CN110038710B - Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device - Google Patents

Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110038710B
CN110038710B CN201910220218.0A CN201910220218A CN110038710B CN 110038710 B CN110038710 B CN 110038710B CN 201910220218 A CN201910220218 A CN 201910220218A CN 110038710 B CN110038710 B CN 110038710B
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overflow pipe
clean coal
shell
underflow
coal overflow
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201910220218.0A
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CN110038710A (en
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王怀法
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/32Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
    • B03B5/34Applications of hydrocyclones

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  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coarse slime separation, and provides a rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device which comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein the top of the shell is closed, the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom plate, and the center of the bottom plate is provided with a bottom flow port; a feeding pipe tangential to the side wall is arranged above the shell; the top of the shell is provided with a coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe, the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe is internally provided with a fine particle clean coal overflow pipe, the tops of the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe and the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe are closed, and the central position of the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe is vertical to the central shaft of the shell; a coarse particle discharge port tangential to the pipe wall is arranged on the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe, and a fine particle discharge port tangential to the pipe wall is arranged on the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe; the bottom flow valve core is arranged in the shell and is arranged above the bottom flow port through a discharge adjusting device, and the discharge adjusting device is used for adjusting the axial distance between the bottom flow valve core and the bottom flow port. The invention can reduce the lower limit of the separation granularity and widen the separation granularity range, and can be widely applied to the technical field of coarse slime separation.

