CN110018287A - A kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge - Google Patents
A kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018287A CN110018287A CN201910411815.1A CN201910411815A CN110018287A CN 110018287 A CN110018287 A CN 110018287A CN 201910411815 A CN201910411815 A CN 201910411815A CN 110018287 A CN110018287 A CN 110018287A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- CUZMQPZYCDIHQL-VCTVXEGHSA-L calcium;(2s)-1-[(2s)-3-[(2r)-2-(cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propanoyl]sulfanyl-2-methylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].N([C@H](C)C(=O)SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C1CCCCC1.N([C@H](C)C(=O)SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C([O-])=O)C(=O)C1CCCCC1 CUZMQPZYCDIHQL-VCTVXEGHSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge, including high voltage source unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit, discharge electrode test unit, discharge energy measuring unit, control and measuring unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and discharge switch trigger unit；Control is electrically connected with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and discharge energy measuring unit respectively with measuring unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit is electrically connected with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and discharge electrode test unit respectively, and discharge switch trigger unit is electrically connected with high voltage source unit.Electrostatic test instrument of the invention can simulate all parameters in static electricity on human body's spark discharge circuit, meanwhile, instrument reliability with higher, safety can repeatedly carry out experiment test, and have the function of measurement, record electrostatic discharge energies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-pressure electronic field of circuit technology, in particular to a kind of explosive for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge
Electrostatic test instrument.
Background technique
Since explosive wastewater is high-insulativity substance mostly, is easily generated in production, transport and use and to accumulate high energy quiet
Electricity, when generating static discharge (ESD), the risk for the explosive wastewater that ignites is very big.According to statistics, about 10% -20% fire is fried
Medicine accident blast accident is as caused by static discharge.Therefore, for the electrostatic safety in explosive wastewater production, it is necessary to give enough
Attention.Explosive electrostatic sensitivity is an important indicator for evaluating explosive wastewater security performance, it refers under certain condition, one
Under the action of determining electrostatic exoergic amount, sample is tested to the sensitivity of static discharge.
Explosive wastewater in production, storage and transportation and use process, contact with operator with to separate be the most frequent.And
Human body itself is also an insulator, and high energy electrostatic is also easily accumulated in walking, operation.Therefore study and test explosive pair
The electrostatic sensitivity of static electricity on human body's spark discharge be very it is necessary to.
Consult the general parameters in static electricity on human body's spark discharge circuit known to pertinent literature are as follows: storage capacitor is 500pF or so；
The current-limiting resistance that discharges is 100 Ω or so；Discharge loop inductance is 5uH or so；Capacitor highest tank voltage 50kV or so.50kV is quiet
Piezoelectric voltage is human body in 25 DEG C, 50%RH environment, is not occurred under electrostatic charge leakage, maximum electrostatic potential value.But mesh
The preceding common capacitive energy storage voltage range such as JGY-50 type explosive electric spark sensitivity instrument is 0-30kV, it is clear that the instrument for
Test explosive is unsatisfactory for requiring to the electrostatic sensitivity of static electricity on human body's spark discharge.And can to simulate completely human body quiet at present
The explosive electrostatic test instrument of spark discharge has not been reported.
Summary of the invention
It is insufficient in above-mentioned background technique the purpose of the present invention is overcoming, a kind of frying for simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge is provided
Medicine electrostatic test instrument, electrostatic test instrument of the invention can simulate all parameters in static electricity on human body's spark discharge circuit, meanwhile, it should
Instrument reliability with higher, safety can repeatedly carry out experiment test, and have measurement, record static discharge
The function of energy.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge, including high voltage source unit, capacitor charge and discharge
Unit, discharge electrode test unit, discharge energy measuring unit, control and measuring unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and
Discharge switch trigger unit；The control is electric with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, charging respectively with measuring unit
Piezoelectricity flow metering unit and discharge energy measuring unit electrical connection, capacitor charge and discharge unit respectively with high voltage source unit, electric discharge
Switch triggering unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and discharge electrode test unit electrical connection, discharge switch trigger unit with
High voltage source unit electrical connection, discharge energy measuring unit are electrically connected with discharge electrode test unit；
Wherein, high voltage source unit is used to provide high pressure touching to offer high-voltage charging voltage and to discharge switch trigger unit
Power generation pressure, capacitor charge and discharge unit are then used to provide electrion voltage to discharge electrode test unit to carry out discharge test,
Charging voltage and current measuring unit is then used to measure the charging voltage and current of capacitor charge and discharge unit and feeds back to control and measurement
Unit, discharge energy measuring unit are used to measure the discharge voltage of discharge electrode test unit and current signal and feed back to control
With measuring unit, control then obtains the electric energy of discharge spark with measuring unit by the data progress numerical integration to acquisition, with
Convenient for subsequent data analysis, and controls and be also used to measuring unit to high voltage source unit sending digital output modul signal and to putting
Electric switch trigger unit issues digital output modul signal, and discharge switch trigger unit is then used for opening into capacitor charge and discharge unit
It closes and issues high-voltage pulse signal to promote its closing or opening, discharge switch trigger unit is to trigger putting for capacitor charge and discharge unit
The driving unit of electrical circuit formation closed circuit；Wherein, control and measuring unit to the discharge current and discharge voltage received into
The electric energy that row numerical integration obtains discharge spark is method more mature in the prior art, and details are not described herein again；Meanwhile this hair
Circuit module is specifically divided into high voltage source unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit in bright technical solution, high tension loop pair can be reduced
The electromagnetic interference of low tension loop, while the security protection to high tension loop can be improved.
