CN110018291A - A kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system - Google Patents
A kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018291A CN110018291A CN201910310858.0A CN201910310858A CN110018291A CN 110018291 A CN110018291 A CN 110018291A CN 201910310858 A CN201910310858 A CN 201910310858A CN 110018291 A CN110018291 A CN 110018291A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test systems, include mainly analog simulation experiment shelf, is inside equipped with coal rock layer similar materials, water-bearing layer similar materials, water-resisting key strata similar materials and obturation similar materials；Water-bearing layer is made of the transparent flexible water tank equipped with thick, fine aggregate, and side connects water recharging device, provides steady seepage pressure to water-bearing layer using water pump, quantity and the adjustable permeable combination aperture apparatus of pore size is arranged in water tank lower part；Water-resisting key strata analog material is mainly made into impervious waterproof material and supplementary cementitious materials by the required likelihood ratio by aggregate；Obturation similar materials are chosen according to the ess-strain theory of similarity.The advantages that physical simulation that filling mining overburden deformation, crack develop with seepage flow gushing water response process under the conditions of the achievable fluid structurecoupling of the present invention, has method simple, strong operability, model accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to physical simulation test system technical fields, and in particular to a kind of filling mining stream consolidates coupling
Close physical simulation experiment test system.
Background technique
In recent years, the exploitation center of gravity of coal resources in China is gradually deep to western ecology fragility shortage of water resources mining area and east
The transfer of ground complex hydrologic geology mining area, water-retaining production problem face huge challenge.Comprehensive mechanization solid filling coal-mining technique
As one of technology widely used in lasting exploit, can be realized under water-bearing layer and under water body coal resources safety open
It adopts, the evolution Feature of wall-rock crack field, seepage field and stress field in theoretical research solid filling recovery process, for scientific guidance
Field engineering application is of great significance.Physical simulation is effectively ground as research mining activity host rock environment variation
Study carefully means and is widely used always.However, at present for fill water-retaining production physical simulation pilot system mostly with
Rock stratum replaces water-bearing layer, does not consider the seepage effect of water, is applied in water-retaining production further to explore filling mining technology
Practical application effect needs convection current to consolidate coupling condition retrofilling exploitation water-resisting key strata, water-bearing layer deformation failure and seepage flow gushing water
Process Problems further spread out research.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the deficiency of above-mentioned existence conditions retrofilling exploitation physical simulation test macro, the present invention
A kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system is provided.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system, including analog simulation experiment shelf and its frame
Rock stratum similar materials, the water-bearing layer similar materials, the similar mould of water-resisting key strata set gradually from top to bottom inside frame
Quasi- material and obturation similar materials and coal seam similar materials；It installs vertically on the top of the analog simulation experiment shelf
Pressurize oil cylinder, to simulate overlying rock self weight；
The water-bearing layer similar materials are equipped with thick, fine aggregate transparent flexible water tank, the setting of lower part uniform intervals
Several permeable combination aperture apparatus, the side of transparent flexible water tank are connected with water recharging device, are provided by booster water pump for it
Steady seepage pressure；
The water-resisting key strata analog material is similar according to infiltration to impervious waterproof material and supplementary cementitious materials by aggregate
Than preparing；
The obturation similar materials are the preparation including sponge, plastic foam, plain paper, thin three-ply board
Similar obturation made of material configuration；
The rock stratum similar materials are the mixture being made of sand, calcium carbonate and gypsum.
Further, each permeable combination aperture apparatus be 4 permeable holes opened up in transparent flexible water tank bottom and
The permeable combination bore control device covered thereon；The permeable combination bore control device be an inner concave shape round cover plate, described 4
A permeable hole is followed successively by permeable combination bore No.1 hole, permeable combination with the setting of center of circle uniform intervals, by the ascending sequence in aperture
No. four hole of hole two, No. three holes of permeable combination bore, permeable combination bore holes, aperture ratio 2:5:7:10；Where 4 permeable holes
Center of circle ring and the sum of the radius in permeable No. four holes of combination bore be less than the radius of the permeable combination bore control device, and it is described
The interior concane gap of water combination bore control device is along round cover plate diameter symmetry setting；Pass through the difference of permeable combination bore control device
It rotates angle and controls aperture situation.
Further, the transparent flexible water tank analog material in the water-bearing layer meets the ess-strain theory of similarity, inside
It is respectively the smooth cobblestone of 5~40mm partial size and the fine sand of 2~8mm partial size equipped with thick, thin skeleton particle.