Description

Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coarse slime separation, in particular to a rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device.
Background
Aqueous media cyclones and entrained bed separators are commonly used in coal separation plants for coarse coal slurry separation. The operating principle of the water medium cyclone is that the sedimentation principle of particles in a centrifugal force field is utilized to realize the separation of the particles according to the specific gravity, and because the particles with different densities and different particle sizes have different sedimentation characteristics in the centrifugal force field, the particles with light specific gravity and part of the particles with large fine particle grade density enter an upward internal cyclone and are discharged through an overflow pipe to form a light product; the large-density particles and part of coarse-fraction small-density particles are transported to the bottom of the cyclone along the outer rotational flow of the wall of the cyclone, the particles are enriched at the bottom of the cyclone to form a self-generated medium bed layer, the particles entering the self-generated medium bed layer through the outer rotational flow under the action of centrifugal force are sorted according to density, the particles with the density less than the density of the bed layer are returned to enter the inner rotational flow again, and the particles with the density greater than the density of the bed layer penetrate through the bed layer and are discharged from a bottom flow port to form a heavy product. The water medium cyclone separated by utilizing the centrifugal force field principle has the advantages of high separation efficiency, wide separation particle size range and low lower limit of effective separation particle size.
The operation principle of the interference bed separator is that particles with different densities and different particle sizes in ascending flow have different sedimentation characteristics to complete the separation process, and the particles with light specific gravity and part of particles with large fine particle level density have the same sedimentation rate in the ascending flow, so when the sedimentation rate of the particles is smaller than the ascending flow rate, the particles are carried by the ascending flow to enter overflow to form light product; the settling rate of the large-density particles and part of coarse fraction small-density particles is greater than the ascending water flow rate, and the large-density particles and part of coarse fraction small-density particles settle to the bottom of the interference bed separator and are discharged from a bottom flow port to become a heavy product; similarly, the particles are enriched at the bottom of the interference bed separator to form an authigenic medium bed, and because the authigenic medium bed has higher density, coarse fraction small-density particles settled at the bottom return to enter an ascending flow again to enter an overflow light product because the density of the coarse fraction small-density particles is lower than the density of the bed. The general interference bed separator has the advantages of simple equipment structure and large treatment capacity, but has poor separation effect when the feed particle size range is wide and high separation particle size lower limit.
Since part of coarse fraction low-density particles and part of fine fraction high-density particles generally have similar sedimentation characteristics and sedimentation rates, i.e. equal sedimentation particles, in the process of sorting by equipment based on the principle of hydraulic sorting operation, it often happens that fine fraction high-density particles enter overflow to contaminate light-specific-gravity products and coarse fraction low-density particles enter heavy products to form losses. Therefore, the technical equipment which can effectively weaken the equal settling effect in the gravity separation process, widen the range of the fed material granularity and reduce the lower limit of the effective separation granularity is designed, and is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of coarse slime separation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device for solving the technical problems of loss of light specific gravity products in underflow and high lower limit of separation granularity of the existing water medium coarse slime separation equipment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device comprises a cylindrical shell, wherein the top of the shell is closed, the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom plate, and the center of the bottom plate is provided with a bottom flow port; a feeding pipe tangential to the side wall is arranged above the shell; a coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe is arranged at the top of the shell, a fine particle clean coal overflow pipe is arranged in the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe, the tops of the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe and the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe are both closed, and the central position of the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe and the central position of the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe are perpendicular to the central axis of the shell; the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe is provided with a coarse particle discharge port tangential to the pipe wall, and the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe is provided with a fine particle discharge port tangential to the pipe wall; the bottom flow valve core is arranged in the shell and is arranged above the bottom flow port through a discharge adjusting device, and the discharge adjusting device is used for adjusting the axial distance between the bottom flow valve core and the bottom flow port.
A fluidized water chamber is arranged below the bottom plate, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the fluidized water chamber, a drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized water chamber, and a pulsation valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe; a plurality of annular embedding strips and a plurality of water outlet holes communicated with the fluidization water chamber are arranged above the bottom plate.
The discharging adjusting device comprises an adjusting wheel and an adjusting rod, the upper end of the underflow valve core is fixedly connected with the bottom of the adjusting rod, and the upper end of the adjusting rod penetrates through the top of the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe and is fixedly connected with the adjusting wheel;
the underflow valve core is a structure formed by butt joint of bottom surfaces of two conical parts, is arranged above the underflow port, and has the center position coinciding with the central axis of the shell.