Further, the capacitor charge and discharge unit includes charging current limiter resistance, storage capacitor, high-pressure vacuum switch, puts
Electric current-limiting resistance, the charging voltage and current measuring unit include the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first signal condition
Circuit, second signal conditioning circuit, first voltage attenuator, the discharge electrode test unit include high potential discharge electrode and
Low potential discharge electrode, wherein first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, storage capacitor, charging current limiter resistance are successively gone here and there
Connection forms series loop, meanwhile, storage capacitor, high-pressure vacuum switch and electric discharge current-limiting resistance are sequentially connected, and charging current limiter electricity
The input terminal of resistance is also electrically connected with high voltage source unit, one end ground connection of storage capacitor, high potential discharge electrode and electric discharge current limliting
The output end of resistance connects, and low potential discharge electrode is connect with the storage capacitor；The both ends of first voltage attenuator and charging
The both ends of current-limiting resistance connect, the node phase among the first signal conditioning circuit and the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance
Even, second signal conditioning circuit is connected with first voltage attenuator, preferably, using resistance value filling for 6M Ω in the application
Electric current-limiting resistance, the capacitance of storage capacitor are 500pF, and electric discharge current-limiting resistance is 100 Ω, specifically, in the technology of the application
In scheme, capacitor charge and discharge unit is specifically divided into discharge loop and charge circuit, and discharge loop shared with charge circuit it is same
A storage capacitor, and the voltage signal at 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance both ends is acquired especially by discharge energy measuring unit to count
Calculate the energy of discharge spark, wherein the voltage signal of the cold end for the current-limiting resistance that discharges is the voltage value of discharge spark, is passed through
The voltage differential signal at high potential and low potential both ends can obtain the current value of discharge spark, this method avoid in discharge loop again
Other electronic devices are introduced, ensure that parameter required by instrument discharge loop；
Specifically, using the number of the high-voltage dc voltage of electric resistance partial pressure method measurement high voltage source unit output in the application
The high-voltage dc voltage of value, high voltage source unit output can generate one after the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance partial pressure
The low voltage signal of decaying proportional to high-voltage dc voltage, the low voltage signal is after the conditioning of the first signal conditioning circuit, quilt
Control knows that under a proportional relationship, control and measuring unit can calculate the numerical value for obtaining high-voltage dc voltage with measuring unit；
Meanwhile being finished in the application by acquiring the voltage differential signal at charging current limiter resistance both ends to judge whether storage capacitor charges,
The voltage differential signal at charging current limiter resistance both ends is after the decaying of first voltage attenuator ratio, using second signal conditioning circuit
Conditioning is finally known that under a proportional relationship, control and measuring unit can calculate and obtain the voltage difference by control with measuring unit
The numerical value of signal, when the voltage differential signal very little almost close to zero when indicate that storage capacitor charging has finished；Control and measurement
Specific calculating process and method in unit are existing method in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Further, the discharge electrode test unit further includes explosion-proof test case, the high potential discharge electrode and low
Current potential discharge electrode is introduced in explosion-proof test case by high-tension cable, and when test, explosive sample is placed in explosion-proof test case
Electrostatic spark test is carried out, accordingly even when explosive sample explodes under electrostatic spark effect, also it can effectively be prevented
Shield, thus the safety of lifting test instrument entirety.
Further, the high-pressure vacuum switch includes three electrodes, respectively trigger electrode, adjacent electrode, relatively electricity
Pole, wherein the trigger electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch is connect with discharge switch trigger unit, the adjacent electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch with
The comparative electrode of storage capacitor connection, high-pressure vacuum switch is connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, specifically, in the application
After storage capacitor charging, it is high that control can control the delivery outlet output being connected with discharge switch trigger unit with measuring unit
Level, under the action of the high level signal, discharge switch trigger unit can export the high-tension pulse of one one kilovolt lasting 50ms
Punching, which is applied to the trigger electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch, can make the adjacent electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch and relatively electric
Fast conducting between pole, so that storage capacitor starts to discharge.
