CN110003926A - A kind of apparatus and method of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN110003926A CN110003926A CN201910268831.XA CN201910268831A CN110003926A CN 110003926 A CN110003926 A CN 110003926A CN 201910268831 A CN201910268831 A CN 201910268831A CN 110003926 A CN110003926 A CN 110003926A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis.The device includes hopper, feed system, differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor, gas solid separation system, pyrolysis gas condenser system, bio oil collecting box, collection charcoal case, combustion system, heat-exchange system and the fused salt circulatory system.Wherein, differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor is made of a pair of of differential roll shaft, sealing shell, high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube, material import and export, gas vent, driving transmission device and heat-insulation system.Heating and shearing friction of the pretreated biomass material by intersection high temperature mill, constantly remove surface carbon residue, guarantee to the effective catalytic pyrolysis in feed particles inside；And pyrolysis gas rapid condensation after gas solid separation, to obtain high-grade bio-oil fuel or the bio oil rich in specific high added value product；It is collected simultaneously combustible gas and coke, high-temperature flue gas is generated after burning, for heating thermally conductive fused salt and then heating mill, realizes self-heated pyrolysis process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass energy utilization technologies fields, and in particular to a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis heat
The apparatus and method of solution.
Background technique
By to the biomass materials such as agriculture and forestry organic waste material, municipal refuse carry out fast pyrogenation, can not only make waste without
Evilization, while high-grade bio oil and high valuable chemicals can also be obtained.Biomass fast pyrogenation technology will be difficult
Biomass castoff be converted into the big liquid bio-oil of energy density and biological combustible gas, convenient for its transport, storage, burning and
It is modified, biomass material waste material is made better use of, the disposal of pollutants that directly burning generates is reduced.And use catalyst to life
Material pyrolysis process is regulated and controled, and obtains the bio oil for being rich in specific high valuable chemicals, and obtain institute by separating to refine
Chemical products are needed, the dependence in human production life to petrochemical industry is equally can reduce, reduces disposal of pollutants indirectly.So
It says, biomass fast pyrogenation technology has important meaning for the contradiction between alleviating energy crisis and environmental improvement and economic development
Justice, or even can play the role of substituting traditional fossil energy in future.
How to thermally decompose biomass more efficiently, to prepare high-grade biology
Oil, is the core of biomass pyrolytic technical research, regardless of being that catalytic pyrolysis or traditional pyrolysis liquefaction are closed the most
Key is all whether corresponding pyrolysis reactor can be such that biological particles are brought rapidly up to reach pyrolytic reaction temperature in a short time
Degree.But due to the poor thermal conductivity of biomass, it is difficult to heat absorption heating rapidly, presently mainly by extending particle in reactor
Residence time is solved using more tiny feed particles, and this otherwise the treatment effeciency of reactor can be reduced or can be increased
Add the power consumption of pulverizer, increases the processing cost of biomass invariably.
And for the catalytic pyrolysis technology of biomass, three kinds: first nothing but of current mainstream pyrolysis reactor, for rotation
The reactor of the movable machineries formula such as cone, ablation, although can guarantee that compact-sized, low energy consumption, reducing carrier gas usage amount even not
Using carrier gas, but it is difficult to only by rotary centrifugal force so that catalyst directly acts on raw material internal-response；Second, for
The pyrolysis reactor of roller press type, although enabling to feed particles to be brought rapidly up, corresponding is raw material by forcing roll-in
Particle also the more is pressed the more real, and catalyst is difficult to touch inside particle, not can guarantee catalytic effect equally；Third, for fluidized bed
Formula reactor, although constantly colliding the charcoal that can remove raw material surface by particle, so that catalyst action is in inside,
Causing pyrolysis gas condensation difficulty, condenser heat to be lost greatly there is also carrier gas usage amount, big and reactor wear is serious, equipment is huge
The problems such as big.
