CN110041641A - A kind of preparation method of the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110041641A CN110041641A CN201910357065.4A CN201910357065A CN110041641A CN 110041641 A CN110041641 A CN 110041641A CN 201910357065 A CN201910357065 A CN 201910357065A CN 110041641 A CN110041641 A CN 110041641A
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- network structure
- pvc material
- lower shrinkage
- stabilizer
- polyvinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L35/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of lower shrinkage PVC material and preparation method based on 3D network structure, belongs to field of new materials, which is made of basic materials such as PVC, stabilizer, light-cured resin, light-cured resin, photoinitiators.The invention patent technology forms 3D network structure by photocuring using based on the light-cured resin with elastomeric property, and prepared Material shrinkage is small, no plasticizer, is particularly suitable for needing to use in the diaphragm class product for being printed or being bonded.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to new material technology field more particularly to the preparation methods of the lower shrinkage PVC material of 3D network structure.
Background technique
PVC is low with price, processing performance is good, and has the characteristics that bright in luster, price is low, fabrication cycle is short, therefore
It is widely used in manufacturing various films or sheet product.But since polyvinyl chloride resin self-molecules present cohesive force is big, hardness is high, crisp
Property it is big, process relatively difficult, therefore under normal conditions, in order to obtain the flexible PVC film for meeting requirement, product in piece must
A large amount of plasticizer must be introduced in PVC formula.
Phthalic ester plasticizer is the most common plasticizer of PVC, can preferably improve the flexibility, resistance to of PVC
It is cold；The additive amount of the PVC film sheet articles of different purposes, plasticizer can change from 20%-40%.Phthalate increases
It is entirely intermolecular Van der Waals force that modeling agent, which is a kind of active force between low molecular weight liquid, with PVC macromolecular, therefore plasticizer
Migration is a kind of inexorable trend, and this migration harm caused by PVC is mainly reflected in two aspects: first is that the mechanics of material
Performance causes adverse effect, and with moving out for plasticizer, material starts to be hardened, become fragile, or even fracture；Second is that containing O-phthalic
The PVC of esters of gallic acid is under grease or hot conditions, it is easy to the surface from PVC material internal migration to product, to reduce print
Brush layer or adhesive layer cause printing layer or adhesive layer to fall off the attachment of PVC matrix, and then are used for environment and pollute.
In addition, PVC belongs to Typical thermoplastic's material, in diaphragm manufacturing process, since there are mechanical forces to meeting
Strand is caused to be orientated along external force direction, and in use, due to the relexation of polymer, strand is intended to restore
The state randomly curled, this is macroscopically showing as the irregular contraction distortion of product appearance.This contraction distortion is due to poly-
A kind of basic physical phenomenon of object is closed, therefore this deformation of PVC film flake products cannot be completely eliminated, in existing skill
Under the conditions of art, the percent thermal shrinkage of PVC film sheet material is substantially in the level of 5-10%, and high person is even 10% or more.
Under the prior art, in order to improve PVC plasticizer the problem of, usually uses high molecular weight plasticizer or bullet
Property structural reform be apt to toughness of material, but since the viscosity of high molecular weight plasticizer or elastomer is larger, have to the processing performance improvement of PVC
Limit, or even influence whether the processing performance of PVC；And in terms of reducing PVC contraction, at present still without particularly effective means, only
This phenomenon can be mitigated by draw ratio in the heat treatment and reduction process in later period.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of based on the low of 3D network structure
Shrink the preparation method of PVC material, the addition using the low viscosity high resiliency light-cured resin fully compatible with PVC as PVC
Agent since the viscosity of light-cured resin is extremely low, can undertake the effect of conventional plasticizers in process, improve adding for PVC
Work performance；After molding, PVC film flake products are subjected to UV exposure, light-cured resin is made to be cross-linked to form 3D network structure, are handed over by this
The anchorage effect of networking network makes curling for PVC strand suffer restraints, to reduce the contraction of membrane products.And due to selecting
Light-cured resin be highly elastic material, therefore also material can be made to keep certain toughness simultaneously.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure, comprising the following steps:
It is 10%wt-80% that the polyvinyl chloride resin of opposite light-cured resin dosage 10%-100% is dissolved in dosage by step 1.
In the light-cured resin of wt；
The photoinitiator of 1%wt-5%wt, the PVC of 3%wt-82%wt is added after polyvinyl chloride resin is completely dissolved in step 2.