Further, the discharge energy measuring unit includes third signal conditioning circuit, fourth signal conditioning circuit,
One end of two voltage attenuators, tertiary voltage attenuator, second voltage attenuator is connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, the
The other end of two voltage attenuators is grounded, and one end of tertiary voltage attenuator is connect with the output end of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, third
The other end of voltage attenuator is grounded, and third signal conditioning circuit is connected with second voltage attenuator, fourth signal conditioning circuit
It is connected with tertiary voltage attenuator, specifically, being calculated in the application by the voltage signal at acquisition electric discharge current-limiting resistance both ends
The energy of discharge spark, after storage capacitor starts electric discharge, discharge current, which flows through electric discharge current-limiting resistance, to generate voltage at its both ends
Signal, the two voltage signals are then corresponding by the respectively after second voltage attenuator, the decaying of tertiary voltage attenuator ratio
Three signal conditioning circuits, the conditioning of fourth signal conditioning circuit, are finally known by control with measuring unit, under a proportional relationship, control
System and measuring unit can calculate the real time value for obtaining discharge current and discharge voltage, then electric discharge is achieved with after being integrated
The energy of spark, wherein specifically calculating process and method are existing method in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Further, the control includes single-chip microcontroller and four analog-digital converters being connected with single-chip microcontroller with measuring unit,
Four analog-digital converters are respectively the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, third analog-digital converter, the 4th modulus
Converter, the first analog-digital converter are connected with the first signal conditioning circuit, the second analog-digital converter and second signal conditioning circuit
It is connected, third analog-digital converter is connected with third signal conditioning circuit, the 4th analog-digital converter and fourth signal conditioning circuit phase
Even, wherein the low voltage signal after the conditioning of the first signal conditioning circuit is converted to by the first analog-digital converter of single-chip microcontroller
Digital signal is simultaneously known that then under a proportional relationship, single-chip microcontroller can calculate the height for obtaining high voltage source unit output by single-chip microcontroller
Press the numerical value of DC voltage；The voltage differential signal at charging current limiter resistance both ends is after the decaying of first voltage attenuator ratio, then passes through
The conditioning of second signal conditioning circuit is crossed, digital signal is finally converted to by the second analog-digital converter of single-chip microcontroller and by single-chip microcontroller
Know, under a proportional relationship, single-chip microcontroller can calculate the numerical value for obtaining the voltage differential signal, when the voltage differential signal very little (one
As need to meet electric current less than 0.01mA, then when charging current limiter resistance is 6M Ω, which need to be less than 60V) or almost
Indicate that storage capacitor charging has finished when close to zero；After storage capacitor starts electric discharge, discharge current flows through electric discharge current-limiting resistance
Voltage signal can be generated at its both ends, the two voltage signals are respectively corresponded through second voltage attenuator, tertiary voltage attenuator
After ratio decaying, then it is corresponding by third signal conditioning circuit, the conditioning of fourth signal conditioning circuit, then correspond to again by single-chip microcontroller
Third analog-digital converter, the 4th analog-digital converter be converted to digital signal and known by single-chip microcontroller, it is under a proportional relationship, single
Piece machine can calculate the real time value for obtaining discharge current and discharge voltage, then the energy of discharge spark is achieved with after being integrated
Amount, specific calculating process and method are existing method in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Further, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge further includes remote operation unit,
The remote operation unit and control are communicated to connect with measuring unit, wherein remote operation unit can be for example distant by remote trigger
It controls device etc. to realize, remote operation unit is communicated with control with measuring unit, carries out long-range discharge voltage setting and long-range touching
Electricity etc. is provided, to realize long-range isolated operation, the safety of entire explosive electrostatic test instrument is promoted, in order to further ensure behaviour
Make the safety of personnel, preferably, two key switches have also been devised in the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the application, one for controlling
Whether high-pressure section processed works, another is for controlling whether triggering is allowed to, and design can prevent operator from making in this way
Industry, other staff surprisingly trigger electric discharge, cause operator's accidental shock, to further promote whole safety.
Further, the remote operation unit includes setting and trigger module and the first photoelectric conversion module, the control
System with measuring unit further include the second photoelectric conversion module, first photoelectric conversion module respectively with setting with trigger module and
The electrical connection of second photoelectric conversion module, the second photoelectric conversion module and monolithic mechatronics.
