CN110031348B - Handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device and detection method thereof - Google Patents

Handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device and detection method thereof Download PDF

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CN110031348B
CN110031348B CN201910345355.7A CN201910345355A CN110031348B CN 110031348 B CN110031348 B CN 110031348B CN 201910345355 A CN201910345355 A CN 201910345355A CN 110031348 B CN110031348 B CN 110031348B
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chicken breast
lignification
conducting rod
sensor
peripheral
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CN110031348A (en
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孙啸
贲宗友
赵明海
谢葛亮
逄滨
何诗行
彭玉平
史长宏
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Chuzhou University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness

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Abstract

The invention relates to a hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device and a detection method thereof, and the hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device comprises a shell, wherein the interior of the shell is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity, a sensor assembly is fixed in the left cavity, the sensor assembly is formed by combining a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a sensor base plate, the pressure sensor is connected with a central conducting rod vertically penetrating through the left end of the shell, the tension sensor is connected with a peripheral conducting rod connecting plate, and the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate is connected with a peripheral transmission rod vertically penetrating through the left end of the shell; an A/D converter and a data processor are arranged in the right cavity; the device provided by the invention is simple in structure, light and portable, can be carried easily, can realize portable detection and classification of the lignification grade of the chicken breast meat in poultry meat processing, saves expenses corresponding to employment and training of rating personnel on a production line, standardizes the quality rating standard of the chicken breast meat, is simple and intuitive to operate, and improves the objectivity, accuracy and working efficiency of the quality detection of the chicken breast meat.

Description

Handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device and detection method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to detection and judgment of chicken breast quality grade, belongs to the field of agricultural product processing and detection, and particularly relates to a handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device and a detection method thereof.
Background
In recent years, boneless chicken breast becomes a favorite meat product for consumers due to the characteristics of rich nutrition, easy cooking and low price; with the increase of the demand of the market on the breast meat of the boneless chicken, poultry breeding enterprises continuously improve the breeding efficiency, and breed broiler varieties with high meat yield and rapid growth.
Nowadays, the broiler breeding speed is shortened by nearly half compared with that before 50 years, and the living mass of broilers is twice of that before 50 years; however, the popularization and development of fast-growing broiler varieties in the poultry market also bring quality problems of a series of poultry products, wherein wood chicken Breast (WB) is the most urgent and most influential, and economic losses of poultry production and processing enterprises caused by wood chicken Breast every year exceed two hundred million dollars.
At present, the related research on the pathogenic mechanism of the xylem does not reveal the direct reason for generating the xylem, the quality grade of the chicken breast adopts an artificial finger pressure hardness detection method, but the artificial finger pressure hardness grading method has the fundamental defects: the method has subjectivity, and when different graders evaluate the lignification grade of the same chicken breast, the judgment results may be different; secondly, inconsistency exists, and when the same grader evaluates the hardness of the same chicken breast twice, the judgment results of the two grades may also be different; thirdly, the method has high grading cost and low efficiency.
Therefore, intensive research on a chicken breast lignification grade grading method and technology is urgently needed, and an objective, accurate and efficient chicken breast lignification grade grading method is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device and a detection method thereof aiming at the defects in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hand-held type chicken breast lignification degree detection device includes:
the inner part of the shell is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity;
the sensor assembly is fixed in the left cavity and comprises a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a sensor base plate, wherein the pressure sensor and the tension sensor are arranged in opposite directions, and the sensor base plate is fixed between the pressure sensor and the tension sensor;
the right end of the central conducting rod is connected with the pressure sensor; the left end of the central conducting rod vertically penetrates through the left end face of the shell;
the right end of each peripheral conducting rod is connected with a peripheral conducting rod connecting plate together, and the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate is positioned in the left cavity and is connected with the tension sensor; the left end of each peripheral conducting rod vertically penetrates through the left end face of the shell; the height of the central conducting rod extending out of the left end of the shell is higher than that of the peripheral conducting rods extending out of the left end of the shell;
the data processor is fixed in the right cavity and used for receiving the signal of the sensor assembly and calculating the lignification grade of the chicken breast;
and the A/D converter is fixed in the right cavity and is respectively connected with the sensor assembly and the data processor.
As a preferred embodiment, two liquid crystal displays are arranged on the right end face of the shell, and the liquid crystal displays are connected with the data processor; two liquid crystal display screens are used for displaying pressure and lignification grade respectively.