Resin, the processing aid of the stabilizer of 5%wt-10%wt and 1%wt-20%wt and 0%wt-50%wt filler systems, mixing
Lower shrinkage PVC material is obtained after uniformly；
PVC material obtained is carried out UV exposure by step 3., obtains the lower shrinkage PVC material of 3D network structure.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that polyvinyl chloride resin solution temperature is 90-100 DEG C in the step 1.
A kind of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure, by dosage be 10%wt-80%wt polyvinyl chloride resin, 5%
The stabilizer of wt-10%wt, the light-cured resin of 10%wt-83%wt, 1%wt-5%wt photoinitiator and 1%wt-
20%wt processing aid and 0%wt-50%wt filler systems composition.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the polyvinyl chloride resin is suspension method or the polyvinyl chloride resin that emulsion method synthesizes.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the stabilizer is the heat stabilizer of polyvinyl chloride resin, as Ca-Zn stablizes
Agent, organic tin stabilizer or hydrotalcite stabilizer etc..
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the light-cured resin is polyester acrylate resin, polyurethane propylene
Acid resin or acrylic resin.
The further technical solution of the present invention is elongation percentage >=10% of the light-cured resin.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the photoinitiator is UV light stabilizer, such as alpha hydroxyl ketone, benzene
Formyl class, alpha aminoketones, phosphorus oxidation species, benzophenone, thioxanthones and cationic initiator.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the processing aid is lubricant, pigment, dispersing agent etc..
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the filler systems are inorganic compounds, and the inorganic compound is carbon
One of sour calcium, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, silica are a variety of.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is due to the additive using the low viscosity light-cured resin fully compatible with PVC as PVC, processed
Cheng Zhong, different according to the light-cured resin of selection, viscosity can be 15-200cps, can undertake the effect of conventional plasticizers,
Improve the processing performance of PVC；After molding, PVC film flake products are subjected to UV exposure, this light-cured resin is cross-linked to form 3D network
Structure makes curling for PVC strand suffer restraints by the anchorage effect of this cross-linked network, to reduce the receipts of membrane products
Contracting, and since the light-cured resin of selection all has certain flexibility, elongation about 20%-200% or so, therefore also can
Material is enough set to keep certain toughness.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution below in the present invention carries out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure of the invention specifically sees below implementation
Example:
Embodiment 1:
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 60 grams, light-cured resin: 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate
Ester: 30 grams, TPO:1.2 grams of photoinitiator, liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer: 1.8 grams, nanometer calcium carbonate: 7 grams.
By 3- hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester-hydroxyl -2-, 2 30 grams of dimethyl propyl ester diacrylates are mixed with 10 grams of polyvinyl chloride resin
It closes, is heated to 90-100 DEG C, is dissolved completely in 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl to polyvinyl chloride resin
After olefin(e) acid ester, polyvinyl chloride resin/3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl alkene is added in photoinitiator TPO
In acid esters solution, acquisition is uniformly mixed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, nanometer calcium carbonate after being uniformly dispersed
Lower shrinkage PVC material, then the lower shrinkage PVC material through the obtained 3D network structure of UV exposure-processed.
Embodiment 2
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 80 grams, light-cured resin: 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate
Ester: 15 grams, TPO:1.2 grams of photoinitiator, liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer: 1.8 grams, TiO2: 2 grams.
By 3- hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester-hydroxyl -2-, 2 15 grams of dimethyl propyl ester diacrylates are mixed with 10 grams of polyvinyl chloride resin
It closes, is heated to 90-100 DEG C, is dissolved completely in 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl to polyvinyl chloride resin
After olefin(e) acid ester, polyvinyl chloride resin/3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl alkene is added in photoinitiator TPO
In acid esters, after being uniformly dispersed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, TiO2It is uniformly mixed, obtains lower shrinkage PVC
Material, in the lower shrinkage PVC material that 3D network structure is made by UV exposure-processed.
Embodiment 3
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 30 grams, light-cured resin: 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate
Ester: 60 grams, TPO:1.2 grams of photoinitiator, liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer: 1.8 grams, nanometer calcium carbonate: 7 grams
3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester -60 grams of -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate of hydroxyl and 20 grams of polyvinyl chloride resin is mixed
It closes, is heated to 90-100 DEG C, is dissolved completely in 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl to polyvinyl chloride resin
After olefin(e) acid ester, polyvinyl chloride resin/3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester dipropyl alkene is added in photoinitiator TPO
In acid esters solution, acquisition is uniformly mixed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, nanometer calcium carbonate after being uniformly dispersed
Lower shrinkage PVC material, then the lower shrinkage PVC material through the obtained 3D network structure of UV exposure-processed.
