CN110043614A - A kind of array cyclic train mechanism and speed changer - Google Patents
A kind of array cyclic train mechanism and speed changer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110043614A CN110043614A CN201910432401.7A CN201910432401A CN110043614A CN 110043614 A CN110043614 A CN 110043614A CN 201910432401 A CN201910432401 A CN 201910432401A CN 110043614 A CN110043614 A CN 110043614A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
- F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
- F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
- F16H3/56—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears both central gears being sun gears
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Abstract
The present invention relates to mechanical transmission fields, disclose a kind of array cyclic train mechanism and speed changer, which includes: the first sun gear and the second sun gear, and the first sun gear and the second sun gear are coaxially disposed；Multiple first planetary gears and the second planetary gear, the first planetary gear are engaged with first sun gear and second planetary gear, and second planetary gear is engaged with second sun gear and first planetary gear；Wherein, the two sides of each first planetary gear are engaged from different second planetary gears respectively, and the two sides of each second planetary gear are engaged from different first planetary gears respectively.Array cyclic train of the present invention mechanism can make the stress of the first row star-wheel and the second planetary gear more balanced and smaller, reduce the tooth surface abrasion and noise of the first row star-wheel shape and the second planetary gear, and keep the bearing capacity of cyclic train mechanism higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical transmission fields, more particularly to a kind of array cyclic train mechanism and speed changer.
Background technique
Cyclic train mechanism refers to that, in transmission, the geometrical axis position of at least one gear is not fixed in train, but
The mechanism turned round around the fixed axis of another gear.Cyclic train mechanism includes sun gear and planetary gear more than two, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, disclosing in cyclic train mechanism includes two sun gears and two rows of planetary gears, wherein two sun gears point
Not Wei the first sun gear 1, the second sun gear 4, the first sun gear 1, the coaxial arrangement of the second sun gear 4 and can independently rotate, it is two rows of
Planetary gear includes the first planetary gear 3 and the second planetary gear 2, wherein the second planetary gear 3 is short planetary gear, and the first planetary gear 2 is length
Planetary gear, the second planetary gear 3 and the first planetary gear 2 share a planet carrier 5.Wherein, the first planetary gear 2 respectively with second sun
Wheel 4 and the second planetary gear 3 engage, and the second planetary gear 3 is engaged with the second planetary gear 2 and the first sun gear 1.Cyclic train mechanism knot
Structure is compact, can be used as export structure by sun gear, planet carrier 5, is widely used in speed changer field.
In Patent No. ZL201611103693.2, a kind of entitled patent of the dry friction external control type without gear ring speed changer
In, the double planetary gear structure of no gear ring similar with cyclic train mechanism shown in Fig. 1 is also disclosed in the patent.
However in the implementation of the present invention, inventor has found existing cyclic train mechanism and patent
The double planetary gear structure without gear ring in ZL201611103693.2, all has that gear noise is big, and bearing capacity is more low asks
Topic.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, it may be necessary to a kind of new cyclic train mechanism be provided, for solving existing cyclic train organization gear noise
Greatly, the lower technical problem of bearing capacity.
To achieve the above object, a kind of array cyclic train mechanism, the array cyclic train are inventor provided
Mechanism includes:
First sun gear and the second sun gear, first sun gear and second sun gear are coaxially disposed and can be independent
Rotation；
First planetary gear and the second planetary gear, first planetary gear and second planetary gear distinguish rotatable setting
In on the planet carrier, first planetary gear is engaged with first sun gear and second planetary gear, second row
Star-wheel is engaged with second sun gear and first planetary gear；
Wherein, there are multiple first planetary gears and second planetary gear, and the two of each first planetary gear
Side is engaged from different second planetary gears respectively, the two sides of each second planetary gear respectively from the different the first rows
Star-wheel engagement.
Further, first sun gear is identical with the diameter and the number of teeth of second planetary gear, and described second too
Sun wheel is equal with the diameter of first planetary gear and the number of teeth.
Further, the number of first planetary gear and second planetary gear is respectively three.
Further, first sun gear and second sun gear pass through set shaft assembly coaxial arrangement, the set axis
Component includes central axis and the set axis for being sheathed on the central axis periphery, and the central axis is connect with first sun gear, institute
Set axis is stated to connect with second sun gear.