As a preferred embodiment, the shell is cylindrical, and the left cavity and the right cavity are both cylindrical cavities; the pressure sensor and the tension sensor are respectively opposite to the circle center of the left end face and the circle center of the right end face of the left cavity; the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate is a circular plate parallel to the end face of the left cavity, the number of the peripheral conducting rods is three, and the three peripheral conducting rods are distributed in a delta shape by taking the circle center of the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate as the center; the tension sensor is connected with the center of the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate.
As a preferred embodiment, a first sensor pressure plate is arranged between the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate and the tension sensor, and a second sensor pressure plate is arranged between the central conducting rod and the pressure sensor; the two sensor pressure plates are used for accurately transmitting pressure to the pressure sensing probe.
In a preferred embodiment, the lead wires of the pressure sensor and the tension sensor extend out of the sensor pad plate and are connected with the A/D converter.
In a preferred embodiment, the height difference between the central conductive rod and the peripheral conductive rod is 1 cm.
In a preferred embodiment, a handle is fixed on the housing; the handheld operation of detection personnel is convenient.
The invention also provides a detection method of the handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, manually grading the lignification degree of the chicken breast by a finger pressing method, wherein the grading standards are four grades of normal, slight, moderate and severe, and the four grades are respectively recorded by adopting four numerical values of 0, 1, 2 and 3;
s2, placing the chicken breast after artificial grading on a horizontal desktop, and holding the device by an operator in a hand mode to enable the central conducting rod and the peripheral conducting rods to be perpendicular to the surface of the top end area of the chicken breast;
s3, an operator presses the device downwards to the chicken breast, the central conducting rod firstly contacts the chicken breast, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure F1 on the central conducting rod along with the increase of the pressing degree; with the continuous pressing of the device, the peripheral conducting rods are also contacted with the chicken breast and are subjected to pressure, and the tension sensor receives the pressure F2 of each peripheral conducting rod on the surface of the chicken breast through the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate; transmitting the measured piezoelectric signal by the a/D converter to a data processor, the data processor recording F1, F2 and calculating the pressure difference F between F1 and F2;
s4, repeating the step S3 for more than three times on the same chicken breast, and respectively calculating average values of F1, F2 and F obtained for multiple times by the data processor;
s5, repeating the steps S1-S4, and establishing a chicken breast lignification grade database, wherein each record of the database consists of F1, F2 and F obtained by the same chicken breast through S4 and lignification grade obtained through S1;
s6, taking each record in the chicken breast lignification grade database as a training set, taking F1, F2 and F of each record as input, taking lignification grade as output, and establishing a BP neural network model of the chicken breast lignification degree according to a BP neural network modeling method;
s7, detecting chicken breast meat without artificial grading according to steps S2-S3, inputting the processed F1, F2 and F into the BP neural network model of the chicken breast meat lignification degree established by S6 by the data processor, and calculating to obtain the lignification grade of the chicken breast meat.
Since the lignification grade value calculated by the BP neural network model is a non-integer, the lignification grade of the chicken breast needs to be rounded to facilitate determination, and the rounding method of the lignification grade of the chicken breast calculated in S7 is as follows:
the calculated value of the lignification grade is less than 0.5, and the lignification grade is 0;
the value of the calculated lignification level is between 0.5 and 1 (including 1), and the lignification level is 1;
the calculated value of the lignification level is between 1 and 2 (including 2), and the lignification level is 2;
the calculated value of the lignification level is more than 2, and the lignification level is 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device provided by the invention is simple in structure, light and portable, can be carried easily, can realize portable detection and classification of the lignification grade of the chicken breast meat in poultry meat processing, saves expenses corresponding to employment and training of rating personnel on a production line, standardizes the quality rating standard of the chicken breast meat, is simple and intuitive to operate, and improves the objectivity, accuracy and working efficiency of the quality detection of the chicken breast meat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing;
wherein: 1-a peripheral conducting rod I, 2-a peripheral conducting rod II, 3-a peripheral conducting rod III, 4-a central conducting rod, 5-a peripheral conducting rod connecting plate, 6-a sensor pressing plate I, 7-a sensor backing plate, 8-a sensor assembly, 81-a pressure sensor, 82-a tension sensor, 9-a sensor pressing plate II, 10-a shell, 101-a left cavity, 102-a right cavity, 11-A/D converter, 12-a liquid crystal display cover, 13-a data processor, 14-a liquid crystal display I, 15-a liquid crystal display II, 16-a power supply and 17-a handle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 4, a handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device comprises: casing 10, casing 10 are cylindric structure, are fixed with handle 17 on the casing 10, are convenient for the handheld operation of measurement personnel.
