CN110053725B - Ice breaking blade for icebreaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice breaking blade for an ice breaker, which relates to the technical field of ice breakers and comprises a bottom plate and two symmetrically arranged side plates, wherein the side plates, the bottom plate and a hull outer plate are welded completely to form a fully-closed structure; the continuous structure penetrating through the whole icebreaker is adopted, the bow part is provided with a pointed bow, the structure which is gradually changed from wide to straight is adopted towards the stern, a frame plate is arranged at each rib position, and a plug welding panel for welding and fixing the side plates is arranged at one side of each frame plate. The invention carries out finite element analysis, selects proper materials and excellent welding materials and welding process, improves the integral structural strength of the ice breaking blade, increases the ice breaking thickness, improves the ice breaking efficiency, develops a more economic channel and improves the rescue speed of trapped ships.

Description

Ice breaking blade for icebreaker

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of icebreakers, in particular to an ice breaking blade for an icebreaker.

Background

The ice breaker is a ship for breaking an ice layer on a water surface, opening a channel, ensuring that a ship enters and exits an ice-sealed port and an anchor land or guiding the ship to sail in an ice area, and is divided into a river, a lake, a harbor or a sea ice breaker, wherein usually, the polar region and the harbor or the sea surface of a cold region or a high-latitude region are frequently iced, the channel is blocked, and ice damages and influences the running of the ship, so that the ice breaker can be an essential tool for ensuring the smooth sailing of ice in the sea; secondly, the ice layer is crushed by collision and extrusion by utilizing the power of the ship, so that the air route is excavated. In the past, a collision ice breaking method is adopted, which is realized by utilizing the power provided by a ship body through equipment, but the method comprises the following steps: the hull has the defects of large size, slow ice breaking, high energy consumption and low efficiency; the conventional ice breaking thickness is relatively thin, and is generally about 0.3m, so that ice blocking sites are frequently encountered when a channel is opened, and the structural strength cannot be met mainly.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ice breaking blade for an ice breaking boat, which is arranged on a hull outer plate at the bottom of the ice breaking boat and comprises a bottom plate and two symmetrically arranged side plates, wherein the side plates, the bottom plate and the hull outer plate are welded completely to form a fully-closed structure; the ice skate is a continuous box structure which is attached outside an inner keel in a ship body and is arranged along the ship length direction, the bow part and the center line form an inclination angle of 12 degrees on a single surface, a structure that the bow part is gradually widened and transited to be flat and then narrowed towards the stern is adopted, a frame plate connected with a side plate on one side is arranged at each rib position, and a plug welding panel used for welding and fixing the frame plate and the side plate is arranged between one side of the frame plate and the side plate.

The technical effects are as follows: on one hand, the frame plate is arranged at each rib position to serve as a transverse reinforcing structure of the ice breaking blade, and the plug welding panel is arranged between one side of the frame plate and the side plate to serve as a steel liner for finally welding the side plate, so that the overall structural strength of the ice breaking blade which is of a totally-enclosed structure is improved; on the other hand, the ice skate is of a continuous structure penetrating through the whole ship, the sharp bow at the bow is convenient for providing a strong stress point when the bow breaks ice, the structure which gradually becomes wider towards the stern and then transits to be straight and then becomes narrow is convenient for breaking ice when the ship backs, simultaneously, the ice skate is beneficial to discharge broken ice, and the ice skate penetrates through the whole ship towards the stern, so that the course stability can be improved. Therefore, the ice breaking boat skillfully solves the technical problems of ice blocking and insufficient structural strength of the ice breaking boat through scientific structural arrangement, thereby increasing the thickness of ice breaking and improving the ice breaking efficiency.

The technical scheme of the invention is further defined as follows:

in the ice breaking blade for the ice breaker, the bottom plate, the side plates, the frame plate and the plug welding panel are all made of high-strength steel with yield strength of more than 355 MPa.

The ice blade for the ice breaker has the following calculation mode of the thickness of the vertical outer plate of the stem ice blade:

wherein s is the spacing between the stiffening materials;

the maximum value is 1.0, wherein h corresponds to four different values of 0.35, 0.30, 0.25 and 0.22 for four different ice layer grades in the Finland-Swedish ice class Specification;

ppl is the load, Ppl is 0.75P, P is the propulsion power;

σ_y＝355MPa；

t_c＝2mm。

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the sharp-pointed structures at the head and the tail of the ice skate are designed to be beneficial to efficient ice breaking, and the enlarged bow design can enhance the strength of the ice skate at the bow and guide the crushed ice to disperse towards the left side and the right side, so that the crushed ice is prevented from being accumulated at the bow, and the continuous efficient ice breaking of a ship is ensured;

(2) according to the method, the proper thickness can be efficiently and accurately selected according to the ice breaking blade calculation method, the finite element analysis and verification are carried out on the strength of the ice breaking blade under the ice breaking working condition through software modeling, and the plate thickness data meeting the design requirement are obtained, so that the working condition effectiveness of the ice breaking blade is ensured;

(3) the invention selects the low-temperature resistant and high-strength steel, and further enhances the overall structural strength of the ice-breaking skate blade.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exemplary node of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a hull outer plate; 2. a side plate; 3. a base plate; 4. plug welding the panel; 5. a frame plate.

