CN110031736A - A kind of transformer insulated defect analysis method based on the test of branch's dielectric loss - Google Patents
A kind of transformer insulated defect analysis method based on the test of branch's dielectric loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031736A CN110031736A CN201910184852.3A CN201910184852A CN110031736A CN 110031736 A CN110031736 A CN 110031736A CN 201910184852 A CN201910184852 A CN 201910184852A CN 110031736 A CN110031736 A CN 110031736A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2688—Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transformer insulated defect analysis methods based on the test of branch's dielectric loss.Dielectric loss test is widely used in the analyzing and diagnosing work of transformer insulation state, but traditional dielectric loss test method only tests winding-iron core/folder/ground dielectric loss, and because the limitation of main transformer ground connection generallys use opposition method, cause test accuracy poor, and is difficult to effectively judge the defect of specific location.The present invention is according to large-scale power transformer typical structure, branch's test is carried out to the dielectric loss between transformer winding-iron core, winding-folder and different windings using the positive connection for reducing voltage, and field coupling effect analysis between each section dielectric is combined, the insulation defect between each component of transformer is accurately analyzed and defect location.Transformer insulated defect analysis method proposed by the present invention has higher defect detection efficiency and positional accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the diagnosis of transformer insulated defect, specifically a kind of transformer based on the test of branch's dielectric loss
Winding, iron core, clamp insulation defect detection and diagnosis method.
Background technique
As the big event in transformer handover, prerun, routine and diagnostic test, dielectric loss and capacitance test for
Judge that the serious local defect between transformer insulated whole dampness, oil quality deterioration, winding is of great significance.But it is different and connects
Line mode has very big influence for the test result of dielectric loss capacitance." live Insulation Test is real by DL/T474.3-2006
Apply directive/guide dielectric dissipation factor tan δ test " and the standards such as JB/T501-2006 " power transformer test directive/guide " in provide
Iron core and folder need to be shorted ground connection when test, regard the insulation between winding and iron core, folder and ground as an entirety at this time, survey
Examination the result is that according to the weighted average of capacitance size between each section insulation.But for large-scale power transformer,
Insulation system between winding and iron core, folder is complex, capacitor that is relatively independent and there is complexity between each section insulation
Coupling effect, there is defect in the relatively small SI semi-insulation of capacitance in most cases, would become hard to using traditional mode of connection
Reacted, simply by iron core, folder make grounding many times can not effecting reaction each section insulation true feelings
Condition.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome defect existing for above-mentioned existing detection and analysis technology, one kind is provided
Transformer winding, iron core, the detection and diagnosis method of clamp insulation defect based on the test of branch's dielectric loss, according to large-scale power
Transformer typical structure, using the positive connection of reduction voltage to transformer winding-iron core (folder is grounded or shielding), winding-folder
Dielectric loss between part (iron core grounding or shielding) and different windings carries out branch's test, and combines between each section dielectric
Field coupling effect analysis, the insulation defect between each component of transformer is accurately analyzed and defect location.
For this purpose, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of transformer insulated defect point based on the test of branch's dielectric loss
Analysis method comprising:
A) branch's test is carried out to the dielectric loss between transformer winding-iron core between winding-folder using positive connection, point
Not Huo get iron core/folder ground connection when, winding is to folder/iron core dielectric loss capacitance test value;
B) transformer winding, iron core, the field coupling effect between folder each section dielectric are analyzed, winding pair is passed through
Iron core and winding determine between winding, folder and iron core each section the test value of folder dielectric loss and capacitance and mutual difference
The specific dielectric loss real difference of insulation, excludes the coupling and each insulating element capacitance size pair between each insulating element
The influence of test result;
C) large-scale power transformer typical structure is combined, according to winding to iron core and winding to folder dielectric loss and electric capacitance measurement
Corresponding relationship between test result and each insulating element of transformer, obtains the defect state of each insulating element.
