CN110017329B - Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure - Google Patents
Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110017329B CN110017329B CN201910322240.6A CN201910322240A CN110017329B CN 110017329 B CN110017329 B CN 110017329B CN 201910322240 A CN201910322240 A CN 201910322240A CN 110017329 B CN110017329 B CN 110017329B
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- radial
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- shaped structure
- bias
- radial suspension
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 45
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0444—Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure, wherein a stator of the electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing consists of four E-shaped structures and four magnetic isolation plates, the E-shaped structures and the magnetic isolation plates are alternately arranged, and a rotor is of a cylindrical structure; the number of teeth of each E-shaped structure is 3, the E-shaped structure comprises 1 wide tooth and 2 narrow teeth, and the wide teeth are positioned in the middle of the 2 narrow teeth; the included angle between the wide tooth of each E-shaped structure and the 2 narrow teeth of each E-shaped structure is equal; each magnetism isolating plate is closely arranged with two adjacent narrow teeth and forms a combined tooth; each combined tooth is wound with 1 offset coil, and each wide tooth is wound with 1 radial suspension coil; the bias winding is used for generating bias magnetic flux, and the radial levitation winding is used for controlling the magnitude and direction of levitation force. The two radial suspension forces are decoupled structurally naturally, so that the control is simple, and the suspension precision is high; the bias magnetic flux is convenient to adjust, the radial bearing capacity is large, and the inherent rigidity is large; in addition, the permanent magnet is not needed, so that the manufacturing and assembly are simple, the cost is low, and the adaptability to the working environment is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure, and belongs to the field of magnetic suspension bearings.
Background
The magnetic suspension bearing has the excellent characteristics of no friction, no abrasion, no need of sealing lubrication, high speed, high precision, long service life, low maintenance cost and the like, and can effectively solve the bearing supporting problem of a high-speed motor. Magnetic bearings can be generally classified into two types, passive and active, depending on whether levitation force is actively controllable. The active magnetic bearing can realize the suspension of the rotating shaft by controlling the electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor, and is widely applied to the field of high-speed motors. The active magnetic bearings can be classified into electromagnetic type and hybrid type according to the way in which the bias magnetic field is established. The bias and control magnetic flux of the electromagnetic magnetic bearing are generated by electromagnets, and the bias and control magnetic flux can be generated by the same coil or two independent coils, so that the electromagnetic magnetic bearing has the characteristics of large bearing capacity, adjustable rigidity, flexible control and the like, and has strong adaptability in severe environments such as high temperature and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art. The stator of the magnetic bearing consists of four E-shaped structures and four magnetic isolation plates, and magnetic circuits among the E-shaped structures are isolated from each other, so that two radial levitation forces are decoupled structurally naturally; the magnetic bearing comprises two winding types, wherein one winding is a bias winding and is used for generating bias magnetic flux; the other is a radial suspension winding used for controlling the magnitude and direction of suspension force; the magnetic bearing has the advantages of simple control, high suspension precision, suitability for high-speed operation and the like, and has low cost because of no permanent magnet.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure comprises a stator, a rotor, a bias coil and a radial suspension coil;
The stator consists of 4E-shaped structures and 4 magnetic isolation plates, and the 4E-shaped structures and the 4 magnetic isolation plates are alternately arranged; the 4E-shaped structures are uniformly distributed and spatially differ by 90 degrees, wherein 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the vertical direction; the number of teeth of each E-shaped structure is 3, the E-shaped structure comprises 1 wide tooth and 2 narrow teeth, and the wide teeth are positioned in the middle of the 2 narrow teeth; the included angles between the wide teeth of the E-shaped structure and the 2 narrow teeth of the E-shaped structure are equal; each magnetism isolating plate is closely arranged with two adjacent narrow teeth and forms a combined tooth, and the number of the combined teeth is 4;
the rotor is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged in the stator;
Each combined tooth is wound with 1 offset coil, and the total number of the offset coils is 4; the 4 bias coils are connected in series to form 1 bias winding;
Each wide tooth is wound with 1 radial suspension coil, and the number of the radial suspension coils is 4, wherein two radial suspension coils are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining two radial suspension coils are positioned in the vertical direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the horizontal direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the horizontal direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the vertical direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the vertical direction.