The bottom flow port is a conical port with a large upper opening and a small lower opening.
The included angle range of the bottom plate and the horizontal direction is-5 degrees to +5 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device which can effectively solve the problem that the light specific gravity product of the existing water medium coarse slime separation equipment is lost in underflow, and the integration of the centrifugal force field separation principle and the fluidization separation principle in the same equipment can reduce the lower limit of the separation granularity and widen the separation granularity range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gravity sorting apparatus with a rotating flow fluidization, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a bottom plate 2, a bottom flow port 3, a fluidized water chamber 4, a water inlet pipe 5, a sewage discharge port 6, a coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe 7, a coarse particle discharge port 8, a fine particle clean coal overflow pipe 9, a fine particle discharge port 10, an underflow valve core 11, an adjusting rod 12, an adjusting wheel 13, a feeding pipe 14, an embedding strip 15, a water outlet hole 16 and a pulsating valve 17.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device, which comprises a cylindrical housing 1, wherein the top of the housing 1 is closed, the bottom of the housing is provided with a bottom plate 2, and the center of the bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom flow port 3; a feeding pipe 14 tangential to the side wall is arranged above the shell 1; the top of shell 1 is provided with coarse grain cleaned coal overflow pipe 7, be provided with fine grain cleaned coal overflow pipe 9 in the coarse grain cleaned coal overflow pipe 7, the top of coarse grain cleaned coal overflow pipe 7 and fine grain cleaned coal overflow pipe 9 all seals to central point puts with the center pin of shell is perpendicular. As shown in fig. 2, a coarse particle discharge port 8 tangential to the pipe wall is arranged on the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe 7, and a fine particle discharge port 10 tangential to the pipe wall is arranged on the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe 9; a underflow valve core 11 is further arranged in the housing 1, the underflow valve core 11 is arranged above the underflow port 3 through a discharge adjusting device, and the discharge adjusting device is used for adjusting the axial distance between the underflow valve core 11 and the underflow port 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the discharge adjusting device includes an adjusting wheel 13 and an adjusting rod 12, the upper end of the underflow valve core 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod 12, and the upper end of the adjusting rod passes through the top of the fine-particle clean coal overflow pipe 9 and is fixedly connected to the adjusting wheel. The adjusting rod can be connected with the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe through threads, and the insertion depth of the adjusting rod 12 in the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe 9 can be changed by rotating the adjusting wheel, so that the axial distance between the underflow valve core 11 and the underflow port 3 is changed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a fluidization water chamber 4 is arranged below the bottom plate 2, a water inlet pipe 5 is arranged on the fluidization water chamber 4, a sewage discharge outlet 6 is arranged at the bottom of the fluidization water chamber, and a pulsation valve 17 is arranged on the water inlet pipe; in addition, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of annular recessed strips 15 and a plurality of water outlet holes 16 communicated with the fluidization water chamber 4 are disposed above the bottom plate 2. Wherein, the embedding strips 15 are arranged along the ring shape, a plurality of water outlet holes 16 are uniformly arranged between the embedding strips 15 along the circumferential direction, the water flow enters the fluidization water chamber 4 through the water inlet pipe 5, and the fluidization water enters the upper part of the bottom plate 2 through the water outlet holes 16, and due to the action of the embedding strips and the upward pulsating water flow, a fluidization sorting effect is formed at the bottom. The flow of water into the fluidisation water chamber 4, and thus the density of the sort, can be adjusted by means of the pulsating valve 17. When the water flow is increased or the flow velocity is increased, the water rising speed of the water outlet hole 16 is increased, the separation density is increased, the fit clearance is reduced, the underflow discharge amount is reduced, and the separation density is increased.
Further, in this embodiment, the annular bottom plate 2 may be horizontal, or may be inclined toward the central underflow port 3, and an included angle between the annular bottom plate 2 and the horizontal direction is-5 ° to +5 °, when the included angle is-5 °, the outer edge of the bottom plate 2 is high, the inner edge is low, and when the included angle is +5 °, the inner edge of the bottom plate 2 is low, and the outer edge is high, as shown in fig. 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the underflow valve core 11 is a structure formed by abutting bottom surfaces of two conical portions, and the underflow valve core 11 is disposed above the underflow port 3, and its central position coincides with the central axis of the housing 1. Thus, the annular bottom plate 2, which is inclined towards the central underflow port 3, forms with the upper half of the underflow valve core 11 a return path for the light-weight products entrained in the underflow. In addition, by adjusting the axial position of the underflow valve core 11, the fit clearance between the underflow valve core 11 and the underflow port 3 can be changed, and the purpose of controlling the discharge amount of the underflow can be achieved. The fit clearance is reduced and the underflow displacement is reduced and vice versa.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the underflow port 3 is a tapered port having a large upper opening and a small lower opening.