The housing 10 is internally partitioned into two cylindrical left and right chambers 101 and 102.
The sensor assembly 8 is fixed in the left cavity 101, and a person skilled in the art can select a proper mounting and fixing mode, such as a bracket is added for fixing, so as to ensure that the position of the sensor assembly 8 in the left cavity 101 is always kept unchanged.
The sensor assembly 8 comprises a pressure sensor 81 and a tension sensor 82 which are arranged oppositely, and the pressure sensor 81 and the tension sensor 82 are connected into a whole through a sensor backing plate 7.
The sensor backing plate 7 plays a role in stabilizing and blocking the two sensors, so that the stability of the force sensing process is ensured, and the two sensors cannot be influenced with each other; meanwhile, the lead wires of the two sensors can uniformly penetrate through the sensor backing plate 7 to be led out to the A/D converter 11, and the electric signals are transmitted.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the uniformity of the detection force directions, the pressure sensor 81 and the tension sensor 82 are respectively aligned with the center of the left end face and the center of the right end face of the left cavity 101.
A central transmission rod 4 and three peripheral transmission rods (a peripheral transmission rod I1, a peripheral transmission rod II 2 and a peripheral transmission rod III 3) are arranged in the left cavity 101.
The pressure sensor 81 is connected to the right end of the central conducting rod 4, and the left end of the central conducting rod 4 vertically passes through the left end surface of the housing 10.
The right ends of the three peripheral conducting rods are connected with a peripheral conducting rod connecting plate 5 together, and the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate 5 is a circular plate parallel to the end face of the left cavity 101; referring to fig. 3, the three peripheral conducting rods are distributed in a delta shape with the center of the circle of the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate 5 as the center, so as to ensure that the three peripheral conducting rods are uniformly stressed during detection.
The left end of each peripheral conducting rod vertically penetrates through the left end of the shell 10; the height of the central conducting rod 4 extending out of the left end of the shell is higher than the height of the peripheral conducting rods extending out of the left end of the shell 10 (the extending heights of the peripheral transmission rods I1, II 2 and III 3 are consistent), and the height difference between the central conducting rod 4 and the peripheral conducting rods is preferably 1 cm.
The tension sensor 82 is connected to the center of the peripheral conductive tie plate 5.
In this embodiment, the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate 5 and the tension sensor 82 are fixedly connected through the first sensor pressing plate 6, the central conducting rod 4 and the pressure sensor 81 are fixedly connected through the second sensor pressing plate 9, and the two sensor pressing plates are used for accurately transmitting force to the sensor probe.
During the use, the device is handed to operating personnel, with central conduction pole 4 (peripheral conduction pole) just to chicken breast top region, then press down gradually with appropriate dynamics (to central conduction pole and peripheral conduction pole all contact the chicken breast atress), central conduction pole 4 is higher during the detection because of the height, can contact the chicken breast earlier, pressure F1 that the chicken breast feedbacks is detected by pressure sensor 81, along with further pressing down, each peripheral conduction pole contacts the chicken breast, pressure F2 that the chicken breast feedbacks acts on peripheral conduction pole connecting plate 5, detect by tension sensor 82.
Pressure sensor 81 and tension sensor 82 of the structural design of this device are central conduction pole 4 and peripheral conduction pole of complex respectively, mainly be in order to solve the problem that artifical application of force is not unified when measuring many times to a certain extent, with two pressure value F1, F2 and two pressure difference F comprehensive evaluation chicken breast's hardness index, the pressure parameter that detects is although not simple reaction chicken breast's hardness, but synthesize three index and can reduce the influence that the manual work was exerted pressure size to a certain extent, in order to do benefit to the accuracy that detects.
A data processor 13 and an A/D converter 11 are arranged in the right cavity 102, and the A/D converter 11 is respectively connected with the sensor assembly 8 and the data processor 13 and is used for receiving the electric signal of the sensor assembly 8, converting the electric signal into a data signal and sending the data signal to the data processor 13; the data processor 13 is used for receiving the stored data signals and calculating the lignification grade of the chicken breast according to an internal preset model.
The right end face of the housing 10 of this embodiment is designed as a liquid crystal display cover 12, on which two liquid crystal display screens (a first liquid crystal display screen 14 and a second liquid crystal display screen 15) and a power supply 16 (the device may be provided with a built-in battery or an external power supply) are arranged, the liquid crystal display screens are connected with a data processor 13; the liquid crystal display screen I14 and the liquid crystal display screen II 15 are respectively used for displaying the detected pressure and the corresponding lignification grade of the chicken breast.