Detailed Description

The ice breaking blade for the ice breaker provided by the embodiment has the structure shown in fig. 1-2, is arranged on the hull outer plate 1 at the bottom of the ice breaker, and comprises a bottom plate 3 and two symmetrically arranged side plates 2, wherein the side plates 2, the bottom plate 3 and the hull outer plate 1 are welded completely to form a fully-closed structure. The ice skate is a continuous box structure which is attached to the outside of an inner keel in a ship body and is arranged along the ship length direction, the bow part and the center line form an inclination angle of 12 degrees on a single surface, a structure of gradually widening to being straight and then narrowing is adopted towards the stern, the width is increased to 2m through arc transition in the range of 5m towards the stern, the arc is transited to 0.8m in the range of 4m and keeps straight and continuing to the stern part, and the inclination angle of 12 degrees on the single surface is crossed with the center line in the range of 2m at the tail end of the stern part. And a frame plate 5 connected with the side plate 2 on one side is arranged at each rib position, and a plug welding panel 4 for welding and fixing the frame plate 5 and the side plate 2 is arranged between the side plate and the side plate. The bottom plate 3, the side plates 2, the frame plate 5 and the plug welding panel 4 are made of high-strength steel with yield strength of more than 355MPa, such as AH36 and DH36 high-strength steel plates. The full penetration welding material adopts CO matched with the grade of the high-strength steel base metal₂Flux cored wires, such as E71T-1C flux cored wires, are preheated before welding, insulated after welding, and subjected to nondestructive inspection after 48 hours.

The calculation method of the thickness of the vertical outer plate of the bow ice skate comprises the following steps:

wherein s is the spacing between the stiffening materials;

the maximum value is 1.0, wherein h corresponds to four different values of 0.35, 0.30, 0.25 and 0.22 for four different ice layer grades in the Finland-Swedish ice class Specification, i.e. h is a maximum value of

Ice Class	h0[m]	h[m]
			IA Super	1.0	0.35
IA	0.8	0.30
			IB	0.6	0.25
IC	0.4	0.22

；

Ppl is the load, Ppl is 0.75P, P is the propulsion power;

σ_y＝355MPa；

t_c＝2mm。

such as:

the design of the invention can be used for the icebreaker to break hard, thick and large-area ice blocks when sailing in the arctic circle sea area, and is an ice breaking sharp device for special icebreakers which open up economic navigation areas and rescue trapped ships. The invention improves the ice breaking grade, is beneficial to improving the discharge speed of the crushed ice at the bottom of the ship, increases the structural strength and the ice breaking efficiency of the main ship body, and simultaneously improves the course stability.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides an ice blade that opens ice for icebreaker installs in hull planking (1) of icebreaker bottom, its characterized in that: the ship hull outer plate welding structure comprises a bottom plate (3) and two side plates (2) which are symmetrically arranged, wherein the side plates (2), the bottom plate (3) and the ship hull outer plate (1) form a fully-closed structure through full penetration welding; the ice skate is a continuous box structure which is attached to the outside of an inner keel in a ship body and is arranged along the ship length direction, the bow part and the center line form a single-face 12-degree inclination angle, a structure that the bow part is gradually widened and transited to be flat and then narrowed is adopted towards the stern, a frame plate (5) for connecting one side of the side plate (2) is arranged at each rib position, and a plug welding panel (4) for welding and fixing the frame plate (5) and the side plate (2) is arranged between one side of the frame plate (5) and the side plate (2).

2. An ice-breaking blade for an ice-breaking vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom plate (3), the side plates (2), the frame plate (5) and the plug welding panel (4) are all made of high-strength steel with yield strength of more than 355 MPa.

3. An ice-breaking blade for an ice-breaking vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calculation method of the thickness of the vertical outer plate of the bow ice skate comprises the following steps:

(a transverse framework type),

wherein s is the spacing between the stiffening materials;

the maximum value is 1.0, wherein h corresponds to four different values of 0.35, 0.30, 0.25 and 0.22 for four different ice layer grades in the Finland-Swedish ice class Specification;

ppl is the load, Ppl is 0.75P, P is the propulsion power;

σ_y＝355MPa；

t_c＝2mm。

Images