Embodiment 4
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 60 grams, light-cured resin: 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate
Ester: 35 grams, 1173:1.2 grams of photoinitiator, 1.8 grams of liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, TiO2: 2 grams, nanometer calcium carbonate: 30 grams.
3- hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl -35 grams of hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate and 10 grams of polyvinyl chloride resin are mixed,
It is heated to 90-100 DEG C, is dissolved completely in 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate to PVC
Afterwards, addition polyvinyl chloride resin/3- hydroxyl -2,2 dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2, the 2 dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate of photoinitiator 1173 is molten
It in liquid, is uniformly mixed after being uniformly dispersed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, nanometer calcium carbonate, obtains lower shrinkage
PVC material, then the lower shrinkage PVC material through the obtained 3D network structure of UV exposure-processed.
Embodiment 5
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 60 grams, light-cured resin: 6113:35 grams of aliphatic urethane acrylate resin, photoinitiator
1173:1.2 grams, liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer: 1.8 grams, TiO2: 2 grams, nanometer calcium carbonate: 30 grams.
By 611335 grams and 10 grams of the polyvinyl chloride resin mixing of aliphatic urethane acrylate resin, it is heated to 90-100 DEG C, to
After PVC is dissolved completely in aliphatic urethane acrylate resin 6113, polyvinyl chloride resin/aliphatic is added in photoinitiator 1173
In 6113 solution of polyurethane acrylate resin, after being uniformly dispersed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer, TiO2:
2 grams, nanometer calcium carbonate, which is uniformly mixed, obtains lower shrinkage PVC material, then the lower shrinkage PVC of 3D network structure is made after UV exposes
Material.
Embodiment 6
Polyvinyl chloride resin: 60 grams, light-cured resin: 6113:35 grams of resin of hyperbranched polyester acrylic ester 6361-100, light draws
1173:1.2 grams of agent of hair, liquid Ca-Zn stabilizer: 1.8 grams, TiO2: 2 grams.
By 6113:35 grams and 10 grams of the polyvinyl chloride resin mixing of hyperbranched polyester acrylic ester 6361-100 resin, it is heated to 90-
100 DEG C, after PVC is dissolved completely in hyperbranched polyester acrylic ester 6361-100 resin 6113, photoinitiator 1173 is added
In polyvinyl chloride resin/6113 solution of acrylated hyperbranched polyester 6361-100 resin, after being uniformly dispersed with remaining polyvinyl chloride resin and liquid
Body Ca-Zn stabilizer, TiO2It is uniformly mixed and obtains lower shrinkage PVC material, then the low receipts of 3D network structure are made after UV exposes
Contracting PVC material.
Embodiment 7. is the stabilizer of the polyvinyl chloride resin of 10%wt, 5%wt: the light of Ca-Zn stabilizer, 10%wt by dosage
Solidified resin: the photoinitiator of 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate, 1%wt: TPO
And 1%wt processing aid: nanometer calcium carbonate.
It will be with respect to light-cured resin (3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate) dosage
10% polyvinyl chloride resin is dissolved in light-cured resin (3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl that dosage is 10%wt
Propyl ester diacrylate) in；After polyvinyl chloride resin is completely dissolved, the photoinitiator (TPO) of 1%wt, the PVC tree of 3%wt is added
Rouge, the stabilizer (Ca-Zn stabilizer) of 5%wt and the processing aid (nanometer calcium carbonate) of 1%wt, obtain low receipts after mixing
Contracting PVC material, polyvinyl chloride resin solution temperature are 90-100 DEG C；PVC material obtained is subjected to UV exposure, obtains 3D network structure
Lower shrinkage PVC material.
8. dosage of embodiment is the stabilizer of the polyvinyl chloride resin of 80%wt, 10%wt: Ca-Zn stabilizer, the light of 83%wt are solid
Change resin: the photoinitiator of 3- hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate, 5%wt: TPO with
And 20%wt processing aid: nanometer calcium carbonate and 50%wt filler systems: barium sulfate composition.