The specific detection method of the equipment comprises the following steps:
and S1, manually grading the lignification degree of the same batch of chicken breast meat by a finger pressure method, wherein the grading standards are four grades of normal, mild, moderate and severe, and the four grades are respectively recorded by adopting four numerical values of 0, 1, 2 and 3.
The specific manual rating process is as follows: the method is characterized in that the degree of lignification is rated by manually grabbing and observing chicken breast meat by a research or a worker who is trained and has rating experience, and the rating standard is as follows:
normally, the whole body is very soft, the appearance is smooth and fine, the flexibility is good, and the chicken breast meat freely hangs down at two ends when being lifted in the hands.
Slightly, overall soft, with a slightly firm tactile sensation in the flesh-like tip region.
The hardness of the meat sample is mainly concentrated in the top end area, but the bottom of the meat sample is still soft, the bottom of the meat sample still has a certain drooping feeling when being lifted in the hand, the whole meat sample can sense the hardness, but the meat sample still has certain flexibility in the area from the middle part to the bottom of the meat sample, and the bottom of the meat sample is hidden in a raised part caused by the increase of the hardness.
Seriously, the meat-like overall touch is hard and has no flexibility, the overall hardness is increased along with the increase of the score, and the surface presents a woody texture structure. The fasciated hand has no sagging feeling, and can generally stand in the hand in a whole way, the surface of the whole body has water-film secretion, the bottom can obviously see the convex part, and different parts of the surface of the part sample have infiltrative bloodstains.
The manual rating standard provided by the embodiment is a conventional evaluation standard in the industry, but is not limited to the standard, and all existing lignification rating methods can be used in the method of the present invention, and finally, the four lignification rating values of 0, 1, 2, and 3 are uniformly recorded.
And S2, placing the chicken breast after artificial grading on a horizontal desktop, and holding the device by an operator so that the central conducting rod 4 and the peripheral conducting rods are perpendicular to the surface of the top end area of the chicken breast.
S3, an operator presses the device downwards to the chicken breast (the force is moderate and gradually increases until the peripheral conducting rods are stressed), the central conducting rod 4 contacts the chicken breast firstly, and the pressure sensor 81 detects the pressure F1 on the central conducting rod 4 through the sensor pressing plate II 9 along with the increase of the pressing force; as the device is further pressed down, the peripheral conducting bars 1, 2 and 3 are simultaneously contacted with the chicken breast and are subjected to pressure, and the tension sensor 82 receives the pressure F2 of each peripheral conducting bar on the surface of the chicken breast through the peripheral conducting bar connecting plate 5 and the sensor pressing plate-6.
And F1, F2 and F can be simultaneously displayed on the liquid crystal display screen I14 during detection, so that the control is convenient for an operator to control.
The measured piezoelectric signal is converted into a data signal by the a/D converter 11 and transmitted to the data processor 13, and the data processor 13 records F1, F2, and calculates the pressure difference F between F1 and F2.
And S4, repeating the step S3 for more than three times on the same chicken breast, and the data processor 13 respectively calculates the average value of the F1, the F2 and the F obtained for multiple times.
And S5, repeating the steps S1-S4, and establishing a database of the lignification grades of the chicken breast meat by the data processor 13, wherein each record of the database consists of F1, F2 and F obtained by the same chicken breast meat through S4 and the lignification grade obtained through S1.
S6, the data processor 13 takes each record in the chicken breast lignification level database as a training set, takes F1, F2 and F of each record as input, takes the lignification level as output, and establishes a BP neural network model of the chicken breast lignification degree according to a BP neural network modeling method.
S7, detecting chicken breast meat without artificial grading according to steps S2-S3, inputting the processed F1, F2 and F into the BP neural network model of the chicken breast meat lignification degree established by S6 by the data processor 13, and calculating the lignification grade of the chicken breast meat.
Since the lignification grade value calculated by the BP neural network model is a non-integer, the lignification grade of the chicken breast needs to be rounded to facilitate determination, and the rounding method of the lignification grade of the chicken breast calculated in S7 is as follows:
the calculated value of the lignification grade is less than 0.5, the lignification grade is 0 and normal;
the calculated value of the lignification level is between 0.5 and 1 (including 1), and the lignification level is 1 and slight;
the calculated value of the lignification grade is between 1 and 2 (including 2), and the lignification grade is 2 and moderate;
the calculated value of the lignification grade is more than 2, and the lignification grade is 3, which is serious.