Further, first planetary gear and second planetary gear are rotatably arranged on by needle bearing respectively
On the planet carrier.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides another technical solutions:
A kind of speed changer, including cyclic train mechanism, the cyclic train mechanism are described in any of the above technical solution
Cyclic train mechanism, first sun gear or the second sun gear are the control terminal of transmission power input terminal and speed changer, institute
Stating planet carrier is transmission power output end.
Further, one grade and two grades of two gears are included at least；
At one grade, first sun gear is power input, and the second sun gear braking, the planet carrier is power
Output, the planetary gear is rotated around second sun gear or second sun gear is power input, and described first too
Sun wheel braking, the planet carrier is power output member, and the planetary gear is rotated around first sun gear；
At two grades, first sun gear or second sun gear are power input, and the planet carrier is that power is defeated
Part out, first sun gear or second sun gear are in conjunction with the planet carrier, first sun gear, the second sun gear
And the planet carrier synchronous rotary.
Further, the speed changer is the speed changer of electric car, the drive of the input terminal connecting electric automobile of speed changer
Dynamic motor, the output end of speed changer and the transmission axis connection of electric car.
It is different from the prior art, in the array cyclic train mechanism of above-mentioned technical proposal, each first planetary gear
Two sides engaged respectively from different second planetary gears, the two sides of each second planetary gear are respectively from different described the
The engagement of one planetary gear keeps the stress of the first row star-wheel shape and the second planetary gear more balanced and more to form array architecture
It is small, the noise of the first row star-wheel shape and the second planetary gear is reduced, and keep the bearing capacity of cyclic train mechanism higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of cyclic train mechanism described in background technique；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of 3 groups of planetary gear array cyclic train mechanisms of specific embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the stress analysis schematic diagram of the first planetary gear in array cyclic train mechanism described in specific embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the stress analysis schematic diagram for comparing the first planetary gear in cyclic train mechanism in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of 4 groups of planetary gear array cyclic train mechanisms of a specific embodiment；
Description of symbols:
1, the first sun gear；
2, the first planetary gear；
3, the second planetary gear；
4, the second sun gear；
5, planet carrier；
Specific embodiment
Technology contents, construction feature, the objects and the effects for detailed description technical solution, below in conjunction with specific reality
It applies example and attached drawing is cooperated to be explained in detail.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 is please referred to, a kind of array cyclic train mechanism is present embodiments provided.As shown in Fig. 2, the array
Formula cyclic train mechanism includes the first sun gear 1, the second sun gear 4, the first planetary gear 2, the second planetary gear 3 and planet carrier 5.Its
In, the first sun gear 1 and the second sun gear 4 of array cyclic train mechanism are coaxially disposed (i.e. first sun in the present embodiment
Wheel 1 and the second sun gear 4 are one in front and one in back located along the same line), and the first sun gear 1 and the second sun gear 4 are mutually solely
Vertical rotation, wherein the first sun gear 1 can be big sun gear, the second sun gear 4 can be small sun gear, i.e. the first sun gear
1 diameter is greater than the diameter of the second sun gear 4.First sun gear 1 and the second sun gear 4 can coaxially be set by set shaft assembly realization
It sets, specifically, set axle construction includes central axis and the set axis for being sheathed on the central axis periphery, the central axis and described first
Sun gear 1 connects, and the set axis is connect with second sun gear 4.The first sun gear 1 and second is realized by the set shaft assembly
Sun gear 4 is coaxially disposed, and the structure of the cyclic train mechanism can be made more compact.
First planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 are rotatably arranged on respectively on planet carrier 5, the first planetary gear 2 and first
Sun gear 1 and the engagement of the second planetary gear 3, the second planetary gear 3 are engaged with the second sun gear 4 and the first planetary gear 2.Wherein,
First planetary gear 2 can be long planetary gear, and the second planetary gear 3 can be short planetary gear, the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3
Can have multiple, multiple first planetary gears 2 and the second planetary gear of same number 3 can be along the first sun gear 1 and the second sun gears 4
Even distribution, i.e. realization array cyclic train mechanism, wherein array cyclic train mechanism refers to the first planetary gear 2 and the second row
Star-wheel 3 successively engages the annular for forming closure.Wherein, the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 can by pin shaft and bearing with
Planet carrier 5 connects, and specific pin shaft is fixed on planet carrier 5, and the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 are set by bearing respectively
It is placed on different pin shafts.Preferably, the bearing is needle bearing.