So how to make pyrolysis reactor under conditions of guaranteeing uniformly promptly makes biomass reach pyrolysis required temperature,
It can guarantee reaction of the catalyst more efficiently inside fcc raw material particle again, be current biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis reactor
The emphasis of research and development.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis
The apparatus and method of pyrolysis.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of device of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis, the dress are provided
It sets and includes:
Hopper, feed system, differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor, gas solid separation system, pyrolysis gas condenser system, combustible gas
Storage tank, bio oil collecting box, collection charcoal case, combustion system, heat-exchange system and the fused salt circulatory system；The differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis
Reactor includes low speed roll shaft, high speed roll shaft, feed inlet, gas vent, sealing shell, discharge port, high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube, drives
Dynamic device, gear assembly, mill, heat preservation flue and insulating layer.
The outlet of hopper is connected with the material inlet of feed system；The material outlet and differential grinding roller formula of feed system are pyrolyzed
Feed inlet above reactor is connected；Discharge port below differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor is connected with the entrance of collection charcoal case, side
The gas vent of top is connected with the entrance of gas solid separation system；Solid outlet below gas solid separation system enters with collection charcoal case
Mouth is connected, and the gas vent of top is connected with the entrance of pyrolysis gas condenser system；The liquid-phase outlet of pyrolysis gas condenser system and life
The entrance of object oil collecting box is connected, and gaseous phase outlet is divided into three tunnels: the first via is connected with flammable gas storage tank, the second tunnel and combustion system
Burner be connected, third road is connected with the carrier gas inlet of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor；The outlet and burning for collecting charcoal case are
The burner of system is connected；The hot fume outlet of combustion system is connected with the smoke inlet of heat-exchange system and heat preservation flue；Heat
Exchange system and the exhanst gas outlet for keeping the temperature flue are connected with purification device；Fused salt outlet and the differential grinding roller formula of heat-exchange system
The entrance of pyrolysis reactor high temperature fused salt heat exchanging pipe is connected；The outlet of high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube is via the fused salt circulatory system and heat
The fused salt entrance of exchange system is connected；A pair of of grinding roller is made of low speed roll shaft and high speed roll shaft, and two roll shafts are with certain
Rotational speed difference rotates towards each other, and roll shaft surface is equipped with staggered annular mill, mill edge sharpening；Roll shaft is open at one end, is hollow knot
Structure；The high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube being fixed on the ring flange of sealing shell, is protruded into inside roll body from the opening, is not connect with roll body
Touching is supported by the external structure of reactor；The closing of the roll shaft other end is solid shafting, and entire grinding roller is by being located at reactor on the side
Two external bearing supports, and the other side does not contact vacantly with sealing shell；High speed roll shaft is connected with driving device, low speed roller
Axis follows high speed roll shaft to rotate by gear assembly；The junction of two roll shafts and sealing shell is disposed with two layers of sealing and arranges
It applies, then first layer is sealed in its disposed outside labyrinth seal as the second layer by high temperature resistant packing seal；Toward labyrinth seal
It is passed through a small amount of nitrogen in cavity as protection gas, micro-positive pressure is established at sealing structure.
Preferably, feed system is screw-feeder or belt conveyor.
Preferably, the diameter of low speed roll shaft and high speed roll shaft is 50-300mm, and 0-10 ° of inclination is placed side by side.
Preferably, the transmission ratio of gear assembly is 1-5.
Preferably, the outer diameter of mill is 100-500mm, and with a thickness of 10-30mm, edge wedge angle is 30-45 °, on roll shaft
Arranged for interval guarantees that the spacing that the mill on two roll shafts intersects is 1-10mm.
Preferably, the hard catalyst coat of the radially interleaved setting of disc surface and frictional layer, every layer of maximum width are less than
10mm, or entire disk are set as frictional layer entirely.
Preferably, frictional layer is to use blasting treatment in metal disk or coat the friction coating of high roughness.
Preferably, gas solid separation system is cyclone separator or gravity settling chamber.
Preferably, pyrolysis gas condenser system is spray congealing system, down-film condenser system or spraying and falling liquid film composite condensation
System.
