear roller (4-1), the second rear roller (4-2) respectively, then pass through first respectively
Rear roller (4-1), the second rear roller (4-2) two staple fiber rove items through collector (M2) polymerize, constitute the short fibre of carbon fiber
Yarn component, and feed middle roller (6-1), that is, point position is held, then by holding the short fine yarn group of the carbon fiber of a position
Part feeding front roller (9-1), is further delivered to the first hollow ingot (K by front roller (9-1)1), the first hollow ingot (K1) connect simultaneously
Wherein a branch of filament fiber component and the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber are received, and is twisted together, realizes the beam filament fiber composition pair
The helix shape looping of the short fine yarn component of carbon fiber, obtains the first looping composite structure；Last first looping composite structure
It is delivered to the second hollow ingot (K2), the second hollow ingot (K2) receiving another beam filament fiber composition combines knot with the first looping simultaneously
Structure, and being twisted together realizes the beam filament fiber composition to the helix shape looping of the first looping composite structure, and first is empty
Heart ingot (K1) and the second hollow ingot (K2) twisted direction it is opposite each other, that is, it is compound to obtain reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio
Yarn.
5. a kind of four-way of the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn according to any one of claim 4
Hollow ingot spinning apparatus, it is characterised in that: further include respectively with the one-to-one servo-driver of each servo motor, the PLC
Controller is docked through each servo-driver, with corresponding servo motor respectively.
6. a kind of hollow ingot spinning of four-way of the reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn according to claim 5
Device, it is characterised in that: further include respectively with the one-to-one speed reducer of each servo motor, the PLC controller passes through respectively respectively
After servo-driver is sequentially connected in series corresponding servomotor, gear reducer, controll plant is docked.
7. one kind is for a kind of reversed double-deck looping structure negative poisson's ratio complex yarn described in any one of claim 3 to 6
The control method of four-way hollow ingot spinning apparatus, which is characterized in that the PLC controller is according to such as drag:
ρfy=[ρ1*Vh1(t)+ρ2*Vh2(t)]/Vq(t)+ρx1+ρx2
Regulate and control the line density ρ of three component composite yarns according to actual needsfyAnd the short fine yarn component mixing ratio K of carbon fibery(t)
With the mixing ratio K of each beam filament fiber compositionx1(t)、Kx2(t), the controllable variations for realizing composite yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient, reach
Become according to actual needs design complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient or regulation complex yarn negative poisson's ratio coefficient according to specified rule
The purpose of change；
Wherein, ρ1、ρ2The line density of the short fine corresponding default two staple fiber rove items of yarn component of the carbon fiber is respectively indicated,
ρx1、ρx2Respectively indicate the line density of each beam filament fiber composition, Vq(t)、VZ(t)、Vh1(t)、Vh2(t) before successively indicating respectively
Roller (9-1) speed, middle roller (6-1) speed, the first rear roller (4-1) speed, the second rear roller (4-2) speed.
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