CN110043318B - Sound vibration data acquisition device for tail beam of caving coal hydraulic support - Google Patents
Sound vibration data acquisition device for tail beam of caving coal hydraulic support Download PDFInfo
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- CN110043318B CN110043318B CN201910316720.1A CN201910316720A CN110043318B CN 110043318 B CN110043318 B CN 110043318B CN 201910316720 A CN201910316720 A CN 201910316720A CN 110043318 B CN110043318 B CN 110043318B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012857 repacking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/12—Control, e.g. using remote control
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sound vibration data acquisition device for a tail beam of a caving coal hydraulic support. The device is arranged at the tail beam position of the hydraulic support, and judges whether the hydraulic support is in a coal discharge state or not by collecting and analyzing tail beam motion data. If the hydraulic support is in a coal caving state, the device collects sound and vibration data in the coal caving process and stores the sound and vibration data in a memory inside the device, and the collected data can be further transmitted out through a communication interface; and if the coal is not discharged, the device stops collecting sound and vibration data. After the coal discharge is finished, the acoustic vibration data stored in the device can be read and processed by an external computer. The device does not need manual intervention in the acquisition process, does not need external power supply, and is convenient for field use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to a sound vibration data acquisition device for a tail beam of a caving coal hydraulic support.
Background
At present, the caving of the top coal is basically judged and controlled by workers, the dust on the coal face is large, the conditions are severe, the health and the safety of field operation workers are threatened, the caving degree of the top coal is difficult to accurately judge by the workers, and the over-caving and under-caving of the top coal are inevitably caused. The excessive discharge can discharge a large amount of top plate gangue, thereby causing the coal quality to be reduced and the transportation and washing cost to be increased; coal is lost due to the lack of discharge, thereby causing a reduction in recovery. Therefore, the automatic identification of the coal gangue is the basis for realizing the automation of the top coal caving mining, is an important means for improving the coal mining rate, improving the coal quality and reducing the cost, and is also beneficial to improving the labor condition of workers, reducing the personal casualty accidents and improving the labor production efficiency.
At present, various automatic coal caving methods have been proposed in academia, but most of the methods stay in the laboratory demonstration stage, the discussed working conditions are simple, and the used data are ideal. The coal face has severe working conditions and complex working conditions, and various collected data can be interfered by various noises, so that the existing automatic coal discharging method cannot be applied to actual production. The reason why the situation is more serious is that a large amount of field data is difficult to collect, and then a coal and gangue identification method with good adaptability and high reliability is developed based on the actual field data. Therefore, the development of the data acquisition device of the top coal caving hydraulic support, which has the advantages of low cost, no need of manual intervention, long-time acquisition, convenient use and high applicability, is the basis for realizing the automatic identification of the coal and the gangue.
Patent CN201520792812 among "a combine and put working face coal petrography characteristic signal collection system that collapses" collection system needs artifical the participation when combining to adopt on the working face data acquisition, must elect the special person on duty, can't realize unmanned automatic acquisition, and is using during collection system, need carry out a large amount of improvements and upgrade or use the hydraulic support supporting with collection system to current hydraulic support, increased use cost again under the high-cost prerequisite of collection system self, be unfavorable for collection system's popularization to still there is storage capacity limited, can't once only gather a large amount of sound and vibration data, can not work shortcoming such as for a long time.
In order to realize the automatic acquisition of the sound vibration data of the tail beam of the hydraulic support, the following two problems must be solved:
1. according to the analysis, the acceleration generated by the action of the tail beam and the acceleration generated by the vibration have great difference, and the existing vibration sensor is difficult to realize high precision and low power consumption at the same time of high dynamic range and high bandwidth;
2. the automatic identification of the action of the tail beam of the hydraulic support controls the acquisition device to start and stop data acquisition at proper time, so that the energy and storage space consumption of the acquisition device is as small as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that sound vibration data of an automatic caving coal mining field are difficult to acquire, the invention provides the sound vibration data acquisition device for the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support, which has the advantages of low cost, no need of manual intervention, long-time acquisition, convenience in use and high applicability.