Preferably, heat-exchange system is plate heat exchanger, shell-and-tube heat exchanger or double pipe heat exchanger
Preferably, the fused salt circulatory system uses fused salt submerged pump or fused salt axial-flow pump.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide it is a kind of using above-mentioned apparatus realize differential grinding roller formula biomass quickly urge
Change the method for pyrolysis, comprising the following steps:
Pretreated biomass material is sent into feed system via hopper；Above differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor
Feed inlet is fallen between the mill on low speed roll shaft and high speed roll shaft, is divided by the Pan Bi with sloping edge wedge angle different small
After section, the pyrolysis that heats up in the abrasive disk space at this is respectively enterd；By the shearing friction of the mill with certain speed difference, object
The carbon residue generated after the pyrolysis of material surface is constantly stripped, and catalyst and heat are easy to be sent into inside material particles, guarantees entire object
The efficient catalytic for expecting particle and sufficiently pyrolysis；The most of solid coke wherein generated enters collection charcoal by the discharge port of lower section
Case, small part along gas vent enter gas solid separation system with pyrolysis gas；The solid coke particle isolated equally into
Enter to collect charcoal case, and gas enters pyrolysis gas condenser system；The bio oil obtained after condensation enters bio oil collecting box, without
Condensable combustible gas, a part are sent into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor as carrier gas, as combustion after another part pressurization
Material enters combustion system, and redundance is stored in flammable gas storage tank；The high warm flue gas generated through combustion system burning, one
Divide after heat-exchange system and low-temperature molten salt heat exchange, is sent into air preheater and heats the air used that burns, another part is sent
Enter to keep the temperature flue, for maintaining the pyrolysis temperature of reactor, atmosphere is then discharged by purification system；It is flowed in heat-exchange system
High-temperature molten salt out, flowing through high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube makes roll shaft absorb heat, and then mill is made to heat up, and reaches pyrolysis required temperature；Through
Low-temperature molten salt after crossing the heat exchange of high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube is pumped by the fused salt circulatory system, is added into continuing cycling through in heat-exchange system
Heat heating.
Preferably, reaction temperature is 300-700 DEG C in above-mentioned differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor, and the solid phase residence time is
1-20s, gas residence time 0.2-2s.
Preferably, the revolving speed of above-mentioned differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor high speed roll shaft is 2-30r/min.
Preferably, above-mentioned catalyst introduce form be biomass mixed with catalyst in biomass pretreatment stage or
Hard catalyst is supported on mill and forms catalyst layer.
Preferably, above-mentioned metal fused salt is or mixtures thereof nitrate, nitrite, villaumite of metal.
The invention has the benefit that
Differential grinding roller formula biomass fast thermal decomposition device of the present invention, core are differential grinding roller formula pyrolytic reactions
Device.Pretreated biological particles pass through the shearing friction of the intersection high temperature mill with certain speed difference, constantly removing table
The pyrogenous origin charcoal in face enables catalyst and heat to be sent into inside material particles, guarantees internal effective catalytic pyrolysis, and produces
Raw pyrolysis gas rapid condensation after gas solid separation obtains high-grade bio oil or is used to prepare high value added product.Its advantage
It specifically includes that
(1) heat transfer efficiency is high: material is separated into different community section by the intersection mill with sloping edge first, facilitates height
Warm mill effectively conducts heat, simultaneously because material is constantly removed the carbon residue on surface in abrasive disk space by friction, is easy so that heat
Amount is penetrated into inside material particles, and heat transfer efficiency is increased.
(2) high catalytic efficiency, excellent catalytic effect: the charcoal of particle surface can be constantly removed, so that catalyst directly acts on
Inside raw material, rather than catalytic pyrolysis product, catalytic effect is more preferable, the formation path of easily controllable thermal decomposition product.
(3) structure is very compact, easily expansion treating capacity: being exchanged heat using disk, without using heat carrier, avoids being equipped with related
Auxiliary device, space utilization rate is high.Meanwhile it being easy to expand the length and mill of roll shaft by the length for increasing reactor
Quantity, the treatment effeciency of Lai Tigao device.
(4) it prevents material from building bridge: since mill is rotated towards each other with certain speed difference, certain disturb can be generated to material
Dynamic, being not easy, which makes material skid, builds bridge.
