CN110042184B - Method for monitoring falling of material distribution chute of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for monitoring falling of material distribution chute of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110042184B CN110042184B CN201910455038.0A CN201910455038A CN110042184B CN 110042184 B CN110042184 B CN 110042184B CN 201910455038 A CN201910455038 A CN 201910455038A CN 110042184 B CN110042184 B CN 110042184B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements
- C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring falling of a material distribution chute of a blast furnace. The method adopts a scanning radar to measure the charge level shape, and comprises the steps of a charge level scanning radar unit, a database unit, a chute state identification knowledge base construction unit, furnace top charge level shape mode identification and the like; if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the normal case library, judging that the chute is normal and the blast furnace is normally operated; and if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the abnormal case library, judging that the chute works abnormally, and carrying out blast furnace maintenance. This technical scheme can be based on the unusual discovery blast furnace distribution chute that the charge level distributes whether drops very first time, in case through the unusual discernment of charge level cloth chute that takes place to drop, the timely warning of computer, the blast furnace blowing out opens the blast furnace top and overhauls the manhole, in time changes new chute to showing and reducing the blast furnace loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of online diagnosis of blast furnace equipment, in particular to a method for monitoring falling of a distribution chute of a blast furnace.
Background
Almost all the current iron-making equipment is blast furnaces, which are super-huge high-temperature and high-pressure reactors, with the current large-scale progress of the blast furnaces, almost all the blast furnaces realize the material distribution process of the blast furnaces by using a material distribution chute, the material distribution chute works in the environment of high temperature (80-350 ℃), high pressure (0-2.5atm) and high dust (50-300mg/m3), the length of the material distribution chute is 3-5m, the weight of the material distribution chute is up to 1.5-3.0 tons, the material distribution chute is in a semicircular or rectangular shape, a suspension mechanism is suspended on a gear box, the given movement track of the chute is realized by the operation of the gear box, the movement of furnace burden on the chute is realized by the opening and closing angle of a valve, the reasonable distribution of the furnace burden on the furnace top is realized, the reasonable layered arrangement of ores and cokes can be realized only by the reasonable distribution of the furnace burden on the furnace top, the approximate sinusoidal distribution, the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace can be ensured, the furnace burden is smoothly descended, the chemical reaction is smoothly carried out, the smelting is smooth, and the blast furnace is stable.
Once this near sinusoidal distribution is broken, problems can result, either the reduction of the charge or the uneven distribution of the gas flow is broken, which instability can cause reaction errors, affect the discharge of slag and molten iron from the blast furnace and the service life of the blast furnace, and usually cause huge losses.
The chute falls off when the most serious fault of destroying the nearly sinusoidal distribution of furnace charge in the production of the blast furnace, the chute breaks away from a gear box suspension mechanism and falls into the blast furnace due to mechanical faults or production accidents in the production of the blast furnace, at the moment, the furnace charge loses an adjusting mechanism once leaving a blanking door and directly falls into the center of the blast furnace through a central throat pipe, the principle of nearly sinusoidal distribution of the furnace charge in the radius direction of the furnace throat is seriously damaged under the condition, and the serious damage is caused to the production of the blast furnace. However, the chute runs in a closed high-pressure container and belongs to 'black box' operation, once the chute falls off, the chute is difficult to find, and once the chute falls off, the chute causes great damage to blast furnace production, and enterprises are disastrous.
As shown in the literature, "Li Jianhua, Xuan Steel No. 2 blast furnace measures for prolonging the service life of a distribution chute" (ironmaking, 2015 4 th period, Vol34, No2, P24-27), at present, many enterprises mount infrared imaging equipment on the furnace top, and observe the operation condition of the chute by the infrared equipment, so that some problems are solved, but because the infrared equipment is in direct contact with the inside of the furnace, water vapor and dust in the furnace are very easy to adhere to a lens to cause interference on infrared measurement, and the operation state of the chute is difficult to find under many conditions. After all, infrared measurement is indirect observation equipment for measuring temperature distribution in the furnace through infrared rays, the main function of the indirect observation equipment is not to observe the chute state, the current infrared equipment also has no chute operation state alarm function, in addition, field operating personnel are few, and no personnel pay attention to the chute operation state through the infrared equipment specially, so that the movement state of the blast furnace top distribution chute is difficult to find in time through the furnace top infrared equipment alone.
The document "Zhao Ting, Qiao Shi Ping", uses the historical trend to accurately judge the falling-off accident of the distribution chute of blast furnace (electric world, 2017-8, P43-44) "and provides a method for forecasting the running state of the chute by using the current change of the rotating motor.