When the top coal is put, the tail beam of the hydraulic support is in a motion state of slowly swinging up and down, and the change of the pitching angle of the tail beam can cause the gravity acceleration component of the acquisition device in each direction to change; when the coal is not put or the frame is moved, the gravity acceleration component change of the tail beam in each direction is not obvious. It can be determined that the component of the gravitational acceleration in each direction of the tail boom has the characteristics of small variation range (generally not greater than 1g, g is unit gravitational acceleration), slow variation and the like. During the coal caving process, the top coal or gangue falls on the tail beam of the hydraulic support, and the tail beam can vibrate, and the vibration signal has a large dynamic range (generally not less than 10g) and a large signal bandwidth (generally more than or equal to 10 kHz). The invention provides a technical scheme of combining a high-precision, low-bandwidth and low-power consumption sensor S1 with a high-bandwidth and high-dynamic range sensor S2, respectively collecting a motion signal of a tail beam of a hydraulic support and a vibration signal generated by falling of coal and gangue, and then collecting sound data in the process of caving top coal by using a sound sensor S3.
Further, in order to facilitate field use and achieve the purpose of long-time acquisition, the microcontroller unit always acquires the signal of the high-precision, low-bandwidth and low-power consumption sensor S1 at a low sampling frequency (for example, 1Hz), and judges whether the hydraulic support is in a coal discharge state or not by comparing the change of the signal or utilizing a motion recognition algorithm. If the microcontroller module judges that the hydraulic support is in a non-coal-caving state, data of the high-bandwidth and high-dynamic-range sensor S2 and the sound sensor S3 are not collected, or power supplies of the high-bandwidth and high-dynamic-range sensor S2, the sound sensor S3 and related modules are further turned off; if the hydraulic mount is in the coal-out state, the microcontroller stores the data for the high-bandwidth, high-dynamic-range sensor S2 and the sound sensor S3 at a sampling rate (e.g., 48KHz) that is no less than twice the signal bandwidth and stores the data in memory internal to the device.
The invention reduces the performance index requirement on a single sensor by adopting the multi-sensor combination, meets the measurement requirement and effectively reduces the device cost. By automatically identifying the coal caving state and adding the low power consumption mode in the non-coal caving state, the automatic sound vibration data acquisition without manual intervention is realized, the power consumption of the device is reduced, and the working time of the device on site is prolonged. This device adopts the battery power supply, need not external power supply, need not to have the repacking and upgrading of hydraulic support when using this device, has reduced use cost, easily deploys, and application scope is wider. In addition, the device can generate a large amount of sound vibration data after long-time collection, so that the storage unit adopts a large-capacity nonvolatile memory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation position of the acoustic vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the hydraulic support for caving coal
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the acoustic vibration data acquisition device for the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support comprises a microprocessor unit 11, a vibration sensing unit 12, a sound sensor 13, a storage unit 14, a communication unit 15 and a power supply unit 16.
The first microprocessor 111 in the microprocessor unit 11 may employ a high-performance processor having a sleep function; the motion sensor 122 in the vibration sensing unit 12 may be a low-power, low-bandwidth, low-measurement-range three-axis digital or analog accelerometer capable of measuring static acceleration, and is connected to the first microprocessor 111; the vibration sensor 121 adopts a high-bandwidth and high-measurement-range digital or analog accelerometer and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the sound sensor 13 adopts a high-bandwidth high-measurement-range digital or analog microphone and a high-bandwidth high-measurement-range digital or analog ultrasonic sensor, and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the storage unit 14 is a large-capacity nonvolatile memory and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the communication unit 15 is a wired or wireless module and is connected with the first bit processor 11; the charging module 161 in the power supply unit 16 is connected to the battery 162; the battery 162 adopts a mine intrinsic safety type lithium battery, meets the national standard, and is suitable for being used under a coal mine; the first voltage stabilization module 163 is connected to the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the motion sensor 122, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14, and the communication unit 15, respectively.