The bias winding adopts a constant conduction excitation mode, and generates a constant bias magnetic flux by applying direct current excitation. The two radial levitation windings are driven by bipolar converters respectively, and the current sizes and directions of the two radial levitation windings are reasonably controlled so as to generate radial levitation forces with any sizes and directions, thereby realizing stable levitation of the rotor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure, which can achieve the following technical effects:
(1) No permanent magnet is needed, the manufacturing and the assembly are simple, the cost is low, and the adaptability to the working environment is strong;
(2) The bias winding provides bias magnetic flux, the bias magnetic flux is convenient to adjust, the radial bearing capacity is large, the inherent rigidity is high, and the bias winding is suitable for high-power application occasions;
(3) The two radial levitation forces are decoupled structurally naturally, the control is simple, the levitation precision is high, and the method has unique advantages in the field of high-speed motors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing of E-type structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a magnetic flux distribution diagram of an electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing of an E-type structure according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: in fig. 1 to 2, 1 is an E-shaped structure, 2 is a magnetism insulator, 3 is a rotor, 4 is a bias coil, 5 is a radial levitation coil, 6, 7, 8 are positive directions of coordinate axes in x, y, z axes, 9 is a bias magnetic flux, 10 is a levitation control magnetic flux generated by radial levitation control in a horizontal direction, and 11 is a levitation control magnetic flux generated by radial levitation control in a vertical direction.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with the E-shaped structure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with the E-shaped structure is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram, wherein 1 is an E-shaped structure, 2 is a magnetic isolation plate, 3 is a rotor, 4 is a bias coil, 5 is a radial suspension coil, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively positive directions of coordinate axes in x, y and z axes, wherein the x axis coincides with the horizontal direction, and the y axis coincides with the vertical direction.
An electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure comprises a stator, a rotor, a bias coil and a radial suspension coil;
The stator consists of 4E-shaped structures and 4 magnetic isolation plates, and the 4E-shaped structures and the 4 magnetic isolation plates are alternately arranged; the 4E-shaped structures are uniformly distributed and spatially differ by 90 degrees, wherein 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the vertical direction; the number of teeth of each E-shaped structure is 3, the E-shaped structure comprises 1 wide tooth and 2 narrow teeth, and the wide teeth are positioned in the middle of the 2 narrow teeth; the included angles between the wide teeth of the E-shaped structure and the 2 narrow teeth of the E-shaped structure are equal; each magnetism isolating plate is closely arranged with two adjacent narrow teeth and forms a combined tooth, and the number of the combined teeth is 4;
the rotor is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged in the stator;
Each combined tooth is wound with 1 offset coil, and the total number of the offset coils is 4; the 4 bias coils are connected in series to form 1 bias winding;
Each wide tooth is wound with 1 radial suspension coil, and the number of the radial suspension coils is 4, wherein two radial suspension coils are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining two radial suspension coils are positioned in the vertical direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the horizontal direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the horizontal direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the vertical direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the vertical direction.
The bias winding adopts a constant conduction excitation mode, and generates a constant bias magnetic flux by applying direct current excitation. The two radial levitation windings are driven by bipolar converters respectively, and the current sizes and directions of the two radial levitation windings are reasonably controlled so as to generate radial levitation forces with any sizes and directions, thereby realizing stable levitation of the rotor.
As shown in fig. 2, the magnetic flux distribution diagram of the electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with the E-shaped structure according to the present invention is shown. Wherein, line reference numeral 9 is a bias magnetic flux, line reference numeral 10 is a levitation control magnetic flux generated by horizontal direction radial levitation control, and line reference numeral 11 is a levitation control magnetic flux generated by vertical direction radial levitation control.
The bias magnetic flux is distributed in NNNN or SSSS, that is, the four bias coils generate magnetic fields with the same polarity, so that the wide teeth are required to be matched to form a closed loop. The bias magnetic flux generated by the bias coil on each combined tooth has two magnetic circuits isolated from each other, and the path of each magnetic circuit comprises: narrow teeth, stator yoke, wide teeth, air gap, rotor, air gap and narrow teeth.
The horizontal (x-axis) radial levitation windings generate two levitation control magnetic fluxes which are isolated from each other and have opposite polarities in the positive x-axis direction and the negative x-axis direction respectively, wherein the two levitation control magnetic fluxes form a closed loop through the wide teeth, the two stator yokes, the two narrow teeth and the two air gaps.
When the horizontal radial levitation winding applies the current shown in fig. 2, in the positive x-axis direction, the levitation control flux is in the same direction as the bias flux, and the flux in the air gap is enhanced; in the negative x-axis direction, the levitation control magnetic flux is opposite to the bias magnetic flux so that the magnetic flux in the x-axis direction is larger than the magnetic flux in the negative x-axis direction, and a radial levitation force in the positive x-axis direction is generated. When a current in the opposite direction is applied to the horizontal direction radial levitation winding, a radial levitation force in the negative x-axis direction is generated. Therefore, the magnitude and the direction of the current of the horizontal radial levitation winding can be controlled, and the magnitude and the direction of the levitation force in the x-axis direction can be adjusted.