As shown in the documents of "Li Jianhua, Xuan Steel No. 2 blast furnace measures for prolonging the service life of the distribution chute" (ironmaking, 2015 4 th, Vol34, No2, P24-27), and "Zhao yanting, Qiaozping, and the accurate judgment of the blast furnace distribution chute falling accidents (electric world, 2017-8, P43-44) by using the historical trend", the 2 methods for directly judging the conditions of the blast furnace distribution chute at present have the defects of large error, short time, non-intuition, insensitive reaction and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art and to provide a method for monitoring the falling off of a distribution chute of a blast furnace. The method can find whether the material distributing chute of the blast furnace falls off or not in time, and reduce the loss of the blast furnace caused by the falling.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring falling of a material distribution chute of a blast furnace measures the shape of a charge level by adopting a scanning radar, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: level scanning radar unit: the method comprises the steps that a charge level scanning radar is installed on the top of a blast furnace and connected with an industrial computer, in the process of distributing materials through a distribution chute of the blast furnace, the radar scans the shape of the charge level according to a preset frequency, a plurality of points in a certain radius direction in a certain cross section of the blast furnace are taken as scanning data acquisition points, the distance of the charge level in the linear direction formed by the radar and each scanning data acquisition point is measured, the distance measured by the radar can be automatically converted into a coordinate position and is finished by a radar measuring system, then, charge level data containing numerical values corresponding to x and y coordinates are obtained, and all the distances of the charge level are collected to be used for evaluating the shape of;
step 2: constructing a database unit: converting charge level data acquired after a scanning radar scans a charge level into charge level data based on a 0-meter charge line, and storing the data in a database, wherein one distribution matrix corresponds to 2 charge levels, one ore charge level and one coke charge level;
and step 3: constructing a chute state identification knowledge base unit: the method comprises constructing chute state recognition knowledge base by using various charge surface shapes obtained by scanning radar measurement,
step 3.1: finding out the shapes of the material surfaces of the ores and the cokes under the normal material distribution state according to the material distribution matrix, and constructing a normal chute state case library by utilizing a pattern recognition technology;
step 3.2: calculating the shapes of the charge surfaces of coke and ore distributed into the center of the blast furnace in batches and batch weights respectively, and constructing a case library of abnormal chute states;
step 3.3: constructing a chute state case library by using the chute normal state case library and the chute abnormal state case library, wherein each case in the case library comprises a distribution matrix, a batch weight and material surface shape information;
and 4, step 4: identifying the shape mode of the top charge surface of the furnace: after the scanning radar is used for measuring the material surface each time, matching the scanning data with cases in a chute state case library, and judging whether the shape of the material surface accords with a normal case library or an abnormal case library;
if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the normal case library, judging that the chute is normal and the blast furnace is normally operated;
and if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the abnormal case library, judging that the chute works abnormally, and carrying out blast furnace maintenance.
Preferably, the pattern recognition described above employs a k-means algorithm.
Preferably, in the step 1, the radar scans the charge level shape once every time the blast furnace distribution chute distributes the material.
Preferably, during the blast furnace maintenance, after the blast furnace is shut down, the furnace top maintenance hole is opened, the chute condition is checked, if the chute falls off, a new chute is replaced, and after the new chute is replaced and debugged normally, the blast furnace is restarted for production.
Preferably, the number of the scanning data acquisition points is 30 to 50, and further, the number of the scanning data acquisition points is 40.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the operation state of the distribution chute is evaluated by utilizing the charge level shape measured by the scanning radar, once the chute falls off, furnace materials are all arranged in the central area of the blast furnace, the charge level shape measured by the scanning radar is greatly different from the charge level shape in a normal state, and whether the chute falls off or not is easily judged.
The method can find whether the material distributing chute of the blast furnace drops or not in the first time according to the abnormity of the material surface distribution, once the material distributing chute drops due to the abnormity of the material surface, the computer can give an alarm in time, and blast furnace operators can shut down the furnace, open the manhole at the top of the blast furnace and replace a new chute in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the method for monitoring the dropping of a distribution chute of a blast furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the angle position and charge level structure of the chute during distribution.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, 3200m is adopted in the present embodiment3The blast furnace is taken as an example, and the method for monitoring the falling off of the material distribution chute of the blast furnace is described in detail.
In the embodiment, the circumferential radius of the furnace top is 4.5m, the chute length is 4m, the material is distributed by adopting a semicircular chute, and the material is distributed by adopting a mode of one coke and one ore.