Further, the high voltage source unit includes sequentially connected stepper motor driver, stepper motor, decompression tune
Pressure transformer, step-up transformer and rectification multiple pressuring circuit, wherein decompression adjustable transformer is connect with mains-supplied end, stepping electricity
The input terminal of machine driver is connect with Central Control Module, and the output end of rectification multiple pressuring circuit is connect with charge circuit module, institute
Stating discharge switch trigger unit includes high pressure vacuum pipe trigger, and the high pressure vacuum pipe trigger is connected with step-up transformer,
The application mesohigh power supply unit uses 220V/50HZ AC power supply, passes through decompression adjustable transformer, step-up transformer and whole
Voltage-multiplying circuit is flowed, 220V/50HZ alternating current is transformed into the high-voltage dc voltage of needs, i.e. the DC high-voltage power supply portion of the application
Divide and direct current height is relatively directlyed adopt using decompression adjustable transformer, step-up transformer and rectification multiple pressuring circuit composition, the design scheme
The scheme of piezoelectricity source module is compared, although the larger reliability of DC high-voltage power supply partial volume of the application is higher, and energy
Enough guarantee the effective distance between component, prevents high pressure self-excited discharge, present design can also be such that high voltage direct current is pressed in
The method for actively adjusting in a certain range, and additionally using Proportional Feedback adjusting in the application makes the numerical value of high-voltage dc voltage certainly
It is dynamic to meet setting demand, i.e., it is then single with measurement by control first by controlling the numerical value with measuring unit detection high-voltage dc voltage
Member automatically adjusts the decompression ratio of decompression adjustable transformer according to preset value, and specially control obtains high voltage direct current with measuring unit
The numerical value of voltage, with the numeric ratios of needs relatively after, pass through stepper motor driver stepper motor rotation driven to change decompression and adjust
The ratio of pressure transformer makes the numerical value of final high-voltage dc voltage meet setting demand, this compares and adjustment process is existing
Existing method in technology, therefore details are not described herein again.
Further, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge is divided into the three of mutually isolated design
Part, respectively high-pressure section, low-pressure section, control and collecting part, wherein high-pressure section include capacitor charge and discharge unit,
Discharge electrode test unit, the first divider resistance of charging voltage measuring unit, the second divider resistance, first voltage attenuator,
Second voltage attenuator, the tertiary voltage attenuator of discharge energy measuring unit, the low-pressure section include high voltage source unit,
Discharge switch trigger unit, the control include the first of control and measuring unit, charging voltage measuring unit with collecting part
Signal conditioning circuit, second signal conditioning circuit, the third signal conditioning circuit of discharge energy measuring unit, fourth signal conditioning
Circuit in the application, each section isolation is laid out, the interference between each section can be reduced, meanwhile, use voltage attenuation
Device can be effectively isolated electrion circuit and acquisition circuit, reduce interference of the high pressure to low pressure acquisition circuit, preferably,
The high-pressure section can be sealed using insulation rubber, the control is packaged in Al alloy shell body with collecting part, to reduce height
Laminate section and low-pressure section to the electromagnetic interference of control and collecting part, meanwhile, preferably, the simulation static electricity on human body of the application
The explosive electrostatic test instrument of spark discharge is that ground connection uses when in use, can not only improve the stability of system, can also be
Instrument shell protects operator in the case where surprisingly charging, and prevents its accidental shock.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is below the utility model has the advantages that
The explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the invention compares existing explosive electrostatic spark sense
Spending instrument has following significant progress:
First, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the application can simulate static electricity on human body's spark
All parameters of discharge loop, if instrument storage capacitor is 500pF, electric discharge current-limiting resistance is 100 Ω, and discharge loop inductance is about
5uH, instrument discharge voltage range are 25kV~60kV, control interval 5kV, can simulate static electricity on human body's spark discharge completely,
To meet test explosive to the requirement of the electrostatic sensitivity of static electricity on human body's spark discharge；
Second, the application simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge explosive electrostatic test instrument in, high voltage power supply part is adopted
It can guarantee component with decompression adjustable transformer, step-up transformer and the straight circuit composition of voltage multiplication of voltage alternation, the design scheme
Between effective distance, prevent high pressure self-excited discharge, and the program can also be such that discharge voltage actively adjusts in a certain range
Section；
Third, the application simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge explosive electrostatic test instrument in, high voltage power supply part use
The method that Proportional Feedback is adjusted makes the numerical value of high-voltage dc voltage be automated to correspond with setting demand, guarantee test precision；
4th, the discharge switch of the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the application has used high pressure
Vacuum switch, the device can effectively ensure that discharge loop reliably discharges, and instrument uses high pressure vacuum pipe trigger, energy
Enough reliable easily triggering high-pressure vacuum switch work；
5th, the application simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge explosive electrostatic test instrument in, directly acquisition 100 Ω discharge
The voltage signal at current-limiting resistance both ends calculates the energy of discharge spark, and this method avoid be re-introduced into other in discharge loop
Electronic device, that is, ensure that parameter required by instrument discharge loop, and the true energy of discharge spark can be measured；
6th, the application simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge explosive electrostatic test instrument in, high tension apparatus can be carried out
Insulation rubber envelope carries out Al-alloy casing sealing to control and sampler and circuit board, can effectively prevent high pressure self-excitation in this way
Electric discharge, and reduce the electromagnetic interference of high pressure, increase the reliability of instrument；
7th, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the application can add peace simultaneously according to demand
Full key switch and remote trigger to realize that telesecurity operates instrument, and require explosive sample when test to be placed in
It is carried out in explosion-proof tank, and by instrument reliable ground, the safety in utilization of instrument has been significantly greatly increased in this；
8th, it can reliably, safely by the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the application
Explosive is studied to the electrostatic sensitivity of static electricity on human body's spark discharge, and can repeatedly carry out experiment test, and there is measurement, note
Record the function of electrostatic discharge energies.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the signal of the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of one embodiment of the present of invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment:
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge, which is characterized in that including height
Piezoelectricity source unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit, discharge electrode test unit, discharge energy measuring unit, control and measuring unit are filled
Piezoelectric voltage current measuring unit and discharge switch trigger unit；It is described control with measuring unit respectively with high voltage source unit, put
Electric switch trigger unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and the electrical connection of discharge energy measuring unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit point
It is not electrically connected with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, charging voltage and current measuring unit and discharge electrode test unit
It connects, discharge switch trigger unit is electrically connected with high voltage source unit, discharge energy measuring unit and discharge electrode test unit electricity
Connection.
