Disclosure of Invention
An object of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for processing blockchain data, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring data security while using a blockchain technique.
To solve the above technical problem, one or more embodiments of the present specification are implemented as follows:
in one aspect, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide a method for processing blockchain data, including:
acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
In an embodiment, the performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing manner to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data includes:
and performing hash calculation on each hash data at least once to obtain at least one target hash data.
In one embodiment, the target hash data included in each fragment corresponding to the fragmentation process is not more than a predetermined number.
In one embodiment, the storing the fragmented target hash data into the second blockchains respectively includes:
and respectively storing the target hash data contained in each fragment into the second block chain as a service record.
In an embodiment, before obtaining a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block of the first blockchain, the method further includes:
determining that the data viewing permissions of the first blockchain are visible only to a first specified user group; and determining that the data viewing permission of the second blockchain is visible to all users.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
storing the obfuscated encryption processing mode into a third block chain; and determining that the data viewing permission of the third block chain is visible only to a second specified user group.
In another aspect, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide a block chain data processing apparatus, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
the obfuscation module is used for performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
the fragmentation module is used for carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and the first storage module is used for respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into the second block chains.
In yet another aspect, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide a blockchain data processing system, including a first blockchain, a data processing node, and a second blockchain; wherein:
the first block chain is used for recording a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data;
the data processing node is configured to obtain the plurality of hash data recorded in the block of the first blockchain;
the data processing node is further configured to perform obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data; carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data; respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into the second block chains;
and the second block chain is used for storing the fragmented target hash data.
In yet another aspect, one or more embodiments of the present specification provide a block chain data processing apparatus, including:
a processor; and
a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium for storing computer-executable instructions, where the computer-executable instructions, when executed, implement the following processes:
acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
By adopting the technical scheme of one or more embodiments of the present specification, the obfuscated at least one target hash data is obtained by obtaining a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block of the first block chain and performing obfuscation and encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation and encryption processing mode, and the at least one target hash data is fragmented, so that the fragmented target hash data is respectively stored in the second block chain. Therefore, according to the technical scheme, the finally stored target hash data can be accessed by an external user by confusing the plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of service data, but the external user can hardly analyze the target hash data to acquire information such as the transaction scale and the transaction magnitude. Therefore, the data in the block chain can be guaranteed to be real and transparent, and meanwhile, the data safety can be guaranteed, so that a user can be facilitated to better protect own services when using the block chain.
Detailed Description
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for processing blockchain data, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring data security while using a blockchain technique.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from one or more of the embodiments of the present disclosure without making any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of one or more of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a block chain data processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s102, a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in the first block chain are obtained.
And S104, performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data.
And S106, carrying out fragmentation processing on at least one target hash data.
And S108, respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
In one embodiment, hash data corresponding to business data recorded in a block of the first blockchain is an account book of a transaction recorded in the first blockchain, and the account book may be accessible only to nodes in the first blockchain. The account is obfuscated and encrypted and then stored in a second blockchain, and the obfuscated and encrypted account stored in the second blockchain may be accessible to an external user. Therefore, on one hand, an external user such as the public can access the account book to ensure the data to be true and transparent, and on the other hand, the external user acquires the account book subjected to the obfuscated encryption processing, so that the account book subjected to the obfuscated encryption processing is difficult to analyze to obtain the relevant information of the true transaction amount, and the safety of the transaction information is also ensured.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme, the finally stored target hash data can be accessed by an external user by mixing the plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of service data, but the external user can hardly analyze the target hash data to acquire information such as transaction scale and transaction magnitude. Therefore, the data in the block chain can be guaranteed to be real and transparent, and meanwhile, the data safety can be guaranteed, so that a user can be facilitated to better protect own services when using the block chain.
It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, obfuscating the encryption process of the hash data may include a variety of ways.
Optionally, in an implementation manner, the content composed of a plurality of hash data may be hashed to obtain one hash data.
For example, assuming that Hash data corresponding to 4 storage records in a block of the block chain are HashA, HashB, HashC, and HashD, respectively, the Hash data HashABCD after the encryption process is Hash (HashA + HashB + HashC + HashD), where the function Hash () represents a Hash calculation function, such as MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384, and SHA-512, and so on. In the bitcoin system, the hash algorithm used is SHA-256.
Optionally, in another implementation manner, any one of the hash data may be divided into a plurality of portions of content, and then hash calculation may be performed respectively to obtain a plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of portions of content.
For example, assuming that Hash data corresponding to one storage record in a certain block of the block chain is HashA, the HashA may be split into HashA1 and HashA2, and then Hash processing is performed on the HashA1 and the HashA2, respectively, so as to obtain HashA1 ═ Hash (HashA1) and HashA2 ═ Hash (HashA2), where the HashA1 'and the HashA 2' are Hash data obtained by performing obfuscation and encryption processing on the HashA. Of course, the HashA can be split into 3 parts, 4 parts or even more, and the specific split number of parts, how split, is configurable.