The polyvinyl chloride resin of opposite light-cured resin dosage 100% is dissolved in the light-cured resin (3- that dosage is 80%wt
Hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl-hydroxyl -2,2- dimethyl propyl ester diacrylate) in；After polyvinyl chloride resin is completely dissolved, it is added 5%
Photoinitiator (TPO), the polyvinyl chloride resin of 82%wt, the stabilizer (Ca-Zn stabilizer) of 10%wt and the processing of 20%wt of wt helps
Agent (nanometer calcium carbonate) and 50%wt filler systems (barium sulfate), obtain lower shrinkage PVC material, polyvinyl chloride resin is molten after mixing
Solving temperature is 90-100 DEG C；PVC material obtained is subjected to UV exposure, obtains the lower shrinkage PVC material of 3D network structure.
Embodiment 7,8 experimental method of embodiment are with embodiment 1-6, and test result and embodiment 1-6 are without larger difference.
Composition (the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure) performance of embodiment 1- embodiment 6 is shown in Table 1:
1 embodiment material property of table
By upper table test result it is found that the present invention is added due to using the low viscosity light-cured resin to mix completely with PVC
In process, different according to the light-cured resin of selection as the additive of PVC, viscosity can be 15-200cps,
The effect that conventional plasticizers can be undertaken improves the processing performance of PVC；After molding, PVC film flake products are subjected to UV exposure,
This light-cured resin is cross-linked to form 3D network structure.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure, which comprises the following steps:
It is 10%wt-80%wt's that the polyvinyl chloride resin of opposite light-cured resin dosage 10%-100% is dissolved in dosage by step 1.
In light-cured resin；
The photoinitiator of 1%wt-5%wt, the PVC tree of 3%wt-82%wt is added after polyvinyl chloride resin is completely dissolved in step 2.
Rouge, the processing aid of the stabilizer of 5%wt-10%wt and 1%wt-20%wt, 0%wt-50%wt filler systems are uniformly mixed
After obtain lower shrinkage PVC material；
PVC material made from step 2 is carried out UV exposure by step 3., obtains the lower shrinkage PVC material of 3D network structure.
2. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1, feature exist
In polyvinyl chloride resin solution temperature is 90-100 DEG C in the step 1.
3. 3D net made of a kind of preparation method of the lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure as described in claim 1
The lower shrinkage PVC material of network structure, which is characterized in that polyvinyl chloride resin, the 5%wt-10%wt for being 10%wt-80%wt by dosage
Stabilizer, the light-cured resin of 10%wt-83%wt, the photoinitiator of 1%wt-5%wt, 1%wt-20%wt processing aid
And 0%wt-50%wt filler systems composition.
4. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the polyvinyl chloride resin is suspension method or the polyvinyl chloride resin that emulsion method synthesizes.
5. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the stabilizer is the heat stabilizer of polyvinyl chloride resin；The stabilizer be Ca-Zn stabilizer, organic tin stabilizer or
Any one in hydrotalcite stabilizer.
6. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the light-cured resin is any in polyester acrylate resin, polyurethane acrylic resin or acrylic resin
It is a kind of.
7. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is, elongation percentage >=10% of the light-cured resin.
8. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the photoinitiator is UV light stabilizer, and the UV light stabilizer is alpha hydroxyl ketone, benzoyl class, alpha
Aminoketones, phosphorus oxidation species, benzophenone, thioxanthones and cationic initiator.
9. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the processing aid includes lubricant, pigment, dispersing agent.
10. a kind of preparation method of lower shrinkage PVC material based on 3D network structure according to claim 1 or 3, special
Sign is that the filler systems are inorganic compounds, and the inorganic compound is calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide
One of silicon is a variety of.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU883098A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1981-11-23 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Пленочных Материалов И Искусственной Кожи | Composition for finishing coating of synthetic materials |
| JPS63245441A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-12 | Bando Chem Ind Ltd | Photodegradable resin film |
| CN101245179A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-08-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for improving thermoplastic plastics shaping manufacturability and capability |
| US20160152815A1 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2016-06-02 | X-Card Holdings, Llc | Information carrying card comprising a cross-linked polymer composition, and method of making the same |
-
2019
- 2019-04-29 CN CN201910357065.4A patent/CN110041641A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU883098A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1981-11-23 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Пленочных Материалов И Искусственной Кожи | Composition for finishing coating of synthetic materials |
| JPS63245441A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-12 | Bando Chem Ind Ltd | Photodegradable resin film |
| CN101245179A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-08-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for improving thermoplastic plastics shaping manufacturability and capability |
| US20160152815A1 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2016-06-02 | X-Card Holdings, Llc | Information carrying card comprising a cross-linked polymer composition, and method of making the same |
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| Title |
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| 温变英等: "《高分子材料加工》", 30 June 2016, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
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