The present invention is according to large-scale power transformer Exemplary insulative structure, when in conjunction with the test of branch's dielectric loss between each insulating element
Capacitive coupling effect, under the different modes of connection branch's dielectric loss test result and inherent physical meaning analyse in depth, can
By to transformer winding-iron core (folder be grounded or shielding) and winding-folder (iron core grounding or shielding) dielectric loss capacitance
Test analysis, Lai Youxiao avoid the capacitive coupling of dielectric loss test result and weighted average effect, realization pair between each insulating element
The effective detection and positioning of small insulation defect between transformer winding and core clamping.
Transformer insulated defect analysis method proposed by the present invention has higher defect detection efficiency and positional accuracy.
Further, in step a), using positive connection to transformer winding-iron core and winding-folder dielectric loss capacitance into
When row test, the test voltage of selection is between 2kV~2.5kV.
Further, in step a), test be transformer near iron core inside winding respectively to iron core and folder
Dielectric loss and capacitance, winding and inside winding are shorted or suspend on the outside of transformer when test, but should not be grounded.
Further, in step b), the insulation on the inside of transformer between winding, iron core and folder constitutes triangle circuit knot
Structure obtains existing apparent T between inside winding, iron core and folder by the equivalent conversion of the star-like loop structure of triangle-
Type network interferences coupling effect.
Further, after triangle loop structure being converted to star-like loop structure, three branches in star-like loop structure
Dielectric loss value it is equivalently represented are as follows:
In formula, subscript " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 " be triangle circuit and star-like circuit in three nodes, respectively represent winding,
Iron core, folder;C12、C13、C23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, between iron core-folder
Capacitance;δ12、δ13、δ23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, between iron core-folder
Dielectric loss value;δ1、δ2、δ3The dielectric loss value of three branches in respectively star-like circuit.
Further, when being tested using branch's dielectric loss, the test value of dielectric loss is δ under winding-iron core mode of connection2, winding-
The test value of dielectric loss is δ under the folder mode of connection3。
Further, the insulation dielectric loss value δ in step b), between winding-iron core12Insulation between winding-folder is situated between
Damage value δ13Difference, be winding-iron core and winding-clamp insulation dielectric loss test value difference, it may be assumed that
δ12-δ13=δ2-δ3。
Further, in step b), when existing defects cause one of in winding-iron core or winding-clamp insulation
When dielectric loss is bigger than normal, δ2With δ3There is apparent the phenomenon that reducing even negative value at least one numerical value;And δ2-δ3It is obvious bigger than normal;It deposits
It is not less than in the exceeded numerical value of dielectric loss of defect part insulation | δ2-δ3|。
Further, in step c), work as δ2δ bigger than normal3It is less than normal or even when there is negative value, show winding and iron on the inside of transformer
Insulation dielectric loss between the heart is exceeded, and the insulation in whole or in part in screen, iron core binding strap between inside winding and iron core is deposited
In defect;Work as δ3δ bigger than normal2It is less than normal or even when there is negative value, show that the insulation dielectric loss on the inside of transformer between winding and folder is super
Mark, laminate between inside winding and upper and lower iron yoke, end circle, shield in insulation existing defects in whole or in part.
It is proposed by the present invention based on branch's dielectric loss test transformer winding, iron core, clamp insulation defect detection and examine
Disconnected method has high detection and diagnosis precision for the small insulation defect between transformer winding and iron core, folder.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the medium-and-large-sized power transformer equivalent capacity distribution diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that (Fig. 2 a be that winding-iron core (presss from both sides for equivalent test circuit diagram in the embodiment of the present invention under the different modes of connection
Part ground connection or shielding), Fig. 2 b is winding-folder (iron core grounding or shielding));
Fig. 3 is that (Fig. 3 a is winding-iron core to equivalent hub-and-spoke configuration circuit diagram under the different modes of connection in the embodiment of the present invention
(folder ground connection or shielding), Fig. 3 b is winding-folder (iron core grounding or shielding));
Fig. 4 is that (Fig. 4 a connects intermediate cam of embodiment of the present invention shape-star-like loop structure equivalent conversion schematic diagram for triangle
Method, Fig. 4 b are wye connection).