The acoustic vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support in the embodiment is placed in a waterproof shell, can effectively prevent water and dust, and is adsorbed at the position of the tail beam of the hydraulic support through a strong magnet as shown in figure 3.
When the acoustic vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support is powered on for the first time, the first microprocessor 111 finishes initialization in a non-caving coal state, enables the motion sensor 122, records acceleration components on each coordinate axis of the motion sensor 122 as reference coordinates, and the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 are kept in a low power consumption state.
The first microprocessor 111 reads acceleration components on all coordinate axes of the motion sensor 122 in real time through low sampling frequency, obtains a real-time static acceleration signal and a real-time dynamic acceleration signal through decomposition of a digital filter, and can accurately obtain a real-time motion state of the tail beam of the hydraulic support, namely a coal caving state and a non-coal caving state according to comparison of the static acceleration and a reference coordinate, so that the requirement of automatic data acquisition is met.
During the sampling interval of the low sampling frequency, the first microprocessor 111 enters a low power consumption state, further reducing the power consumption of the device.
The dynamic acceleration signal can be used as a vibration signal detail component to make up for the defect that the vibration sensor 121 has poor response to the low-frequency signal.
And in the coal discharging state, the tail beam of the hydraulic support is recovered, and the coal discharging port is in an open state.
The non-coal-caving state comprises other states except for the coal-caving state, including a coal mining state, a frame moving state and the like. The tail beam of the hydraulic support is supported, and the coal discharge port is in a closed state.
When the first microprocessor 111 judges that the tail beam of the hydraulic support enters the coal caving state from the non-coal caving state, the first microprocessor 111 enables the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13 and the storage unit 14 at the same time, and the first microprocessor 111 reads sampling data in the vibration sensor 121 and the sound sensor 13 in real time through a preset high sampling frequency, and transmits the data to the storage unit 14 for storage after processing. When the first microprocessor 111 judges that the hydraulic support tail beam enters a non-coal-caving state from a coal-caving state, the first microprocessor 111 simultaneously stops the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13 and the storage unit 14, so that the hydraulic support tail beam enters a low-power-consumption state, and the power consumption of the device is reduced.
Alternatively, if the underground working face is wired or wireless and the device is connected, when the first microprocessor 111 judges that the tail beam of the hydraulic support enters the coal caving state from the non-coal caving state, the first microprocessor 111 enables the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 at the same time, and the first microprocessor 111 reads the sampling data in the vibration sensor 121 and the sound sensor 13 in real time through the preset high sampling frequency, transmits the data to the storage unit 14 for storage after processing, and uploads the data to the computer through the communication unit 15 in a wired or wireless mode. When the first microprocessor 111 judges that the hydraulic support tail beam enters a non-coal-caving state from a coal-caving state, the first microprocessor 111 simultaneously stops the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15, so that the hydraulic support tail beam enters a low power consumption state, and the power consumption of the device is reduced.
After long-time data acquisition, the sound vibration data acquisition device of the hydraulic support tail beam of the caving coal is recovered from the underground and transported to the ground, when an external computer is connected to the device in a wired or wireless mode, the first microprocessor 111 enables the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 at the same time, the device enters a data reading state, and the external computer can read and modify data stored in the device. When the external computer is disconnected from the device, the first microprocessor 111 simultaneously deactivates the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 to enter a low power consumption state, reducing the power consumption of the device.
In an above-ground safety environment, the battery 162 may be charged by connecting an external charger to the charging module 161.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, on the basis of the acoustic vibration data acquisition device for the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support, a second microprocessor and a second voltage stabilizer module are added, so as to further reduce the power consumption of the device, and the acoustic vibration data acquisition device for the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support comprises a microprocessor unit 11, a vibration sensing unit 12, a sound sensor 13, a storage unit 14, a communication unit 15 and a power supply unit 16.