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: coarse coal slurry is pressurized by a pump and then enters the cylindrical shell 1 through the tangential feeding pipe 14 to form a rotating flow, particles with low density enter an upward internal rotation flow under the action of centrifugal force and move towards an upper overflow pipe, and coarse light products are discharged through a coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe 7 and a tangential coarse particle discharge port 8; the fine-grained light products are discharged via a fine-grained clean coal overflow pipe 9 and a tangential fine-grained discharge opening 10. The dense particles enter into a downward outward swirling flow to move towards the bottom and form a rotating bed layer on the annular bottom plate 2. Pulsating water enters the annular bottom plate 2 through the water inlet pipe 5, the pulsating valve 17, the fluidization water chamber 4 and the water outlet hole 16, and a fluidization separation effect is formed at the bottom due to the effect of the embedded strips and the upward pulsating water flow. The movement of the ore pulp in the space formed by the cylindrical shell 1 and the annular bottom plate 2 forms a composite force field separation flow field of rotary flow separation and fluidization separation. The annular bottom plate 2 forms with the upper half of the valve core 11 a return path for the light specific gravity products entrained in the underflow. The discharge control of the underflow port 3 is realized by matching the underflow valve core 11 with the underflow port 3, the axial position of the underflow valve core 11 is adjusted by the discharge adjusting device, and the matching clearance between the underflow valve core 11 and the underflow port 3 is changed, so that the aim of controlling the discharge amount of the underflow can be achieved. In addition, the separation density can be adjusted on line by adjusting the flow rate of the pulsating water flow or changing the fit clearance between the underflow valve core 11 and the underflow port 3 by adjusting the axial position of the underflow valve core 11.
The invention provides a rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device which can effectively solve the problem that the light specific gravity product of the existing water medium coarse slime separation equipment is lost in underflow, and the integration of the centrifugal force field separation principle and the fluidization separation principle in the same equipment can reduce the lower limit of the separation granularity and widen the separation granularity range. The implementation and application of the invention are not limited to the coarse slime separation occasion, and the embodiment and the device adopting the invention are all included in the scope of rights and interests of the invention for other occasions of carrying out particle separation in solid-liquid two-phase fluid.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device is characterized by comprising a cylindrical shell (1), wherein the top of the shell (1) is closed, the bottom of the shell is provided with a bottom plate (2), and the center of the bottom plate (2) is provided with a bottom flow port (3); a feeding pipe (14) tangential to the side wall is arranged above the shell (1); a coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe (7) is arranged at the top of the shell (1), a fine particle clean coal overflow pipe (9) is arranged in the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe (7), the tops of the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe (7) and the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe (9) are both closed, and the central axis of the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe and the central axis of the shell coincide; a coarse particle discharge port (8) tangential to the pipe wall is formed in the coarse particle clean coal overflow pipe (7), and a fine particle discharge port (10) tangential to the pipe wall is formed in the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe (9); a underflow valve core (11) is arranged in the shell (1), the underflow valve core (11) is arranged above the underflow port (3) through a discharge adjusting device, and the discharge adjusting device is used for adjusting the axial distance between the underflow valve core (11) and the underflow port (3); a fluidization water chamber (4) is arranged below the bottom plate (2), a water inlet pipe (5) is arranged on the fluidization water chamber (4), a sewage discharge outlet (6) is arranged at the bottom of the fluidization water chamber, and a pulsation valve (17) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (5); a plurality of annular embedding strips (15) and a plurality of water outlet holes (16) communicated with the fluidized water chamber (4) are arranged above the bottom plate (2).
2. The rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device according to claim 1, wherein the discharging adjustment device comprises an adjustment wheel (13) and an adjustment rod (12), the upper end of the underflow valve core (11) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the adjustment rod (12), and the upper end of the adjustment rod (12) passes through the top of the fine particle clean coal overflow pipe (9) and is fixedly connected with the adjustment wheel.
3. A rotary flow fluidization gravity separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the underflow valve core (11) is a structure formed by two bottom surfaces of conical parts in butt joint, the underflow valve core (11) is arranged above the underflow port (3), and the central axis of the underflow valve core coincides with the central axis of the housing (1).
4. A rotating flow fluidized gravity separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the underflow port (3) is a cone-shaped port with a large upper opening and a small lower opening.
5. A fluidized gravity separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the bottom plate (2) and the horizontal is in the range of-5 ° to +5 °.
CN201910220218.0A 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device Expired - Fee Related CN110038710B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910220218.0A CN110038710B (en) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910220218.0A CN110038710B (en) 2019-03-22 2019-03-22 Rotating flow fluidization gravity separation device

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CN110038710B true CN110038710B (en) 2021-08-17

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4214771C2 (en) * 1992-05-04 1998-05-14 Netzsch Erich Holding Wet grading method and apparatus
CN201482581U (en) * 2009-08-05 2010-05-26 黄山 Novel adjustable bottom flow hydraulic cyclone
CN201862463U (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-06-15 中国矿业大学(北京) Compound-type coal slime interference bed separating device with grading and separating functions
CN202006141U (en) * 2011-01-17 2011-10-12 蒋善勇 Swirler with bottom flow outlet conveniently adjustable in size
AU2012296191B2 (en) * 2011-12-09 2015-08-13 Metso Outotec Finland Oy Deaeration apparatus and method
CN105057085B (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-08-25 中国矿业大学 A kind of eddy flow scans interference bed separation of coarse slime method
CN105435951A (en) * 2015-12-22 2016-03-30 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 Coarse slime separation machine
CN205815945U (en) * 2016-06-02 2016-12-21 山东科技大学 A kind of double overflow pipe three products' dense-media cyclone separator

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Granted publication date: 20210817