Wherein, high voltage source unit is used to provide high pressure touching to offer high-voltage charging voltage and to discharge switch trigger unit
Power generation pressure, capacitor charge and discharge unit are then used to provide electrion voltage to discharge electrode test unit to carry out discharge test,
Charging voltage and current measuring unit is then used to measure the charging voltage and current of capacitor charge and discharge unit and feeds back to control and measurement
Unit, discharge energy measuring unit are used to measure the discharge voltage of discharge electrode test unit and current signal and feed back to control
With measuring unit, control then obtains the electric energy of discharge spark with measuring unit by the data progress numerical integration to acquisition, with
Convenient for subsequent data analysis, and controls and be also used to measuring unit to high voltage source unit sending digital output modul signal and to putting
Electric switch trigger unit issues digital output modul signal, and discharge switch trigger unit is then used for opening into capacitor charge and discharge unit
It closes and issues high-voltage pulse signal to promote its closing or opening, discharge switch trigger unit is to trigger putting for capacitor charge and discharge unit
The driving unit of electrical circuit formation closed circuit；Wherein, control and measuring unit to the discharge current and discharge voltage received into
The electric energy that row numerical integration obtains discharge spark is method more mature in the prior art, and details are not described herein again；Meanwhile this hair
Circuit module is specifically divided into high voltage source unit, capacitor charge and discharge unit in bright technical solution, high tension loop pair can be reduced
The electromagnetic interference of low tension loop, while the security protection to high tension loop can be improved.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, capacitor charge and discharge unit includes that charging current limiter resistance, storage capacitor, high pressure vacuum are opened
It closes, electric discharge current-limiting resistance, the charging voltage and current measuring unit includes the first divider resistance (i.e. divider resistance 1), second point
Piezoresistance (i.e. divider resistance 2), the first signal conditioning circuit (i.e. signal conditioning circuit 1), second signal conditioning circuit (i.e. signal
Conditioning circuit 2), first voltage attenuator (i.e. voltage attenuator 1), discharge electrode test unit include high potential discharge electrode and
Low potential discharge electrode, wherein first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, storage capacitor, charging current limiter resistance are successively gone here and there
Connection forms series loop, meanwhile, storage capacitor, high-pressure vacuum switch and electric discharge current-limiting resistance are sequentially connected, and charging current limiter electricity
The input terminal of resistance is also electrically connected with high voltage source unit, one end ground connection of storage capacitor, high potential discharge electrode and electric discharge current limliting
The output end of resistance connects, and low potential discharge electrode is connect with the storage capacitor；The both ends of first voltage attenuator and charging
The both ends of current-limiting resistance connect, the node phase among the first signal conditioning circuit and the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance
Even, second signal conditioning circuit is connected with first voltage attenuator.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, charging current limiter resistance is 6M Ω, and the capacitance of storage capacitor is 500pF, electric discharge limit
Leakage resistance resistance value is 100 Ω, specifically, the charging time for the storage capacitor that charging current limiter resistance can also be as needed carries out
Specific choice.The voltage signal at 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance both ends is acquired by discharge energy measuring unit to calculate electric discharge fire
Colored energy, wherein the voltage signal of cold end is the voltage value of discharge spark, passes through the electricity of high potential and low potential both ends
Pressure difference signal can obtain the current value of discharge spark, This solution avoids other electronic devices are re-introduced into discharge loop, protect
Parameter required by instrument discharge loop is demonstrate,proved.
Specifically, the high-pressure vacuum switch includes three electrodes, respectively trigger electrode, adjacent electrode, comparative electrode,
Wherein, the trigger electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch is connect with discharge switch trigger unit, the adjacent electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch and storage
The comparative electrode of energy capacitance connection, high-pressure vacuum switch is connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, and is used in the present embodiment
High-pressure vacuum switch model are as follows: SGP35.