The first microprocessor 111 in the microprocessor unit 11 may employ a high-performance processor, and the second microprocessor 112 may employ a low-power processor; the motion sensor 122 in the vibration sensing unit 12 may be a low power consumption, low bandwidth, low measurement range three-axis digital or analog accelerometer capable of measuring static acceleration, connected to the second microprocessor 112; the vibration sensor 121 adopts a high-bandwidth and high-measurement-range digital or analog accelerometer and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the sound sensor 13 adopts a high-bandwidth high-measurement-range digital or analog microphone and a high-bandwidth high-measurement-range digital or analog ultrasonic sensor, and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the storage unit 14 is a large-capacity nonvolatile memory and is connected with the first microprocessor 111; the communication unit 15 is a wired or wireless module and is connected with the first bit processor 11; the charging module 161 in the power supply unit 16 is connected with the battery 162, the battery 162 is a mining intrinsic safety type lithium battery, meets the national standard, and is suitable for being used underground in a coal mine, the first voltage stabilizing module 163 is respectively connected with the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15, the enabling end of the first voltage stabilizing module is connected with the second voltage stabilizer module 164, and the second voltage stabilizer module 164 is respectively connected with the second microprocessor 112 and the motion sensor 122.
The acoustic vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support in the embodiment is placed in a waterproof shell, can effectively prevent water and dust, and is adsorbed at the position of the tail beam of the hydraulic support through a strong magnet as shown in figure 3.
When the acoustic vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support is powered on for the first time, the second microprocessor 112 completes initialization in a non-coal caving state, enables the motion sensor 122, records acceleration components on each coordinate axis of the motion sensor 122 as reference coordinates, deactivates the first voltage stabilizer module 63, and closes the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15.
The second microprocessor 112 reads the acceleration components on the coordinate axes of the motion sensor 122 in real time through low sampling frequency, and obtains a real-time static acceleration signal and a real-time dynamic acceleration signal through decomposition of a digital filter, so that the real-time motion state of the tail beam of the hydraulic support, namely the coal caving state and the non-coal caving state, can be accurately obtained according to comparison of the static acceleration and the reference coordinate, and the requirement of automatic data acquisition is met.
During the sampling interval of the low sampling frequency, the second microprocessor 112 enters a low power consumption state, further reducing the device power consumption.
The dynamic acceleration signal can be used as a vibration signal detail component to make up for the defect that the vibration sensor 121 has poor response to the low-frequency signal.
And in the coal discharging state, the tail beam of the hydraulic support is recovered, and the coal discharging port is in an open state.
The non-coal-caving state comprises other states except for the coal-caving state, including a coal mining state, a frame moving state and the like. The tail beam of the hydraulic support is supported, and the coal discharge port is in a closed state.
When the second microprocessor 112 judges that the tail beam of the hydraulic support enters the coal caving state from the non-coal caving state, the first voltage stabilizer module 63 is enabled, the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 are turned on, the first microprocessor 111 reads sampling data in the vibration sensor 121 and the sound sensor 13 in real time through a preset high sampling frequency, and the data are transmitted to the storage unit 14 for storage after being processed. When the second microprocessor 112 judges that the hydraulic support tail beam enters the non-coal-caving state from the coal-caving state, the second microprocessor 112 deactivates the first voltage stabilizer module 63, closes the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15, and reduces the power consumption of the device.
Alternatively, if the underground working face is wired or wireless and the device is connected, when the second microprocessor 112 judges that the tail beam of the hydraulic support enters the coal caving state from the non-coal caving state, the first voltage stabilizer module 63 is enabled, the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 are turned on, the first microprocessor 111 reads sampling data in the vibration sensor 121 and the sound sensor 13 in real time through a preset high sampling frequency, the sampling data are respectively transmitted to the storage unit 14 to be stored after processing, and the communication unit 15 uploads the data to the computer in a wired or wireless mode. When the second microprocessor 112 judges that the hydraulic support tail beam enters a non-coal-discharge state from the coal-discharge state, the first voltage stabilizer module 63 is deactivated, the first microprocessor 111, the vibration sensor 121, the sound sensor 13, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 are closed, and the power consumption of the device is reduced.