Optionally, in another implementation manner, the content composed of the plurality of hash data may be subdivided into a plurality of portions of content, and hash calculation may be performed on each portion of content, so as to obtain a plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of portions of content.
For example, suppose that hash data corresponding to 4 storage records in a certain block of the block chain are HashA, HashB, HashC, and HashD, respectively, and the content HashABCD of the hash data is (HashA + HashB + HashC + HashD); the HashABCD may be divided into HashABCD1 and HashABCD2, and Hash calculation is performed on HashABCD1 and HashABCD2 to obtain Hash (HashABCD1) and Hash (HashABCD2), where the Hash (HashABCD1) and the Hash (HashABCD2) are multiple Hash data corresponding to the multiple portions of content.
In addition, it should be understood that the obfuscation scheme according to the embodiment of the present application may further perform multiple layers of obfuscation encryption processing, that is, perform one or more layers of obfuscation encryption processing on hash data after one layer of obfuscation encryption processing. The algorithms for obfuscating the encryption process at different layers may be the same or different.
For example, assuming that Hash data corresponding to 4 storage records in a certain block of the block chain are HashA, HashB, HashC, and HashD, respectively, the Hash information HashABCD after the first layer obfuscation encryption is Hash (HashA + HashB + HashC + HashD); the second layer obfuscates the encrypted Hash data into Hash (HashABCD1) and Hash (HashABCD2), wherein HashABCD is HashABCD1+ HashABCD 2.
Optionally, in another implementation, the hash data may be subjected to one or more times of fragmentation processing and/or hash calculation. Specifically, the hash data may be subjected to only the fragmentation processing to obtain the target hash data, or the fragmentation processing and the hash calculation may be combined to perform the obfuscation encryption on the hash data to obtain the target hash data.
A detailed obfuscated encryption processing method is described below.
Firstly, the hash data is sliced according to a specified slicing rule to obtain a plurality of first data segments.
Wherein, the step of assigning the fragmentation rule comprises the following steps: carrying out a fragmentation rule according to the specified data length; for example, if the specified data length is 64KB, the hash data is fragmented according to the rule that each data fragment is 64KB in size; or, a rule for slicing according to a specified time length; for example, if the specified time is 1 second, fragmentation is performed according to the hash data stored in each second, and if the hash data stored in the current 1 second is one data fragment, the hash data stored in the next 1 second is the next data fragment.
And secondly, performing hash calculation on each first data segment to obtain a plurality of second data segments.
Finally, obfuscating the encrypted target hash data is determined from the plurality of second data segments. Specifically, the second data segment may be directly determined as the target hash data, and the second data segment may be further subjected to one or more times of fragmentation processing and/or hash calculation, so as to finally obtain the target hash data.
In this embodiment, an obfuscated encryption processing manner is described in which hash data is first sliced, and then hash calculation is performed on the sliced data fragments. Obviously, due to the diversity of the obfuscating encryption processing modes, the target hash data after the obfuscating encryption processing is difficult to be known by external users, and therefore the security of the target hash data can be ensured.
Of course, besides the above-mentioned obfuscated encryption processing manners, other various obfuscated encryption processing manners may also be adopted to perform obfuscated encryption processing on the hash data, including a manner of combining multiple fragmentation processing and multiple hash calculation, and the order of the multiple fragmentation processing and the multiple hash calculation is not limited. The more times of fragmentation processing and/or hash calculation, i.e. the more complicated the obfuscated encryption processing manner, the higher the security of the obtained target hash data.
In an embodiment, before hash data corresponding to service data recorded in a first block chain is acquired, it may be determined that a data viewing permission of the first block chain is visible only to a first specified user group, for example, only to each node in the first block chain; and determining that the data viewing permissions of the second blockchain are visible to all users, e.g., external users such as the public can access the data.
Wherein the first specified group of users may be one user or a plurality of users.
In this embodiment, since the first blockchain is only visible to the first designated user group and is invisible to other external users, the hash data corresponding to the service data stored in the block in the first blockchain are difficult to be known by the external users, so as to ensure the security of the hash data corresponding to the service data; in addition, the second block chain is visible to all users, that is, all users can know the obfuscated and encrypted target hash data stored in the second block chain, so that the transparent authenticity of data in the block chain is guaranteed, and even if external users know the obfuscated and encrypted target hash data stored in the second block chain, the external users cannot know the real data of the service data because the obfuscated and encrypted processing mode corresponding to the target hash data is unknown, so that the safety of the service data is ensured, and the users can better protect own services when using the block chain.
In an embodiment, when the obfuscated and encrypted at least one target hash data is stored in the second block chain, the obfuscated and encrypted at least one target hash data may be firstly subjected to fragmentation processing, and then the fragmented target hash data is respectively stored in the second block chain.