The discharge energy measuring unit includes third signal conditioning circuit (i.e. signal conditioning circuit 3), fourth signal tune
Reason circuit (i.e. signal conditioning circuit 4), second voltage attenuator (i.e. voltage attenuator 2), (i.e. voltage declines tertiary voltage attenuator
Subtract device 3), one end of second voltage attenuator is connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, the other end of second voltage attenuator
One end of ground connection, tertiary voltage attenuator is connect with the output end of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, another termination of tertiary voltage attenuator
Ground, third signal conditioning circuit are connected with second voltage attenuator, and fourth signal conditioning circuit is connected with tertiary voltage attenuator.
The control includes single-chip microcontroller and four analog-digital converters being connected with single-chip microcontroller, four moulds with measuring unit
Number converter is respectively the first analog-digital converter (AD1), the second analog-digital converter (AD2), third analog-digital converter (AD3),
Four analog-digital converters (AD4), the first analog-digital converter are connected with the first signal conditioning circuit, the second analog-digital converter and the second letter
Number conditioning circuit is connected, and third analog-digital converter is connected with third signal conditioning circuit, the 4th analog-digital converter and fourth signal
Conditioning circuit is connected, wherein the chip model of single-chip microcontroller in the present embodiment are as follows: STM32F103.
The high voltage source unit include sequentially connected stepper motor driver, stepper motor, decompression adjustable transformer,
Step-up transformer and rectification multiple pressuring circuit (i.e. the straight circuit of voltage multiplication of voltage alternation), wherein decompression adjustable transformer and mains-supplied
The input terminal of end connection, stepper motor driver is connect with control with measuring unit, the output end of rectification multiple pressuring circuit and charging
Return circuit module connection.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, DC high-voltage power supply part is using decompression adjustable transformer, step-up transformer
It is formed with rectification multiple pressuring circuit, which compares compared with the scheme for directlying adopt DC high-voltage source module, although the application
DC high-voltage power supply partial volume it is larger but reliability is higher, and can guarantee the effective distance between component, prevent
High pressure self-excited discharge.
The working principle of the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the present embodiment are as follows:
The explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge of the present embodiment is supplied using 220V/50HZ alternating current
Electricity first passes through decompression adjustable transformer, step-up transformer and rectification multiple pressuring circuit (i.e. the straight circuit of voltage multiplication of voltage alternation), will
220V/50HZ alternating current is transformed into the high-voltage dc voltage of needs, meanwhile, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment uses resistance
Partial pressure method measures the numerical value of high-voltage dc voltage, and high-voltage dc voltage can generate one after divider resistance 1 and divider resistance 2 divide
The low voltage signal of a decaying proportional to high-voltage dc voltage, the low voltage signal is after the conditioning of signal conditioning circuit 1, coverlet
First analog-digital converter of piece machine is converted to digital signal and is known by single-chip microcontroller, and under a proportional relationship, single-chip microcontroller can be counted
The numerical value for obtaining high-voltage dc voltage is calculated, which is the technical knowledge in the field, and details are not described herein again.
Meanwhile the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment makes the number of high-voltage dc voltage using the method that Proportional Feedback is adjusted
Value meets setting demand, specifically, single-chip microcontroller by obtain high-voltage dc voltage numerical value and needs numeric ratio compared with and then it is logical
The ratio that stepper motor driver driving stepper motor rotation changes decompression adjustable transformer is overregulated, final high voltage direct current is made
The numerical value of voltage meets setting demand, this compares and adjustment process is existing method in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
Then, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment acquires the voltage differential signal at 6M Ω charging current limiter resistance both ends to sentence
Whether disconnected storage capacitor, which charges, finishes, and the voltage differential signal at 6M Ω charging current limiter resistance both ends is decayed through 1 ratio of voltage attenuator
Afterwards, it is improved using signal conditioning circuit 2, digital signal and coverlet is finally converted to by the second analog-digital converter of single-chip microcontroller
Piece machine knows, under a proportional relationship, single-chip microcontroller, which can calculate, to be obtained the numerical value of the voltage differential signal (calculating process is this field
Common technical knowledge, details are not described herein again), when the voltage differential signal very little almost close to zero when (for less than 60V in such as the present embodiment
When) indicate that storage capacitor charging has finished.
Then, after storage capacitor charging, single-chip microcontroller can control the delivery outlet being connected with high pressure vacuum pipe trigger
High level is exported, under the action of the high level signal, high pressure vacuum pipe trigger can export one one kilovolt lasting 50ms
High-voltage pulse, the high-voltage pulse are applied to the trigger electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch, can make high-pressure vacuum switch adjacent electrode and
Fast conducting between comparative electrode, storage capacitor starts to discharge at this time.