A typical cloth matrix is shown in the table below. A batch of material includes coke, ore, coke, ore all need the chute to rotate a plurality of numbers of turns of settlement and just can be adorned.
Table 1: typical cloth matrix
| Chute angular position | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Coke, number of turns of cloth | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Number of turns of ore and cloth | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
In this example, the batch weight of ore is not more than 110 tons, and the batch weight of coke is not more than 24 tons. The ore and coke are alternately distributed.
In the matrix, the angular position refers to the tilting angular position of the distribution chute, and as shown in fig. 2, the angular position totally comprises 11 distribution positions which are numbered from inside to outside as 1-11. In the distribution process, the chute can rotate along the longitudinal axis of the blast furnace, and the number of distribution circles refers to the number of circles of rotation of the distribution chute at a corresponding angle.
Step 1: level scanning radar unit: at 3200m 31 charge level scanning radar is installed at a radar stock rod of the blast furnace, the charge level scanning radar is connected with an industrial computer, the depth of a charge line is measured to be 0-8m, the charge level shape is scanned once by the radar when the charge is distributed by a charge distribution chute of the blast furnace according to the charge distribution matrix, a data acquisition point is selected to be scanned along the radius direction of a certain cross section of the blast furnace, the charge level distance in the linear direction formed by the radar and each scanned data acquisition point is measured, and all the charge level distances are collected to be used for evaluating the charge level shape;
the number of the scanning data acquisition points is adjusted according to factors such as precision requirements, actual working condition factors, computer hardware conditions and the like, for example, 30-50 scanning data acquisition points can be adopted in a certain radial direction of a certain cross section of the blast furnace in the embodiment, and further, the number of the scanning data acquisition points can be 40.
Step 2: constructing a database unit: the burden surface data acquired after the burden surface is scanned by the scanning radar is converted into the burden surface data based on a 0-meter burden line, namely, the vertical coordinates of the burden surfaces with different heights are changed, the interference of factors with different overall heights of the burden surfaces is eliminated, only the difference of the distribution shapes of the burden surfaces is considered, as shown in fig. 2, the 40 groups of (x and y coordinates) data are stored in a database, one distribution matrix corresponds to 2 burden surfaces, one ore corresponds to one ore and one coke corresponds to one coke, the distribution data of 3 months are stored, generally, 140 batches of materials are distributed every day, 140 coke and ore material surface shapes can be acquired, each 140 coke and ore surface shapes can be acquired after 3 months, calculation is performed every month according to 30 days, 12600 coke shapes and 12600 ore shapes can be acquired.
And step 3: constructing a chute state identification knowledge base unit: and (3) constructing a chute state identification knowledge base by utilizing various charge surface shapes obtained by scanning radar measurement.
Step 3.1: and finding out the shapes of the material surfaces of the ores and the cokes under the normal material distribution state according to the material distribution matrix, and constructing a normal chute state case library by utilizing a pattern recognition technology. At 3200m3For blast furnaces, for example, the coke charge level can be classified into 9 types, and the ore charge level can be classified into 7 types. Each class corresponds to one charge level distribution.
Step 3.2: and respectively calculating the shapes of the charge surfaces of coke and ore when the coke and the ore are distributed into the center of the blast furnace in batches and batch weights, and constructing a case library of the abnormal states of the chute. Because the blast furnace is difficult to obtain the actual charge level shape formed after the chute falls off, a case base when the chute works abnormally is constructed according to the obtained basic charge level, see table 2, 108 charge levels after chute fall off can be formed on the coke basic charge level by using the mode of the following table, 84 charge levels after chute fall off are formed on the ore basic charge level, after the mode identification based on the k-means algorithm is respectively carried out, the coke charge level shape after chute fall off can be divided into 5 types, and the ore charge level shape is divided into 4 types. The relevant classification data is as follows:
table 2: basic charge level data classification table
Step 3.3: and constructing a chute state case library by using the chute normal state case library and the chute abnormal state case library. Each case in the case library comprises key information such as a material distribution matrix, batch weight, material surface shape and the like. For example, the information shown in the following table, wherein the value 1 in the column of ore and coke indicates the type of charge, for example, the column of ore is 1, which indicates that the charge is ore.
Table 3: chute state case library related information
| Kind of case | Number of cloth matrix | Batched weight (t) | Ore ore | Coke | Shape of |
| 1 | 4 | 110 | 1 | 3 | |
| 2 | 4 | 22 | 1 | 3 |
And 4, step 4: furnace top charge level shape pattern recognition unit: after the material surface is measured by the scanning radar each time, the material surface is matched with the cases in the chute state case library, and whether the shape of the material surface accords with the normal case library or the abnormal case library is judged.