Further, the water-resisting key strata analog material (3) uses paraffin and vaseline as impervious waterproof material,
Use calcium carbonate and gypsum as supplementary cementitious materials, uses sand as aggregate, be formulated according to the water rationality theory of similarity.
Further, the water recharging device (6) is the water-supply-pipe being installed on the right side of transparent flexible water tank, by with its
The booster water pump (12) of connection realizes the control to osmotic pressure；Booster water pump (12) divides into flowmeter (13), water source delivery pipe
Road is equipped with check-valves (15) and pressure sensor (16).
The test method of the test macro are as follows: by simulating coal seam filling mining, realize water-resisting key strata, water-bearing layer deformation
The destructive process responded with seepage flow gushing water, specifically includes the following steps:
1) it constructs analog simulation model: referring to the practical geologic information of coal mine, the rock stratum attribute of simulated object is determined, in conjunction with phase
Like simulation than the geometric parameter of determining simulation material, each rock stratum analog feature parameter, each rock stratum analog material is prepared；
2) laying of each rock stratum similar materials: transparent flexible water tank is carried out according to the analog simulation model parameter of building
Overlying rock lay after, filled the water into transparent flexible water tank, stable source of water determined according to mine physical condition and the likelihood ratio
Osmotic pressure；Start vertical pressurization oil cylinder in the injecting process and simulates overlying strata primary stress；
3) step number is excavated according to design and every step excavation length carries out coal seam excavation: and filled in time after coal seam is excavated
Fill out body similar materials；In coal seam excavation and stowing operation, to overlying rock especially water-resisting key strata and water-bearing layer
Deformation failure is observed and is recorded with seepage flow gushing water process, while being recorded booster water pump and being divided into flowmeter numerical value change and water source
The numerical value change of pressure sensor on transfer pipeline；
4) it repeats same experiment flow and different simulations is produced by the different ratio to obturation similar materials
The similar obturation of Full Ratio is realized and is become to water-resisting key strata, water-bearing layer in the filling mining fluid structurecoupling under different Full Ratios
Shape destroys the simulation with seepage flow gushing water process.
The utility model has the advantages that a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system provided by the invention, with
The prior art is compared, and has the advantage that the present invention realizes under fluid structure interaction, the physics phase of solid filling water protection mining
Like simulation, system structure is simple, using conveniently, has being widely popularized property, experimental result is more close to engineering problem.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is permeable combination aperture apparatus aperture schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that permeable combination aperture apparatus regulates and controls pore size schematic illustration.
Wherein: the rock stratum 1- similar materials, the water-bearing layer 2- similar materials, 3- water-resisting key strata analog simulation material
Material, 4- obturation similar materials, the coal seam 5- similar materials, 6- water recharging device, 7- beginning line, 8- stop adopting line,
The permeable combination aperture apparatus of 9-, 10- analog simulation experiment shelf, 11- pressurize oil cylinder vertically, 12- booster water pump, 13- flowmeter, 14-
Water feeding tank 15- check-valves, 16- pressure sensor, 17- permeable combination bore No.1 hole, No. two holes of the permeable combination bore of 18-, 19- are permeable
No. three holes of combination bore, No. four holes of the permeable combination bore of 20-, the permeable combination bore control device of 21-.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system, including analog simulation are real
Frame 10 is tested, is successively arranged rock stratum similar materials 1, water-bearing layer similar materials in analog simulation experiment shelf 10 from top to bottom
2, water-resisting key strata similar materials 3, obturation similar materials 4 and coal seam similar materials 5；The similar mould in water-bearing layer
Quasi- material 2 is made of the transparent flexible water tank equipped with thick, fine aggregate, and one side connects water recharging device 6, utilizes booster water pump
12 provide stable source of water osmotic pressure to water-bearing layer, and quantity and the adjustable permeable combination bore dress of pore size is arranged in water tank lower part
Set 9；Water-resisting key strata similar materials 3 mainly press the required likelihood ratio by aggregate and impervious waterproof material and supplementary cementitious materials
It is formulated；Obturation similar materials 4 are chosen according to the ess-strain theory of similarity.