In this embodiment, the target hash data included in each segment corresponding to the segment processing is not more than the predetermined number, and a total length of the predetermined number of target hash data should not be more than a maximum length of the data recorded in the chunk in the second chunk chain. Therefore, when the obfuscated and encrypted at least one piece of target hash data is sliced, the target hash data can be sliced in a manner that each slice contains a fixed number of pieces of target hash data, wherein the fixed number should not be greater than a predetermined number.
In this embodiment, after the obfuscated and encrypted at least one piece of target hash data is subjected to fragmentation processing, a plurality of fragments are obtained. Therefore, when the fragmented target hash data is stored in the second block chain, the target hash data contained in each fragment can be stored in the second block chain as a service record.
In one embodiment, the obfuscated encryption processing manner may be stored into the third blockchain and the data viewing permissions of the third blockchain determined to be visible only to a second specified group of users.
Wherein the second designated group of users may be one user or a plurality of users. The second designated user group may be the same or different from the first designated user group (i.e., the user group visible for the first blockchain). The second specified user group may be a worker related to the data stored in the first/second blockchain, such as a maintainer of the blockchain, and the user(s) may manage, such as store, update, and the like, the hash data stored in the first/second blockchain; alternatively, the user(s) may also manage the obfuscated encryption processing manners stored in the third block chain, such as storing, modifying, and the like.
In this embodiment, the confusion encryption processing mode is separately stored in the third block chain, so that the second specified user group can conveniently know the confusion encryption processing mode, and the actual data of the service data is obtained by obtaining the confusion encryption processing mode. Moreover, since the third block chain is only visible to the second designated user group and other external users are invisible, the external user is difficult to know the confusion encryption processing mode stored in the third block chain, so that the real data of the service data is difficult to know, and the security of the service data is ensured.
In an embodiment, the obfuscated encryption processing manner may also be stored in the first block chain, and since the first block chain is only visible to the first designated user group and is invisible to other external users, the obfuscated encryption processing manner stored in the first block chain is difficult to be known by the external users, so that the external users are difficult to know the real data of the service data, and the security of the service data is ensured.
In this embodiment, the obfuscated encryption processing mode and the hash data corresponding to the service data are stored in the first area chain together, which not only can ensure the security of the service data, but also can save the occupation of the block chain by the obfuscated encryption processing mode.
In summary, particular embodiments of the present subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
Based on the same idea, the block chain data processing method provided in one or more embodiments of the present specification further provides a block chain data processing apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a block chain data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present specification, and as shown in fig. 2, the block chain data processing apparatus 200 includes:
an obtaining module 210, configured to obtain multiple hash data corresponding to multiple service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
the obfuscating module 220 is configured to perform obfuscating encryption processing on the multiple hash data according to a preset obfuscating encryption processing manner to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
a fragmentation module 230, configured to perform fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
the first storage module 240 is configured to store the fragmented target hash data into the second blockchains respectively.
In one embodiment, the obfuscation module 220 includes:
and the computing unit is used for performing hash computation for each hash datum at least once to obtain at least one target hash datum.
In one embodiment, the fragmentation process includes no more than a predetermined number of target hash data per fragment.
In one embodiment, the first storage module 240 includes:
and the storage unit is used for storing the target hash data contained in each fragment into the second block chain as a service record.
In one embodiment, the apparatus 200 further comprises:
the first determining module is used for determining that the data viewing permission of the first block chain is only visible to a first specified user group before acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in the first block chain; and determining that the data viewing permission of the second blockchain is visible to all users.
In one embodiment, the apparatus 200 further comprises:
the storage and determination module is used for storing the confusion encryption processing mode into the third block chain; and determining that the data viewing permissions of the third blockchain are visible only to a second specified group of users.
By adopting the device in one or more embodiments of the present specification, the obfuscated at least one target hash data is obtained by obtaining a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in the first block chain and performing obfuscation and encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation and encryption processing manner, and the at least one target hash data is subjected to fragmentation processing, so that the fragmented target hash data is respectively stored in the second block chain. Therefore, according to the technical scheme, the finally stored target hash data can be accessed by an external user by confusing the plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of service data, but the external user can hardly analyze the target hash data to acquire information such as the transaction scale and the transaction magnitude. Therefore, the data in the block chain can be guaranteed to be real and transparent, and meanwhile, the data safety can be guaranteed, so that a user can be facilitated to better protect own services when using the block chain.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned apparatus for processing blockchain data can be used to implement the method for processing blockchain data described above, and the detailed description thereof should be similar to that of the method described above, and therefore, for the sake of avoiding complexity, no further description is provided herein.