(5) gouging abrasion of alleviator: due to being to accelerate to conduct heat by the continuous removing of high temperature mill, without using
It is also easy to produce the thermofor of abrasion, while also mitigating the gouging abrasion between material and device metal component.
(6) exchange heat small scale, and heat exchange property is good: using metal fused salt for heat transferring medium, specific heat capacity is big, unit mass heat exchange
Amount is big, can reduce the flow of heat transferring medium, reduce the scale of heat-exchanger rig.Metal fused salt is compared with conduction oil simultaneously, accumulation of heat
The problems such as temperature is high, is not in deformation aging, heat exchange property is good.
(7) pyrolytic reaction conditional regulatory is convenient: speed, the temperature of fused salt and flow, grinding roller by controlling feeding device
Revolving speed, replace different size of mill, have woth no need to catalyst or replacement different catalysts, that is, be convenient to adjust required
Pyrolysis reaction temperature, reaction time, heat transfer area and catalysis situation, to regulate and control different pyrolysis according to different materials
Reaction, realize to biomass efficient, it is selectively converting.
(8) good seal performance: pass through the anti-leak-stopping of the labyrinth sealing double shielding of refractory seals filler and nitrogen protection
Gas, good seal performance.
(9) it without using carrier gas, or only needs using a small amount of carrier gas: due to the carrier gas in the present apparatus merely to accelerating pyrolysis
The quick discharge of gas reduces gas residence time, second pyrolysis is avoided as far as possible, not as fluidizing agent or heat carrier.
Therefore usage amount needed for is few, or without using avoiding energy loss caused by carrier gas heating and condensation process.
(10) self-heated pyrolysis: the combustible gas that biomass pyrolytic generates is used to burn with coke, provides heat for pyrolysis,
Realize self-heated pyrolysis process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of grinding roller in differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is mill and the schematic diagram of installation site in differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor of the present invention；
Figure label:
1- hopper；2- feed system；3- differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor；4- gas solid separation system；The condensation of 5- pyrolysis gas
System；6- is flammable gas storage tank；7- bio oil collecting box；8- collection charcoal case；9- combustion system；10- heat-exchange system；11- fused salt follows
Loop system；
301- low speed roll shaft；302- high speed roll shaft；303- feed inlet；304- gas vent；305- sealing shell；306- goes out
Material mouth；307- high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube；308- driving device；309- gear assembly；310- mill；311- keeps the temperature flue；
312 insulating layers.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of apparatus and method of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis, below with reference to specific
The present invention will be further described for embodiment.
Apparatus structure in each embodiment is essentially identical,.Fig. 1 is differential of the present invention mill
The schematic diagram of roll-type biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation；And Fig. 2 is wherein core component --- differential grinding roller formula pyrolytic reaction
The schematic diagram of device；Fig. 3 is then the schematic diagram of grinding roller in pyrolysis reactor described in Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the outlet of hopper 1 is connected with the entrance of spiral feed system 2；Spiral feed system 2
The feed inlet 303 of 3 top of outlet and differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor be connected；3 lower section of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor
Discharge port 306 is connected with the entrance of collection charcoal case 8, and the gas vent 304 of upper side is connected with the entrance of cyclone separation system 4；Rotation
The solid outlet of the lower section of wind separation system 4 is connected with the entrance of collection charcoal case 8, the gas vent of top be sprayed it is compound with falling film type
The entrance of condenser system 5 is connected；The entrance of spraying and falling film type composite condensation system 5 liquid-phase outlet and bio oil collecting box 7
It is connected, gaseous phase outlet is divided into three tunnels, and the first via is connected with the entrance of flammable gas storage tank 6, the burning on the second tunnel and small-sized room burner 9