The controllable permeable combination aperture apparatus of transparent flexible water tank lower part setting certain amount, pore size, unlatching quantity,
Opening diameter size is according to practical permeability of aquifer energy parameter designing.Water-resisting key strata uses paraffin and vaseline as impervious
Waterproof material uses calcium carbonate and gypsum as supplementary cementitious materials, uses sand as aggregate, according to the water rationality theory of similarity
It configures.Specific step is as follows:
(1) on the outside of water-bearing layer similar materials 2 be transparent flexible water tank, inner frame particle by big partial size (5~
40mm) smooth cobblestone and fine sand grain (2~8mm) are constituted, it can be achieved that mining induced stress conduction, compressibility and visuality.
(2) water-resisting key strata similar materials 3 according to the water rationality theory of similarity configuration, selection, manufacturing process include with
Under several steps:
A. it uses 58# fully refined paraffin wax and no-toxicity medical grade White petrolatum as impervious waterproof material, uses calcium carbonate
With gypsum as supplementary cementitious materials；
A. aggregate and cementing material are weighed according to the water-resisting key strata similar material mixture being pre-designed；
B. it is stirred evenly by NJ160 type blender by aggregate is mixed；
C. it by paraffin and vaseline mixing cementitious matter heating melting, pours into mixing aggregate and is again stirring for uniformly；
D. mixing material is made and is formed through special standard module；
E. the test specimen after demoulding is placed in curing box and conserves progress strength test in 7 days；
F. conserve after test specimen soak respectively 1h, 8h, 12h with for 24 hours carry out water absorption rate and coefficient of softing test.
(3) obturation similar materials 4 are adopted using sponge, plastic foam, plain paper, the proportion production of thin three-ply board
The waste filling body for being 80% with 1cm plastic foam, 2cm plain paper, the thin three-ply board simulation Full Ratio of 0.5cm, using the sea 1cm
The waste filling body that silk floss, 0.5cm plastic foam, 2cm plain paper simulation Full Ratio are 65%.
(4) water recharging device 6 is installed on the right side of transparent flexible water tank, passes through booster water pump 12 connected to it realization pair
The control of osmotic pressure, booster water pump 12 are connected to water feeding tank 14 and provide water source for it；Booster water pump 12 divides into flowmeter 13, right
Seepage flow water is monitored under mining influence；The setting of check-valves 15 effectively prevent water flow to flow backwards；The setting of pressure sensor 16 exists
On water source transfer pipeline, the implementing monitoring to hydraulic pressure in transparent flexible water tank is realized.
(5) water that permeable combination aperture apparatus 9 is arranged in transparent flexible water tank lower part, transparent flexible water tank seeps downwards through it
Thoroughly；3 rows 11 column totally 33 permeable combination aperture apparatus 9 are set altogether in transparent flexible water tank lower part, each permeable combination aperture apparatus 9 is total
If 4 different size of permeable holes, permeable combination bore No.1 hole 17, permeable combination bore two are followed successively by by the ascending sequence in aperture
Number hole 18, No. three holes 19 of permeable combination bore, No. four holes 20 of permeable combination bore, aperture is followed successively by 4mm, 10mm, 14mm and 20mm；Thoroughly
For the interior concane gap of water combination bore control device 21 along round cover plate diameter symmetry setting, it is saturating that indent notch size meets minimax
Water requirement.It can be realized by the different rotary angle for the permeable combination bore control device 21 that aperture shown in Fig. 3 is 620mm to aperture
The control of situation；If Fig. 3 (a) state is only to open permeable combination bore No.1 hole 17, if Fig. 3 (b) state is only to open permeable group
The hole 18 of hole two is closed, if Fig. 3 (c) state is only to open No. three holes 19 of permeable combination bore, as Fig. 3 (d) state is permeable only to open
No. four holes 20 of combination bore may be implemented when permeable combination bore control device 21 is adjusted to the angle as shown in Fig. 3 (e) to saturating
The closing in water hole.
(6) it is from beginning line 7, until stopping adopting 8 end of line, filling mining coal seam 5 that direction is excavated in coal seam in similarity simulation experiment
Every step should fill obturation similar materials 4 after excavating in time.