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
Embodiment
A kind of transformer insulated defect analysis method based on the test of branch's dielectric loss comprising:
A) using positive connection to transformer winding-iron core (folder is grounded or shielding), winding-folder (iron core grounding or screen
Cover) between dielectric loss carry out branch's test, when obtaining iron core/folder ground connection respectively, winding is to folder/iron core dielectric loss and capacitor
Measure test value;
B) transformer winding, iron core, the field coupling effect between each component dielectric of folder are analyzed, winding pair is passed through
Iron core (folder ground connection or shielding) and winding to the test value of folder (iron core grounding or shielding) dielectric loss and the determination of mutual difference around
The specific dielectric loss real difference of insulation between group, folder and iron core each section, excludes the coupling between each insulating element
And influence of each insulating element capacitance size to test result;
C) large-scale power transformer typical structure is combined, according to winding to iron core (folder is grounded or shielding) and winding to folder
Corresponding relationship between part (iron core grounding or shielding) dielectric loss and electric capacitance measurement test result and each insulating element of transformer obtains each exhausted
The defect state of edge part.
In step a), test be transformer near iron core inside winding respectively to iron core (folder is grounded or shielding)
With the dielectric loss and capacitance of folder (iron core grounding or shielding), winding can be shorted or outstanding with inside winding on the outside of transformer when test
It is floating, but should not be grounded.Dielectric loss test is carried out using positive connection, to guarantee measuring accuracy, but for guarantee the insulation of iron core plus-minus not by
Damage, the test voltage of selection should be between 2kV~2.5kV.
In step b), inside transformer insulation system is as shown in Figure 1;On the inside of transformer between winding, iron core and folder
Insulation constitutes triangle loop structure in the test loop of dielectric loss and capacitance, as shown in Figure 2;Triangle loop structure is being surveyed
There are apparent capacitance coupling effects between each branch in examination circuit, it is difficult to progress quickly and effectively numerical analysis, but triangle
Shape structure can be using equivalent conversion as hub-and-spoke configuration, as shown in Figure 3.
The equivalency transform of triangle loop structure and star-like loop structure as shown in figure 4, for each branch, exist as
Lower relationship:
Wherein, subscript " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 " be triangle circuit and star-like circuit in three nodes, respectively represent winding,
Iron core, folder;Z12、Z13、Z23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, between iron core-folder
The impedance of insulation;R12、R13、R23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, iron core-clamp insulation
Between resistive component;C12、C13、C23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, iron core-folder
Between capacitance;ω is supply frequency;J is plural number mark.δ12、δ13、δ23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-
Iron core, winding-folder, the dielectric loss value between iron core-folder;δ1、δ2、δ3Jie of three branches in respectively equivalent star-like circuit
Damage value.
To remember convenient for expression:
M=a+c+e, n=b+d+f; (4)
Then have:
Z12=a-jb;Z13=c-jd;Z23=e-jf (5)
The dielectric loss value of every branch may be expressed as:
δ12=ω C12R12=a/b;δ13=ω C13R13=c/d;δ23=ω C23R23=e/f; (6)
Meanwhile the dielectric loss value counted in triangle circuit after all branch series connection is δ, then has:
According to equivalent impedance principle, have:
Substitution formula (5), obtains:
For series arm, dielectric loss is represented by impedance real part/imaginary part, so that
δ in above formula12δ13、(δ12+δ13) δ is much smaller than 1, therefore equation can simplify are as follows:
δ1≈δ12+δ13-δ (11)
Substitution formula (4), (7), obtain:
Substitution formula (3), obtains:
It can similarly obtain:
When being tested using branch's dielectric loss, the test result of dielectric loss under winding-iron core (folder ground connection or shielding) mode of connection
For δ2, the test result of dielectric loss is δ under winding-folder (iron core grounding or shielding) mode of connection3.Test result it will subtract each other twice,
It can obtain:
δ12-δ13=δ2-δ3 (16)
Above formula shows the insulation dielectric loss value δ between winding-iron core12Insulation dielectric loss value δ between winding-folder13It
Difference, as winding-iron core (folder ground connection or shielding) and winding-folder (iron core grounding or shielding) insulate dielectric loss test value it
Difference.