Then, the explosive electrostatic test instrument acquisition of the present embodiment carrys out the voltage signal at 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance both ends
Calculate discharge spark energy, after storage capacitor starts electric discharge, discharge current flow through 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance when can its two
End generates voltage signal, the two voltage signals are then right respectively after voltage attenuator 2 and voltage attenuator 3 and ratio decaying
It should be improved by signal conditioning circuit 3 and signal conditioning circuit 4, finally by the third analog-digital converter of single-chip microcontroller and the 4th modulus
Converter is converted to digital signal and is known by single-chip microcontroller, and under a proportional relationship, single-chip microcontroller can calculate acquisition discharge current
With the real time value of discharge voltage, be achieved with after integral discharge spark energy (calculating process is the technical knowledge in the field,
Details are not described herein again).
Wherein, the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment acquires the voltage signal at 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance both ends to count
When calculating the energy of discharge spark, the voltage signal of the cold end of 100 Ω electric discharge current-limiting resistance is the voltage value of discharge spark, high
Current potential and the voltage differential signal at low potential both ends are the current values of discharge spark.The method that the application uses, which avoids, is discharging back
It is re-introduced into other electronic devices in road, ensure that parameter required by instrument discharge loop.In Acquisition Circuit, electricity has been used
Attenuator is pressed, electrion circuit and acquisition circuit can be effectively isolated, reduces interference of the high pressure to low pressure acquisition circuit.
In order to further enhance the reliability and safety of explosive electrostatic test instrument, by entire explosive electrostatic in the present embodiment
Tester is divided into the three parts of mutually isolated design, respectively high-pressure section, low-pressure section, control and collecting part, wherein high
Laminate section includes capacitor charge and discharge unit, discharge electrode test unit, the first divider resistance of charging voltage measuring unit, second
Divider resistance, first voltage attenuator, second voltage attenuator, the tertiary voltage attenuator of discharge energy measuring unit are described
Low-pressure section includes high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, and the control includes that control and measurement are single with collecting part
Member, the first signal conditioning circuit of charging voltage measuring unit, second signal conditioning circuit, the third of discharge energy measuring unit
Signal conditioning circuit, fourth signal conditioning circuit in the application, each section isolation are laid out, can be reduced between each section
Interference, meanwhile, used voltage attenuator, can be effectively isolated electrion circuit and acquisition circuit, reduced high pressure to low
Press the interference of acquisition circuit.
Meanwhile preferably, in the present embodiment also by high-pressure section carry out insulation rubber envelope, to prevent high pressure self-excited discharge,
And be packed into control in Al alloy shell body with collecting part, to reduce high-pressure section and low-pressure section to its electromagnetic interference.
Since the subjects of the explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge are explosives, belong to hazardous chemical
Product, and the explosive electrostatic test instrument belongs to autoclave appts, so explosive electrostatic test instrument must take perfect safety measure,
The safety for guaranteeing operator in the present embodiment, also further takes following safety measure:
1. the discharge electrode test unit of the present embodiment further includes explosion-proof test case, and is preferably made of transparent material,
The high potential discharge electrode and low potential discharge electrode of discharge electrode test unit are introduced in explosion-proof tank by high-tension cable, test
When, explosive sample is placed in progress electrostatic spark test in explosion-proof tank, accordingly even when explosive sample is under electrostatic spark effect
It explodes, can also carry out effective protection to it.
2. the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment is when in use, it is necessary to by instrument reliable ground, can not only mention in this way
The stability of high system can also protect operator in the case where Instrument shell surprisingly charges, prevent its accidental shock.
3. the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment can also add two key switches, control high-pressure section whether work
Make, whether another control triggering is allowed to, it can be achieved that preventing operator just in operation, and other staff surprisingly trigger electric discharge,
Cause operator's accidental shock.
4. the explosive electrostatic test instrument of the present embodiment is additionally provided with remote operation unit, remote operation unit and control and surveys
Unit communication connection is measured, specifically, remote operation unit includes setting and trigger module and the first photoelectric conversion in the present embodiment
Module, it is described control with measuring unit further include the second photoelectric conversion module, first photoelectric conversion module respectively with setting
It is electrically connected with trigger module and the second photoelectric conversion module, the second photoelectric conversion module and monolithic mechatronics, remote operation is single
The trigger module of member can be realized that remote operation unit is led to control with measuring unit by remote trigger such as remote controler etc.
Letter carries out long-range discharge voltage setting and Remote triggering electric discharge etc., to realize long-range isolated operation, promotes entire explosive electrostatic
The safety of tester.
It is understood that the principle that embodiment of above is intended to be merely illustrative of the present and the exemplary implementation that uses
Mode, however the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, essence of the invention is not being departed from
In the case where mind and essence, various changes and modifications can be made therein, these variations and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge, which is characterized in that including high voltage source unit, electricity
Hold charge/discharge unit, discharge electrode test unit, discharge energy measuring unit, control and measuring unit, charging voltage and current is surveyed
Measure unit and discharge switch trigger unit；
The control is single with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit, charging voltage and current measurement respectively with measuring unit
Member and discharge energy measuring unit electrical connection, capacitor charge and discharge unit respectively with high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit,
Charging voltage and current measuring unit and the electrical connection of discharge electrode test unit, discharge switch trigger unit and high voltage source unit electricity
Connection, discharge energy measuring unit are electrically connected with discharge electrode test unit.
2. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The capacitor charge and discharge unit includes charging current limiter resistance, storage capacitor, high-pressure vacuum switch, discharge current-limiting resistance, described to fill
Piezoelectric voltage current measuring unit includes the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first signal conditioning circuit, second signal conditioning
Circuit, first voltage attenuator, the discharge electrode test unit include high potential discharge electrode and low potential discharge electrode,
In, first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, storage capacitor, charging current limiter resistance are sequentially connected in series to form series loop, together
When, storage capacitor, high-pressure vacuum switch and electric discharge current-limiting resistance be sequentially connected, and the input terminal of charging current limiter resistance also with high pressure
Power supply unit electrical connection, one end ground connection of storage capacitor, high potential discharge electrode is connect with the output end of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, low
Current potential discharge electrode is connect with the storage capacitor；The both ends of first voltage attenuator are connect with the both ends of charging current limiter resistance,
Node among first signal conditioning circuit and the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance is connected, second signal conditioning circuit with
First voltage attenuator is connected.
3. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The discharge electrode test unit further includes explosion-proof test case, and the high potential discharge electrode and low spot position discharge electrode pass through height
Voltage cable introduces in explosion-proof test case.
4. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The high-pressure vacuum switch includes three electrodes, respectively trigger electrode, adjacent electrode, comparative electrode, wherein high pressure vacuum is opened
The trigger electrode of pass is connect with discharge switch trigger unit, and the adjacent electrode of high-pressure vacuum switch is connect with storage capacitor, high pressure
The comparative electrode of vacuum switch is connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance.
5. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The discharge energy measuring unit includes third signal conditioning circuit, fourth signal conditioning circuit, second voltage attenuator, third
Voltage attenuator, one end of second voltage attenuator are connect with the input terminal of electric discharge current-limiting resistance, second voltage attenuator it is another
One end ground connection, one end of tertiary voltage attenuator are connect with the output end for the current-limiting resistance that discharges, tertiary voltage attenuator it is another
End ground connection, third signal conditioning circuit are connected with second voltage attenuator, fourth signal conditioning circuit and tertiary voltage attenuator
It is connected.
6. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The control includes single-chip microcontroller and four analog-digital converters being connected with single-chip microcontroller, four analog-digital converters with measuring unit
Respectively the first analog-digital converter, the second analog-digital converter, third analog-digital converter, the 4th analog-digital converter, the first modulus turn
Parallel operation is connected with the first signal conditioning circuit, and the second analog-digital converter is connected with second signal conditioning circuit, third analog-to-digital conversion
Device is connected with third signal conditioning circuit, and the 4th analog-digital converter is connected with fourth signal conditioning circuit.
7. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
It is described simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge explosive electrostatic test instrument further include remote operation unit, the remote operation unit with
Control is communicated to connect with measuring unit.
8. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The remote operation unit includes setting and trigger module and the first photoelectric conversion module, and the control further includes with measuring unit
Second photoelectric conversion module, first photoelectric conversion module are electric with setting and trigger module and the second photoelectric conversion module respectively
Connection, the second photoelectric conversion module and monolithic mechatronics.
9. a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument for simulating static electricity on human body's spark discharge according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body's spark discharge is divided into the three parts of mutually isolated design, respectively high-voltage section
Point, low-pressure section, control and collecting part, wherein high-pressure section include capacitor charge and discharge unit, discharge electrode test unit,
The first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first voltage attenuator of charging voltage measuring unit, discharge energy measuring unit
Second voltage attenuator, tertiary voltage attenuator, the low-pressure section include high voltage source unit, discharge switch trigger unit,
The control includes control and measuring unit, the first signal conditioning circuit of charging voltage measuring unit, second with collecting part
Signal conditioning circuit, third signal conditioning circuit, the fourth signal conditioning circuit of discharge energy measuring unit.
10. according to claim 1 to a kind of explosive electrostatic test instrument of simulation static electricity on human body spark discharge any in 9,
It is characterized in that, the high voltage source unit includes sequentially connected stepper motor driver, stepper motor, decompression pressure regulation transformation
Device, step-up transformer and rectification multiple pressuring circuit, wherein decompression adjustable transformer is connect with mains-supplied end, stepper motor driving
The input terminal of device is connect with Central Control Module, and the output end of rectification multiple pressuring circuit is connect with charge circuit module, the electric discharge
Switch triggering unit includes high pressure vacuum pipe trigger, and the high pressure vacuum pipe trigger is connected with step-up transformer.
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