Device is connected, and third road is connected with the carrier gas inlet of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3；Collect the outlet and small-sized room burner 9 of charcoal case 8
Burner be connected；The hot fume outlet of small-sized room burner 9 and the hot inlet of plate heat exchanger 10 and heat transfer flue 311
Smoke inlet is connected；The hot outlets of plate heat exchanger 10 are connected with air preheater smoke inlet；It air preheater and changes
The exhanst gas outlet of heating flue 311 is connected with purification system；Cold flow outlet and the differential grinding roller formula pyrolytic reaction of plate heat exchanger 10
The entrance of 3 high temperature fused salt heat exchanging coil pipe 307 of device is connected；The outlet of high-temperature molten salt heat exchange coil 307 is via fused salt axial-flow pump 11
It is connected with the cold inlet of plate heat exchanger 10；The roller diameter of two roll shafts be 200mm, interval 25mm interlaced arrangement have outer diameter 400mm,
Thickness 20mm, 30 ° of edge wedge angle of cyclic annular mill 310；High speed roll shaft 302 is by retarder and is placed in except sealing shell 305
Motor 308 be connected, low speed roll shaft 301 is driven by high speed roll shaft 302 by gear 309；Between two roll shafts and sealing shell 305
Gas leakage is prevented by the labyrinth seal of refractory seals filler and nitrogen protection；Thermal insulation material 312 is wrapped around sealing shell, it is interior
Portion has flue gas heat preservation channel 311；Excess air is sent into small-sized room burner 9 by air blower, and auxiliary fuel uses natural gas,
External various fuel channels are equipped with valve, for selecting the type of fuel.
Embodiment 1
It is 8mm that the bagasse that moisture content is 8wt%, which is crushed to average grain diameter, is passed through with the feed rate of 120kg/h
Spiral feed system 2 enters differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3；Catalytic Layer is squeezed using the active carbon of steam activation to mill
Surface, frictional layer use friction coating, as shown in Figure 4；By adjusting motor power (output), guarantee that the high speed roll shaft revolving speed of active is
10r/min, using 4:5 gear drive, drive low speed roll shaft revolving speed is 8r/min；Into in differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3
The temperature of molten salt of high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube 307 is 400 DEG C, and measuring the temperature in pyrolysis reactor is 310 DEG C；Thermal decomposition product is through gas
Gu obtaining the bio oil for having target product 4- ethyl -phenol after separation and pyrolysis gas condensation, the yield of 4- ethyl -phenol is
3.1wt%.
Embodiment 2
The pine for being 8wt% by moisture content, being crushed to average grain diameter is 8mm, with the feed rate of 100kg/h through spiral
It is sent into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3 after feed system 2；High speed roll shaft revolving speed is 15r/min, and low speed roll shaft revolving speed is
10r/min；The temperature of molten salt of high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube 307 is 650 DEG C in into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3, guarantees heat
Temperature in solution reactor maintains 500 DEG C；The catalyst of mill Catalytic Layer uses solid phosphoric acid potassium, and frictional layer is applied using friction
Material, as shown in Figure 4；Thermal decomposition product obtains coke, bio oil and the pyrolysis of combustible gas three-phase after gas solid separation and pyrolysis gas condensation
Product, respective yield are respectively 29.4wt%, 48.6wt% and 22.0wt%；Wherein target product phenol mixture is in butt
The content of bio oil is 59.7wt%.
Embodiment 3
The corncob for being 8wt% by moisture content, being crushed to average grain diameter is 10mm, subsequent dip loading ZnCl2Afterwards simultaneously
It is dry, ZnCl2Load capacity be 15.4wt%；By spiral feed system 2 with inlet amount 100kg/h, material particles are sent into
Differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3, two roller speed ratios are 1:2；By adjusting motor power (output), guarantee that high speed roll shaft revolving speed is
10r/min；The temperature of molten salt of high-temperature molten salt heat exchange coil 307 is 440 DEG C in into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3, pyrolysis
340 DEG C of temperature in reactor；Thermal decomposition product obtains coke, bio oil and combustible gas after gas solid separation and pyrolysis gas condensation
Three-phase thermal decomposition product, respective yield are respectively 43.2wt%, 48.1wt% and 8.7wt%, the wherein production of target product furfural
Rate is 8.3wt%.