(7) step number is excavated according to design and every step excavation length carries out coal seam excavation, should filled in time after coal seam is excavated
Obturation similar materials.In coal seam excavation and stowing operation, to overlying rock especially water-resisting key strata and water-bearing layer
Deformation failure observed and recorded with seepage flow gushing water process, while should record booster water pump divide into flowmeter numerical value change and
The numerical value change of pressure sensor on water source transfer pipeline.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system, it is characterised in that: including analog simulation reality
Test rock stratum similar materials (1), water-bearing layer similar materials that frame (10) and its lower portion are set gradually from top to bottom
(2), water-resisting key strata similar materials (3) and obturation similar materials (4) and coal seam similar materials (5)；Institute
Vertical pressurization oil cylinder (11) is installed on the top for stating analog simulation experiment shelf (10), to simulate overlying rock self weight；
The water-bearing layer similar materials (2) are equipped with thick, fine aggregate transparent flexible water tank, if lower part uniform intervals are arranged
Water combination aperture apparatus (9) is parched, the side of transparent flexible water tank is connected with water recharging device (6), passes through booster water pump (12)
Steady seepage pressure is provided for it；
The water-resisting key strata analog material (3) is by aggregate and impervious waterproof material and supplementary cementitious materials according to the infiltration likelihood ratio
It prepares；
The obturation similar materials (4) are the preparation including sponge, plastic foam, plain paper, thin three-ply board
Similar obturation made of material configuration；
The rock stratum similar materials (1) are the mixture being made of sand, calcium carbonate and gypsum.
2. a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system according to claim 1, feature
Be: each permeable combination aperture apparatus (9) is 4 permeable holes opened up in transparent flexible water tank bottom and covers thereon
Permeable combination bore control device (21)；The permeable combination bore control device (21) be an inner concave shape round cover plate, described 4
Permeable hole is followed successively by permeable combination bore No.1 hole (17), permeable group with the setting of center of circle uniform intervals, by the ascending sequence in aperture
Close the hole (18) of hole two, No. four No. three holes (19) of permeable combination bore, permeable combination bore holes (20), aperture ratio 2:5:7:10；Institute
It states the sum of the center of circle ring where 4 permeable holes and the radius of No. four holes (20) of permeable combination bore and is less than the permeable combination bore and control
The radius of device (21), and the interior concane gap of the permeable combination bore control device (21) is along round cover plate diameter symmetry setting；
Aperture situation is controlled by the different rotary angle of permeable combination bore control device (21).
3. a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system according to claim 1, feature
Be: the transparent flexible water tank analog material in the water-bearing layer meets the ess-strain theory of similarity, internal that thick, thin skeleton is housed
Particle is respectively the smooth cobblestone of 5~40mm partial size and the fine sand of 2~8mm partial size.
4. a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system according to claim 1, feature
Be: the water-resisting key strata analog material (3) uses paraffin and vaseline as impervious waterproof material, using calcium carbonate with
Gypsum uses sand as aggregate, is formulated according to the water rationality theory of similarity as supplementary cementitious materials.
5. according to a kind of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system described in claim 1, feature exists
In: the water recharging device (6) is the water-supply-pipe being installed on the right side of transparent flexible water tank, passes through booster water pump connected to it
(12) control to osmotic pressure is realized；Booster water pump (12) is divided into flowmeter (13), and water source transfer pipeline is equipped with check-valves
(15) and pressure sensor (16).
6. according to a kind of work side of filling mining fluid structurecoupling physical simulation experiment test system described in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: by simulating coal seam filling mining, realize water-resisting key strata, water-bearing layer deformation and the response of seepage flow gushing water
Destructive process, specifically includes the following steps:
1) it constructs analog simulation model: referring to the practical geologic information of coal mine, the rock stratum attribute of simulated object is determined, in conjunction with similar mould
Intend preparing each rock stratum analog material than the geometric parameter of determining simulation material, each rock stratum analog feature parameter；
2) carry out the laying of each rock stratum similar materials according to the analog simulation model parameter of building: transparent flexible water tank it is upper
It after rock stratum is laid, is filled the water into transparent flexible water tank, determines that stable source of water permeates according to mine physical condition and the likelihood ratio
Pressure；Start vertical pressurization oil cylinder in the injecting process and simulates overlying strata primary stress；
3) step number is excavated according to design and every step excavation length carries out coal seam excavation: and obturation is filled in time after coal seam is excavated
Similar materials；Deformation in coal seam excavation and stowing operation, to overlying rock especially water-resisting key strata and water-bearing layer
Destruction is observed and is recorded with seepage flow gushing water process, while being recorded booster water pump and being divided into flowmeter numerical value change and water source conveying
The numerical value change of pressure sensor on pipeline；
4) same experiment flow is repeated, by the different ratio to obturation similar materials, different simulations is produced and enriches
The similar obturation of rate is realized to deform water-resisting key strata, water-bearing layer in the filling mining fluid structurecoupling under different Full Ratios and be broken
The bad simulation with seepage flow gushing water process.
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