As shown in Fig. 2, it is different from existing cyclic train mechanism or planetary wheel mechanism, in the present embodiment, the battle array
Column cyclic train mechanism does not have gear ring, and the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 are around the first sun gear 1 or the second sun gear 4
Rotation, and the two sides of each first planetary gear 2 are engaged from different second planetary gears 3 respectively, same each second planetary gear 3
Two sides engaged respectively from different the first planetary gear 2.As shown in Figure 2, wherein arrow is respectively the second sun gear 4, the first row
The direction of rotation of star-wheel 2 and the second planetary gear 3, when the second sun gear 4 is power intake, array cyclic train
3 stress of the second sun gear of mechanism rotates, and the second sun gear 4 rotates and each second planetary gear 3 engaged is driven to rotate, by
It is engaged with the first planetary gear 2 respectively in the two sides of the second planetary gear 3, i.e., is provided with first between two neighboring second planetary gear 3
Planetary gear 2, and power transmitting is carried out by first planetary gear 2, to keep the stress of the second planetary gear 3 smaller.Likewise, when the
In the case that one sun gear 1 is power intake, the stress of the first planetary gear 2 also can be smaller.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, when Fig. 3 is the work of array cyclic train mechanism described in above-described embodiment, the first planet
The stress analysis schematic diagram of wheel 2, Fig. 4 are the stress point of comparative example (i.e. existing cyclic train mechanism) first planetary gear 2
Analyse schematic diagram.
Wherein: Ft12It is the first sun gear 1 to the force of periphery of the first planetary gear 2；
Fr12It is the first sun gear 1 to the radial force of the first planetary gear 2；
Ft32It is the second planetary gear 3 to the force of periphery of the first planetary gear 2；
Ft3'2It is another second planetary gear 3 to the force of periphery of the first planetary gear 2；
Fr32It is the second planetary gear 3 to the radial force of the first planetary gear 2；
Fr3'2It is another second planetary gear 3 to the radial force of the first planetary gear 2；
FH2xComponent for planet carrier 5 to 2 constraint reaction of the first planetary gear in X-axis, the component are active component；
FH2yComponent for planet carrier 5 to 2 constraint reaction of the first planetary gear in Y-axis, the component are harmful component；
By formula: ∑ M0=0, wherein M0For the conjunction of the torque of 2 axis point O point external force of the first planetary gear in Fig. 3, can derive
Out in the present embodiment:
And in documents embodiment (i.e. existing cyclic train mechanism): Ft32=Ft12；
As it can be seen that in the present embodiment, as the input force of periphery F of the first planetary gear 2t12When constant, the force of periphery of output is distinguished
It is shared by two the second planetary gears 3；
Due to: ∑ Fy=0, wherein Fy is the conjunction of external force of first planetary gear 2 in Y-axis, it is known that, in the present embodiment,
FH2y=Fr12+(Ft32)y+(Ft3'2)y+(Fr32)y+(Fr3'2)y, wherein
FH2yFor the first stress in Y-axis of planetary gear 2；
Fr12It is the first sun gear 1 to the radial component of the first planetary gear 2；
(Ft32)yFor the second planetary gear 3 to the circumference of the first planetary gear 2 to component；
(Ft3'2)yFor 3 ' of the second planetary gear to the circumference of the first planetary gear 2 to component；
(Fr32)yIt is the second planetary gear 3 to the radial component of the first planetary gear 2；
(Fr3'2)yIt is 3 ' of the second planetary gear to the radial component of the first planetary gear 2；
And in documents embodiment, FH2y=Fr12+(Ft32)y+(Fr32)y；
Because of (Ft32)yWith (Ft3'2)yIt is equal in magnitude contrary, therefore offset each other；
And in the present embodiment, (Ft32)y+(Fr3'2)y(F in size and documents embodimentr32)yIt is equal, therefore at this
F in embodimentH2yLess than the F in comparative exampleH2y, i.e., harmful component is smaller.By comparing above it is found that with existing epicyclic wheel
It is that mechanism compares, the array cyclic train mechanism in the present embodiment can reduce the stress of the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3
It is smaller, therefore noise is also smaller, while the bearing capacity of Ye Shi cyclic train mechanism is higher.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 respectively there are three, the two sides point of the second planetary gear 3
It is not engaged with the first planetary gear 2 and 2 ' of the first planetary gear, and the first planetary gear 2 and 2 ' of the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear
Angle between 3 is respectively 60 °, i.e., the angle between two neighboring first planetary gear is 120 °, therefore of the first planetary gear 2
Number is three, and three the first planetary gears 2 are uniformly distributed in the periphery of the first sun gear 1.Likewise, two neighboring second planet
Angle between wheel 3 is also 120 °, and the number of the second planetary gear 3 is also three, three the second uniformly distributions of planetary gear 3
In the periphery of the second sun gear 4.As shown in figure 5, in one embodiment, the number of the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 is distinguished
It is four, in other embodiments, the first planetary gear 2 and the second planetary gear 3 can be four or more.