When existing defects cause dielectric loss bigger than normal one of in winding-iron core or winding-clamp insulation, δ2With δ3It will
There is apparent the phenomenon that reducing even negative value at least one numerical value;And δ2-δ3It will be obvious bigger than normal;Existing defects SI semi-insulation
The exceeded specific value of dielectric loss be not less than | δ2-δ3|。
Work as δ2δ bigger than normal3It is less than normal or even when there is negative value, show that the insulation dielectric loss on the inside of transformer between winding and iron core is super
Mark, the insulation existing defects in whole or in part in screen, iron core binding strap between winding and iron core;Work as δ3δ bigger than normal2It is less than normal very
To when there is negative value, showing that the insulation dielectric loss on the inside of transformer between winding and folder is exceeded, between winding and upper and lower iron yoke
Laminate, end circle, shield in insulation existing defects in whole or in part.
Application examples
Example is become with ± 800kV a change of current below, in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments to the present invention make into
One step explanation.
The high-end Y/ Δ A phase change of current of certain ± 800kV ultra-high voltage converter station pole I becomes during interruption maintenance, finds source side winding
0.540% (18 DEG C) are reached to valve side winding and ground dielectric loss value, there is certain growth compared with handover value, remaining test includes transformation
The all datas such as device oil dielectric loss, oil chromatogram analysis, winding deformation are all satisfied regulatory requirements.The change of current becomes at source side winding dielectric loss value
In critical demand value, it is difficult to judgement insulation whether there is defect, further carry out the test of branch's dielectric loss to change of current change thus,
Test result is as shown in table 1.
1 branch's dielectric loss test result of table
Tab.1 Resultsofpartdielectriclosstest
Branch's dielectric loss test result shows that source side winding is seriously higher to the dielectric loss value of core inductance, and source side winding is to folder
Even there is the abnormal phenomenon of negative value in the dielectric loss value of insulation.By Such analysis conclusion, which corresponds to source side winding-iron core
When the test mode of (folder ground connection), dielectric loss test result is δ2Bigger than normal, δ3It is serious less than normal, show C12I.e. winding is to iron core
There is obvious exception in the dielectric loss that insulate, i.e. source side winding is bigger than normal to the insulating materials dielectric loss value between iron core.Two kinds connect under under type
Dielectric loss test result difference about 32.5%, show the insulation dielectric loss value between source side winding-iron core at least more than 32.5%,
A possibility that seriously exceeding standard requirements value, there is part dampness or aging is very big.
Laminate, end in view of valve side winding is normal to core clamping dielectric loss test value, between winding and upper and lower iron yoke
The insulation such as circle should there is no obvious abnormal.Dielectric loss value it is bigger than normal may by between source side winding and iron core two layers of screen or iron core tie up
Band causes.
For source side winding to branch's Abnormal Dielectric Losses data of iron core and folder analysis shows, between source side winding and iron core
Two layers of screen and iron core binding strap on insulation there is dampness or a possibility that the defects of aging, causes dielectric loss value bigger than normal compared with
Greatly.
It is subsequent that further change of current change source side winding contains core inductance moisture using modes such as dielectric spectroscopy (FDS)
Amount is assessed, the results showed that the water content that the change of current becomes between source side winding and iron core is 1.7%, relative to change of current change
Rest part insulation and water content (0.6%~0.9%) apparent increase insulated with the other phase changes of current changes of group with position, verifying
The test result of branch dielectric loss test.
By actual test result it is found that the transformer winding proposed by the present invention based on the test of branch's dielectric loss, iron core, folder
The detection and diagnosis method of part insulation defect is tested relative to traditional dielectric loss, between transformer winding and iron core, folder
Insulation defect has high detection and diagnosis precision.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of transformer insulated defect analysis method based on the test of branch's dielectric loss characterized by comprising
A) branch's test is carried out to the dielectric loss between transformer winding-iron core between winding-folder using positive connection, obtained respectively
When obtaining iron core/folder ground connection, winding is to folder/iron core dielectric loss and capacitance test value;
B) transformer winding, iron core, the field coupling effect between folder each section dielectric are analyzed, by winding to iron core
And winding determines the insulation between winding, folder and iron core each section to the test value of folder dielectric loss and capacitance and mutual difference
Specific dielectric loss real difference, exclude coupling between each insulating element and each insulating element capacitance size to test
As a result influence;
C) large-scale power transformer typical structure is combined, according to winding to iron core and winding to folder dielectric loss and capacitance test knot
Corresponding relationship between fruit and each insulating element of transformer, obtains the defect state of each insulating element.
2. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step a), using just connecing
When method tests transformer winding-iron core and winding-folder dielectric loss capacitance, the test voltage of selection is in 2kV~2.5kV
Between.
3. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step a), test is
Transformer near iron core inside winding respectively to the dielectric loss and capacitance of iron core and folder, winding on the outside of transformer when test
It is shorted or suspends with inside winding, but should not be grounded.
4. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step b), in transformer
Insulation between side winding, iron core and folder constitutes triangle loop structure, passes through equivalent turn of the star-like loop structure of triangle-
Change, obtains inside winding, existing apparent T-type network interferences coupling effect between iron core and folder.
5. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that turn triangle loop structure
After being melted into star-like loop structure, the dielectric loss value of three branches is equivalently represented in star-like loop structure are as follows:
In formula, subscript " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 " be triangle circuit and star-like circuit in three nodes, respectively represent winding, iron core,
Folder;C12、C13、C23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, the capacitor between iron core-folder
Amount;δ12、δ13、δ23Respectively node 1-2,1-3,2-3, i.e. winding-iron core, winding-folder, the dielectric loss between iron core-folder
Value;δ1、δ2、δ3The dielectric loss value of three branches in respectively star-like circuit.
6. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that tested using branch's dielectric loss
When, the test value of dielectric loss is δ under winding-iron core mode of connection2, the test value of dielectric loss is δ under winding-folder mode of connection3。
7. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step b), winding-iron core
Between insulation dielectric loss value δ12Insulation dielectric loss value δ between winding-folder13Difference, be winding-iron core and winding-folder it is exhausted
The difference of edge dielectric loss test value, it may be assumed that
δ12-δ13=δ2-δ3。
8. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step b), when winding-iron
When existing defects cause dielectric loss bigger than normal one of in the heart or winding-clamp insulation, δ2With δ3At least one numerical value occurs bright
Aobvious reduction even negative value the phenomenon that;And δ2-δ3It is obvious bigger than normal;The exceeded numerical value of the dielectric loss of existing defects SI semi-insulation is not less than |
δ2-δ3|。
9. transformer insulated defect analysis method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step c), work as δ2δ bigger than normal3
It is less than normal or even when there is negative value, show that the insulation dielectric loss on the inside of transformer between winding and iron core is exceeded, inside winding and iron core
Between screen, the insulation existing defects in whole or in part in iron core binding strap;Work as δ3δ bigger than normal2It is less than normal or even when there is negative value,
Show that the insulation dielectric loss on the inside of transformer between winding and folder is exceeded, laminate, end between inside winding and upper and lower iron yoke
Circle, shield in insulation existing defects in whole or in part.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113391129A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-14 | 国网新疆电力有限公司检修公司 | Method for testing medium loss factor of valve side sleeve and winding of converter transformer |
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CN103336186A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-10-02 | 辽宁省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Method for testing transformer equipment without disassembling lead |
CN203720273U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-07-16 | 国家电网公司 | Transformer dielectric loss and insulation resistor tester |
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SU1023254A1 (en) * | 1980-12-26 | 1983-06-15 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4816 | Device for automatic measuring of capacitor and dielectric loss angle tangent |
CN101833043A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-09-15 | 广元电业局 | Method for measuring electric capacity and dielectric loss of capacitance type voltage transformer |
CN103018576A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-03 | 杭州西湖电子研究所 | Method for measuring dielectric loss factor and insulation resistance of power transformer |
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CN113391129A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-14 | 国网新疆电力有限公司检修公司 | Method for testing medium loss factor of valve side sleeve and winding of converter transformer |
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