Embodiment 4
It is 10mm that the rice straw of water content 10wt%, which is crushed to average grain diameter, is that 80kg/h is fed by spiral with inlet amount
System 2 is sent into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3；Using 3:5 transmission ratio, make high speed roll shaft revolving speed 7.5r/min, low speed roller
Axis revolving speed is 4.5r/min；Catalyst is not introduced, mill is set as frictional layer entirely；Into in differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor 3
The temperature of molten salt of high-temperature molten salt heat exchange coil 307 is 670 DEG C, 520 DEG C of the temperature in pyrolysis reactor；Thermal decomposition product is through gas-solid point
After condensing with pyrolysis gas, the yield for measuring coke is 29.1wt%, and the yield of bio oil is 50.3wt%, the yield of combustible gas
For 20.6wt%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.It is all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation, including hopper (1), feed system (2), differential grinding roller formula
Pyrolysis reactor (3), gas solid separation system (4), pyrolysis gas condenser system (5), flammable gas storage tank (6), bio oil collecting box
(7), collect charcoal case (8), combustion system (9), heat-exchange system (10) and the fused salt circulatory system (11)；The differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis
Reactor (3) includes low speed roll shaft (301), high speed roll shaft (302), feed inlet (303), gas vent (304), sealing shell
(305), discharge port (306), high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube (307), driving device (308), gear assembly (309), mill
(310), flue (311) and insulating layer (312) are kept the temperature；
The outlet of hopper (1) is connected with the material inlet of feed system (2)；The material outlet and differential grinding roller of feed system (2)
Feed inlet (303) above formula pyrolysis reactor (3) is connected；Discharge port (306) below differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3)
It is connected with the entrance of collection charcoal case (8), the gas vent (304) of upper side is connected with the entrance of gas solid separation system (4)；Gas-solid point
It is connected from the solid outlet below system (4) with the entrance of collection charcoal case (8), the gas vent and pyrolysis gas condenser system of top
(5) entrance is connected；The liquid-phase outlet of pyrolysis gas condenser system (5) is connected with the entrance of bio oil collecting box (7), gaseous phase outlet
Be divided into three tunnels: the first via is connected with flammable gas storage tank (6), and the second tunnel is connected with the burner of combustion system (9), third road and poor
The carrier gas inlet of fast grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3) is connected；The outlet of collection charcoal case (8) is connected with the burner of combustion system (9)；
The hot fume outlet of combustion system (9) is connected with the smoke inlet of heat-exchange system (10) and heat preservation flue (311)；Heat exchange
System (10) and the exhanst gas outlet for keeping the temperature flue (311) are connected with purification device；Heat-exchange system (10) fused salt outlet with
The entrance of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3) high temperature fused salt heat exchanging pipe (307) is connected；High-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube (307)
Outlet is connected via the fused salt circulatory system (11) with the fused salt entrance of heat-exchange system (10)；
The pair of grinding roller is made of low speed roll shaft (301) and high speed roll shaft (302), and two roll shafts are turned in opposite directions with certain rotational speed difference
Dynamic, roll shaft surface is staggeredly equipped with annular mill (310), mill edge sharpening；Roll shaft is open at one end, is hollow structure；It is fixed on
High-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube (307) on sealing shell (305) ring flange, is protruded into inside roll body, heat exchanger tube and roller from the opening
Body does not contact, and is supported by reactor external structure；The closing of the roll shaft other end, is solid shafting, and entire grinding roller is located at reaction by the side
Two bearing supports on device outside, and the other side does not contact vacantly with sealing shell (305)；High speed roll shaft (302) and driving
Device (308) is connected, and low speed roll shaft (301) follows high speed roll shaft (302) to rotate by gear assembly (309)；Two roll shafts
The junction of sealing shell (305) is provided with two layers of seal approach, first layer is by high temperature resistant packing seal, then outside it
Arrange that labyrinth seal is sealed as the second layer；It is passed through a small amount of nitrogen into the cavity of labyrinth seal as protection gas, is tied in sealing
Micro-positive pressure is established at structure.
2. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low speed
The diameter of roll shaft (301) and high speed roll shaft (302) is 50-300mm, and 0-10 ° of inclination is placed side by side.
3. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gear
The transmission ratio of transmission device (309) is 1-5.
4. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mill
(310) outer diameter is 100-500mm, and with a thickness of 10-30mm, edge wedge angle is 30-45 °, and the arranged for interval on roll shaft guarantees two
Intersecting the gap between mill on roll shaft is 1-10mm.
5. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the mill
(310) surface is disposed radially concave layer, and every layer of maximum width is less than 10mm, for being used as Catalytic Layer or frictional layer.
6. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described urges
Changing layer is that hard catalyst is loaded in mill (310) concave layer, and frictional layer is to carry out blasting treatment to metal grinding table (310) disk
Or coat the friction coating of high roughness.
7. differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is molten
The salt circulatory system (11) uses fused salt submerged pump or fused salt axial-flow pump.
8. a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis method for pyrolysis based on any described device of claim 1-7, including
Following steps:
Pretreated biomass material is sent into feed system (2) via hopper (1)；From differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3)
The feed inlet (303) of top is fallen between the intersection mill on low speed roll shaft (301) and high speed roll shaft (302), by with inclination
After the Pan Bi of edge wedge angle is divided into different community section, the pyrolysis that heats up in the abrasive disk space at this is respectively enterd；By with one
Determine the shearing friction of the intersection mill (310) of speed difference, the carbon residue generated after surface of material pyrolysis is constantly stripped, while will be urged
Agent and heat are sent into inside material particles, the efficient catalytic for guaranteeing entire material particles and sufficiently pyrolysis；Catalytic reaction temperature
It is 300-700 DEG C, the solid phase residence time is 1-10s, gas residence time 0.2-2s；Wherein, most of solid of generation is burnt
Charcoal enters collection charcoal case (8) by the discharge port (306) of lower section, and small part is as pyrolysis gas is by gas vent (304) entrance
Gas solid separation system (4)；The solid coke particle isolated likewise enters collection charcoal case (8), and gas enters pyrolysis gas condensed system
It unites (5)；The bio oil obtained after condensation enters bio oil collecting box (7), and uncondensable combustible gas, a part of conduct
Carrier gas is sent into differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3), is entered combustion system (9) after another part pressurization as fuel, extra
Section store is in flammable gas storage tank (6)；The high warm flue gas generated through combustion system (9) burning, a part is in heat exchange series
(10) are united with after low-temperature molten salt heat exchange, are sent into air used in heating burning in air preheater, another part is sent into heat preservation cigarette
Road is then discharged into atmosphere by purification system for maintaining the pyrolysis temperature of reactor；The high temperature flowed out in heat-exchange system
Fused salt, flowing through high-temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube (307) makes roll shaft absorb heat, and then mill is made to heat up, and reaches pyrolysis required temperature；Through excessively high
Low-temperature molten salt after temperature molten salt heat exchanger tube (307) heat exchange is pumped by the fused salt circulatory system (11), into heat-exchange system (10)
Continue cycling through heat temperature raising.
9. a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis method for pyrolysis according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described
The revolving speed of differential grinding roller formula pyrolysis reactor (3) high speed roll shaft (302) is 2-30r/min.
10. a kind of differential grinding roller formula biomass quick catalysis method for pyrolysis according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: institute
The catalyst stated direct impregnation raw material or can be supported on mill (310).
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| CN110529854A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-03 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of spiral roller type refuse pyrolysis system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110529854A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-12-03 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of spiral roller type refuse pyrolysis system and method |
| CN111017926A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-17 | 南京理工大学 | Method and device for preparing magnetic carbon nanotube/porous carbon material by using green environment-friendly biomass |
| CN111534311A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-14 | 华北电力大学 | Double-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis device and method |
| CN111534311B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-05-18 | 华北电力大学 | Double-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis device and method |
| CN114774142A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-07-22 | 华中科技大学 | Processing system of living beings pyrolysis gas |
| CN116255625A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-06-13 | 北京鑫风绿能科技有限公司 | Down pyrolysis device and method |
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