Array cyclic train of the present invention mechanism can realize two different transmission ratios, it is assumed that the number of teeth of the first sun gear 1
For Z1, the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 2 is Z2, the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 3 is Z3, the number of teeth of the second sun gear 4 is Z4, wherein Z4
< Z1.When the first sun gear 1 is power input wheel, and the second sun gear 4 is control wheel (braking of the second sun gear 4), this week
Turn the transmission ratio of gear mechanism are as follows:
It, should when the second sun gear 4 is power input wheel, and the first sun gear 1 is control wheel (braking of the first sun gear 1)
The transmission ratio of cyclic train mechanism are as follows:
When controlling power input wheel and being combined with planet carrier 5, (i.e. the first sun gear 1 or the second sun gear 4 and planet carrier 5 are logical
When crossing the mechanisms such as clutch and being combined together), it can be achieved that 1:1 transmission ratio.
In one embodiment, the number of teeth of the first sun gear 1 is equal with the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 3, the tooth of the second sun gear 4
Number, i.e. Z equal with the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 21=Z3, Z2=Z4.In this embodiment, due to Z1=Z3, Z2=Z4, therefore should
Need to only two kinds of gears (not including gear ring) be used to make the turnover to substantially reduce the specification of gear in cyclic train mechanism
The production cost of gear mechanism is lower.
It as shown in the following Table 1, is the tooth number Z of the first sun gear 1 in the embodiment1With the tooth number Z of the second sun gear 44With week
The table of runner system transmission ratio；
| Z1 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Z4 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 |
| i | 1.61 | 1.66 | 1.73 | 1.8 |
| i' | 2.647 | 2.5 | 2.37 | 2.25 |
Table 1
And in further embodiments, the number of teeth of the number of teeth of the first sun gear 1 and the second planetary gear 3 can be unequal, the
The number of teeth of two sun gears 4 and the number of teeth of the first planetary gear 2 can also be unequal, i.e. Z1≠Z4, Z2≠Z3, at this time still can be real
Existing comprehensive array cyclic train mechanism.For example, in one embodiment, the tooth number Z of the first sun gear 11=30, the first planetary gear
2 tooth number Z2=24, the tooth number Z of the second planetary gear 33=25, the tooth number Z of the second sun gear 44=32, at this point, each the first row
Star-wheel 2 still can be engaged with the second planetary gear 3 of two sides, and first planetary gear 2 of each second planetary gear 3 still with two sides
Engagement.
In another embodiment, a kind of speed changer is provided, which includes array cyclic train mechanism, the battle array
Column cyclic train mechanism is array cyclic train mechanism described in above embodiments.Wherein, the array epicyclic wheel
The first sun gear 1 or the second sun gear 4 for being mechanism are transmission power input terminal, and the planet carrier 5 is that transmission power is defeated
Outlet, which has two gears of gear and direct high, wherein when gear, when the first sun gear 1 is power input
End, when the second sun gear 4 is control wheel (i.e. the second sun gear 4 braking), the transmission ratio of the speed changer are as follows:
It, should when the second sun gear 4 is power input wheel, and the first sun gear 1 is control wheel (i.e. the first sun gear 1 braking)
The transmission ratio of speed changer are as follows:
Another shelves is 1:1 grades (i.e. direct high), at this time the first sun gear 1 or the second sun gear 4 of cyclic train mechanism
It is combined together with planet carrier 5, entire cyclic train mechanism is equivalent to a transmission shaft, to realize synchronous rotary.