Based on the same idea, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a block chain data processing system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a blockchain data processing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 3, a blockchain data processing system 300 includes a first blockchain 310, a data processing node 320, and a second blockchain 330; wherein:
a first block chain 310, configured to record multiple hash data corresponding to multiple service data;
a data processing node 320, configured to obtain multiple hash data of the chunk records in the first chunk chain 310;
the data processing node 320 is further configured to perform obfuscating encryption processing on the multiple hash data according to a preset obfuscating encryption processing manner to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data; carrying out fragmentation processing on at least one target hash data; storing the fragmented target hash data into the second block chain 330 respectively;
and a second block chain 330, configured to store the fragmented target hash data.
In one embodiment, data processing node 320 is further configured to:
and performing hash calculation on each hash data at least once to obtain at least one target hash data.
In one embodiment, the fragmentation process includes no more than a predetermined number of target hash data per fragment.
In one embodiment, data processing node 320 is further configured to:
and respectively storing the target hash data contained in each fragment into the second block chain as a service record.
In one embodiment, data processing node 320 is further configured to:
determining that the data viewing permissions of the first blockchain are visible only to a first specified user group; and determining that the data viewing permission of the second blockchain is visible to all users.
In one embodiment, the system 300 further comprises:
the third block chain is used for storing an obfuscated encryption processing mode;
accordingly, the data processing node 320 is further configured to determine the third blockchain data viewing privilege as being visible only to a second specified group of users.
By adopting the system in one or more embodiments of the present specification, the obfuscated at least one target hash data is obtained by obtaining a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in the first block chain and performing obfuscation and encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation and encryption processing manner, and the at least one target hash data is subjected to fragmentation processing, so that the fragmented target hash data is respectively stored in the second block chain. Therefore, according to the technical scheme, the finally stored target hash data can be accessed by an external user by confusing the plurality of hash data corresponding to the plurality of service data, but the external user can hardly analyze the target hash data to acquire information such as the transaction scale and the transaction magnitude. Therefore, the data in the block chain can be guaranteed to be real and transparent, and meanwhile, the data safety can be guaranteed, so that a user can be facilitated to better protect own services when using the block chain.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned system for processing blockchain data can be used to implement the method for processing blockchain data described above, and the detailed description thereof should be similar to that of the method described above, and therefore, for the sake of avoiding complexity, no further description is provided herein.
Based on the same idea, one or more embodiments of the present specification further provide a block chain data processing apparatus, as shown in fig. 4. The blockchain data processing apparatus, which may have relatively large differences in configuration or performance, may include one or more processors 401 and a memory 402, where the memory 402 may store one or more stored applications or data. Wherein memory 402 may be transient or persistent. The application program stored in memory 402 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of computer-executable instructions for a blockchain data processing device. Still further, the processor 401 may be arranged in communication with the memory 402 to execute a series of computer executable instructions in the memory 402 on a blockchain data processing device. The blockchain data processing apparatus may also include one or more power supplies 403, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 404, one or more input-output interfaces 405, one or more keyboards 406.
In particular, in this embodiment, the blockchain data processing apparatus includes a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory, and the one or more programs may include one or more modules, and each module may include a series of computer-executable instructions for the blockchain data processing apparatus, and the one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors include computer-executable instructions for:
acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
Optionally, the computer executable instructions, when executed, may further cause the processor to:
and performing hash calculation on each hash data at least once to obtain at least one target hash data.
Optionally, the target hash data included in each segment corresponding to the segment processing is not more than a predetermined number. Optionally, the computer executable instructions, when executed, may further cause the processor to:
and respectively storing the target hash data contained in each fragment into the second block chain as a service record.
Optionally, the computer executable instructions, when executed, may further cause the processor to:
before obtaining a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain, determining that the data viewing permission of the first block chain is visible only to a first specified user group; and determining that the data viewing permission of the second blockchain is visible to all users.
Optionally, the computer executable instructions, when executed, may further cause the processor to:
storing the obfuscated encryption processing mode into a third block chain; and determining that the data viewing permission of the third block chain is visible only to a second specified user group.
One or more embodiments of the present specification also propose a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs including instructions, which when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, enable the electronic device to perform the above-mentioned block chain data processing method, and in particular to perform:
acquiring a plurality of hash data corresponding to a plurality of service data recorded in a block in a first block chain;
performing obfuscation encryption processing on the plurality of hash data according to a preset obfuscation encryption processing mode to obtain at least one obfuscated target hash data;
the fragmentation module is used for carrying out fragmentation processing on the at least one target hash data;
and respectively storing the fragmented target hash data into a second block chain.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the various elements may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations in implementing one or more embodiments of the present description.
One skilled in the art will recognize that one or more embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
One or more embodiments of the present specification are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
One or more embodiments of the present description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Various modifications and alterations to one or more embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of one or more embodiments of the present specification should be included in the scope of claims of one or more embodiments of the present specification.