CN110005488B - Energy-saving optimization method for high-back-pressure heat supply system - Google Patents

Energy-saving optimization method for high-back-pressure heat supply system Download PDF

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CN110005488B
CN110005488B CN201910135405.9A CN201910135405A CN110005488B CN 110005488 B CN110005488 B CN 110005488B CN 201910135405 A CN201910135405 A CN 201910135405A CN 110005488 B CN110005488 B CN 110005488B
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heat supply
supply unit
heat
steam extraction
steam
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CN110005488A (en
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康艳昌
闫玉峰
董洋
刘传玲
李万军
牛庆良
黄天琪
张得科
王硕
王金龙
袁芳伟
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00Details
    • F24D19/10Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-saving optimization method for a high-backpressure heat supply system, wherein the heat supply system comprises a high-backpressure heat supply unit, a first steam extraction heat supply unit, a second steam extraction heat supply unit, a heat network head station heat exchanger, an industrial heat supply user side and a resident heat supply user side; the high back pressure heat supply unit, the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit are cogeneration units, and power generation and heat supply are simultaneously carried out according to the electric load demand of a power grid and the heat load demand of a heat grid; the heat exchanger of the heat supply network initial station is a steam-water heat exchanger, the steam side is connected with the steam extraction heat supply pipelines of the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit, and the water side is connected with the circulating water of the high back pressure heat supply unit; the industrial heat supply user side needs high-temperature steam, and heat is supplied by the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit; the demand of the resident heating user side is high-temperature hot water, and the high-back-pressure heat supply unit, the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit supply heat after being heated by the heat exchanger at the first station of the heat supply network.

Description

Energy-saving optimization method for high-back-pressure heat supply system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cogeneration, in particular to an energy-saving optimization method for a high-back-pressure heat supply system.
Background
The high-backpressure series-connection steam extraction heat supply system is a heat supply system commonly adopted by a cogeneration unit in the northern China in recent years, can fully utilize the advantage that the cold source loss of the high-backpressure heat supply unit is zero, and can adjust the external heat supply amount by controlling the steam extraction amount of the steam extraction heat supply unit according to the heat load demand of a heat supply user. This heating system can full play high back pressure heat supply unit and the advantage of steam extraction heat supply unit, nimble demand that satisfies the heat supply user, if the chinese patent that application number is 201810984137.3, but high back pressure heat supply unit is when establishing ties external heat supply with the heat supply unit of many different grade types, because of there is the difference in the running characteristic and the economic nature of different heat supply units, when operating mode such as heat supply unit electric load, the heating parameter, industry heat supply user demand changes, many heat supply units if can not carry out reasonable adjustment according to its running characteristic, will cause the waste of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the conventional high-backpressure series-connection steam extraction and heat supply system, and provides an energy-saving optimization method for the high-backpressure heat supply system, so as to solve the problem that the energy consumption of a cogeneration unit is high when the electric load of a power grid and the load of a heat grid change.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the energy-saving optimization method of the high back pressure heat supply system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating system includes: the system comprises a high-backpressure heat supply unit, a first steam extraction heat supply unit, a second steam extraction heat supply unit, a heat network head station heat exchanger, an industrial heat supply user side and a resident heat supply user side; the high back pressure heat supply unit, the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit are cogeneration units, and power generation and heat supply are simultaneously carried out according to the electric load demand of a power grid and the heat load demand of a heat grid; the heat exchanger at the first station of the heat supply network is a steam-water heat exchanger, the steam side is connected with the steam extraction heat supply pipelines of the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit, and the water side is connected with the circulating water of the high back pressure heat supply unit; the industrial heat supply user side needs high-temperature steam, and the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit supply heat; the resident heating user side needs high-temperature hot water, and the high-back-pressure heat supply unit, the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit supply heat after being heated by the heat exchanger at the first station of the heat supply network;
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and analyzing the economy of the high back pressure heat supply unit after the electrical load changes, and determining the influence of the electrical load changes of the high back pressure heat supply unit on the economy of the heat supply system;
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and comparing the difference of the economy of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit, and determining the sequence of the electrical load adjustment of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit when the power grid requires the unit to be debugged or the unit to be debugged;
when the heat supply demand of the resident heating user side changes, determining the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply unit according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply unit;
when the heat supply demand of an industrial heat supply user side changes, the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply units is determined according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply units.
The calculation formula of the economy of the high back pressure heat supply unit is as follows:
Figure BDA0001976373310000021
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption capacity, and P is generator power.
The calculation formula of the economical efficiency of the first steam extraction heat supply unit and the second steam extraction heat supply unit is as follows:
Figure BDA0001976373310000022
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption, P is generator power, and Q isfHeat supply for steam extraction.