The speed changer can also be achieved neutral gear, and when the first sun gear 1 and the rotation of the second sun gear 4, i.e. two sun gears are all
In the case where not braking, the output end planet carrier 5 of the speed changer does not just have power output, to realize neutral gear.
The speed changer can be used for the speed changer of electric car, wherein the drive of the input terminal connecting electric automobile of speed changer
Dynamic motor, the output end of speed changer and the transmission axis connection of electric car.
It should be noted that being not intended to limit although the various embodiments described above have been described herein
Scope of patent protection of the invention.Therefore, it based on innovative idea of the invention, change that embodiment described herein is carried out and is repaired
Change, or using equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, it directly or indirectly will be with
Upper technical solution is used in other related technical areas, is included within scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of array cyclic train mechanism characterized by comprising
First sun gear and the second sun gear, first sun gear and second sun gear are coaxially disposed and can independently revolve
Turn；
First planetary gear and the second planetary gear, first planetary gear and second planetary gear are rotatably arranged on institute respectively
It states on planet carrier, first planetary gear is engaged with first sun gear and second planetary gear, second planetary gear
It is engaged with second sun gear and first planetary gear；
Wherein, there are multiple first planetary gears and second planetary gear, and the two sides of each first planetary gear point
Do not engaged from different second planetary gears, the two sides of each second planetary gear respectively from different first planetary gears
Engagement.
2. array cyclic train according to claim 1 mechanism, which is characterized in that first sun gear and described
The diameter and the number of teeth of two planetary gears are identical, and second sun gear is equal with the diameter of first planetary gear and the number of teeth.
3. array cyclic train according to claim 1 mechanism, which is characterized in that first planetary gear and described
The number of two planetary gears is respectively three.
4. array cyclic train according to claim 1 mechanism, which is characterized in that first sun gear and described
For two sun gears by set shaft assembly coaxial arrangement, the set shaft assembly includes central axis and the set for being sheathed on the central axis periphery
Axis, the central axis are connect with first sun gear, and the set axis is connect with second sun gear.
5. array cyclic train according to claim 1 mechanism, which is characterized in that first planetary gear and described
Two planetary gears pass through needle bearing respectively and are rotatably arranged on the planet carrier.
6. a kind of speed changer, which is characterized in that including cyclic train mechanism, the cyclic train mechanism is claim 1 to 5 times
Array cyclic train mechanism described in one, first sun gear or the second sun gear are transmission power input terminal and speed change
The control terminal of device, the planet carrier are transmission power output end.
7. speed changer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that include at least one grade and two grades of two gears；
At one grade, first sun gear is power input, and the second sun gear braking, the planet carrier is power output
Part, the planetary gear is rotated around second sun gear or second sun gear is power input, first sun gear
Braking, the planet carrier are power output member, and the planetary gear is rotated around first sun gear；
At two grades, first sun gear or second sun gear are power input, and the planet carrier is power output member,
First sun gear or second sun gear in conjunction with the planet carrier, first sun gear, the second sun gear and
The planet carrier synchronous rotary.
8. speed changer according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the speed changer is the speed changer of electric car, speed change
The driving motor of the input terminal connecting electric automobile of device, the output end of speed changer and the driving wheel of electric car connect.
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| CN201910432401.7A CN110043614B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Array type epicyclic gear train mechanism and transmission |
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| CN201910432401.7A CN110043614B (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | Array type epicyclic gear train mechanism and transmission |
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| CN110043614B CN110043614B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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| CN103195886A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile and transmission thereof |
| CN203248636U (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-10-23 | 袁辉 | Gear transmission |
| CN106499782A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-03-15 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of dry friction external control type is without gear ring speed changer |
| CN106939929A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-11 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of shift transmission of mono-tooth ring dry friction external control three |
| CN106979285A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-25 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of shift transmission of Double gear-ring dry friction external control three |
| CN207701696U (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-08-07 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of three shift transmission of mono-tooth ring dry friction external control |
| CN108223722A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-06-29 | 山东大学 | A kind of no gear ring planetary gear speed change system and method for changing speed |
| CN210153160U (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-03-17 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | Array type epicyclic gear train mechanism and transmission |
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| CN110043614B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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