If the shape of the material surface is similar to 16 types in the normal case library, the chute is judged to be normal, and if the shape of the material surface is similar to 9 types in the abnormal case library, the chute is judged to be abnormal in operation.
And 5: normal operation unit of blast furnace: if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the normal case library, the chute is judged to be normal, the current distribution matrix is maintained, and the blast furnace is normally operated.
Step 6: chute abnormal unit: if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the abnormal case library, the chute is judged to be abnormal in work, and the blast furnace is arranged to be shut down and replaced.
And 7: damping down and replacing chute units: and after the blast furnace is shut down, opening a furnace top access hole, checking the chute condition, if the chute is confirmed to fall off, replacing the new chute, and after the new chute is replaced and debugged normally, re-opening the blast furnace for production.
The method for monitoring the falling off of the distribution chute of the blast furnace adopts a large amount of data and a pattern recognition technology to judge the state of the chute, wherein the pattern recognition technology is a well-known technology widely applied in the industry, for example, a k-means algorithm adopted in the embodiment can be realized by adopting an existing industrial computer and ready codes, and the signal connection and the integrated control of a radar and the industrial computer are mature well-known technologies, and are not detailed herein.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for monitoring falling of a material distribution chute of a blast furnace is characterized in that a scanning radar is adopted to measure the shape of a material surface, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: level scanning radar unit: the method comprises the steps that a charge level scanning radar is installed on the top of a blast furnace and connected with an industrial computer, in the process of distributing materials through a distribution chute of the blast furnace, the radar scans the shape of the charge level according to a preset frequency, a plurality of points distributed in a certain radius direction in a certain cross section of the blast furnace are used as scanning data acquisition points, the distance between the radar and the charge level in the straight line direction formed by the scanning data acquisition points is measured, and all the distances between the charge level are collected to evaluate the shape of the charge level;
step 2: constructing a database unit: converting charge level data acquired after a scanning radar scans a charge level into charge level data based on a 0-meter charge line, and storing the data in a database, wherein one distribution matrix corresponds to 2 charge levels, one ore charge level and one coke charge level;
and step 3: constructing a chute state identification knowledge base unit: the method comprises constructing chute state recognition knowledge base by using various charge surface shapes obtained by scanning radar measurement,
step 3.1: finding out the shapes of the material surfaces of the ores and the cokes under the normal material distribution state according to the material distribution matrix, and constructing a normal chute state case library by utilizing a pattern recognition technology;
step 3.2: calculating the shapes of the charge surfaces of coke and ore distributed into the center of the blast furnace in batches and batch weights respectively, and constructing a case library of abnormal chute states;
step 3.3: constructing a chute state case library by using the chute normal state case library and the chute abnormal state case library, wherein each case in the case library comprises a distribution matrix, a batch weight and material surface shape information;
and 4, step 4: identifying the shape mode of the top charge surface of the furnace: after the scanning radar is used for measuring the material surface each time, matching the scanning data with cases in a chute state case library, and judging whether the shape of the material surface accords with a normal case library or an abnormal case library;
if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the normal case library, judging that the chute is normal and the blast furnace is normally operated;
and if the shape of the material surface is similar to that of the abnormal case library, judging that the chute works abnormally, and carrying out blast furnace maintenance.
2. The method of monitoring blast furnace distribution chute dropout of claim 1 wherein said pattern recognition employs a k-means algorithm.
3. The method of monitoring the dropping off of a blast furnace distribution chute of claim 1 wherein in step 1, the radar scans the charge level profile once per distribution of the blast furnace distribution chute.
4. The method for monitoring the falling off of the distribution chute of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the maintenance of the blast furnace, after the blast furnace is shut down, the maintenance hole at the furnace top is opened, the chute condition is checked, if the chute falls off is confirmed, a new chute is replaced, and after the new chute is replaced and debugged normally, the blast furnace is restarted for production.
5. The method for monitoring the dropping off of the distribution chute of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charge level data in the step 2 comprises corresponding values of x and y coordinates.
6. The method for monitoring the falling off of the distribution chute of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the scanning data acquisition points is 30-50.
7. The method of monitoring blast furnace distribution chute dropout of claim 6 wherein said number of scan data acquisition points is 40.
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| CN112322811A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-05 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Method and device for judging falling of material distribution chute at top of blast furnace |
| CN113031103A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly judging falling-off of furnace top chute of blast furnace |
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| CN101492750B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-12-29 | 北京科技大学 | High furnace burden face measurement and control system based on industrial phased array radar |
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