The heat absorption capacity Q of the boiler is calculated according to the formula that Q is Gfw(hms-hfw)+Grh(hhr-hcr) (ii) a Wherein G isfwFor the boiler feed water flow, hmsIs the outlet of a boilerSpecific enthalpy of main steam, hfwSpecific enthalpy of boiler feed water, Grh reheat steam flow, hhrSpecific enthalpy of heat re-steam, hcrIs the cold reheat steam specific enthalpy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention provides an energy-saving optimization adjustment method of a heating system formed by connecting high-back-pressure heat supply and steam extraction heat supply units in series aiming at the condition that the electric load demand and the heat load demand change in real time, and solves the problem that when different types of cogeneration units jointly generate and supply heat to the outside, the energy consumption is higher due to different operating characteristics and economic characteristics.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-high back pressure heat supply unit; 2-a steam extraction and heat supply unit; 3-second steam extraction and heat supply unit; 4-heat supply network head station heat exchanger; 5-industrial heat supply user terminal; 6-residential heating user terminal.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, in the energy-saving optimization method for a high-back-pressure heating system in the present embodiment, the heating system includes: the system comprises a high back pressure heat supply unit 1, a first steam extraction heat supply unit 2, a second steam extraction heat supply unit 3, a heat supply network head station heat exchanger 4, an industrial heat supply user side 5 and a resident heat supply user side 6; the high back pressure heat supply unit 1, the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3 are cogeneration units, and generate electricity and supply heat simultaneously according to the electricity load demand of the power grid and the heat load demand of the heat grid; the heat exchanger 4 of the heat supply network initial station is a steam-water heat exchanger, the steam side is connected with the steam extraction heat supply pipelines of the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3, and the water side is connected with the circulating water of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1; the industrial heat supply user terminal 5 needs high-temperature steam, and heat is supplied by the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3; the resident heating user side 6 needs high-temperature hot water, and the high-back-pressure heat supply unit 1, the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3 supply heat after being heated by the heat exchanger 4 at the first station of the heat supply network;
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and analyzing the economy of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 after the electrical load changes, and determining the influence of the electrical load changes of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 on the economy of a heat supply system;
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and comparing the difference of the economy of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3, and determining the sequence of the electrical load adjustment of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 when the power grid requires the unit to be debugged or the unit to be debugged;
when the heat supply demand of the resident heating user side 6 changes, determining the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply unit according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply unit;
when the heat supply demand of the industrial heat supply user terminal 5 changes, the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply units is determined according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply units.
In this embodiment, the energy-saving optimization method for the high back pressure heating system includes the following steps:
and (3) calculating the economy of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 under variable working conditions, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001976373310000031
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption capacity, and P is generator power. The heat absorption capacity Q of the boiler is calculated according to the formula that Q is Gfw(hms-hfw)+Grh(hhr-hcr) (ii) a Wherein G isfwFor the boiler feed water flow, hmsIs the specific enthalpy of main steam at the outlet of the boiler, hfwSpecific enthalpy of boiler feed water, Grh reheat steam flow, hhrSpecific enthalpy of heat re-steam, hcrIs the cold reheat steam specific enthalpy.
And determining the influence of the change of the electrical load of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 on the economy of the high back pressure heat supply system according to the calculation result, and determining the optimization sequence of the high back pressure heat supply system according to the electrical load of the power grid, the requirements of the industrial heat supply user terminal 5 and the requirements of the residential heat supply user terminals 6.
After the electrical load of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 changes, the heat consumption change of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Heat consumption Change in active Change of high Back pressure Heat supply Unit
Figure BDA0001976373310000032
Figure BDA0001976373310000041
It can be seen from table 1 that, the index change conditions of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 when the electrical load is 125MW and 100MW are that the heat rate is increased by 428.84kJ/kW · h, the higher the electrical load of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 is, the higher the unit efficiency is, the higher the efficiency of the high pressure cylinder and the medium pressure cylinder is, and the work capacity of the steam turbine is enhanced.
The calculation formula for calculating the economical efficiency of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 is as follows:
Figure BDA0001976373310000042
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption, P is generator power, and Q isfHeat supply for steam extraction. The heat absorption capacity Q of the boiler is calculated according to the formula that Q is Gfw(hms-hfw)+Grh(hhr-hcr) (ii) a Wherein G isfwFor the boiler feed water flow, hmsIs the specific enthalpy of main steam at the outlet of the boiler, hfwSpecific enthalpy of boiler feed water, Grh reheat steam flow, hhrSpecific enthalpy of heat re-steam, hcrIs the cold reheat steam specific enthalpy.
And determining the difference of the economical efficiency of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 according to the calculation result, and determining the optimization sequence of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 according to the electric load of the power grid and the requirements of residential heating user sides and industrial heating user sides 5.