The above examples and drawings are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a hand-held type chicken breast lignification degree detection device which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the inner part of the shell is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity;
the sensor assembly is fixed in the left cavity and comprises a pressure sensor, a tension sensor and a sensor base plate, wherein the pressure sensor and the tension sensor are arranged in opposite directions, and the sensor base plate is fixed between the pressure sensor and the tension sensor;
the right end of the central conducting rod is connected with the pressure sensor; the left end of the central conducting rod vertically penetrates through the left end face of the shell;
the right end of each peripheral conducting rod is connected with a peripheral conducting rod connecting plate together, and the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate is positioned in the left cavity and is connected with the tension sensor; the left end of each peripheral conducting rod vertically penetrates through the left end face of the shell; the height of the central conducting rod extending out of the left end of the shell is higher than that of the peripheral conducting rods extending out of the left end of the shell;
the data processor is fixed in the right cavity and used for receiving the signal of the sensor assembly and calculating the lignification grade of the chicken breast;
and the A/D converter is fixed in the right cavity and is respectively connected with the sensor assembly and the data processor.
2. The hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein: and the right end face of the shell is provided with two liquid crystal display screens, and the liquid crystal display screens are connected with the data processor.
3. The hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the shell is cylindrical, and the left cavity and the right cavity are cylindrical cavities; the pressure sensor and the tension sensor are respectively opposite to the circle center of the left end face and the circle center of the right end face of the left cavity; the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate is a circular plate parallel to the end face of the left cavity, the number of the peripheral conducting rods is three, and the three peripheral conducting rods are distributed in a delta shape by taking the circle center of the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate as the center; the tension sensor is connected with the center of the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate.
4. A hand-held chicken breast lignification detection device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: a first sensor pressing plate is arranged between the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate and the tension sensor, and a second sensor pressing plate is arranged between the central conducting rod and the pressure sensor.
5. The hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein: and lead wires of the pressure sensor and the tension sensor extend out of the sensor backing plate and are connected with the A/D converter.
6. A hand-held chicken breast lignification detection device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the height difference between the central conducting rod and the peripheral conducting rods is 1 cm.
7. The hand-held chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein: a handle is fixed on the shell.
8. The detection method of the handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, manually grading the lignification degree of the chicken breast by a finger pressing method, wherein the grading standards are four grades of normal, slight, moderate and severe, and the four grades are respectively recorded by adopting four numerical values of 0, 1, 2 and 3;
s2, placing the chicken breast after artificial grading on a horizontal desktop, and holding the device by an operator in a hand mode to enable the central conducting rod and the peripheral conducting rods to be perpendicular to the surface of the top end area of the chicken breast;
s3, an operator presses the device downwards to the chicken breast, the central conducting rod firstly contacts the chicken breast, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure F1 on the central conducting rod along with the increase of the pressing degree; with the continuous pressing of the device, the peripheral conducting rods are also contacted with the chicken breast and are subjected to pressure, and the tension sensor receives the pressure F2 of each peripheral conducting rod on the surface of the chicken breast through the peripheral conducting rod connecting plate; transmitting the measured piezoelectric signal by the a/D converter to a data processor, the data processor recording F1, F2 and calculating the pressure difference F between F1 and F2;
s4, repeating the step S3 for more than three times on the same chicken breast, and respectively calculating average values of F1, F2 and F obtained for multiple times by the data processor;
s5, repeating the steps S1-S4, and establishing a chicken breast lignification grade database, wherein each record of the database consists of F1, F2 and F obtained by the same chicken breast through S4 and lignification grade obtained through S1;
s6, taking each record in the chicken breast lignification grade database as a training set, taking F1, F2 and F of each record as input, taking lignification grade as output, and establishing a BP neural network model of the chicken breast lignification degree according to a BP neural network modeling method;
s7, detecting chicken breast meat without artificial grading according to steps S2-S3, inputting the processed F1, F2 and F into the BP neural network model of the chicken breast meat lignification degree established by S6 by the data processor, and calculating to obtain the lignification grade of the chicken breast meat.
9. The detection method of the handheld chicken breast lignification degree detection device according to claim 8, wherein the detection method comprises the following steps: the method for rounding the lignification grade of the chicken breast calculated in the S7 comprises the following steps:
the calculated value of the lignification grade is less than 0.5, and the lignification grade is 0;
the value of the calculated lignification level is between 0.5 and 1 (including 1), and the lignification level is 1;
the calculated value of the lignification level is between 1 and 2 (including 2), and the lignification level is 2;
the calculated value of the lignification level is more than 2, and the lignification level is 3.
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