Similarly, the magnitude and direction of the current of the radial levitation winding in the vertical direction (y axis) can be controlled, and the magnitude and direction of the levitation force in the y axis direction can be adjusted. Therefore, the radial levitation force with controllable size and direction can be generated by reasonably controlling the sizes and directions of the currents of the two radial levitation windings, thereby realizing the radial levitation of the rotor.
According to the radial bearing capacity requirement, the magnitude of the bias magnetic flux is dynamically regulated, and then the current of the levitation winding is reasonably controlled, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency can be effectively improved, and the levitation power consumption and the levitation precision can be reduced.
In summary, the electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with mutually isolated magnetic circuits is constructed, two radial levitation forces are naturally decoupled in structure, and the levitation control is simple and the levitation precision is high; the permanent magnet is not contained, so that the manufacturing and assembly are simple, the cost is low, and the environmental adaptability is strong; the bias magnetic flux is convenient to adjust, is beneficial to improving the radial bearing capacity, has high inherent rigidity, and is particularly suitable for high-speed and high-power application occasions.
Other advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of the embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific examples, but only one form of the present invention will be described in detail and exemplarily by way of example. It is intended that all technical solutions obtained by various equivalents according to the above-described specific examples by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention be included in the scope of the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. An electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with an E-shaped structure comprises a stator, a rotor, a bias coil and a radial suspension coil; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
The stator consists of 4E-shaped structures and 4 magnetic isolation plates, and the 4E-shaped structures and the 4 magnetic isolation plates are alternately arranged; the 4E-shaped structures are uniformly distributed and spatially differ by 90 degrees, wherein 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining 2E-shaped structures are positioned in the vertical direction; the number of teeth of each E-shaped structure is 3, the E-shaped structure comprises 1 wide tooth and 2 narrow teeth, and the wide teeth are positioned in the middle of the 2 narrow teeth; the included angles between the wide teeth of the E-shaped structure and the 2 narrow teeth of the E-shaped structure are equal; each magnetism isolating plate is closely arranged with two adjacent narrow teeth and forms a combined tooth, and the number of the combined teeth is 4;
the rotor is of a cylindrical structure and is arranged in the stator;
Each combined tooth is wound with 1 offset coil, and the total number of the offset coils is 4; the 4 bias coils are connected in series to form 1 bias winding;
Each wide tooth is wound with 1 radial suspension coil, and the number of the radial suspension coils is 4, wherein two radial suspension coils are positioned in the horizontal direction, and the remaining two radial suspension coils are positioned in the vertical direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the horizontal direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the horizontal direction; two radial suspension coils positioned in the vertical direction are reversely connected in series to form 1 radial suspension winding in the vertical direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910322240.6A CN110017329B (en) | 2019-04-22 | 2019-04-22 | Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910322240.6A CN110017329B (en) | 2019-04-22 | 2019-04-22 | Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110017329A CN110017329A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
| CN110017329B true CN110017329B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN201910322240.6A Active CN110017329B (en) | 2019-04-22 | 2019-04-22 | Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110953249A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-03 | 北京泓慧国际能源技术发展有限公司 | Directional single magnetic circuit radial magnetic bearing and rotating device |
| CN112664561B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-07-12 | 庆安集团有限公司 | Dual-redundancy coil driving magnetic bearing for aircraft |
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| CN106936338A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-07 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of four-degree-of-freedom composite construction bearing-free switch reluctance motor and control method |
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| CN107104545A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-29 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of taper magnetic bearing switch reluctance motor and its control method |
| CN209892624U (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-01-03 | 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic radial magnetic bearing with E-shaped structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE502008002481D1 (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2011-03-10 | Siemens Ag | Magnetic radial bearing with permanent magnet for biasing and magnetic bearing system with such a magnetic radial bearing |
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2019
- 2019-04-22 CN CN201910322240.6A patent/CN110017329B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09166138A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-06-24 | Shimadzu Corp | Magnetic bearing device |
| CN201278474Y (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2009-07-22 | 浙江大学 | Mixed excitation type permanent magnet switch magnet link motor |
| WO2014041752A1 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-20 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Magnetic bearing |
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| CN110017329A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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