After long-time data acquisition, the sound vibration data acquisition device of the tail beam of the caving coal hydraulic support is recovered from the underground and transported to the ground, when an external computer is connected to the device in a wired or wireless mode, the second microprocessor 112 enables the first voltage stabilizer module 63, the first microcontroller 11, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15 are opened, the device enters a data reading state, and the external computer can read and modify data stored in the device. When the external computer is disconnected from the device, the second microprocessor 112 deactivates the first regulator module 63, turning off the first microcontroller 11, the storage unit 14 and the communication unit 15, reducing the power consumption of the device.
In an above-ground safety environment, the battery 162 may be charged by connecting an external charger to the charging module 161.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art can make any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all the modifications, equivalents and modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a caving coal hydraulic support tail boom acoustic vibration data acquisition device, includes: the device comprises a first microprocessor, a second microprocessor, a motion sensor, a vibration sensor, a sound sensor, a storage unit, a communication unit, a battery, a charging module, a first voltage stabilizing module and a second voltage stabilizing module;
the motion sensor is a high-precision, low-bandwidth and low-power consumption sensor, is connected with the second microprocessor and is used for detecting acceleration components of the tail beam of the hydraulic support in each direction of the reference coordinate system in real time;
the vibration sensor is a high-bandwidth and high-dynamic-range sensor, is connected with the first microprocessor, and is used for collecting tail beam vibration data in the process of caving the top coal and sending the vibration data to the first microprocessor;
the sound sensor is connected with the first microprocessor and used for collecting sound data generated in the process of caving the top coal and sending the sound data to the first microprocessor;
the storage unit is a high-capacity nonvolatile memory, is connected with the first microprocessor and is used for storing the sound vibration data;
the communication unit is connected with the first microprocessor and provides an interface for external communication, when the communication unit is in communication connection with an external computer, the first microprocessor controls the communication unit to enter an operating state, and the external computer can read the sound vibration data stored in the device;
the first microprocessor is connected with the second microprocessor, the first microprocessor is used for processing sound vibration data, the second microprocessor is used for identifying the motion state of the tail beam of the hydraulic support in real time and sending an identification result to the first microprocessor, the first microprocessor starts and stops collecting the sound vibration data according to the identification result of the second microprocessor, and if the hydraulic support is in a non-coal-caving state, the first microprocessor stops collecting and storing the sound vibration data; if the hydraulic support is in a coal caving state, the first microprocessor collects and stores sound vibration data;
the charging module, the first voltage stabilizing module and the second voltage stabilizing module are all connected with a battery; the first voltage stabilizing module provides power for the first microprocessor, the vibration sensor, the sound sensor, the storage unit and the communication unit; the second voltage stabilizing module supplies power to the second microprocessor and the motion sensor, and the second microprocessor can control the first voltage stabilizing module to be switched on and off; if the second microprocessor judges that the hydraulic support is in the coal caving state, the first pressure stabilizing module is started, and the first microprocessor starts to collect and store sound vibration data; if the second microprocessor judges that the hydraulic support is in the non-coal-caving state, the first voltage stabilizing module is closed, and the first voltage stabilizing module, the first microprocessor, the vibration sensor, the sound sensor, the storage unit and the communication unit are all in the power-off state in the non-coal-caving process.
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| CN109026109B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2023-11-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Fully-mechanized caving mining intelligent coal caving mechanism |
| CN114033377B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-06-14 | 宁夏广天夏电子科技有限公司 | Top coal caving control method and system based on voiceprint detection technology |
| CN114060093A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-18 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Rock burst data acquisition substation and acquisition method |
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| PL213127B1 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2013-01-31 | Glowny Instytut Gornictwa | The manner and device for control of the condition of atmosphere and gas parameters in goaf of walls used for caving |
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