When the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3 have the same electrical load, the heat consumption of the heat supply units is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Heat consumption situation of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit under the same electric load
Figure BDA0001976373310000043
Figure BDA0001976373310000051
As can be seen from table 2, when the first steam-extraction heat-supply unit 2 and the second steam-extraction heat-supply unit 3 have the same electrical load, the heat consumption rate of the first steam-extraction heat-supply unit 2 is 150.62kJ/kW · h higher than that of the second steam-extraction heat-supply unit 3, which indicates that the second steam-extraction heat-supply unit 3 is more economical when the first steam-extraction heat-supply unit 2 and the second steam-extraction heat-supply unit 3 are operated in series.
According to the change situation of the group economy when the high back pressure heat supply unit 1, the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3 are in the power transformation load working condition, the energy-saving optimization sequence when the high back pressure heat supply system is in the variable working condition is as follows:
the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 has no cold source loss, when the electric load of the heat supply system is distributed, the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 is preferentially distributed, the first steam extraction heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction heat supply unit 3 are distributed, and the electric load of the high back pressure heat supply unit 1 is kept highest.
When the heat consumption rate of the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 is low and the electric loads of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 are distributed, the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 with low heat consumption is preferentially distributed.
When the heat consumption rate of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 is high and the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 participate in the power grid regulation and stop, the first steam extraction and heat supply unit 2 with high heat efficiency is preferentially allowed to participate in the regulation and stop.
When the heat consumption rate of the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 is low and the resident heating user side 6 needs to increase the heat supply amount, the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 with low heat consumption is preferentially distributed, and the steam inlet amount from the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 to the heat exchanger 4 at the head station of the heat supply network is increased.
The high-pressure cylinder and the medium-pressure cylinder of the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 are high in efficiency, the steam exhaust parameters of the high-pressure cylinder of the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 are low, when the industrial heat supply user side 5 needs to increase the heat supply amount, the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 with low heat consumption is preferentially distributed, and the steam supply amount from the second steam extraction and heat supply unit 3 to the industrial heat supply user side 5 is increased.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The energy-saving optimization method of the high back pressure heat supply system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating system includes: the system comprises a high back pressure heat supply unit (1), a first steam extraction heat supply unit (2), a second steam extraction heat supply unit (3), a heat exchanger (4) at the head station of a heat supply network, an industrial heat supply user side (5) and a resident heat supply user side (6); the high back pressure heat supply unit (1), the first steam extraction heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction heat supply unit (3) are cogeneration units, and generate electricity and supply heat simultaneously according to the electricity load demand of a power grid and the heat load demand of a heat grid; the heat supply network initial station heat exchanger (4) is a steam-water heat exchanger, the steam side is connected with steam extraction heat supply pipelines of the first steam extraction heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction heat supply unit (3), and the water side is connected with circulating water of the high back pressure heat supply unit (1); the industrial heat supply user side (5) needs high-temperature steam and supplies heat by the first steam extraction and heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit (3); the resident heating user side (6) needs high-temperature hot water, and the high-back-pressure heat supply unit (1), the first steam extraction heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction heat supply unit (3) supply heat after being heated by the heat supply network initial station heat exchanger (4);
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and analyzing the economy of the high back pressure heat supply unit (1) after the electrical load changes, and determining the influence of the electrical load changes of the high back pressure heat supply unit (1) on the economy of a heat supply system;
when the power grid electrical load demand changes, calculating and comparing the difference of the economy of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit (3), and determining the sequence of the electrical load adjustment of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit (3) when the power grid requires unit regulation or unit peak regulation;
when the heat supply demand of the resident heating user side (6) changes, determining the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply unit according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply unit;
when the heat supply demand of an industrial heat supply user end (5) changes, determining the sequence of adjusting the heat supply parameters of the heat supply unit according to the difference of the economy of the heat supply unit;
the economic calculation formula of the high back pressure heat supply unit (1) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003112800730000011
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption capacity, and P is generator power;
the calculation formulas of the economical efficiency of the first steam extraction and heat supply unit (2) and the second steam extraction and heat supply unit (3) are as follows:
Figure FDA0003112800730000012
wherein H is heat rate, Q is boiler heat absorption, P is generator power, and Q isfHeat supply for steam extraction;
the heat absorption capacity Q of the boiler is calculated according to the formula that Q is Gfw(hms-hfw)+Grh(hhr-hcr) (ii) a Wherein G isfwFor the boiler feed water flow, hmsIs the specific enthalpy of main steam at the outlet of the boiler, hfwSpecific enthalpy of boiler feed water, Grh reheat steam flow, hhrSpecific enthalpy of heat re-steam, hcrIs the cold reheat steam specific enthalpy.
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