CN109995146A - The control method of energy-storage system - Google Patents
The control method of energy-storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109995146A CN109995146A CN201810120119.0A CN201810120119A CN109995146A CN 109995146 A CN109995146 A CN 109995146A CN 201810120119 A CN201810120119 A CN 201810120119A CN 109995146 A CN109995146 A CN 109995146A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules.The control method includes: the master control battery module of each those battery modules return individual communication state and individual maximum charge/discharge currents to those battery modules；The master control battery module notifies an energy converter accordingly, to allow the energy converter to set a maximum charge/discharge current accordingly；When the judgement of one first battery module of those battery modules in online state itself prepares off line, which notifies the master control battery module, downgrades the maximum charge/discharge current to allow the master control battery module to be notified to the energy converter；And prepare first battery module progress off line of off line.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of control methods of energy-storage system.
Background technique
Since environmental consciousness is promoted, global electric vehicle and the demand of energy storage industry are gradually broken out in recent years.In household/quotient
With in/industrial energy-storage system, electricity consumption number may need dynamic configuration as season (dull season, busy season) influences.This
Dynamic configuration can be by realizing battery pack parallel connection.
Existing battery pack parallel way for example has isolated parallel connection in parallel with direct-type etc..In isolated parallel connection, electricity
Pond group outlet side is after the isolation of DC/DC converter, to adjust the energy of input and output.The advantages of isolated parallel configurations
It is battery pack that can be big using various characteristics difference, and does not have the generation of inner looping electric current.But isolated parallel configurations
Major defect be that volume is big, weight is again at high cost.
Direct-type parallel configurations are limited to the similar battery pack of useful properties height, but once occur battery pack escape from
After line, need artificial treatment that can be returned on line state.
So needing a kind of control method of electric energy-storage system, energy-storage system can be met for the bullet of capacity extensions
Property demand, also realize heat insertion characteristic.
Summary of the invention
One embodiment of this case proposes a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules, should
Control method includes: each those battery modules return individual communication state and individual maximum charge/discharge currents to those battery moulds
One master control battery module of block；The master control battery module notifies an energy converter accordingly, to allow the energy converter to set accordingly
A fixed maximum charge/discharge current；When the one first battery module judgement of those battery modules in online state prepares itself
When off line, which notifies the master control battery module, to allow the master control battery module to be notified to the energy converter
Downgrade the maximum charge/discharge current；And prepare first battery module progress off line of off line.
Another embodiment of this case proposes a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules,
The control method includes: according to the Individual cells voltage of those battery modules of off line, by a master control of those battery modules
Battery module is notified to an energy converter, to allow the energy converter to set the charging voltage on a dc bus or a charging
Electric current；And when a battery module of those battery modules detects the charging electricity on cell voltage itself and the dc bus
When a voltage difference between pressure is less than a setting value, the battery module carry to the dc bus.
The another embodiment of this case proposes a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules,
The control method includes: according to the Individual cells voltage of those battery modules of off line, by a master control of those battery modules
Battery module selectes a discharge target battery module and a target charging cell module from those battery modules；When the target is put
When a voltage difference between electric battery module and the target charging cell module is greater than a setting value, the discharge target battery module pair
The target charging cell module carries out current-limiting charge；And it is somebody's turn to do when the individual voltage difference between any the two of all battery modules is less than
When setting value, by all battery module carries a to dc bus.
More preferably understand to have to above-mentioned and other aspect of the invention, special embodiment below, and cooperates appended attached
Detailed description are as follows for figure:
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the functional block diagram of the energy-storage system according to this case first embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows the waveform diagram of the discharge regime off line according to this case first embodiment.
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show the off line control flow chart according to this case first embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram for balancing involution in charging according to the energy-storage system of this case second embodiment.
Fig. 5 shows the waveform diagram of the charging balance involution according to this case second embodiment.
Fig. 6 is shown according to the energy-storage system of this case 3rd embodiment in the schematic diagram for standing current limliting balance involution.
Fig. 7 is shown according to the energy-storage system of this case fourth embodiment in the schematic diagram for standing current limliting balance involution.
Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C shows the connection control flow chart according to another embodiment of this case, and the battery module of off line is answered
Return (carry).
Symbol description:
100: energy-storage system 50: energy converter
10-30,10B-30B: battery module 60: dc bus
70: signal of communication line
11,21,31: battery pack 12,22,32: battery management system
13,23,33,14,24,34: switch
T21-T23, T51-T54: timing 305-355,805-870: step
80:DC/DC converter 90: discharge bus
Specific embodiment
The technical terms of this specification are the idioms referring to the art, are added as this specification has part term
To illustrate or define, the explanation of the part term is to be subject to the explanation or definition of this specification.Each embodiment of the disclosure
It is respectively provided with one or more technical characteristics.Under the premise of may implement, those of ordinary skill in the art is optionally
Implement all or part of technical characteristic in any embodiment, or selectively by skill all or part of in these embodiments
Art feature is combined.
First embodiment-off line control
The functional block diagram of the energy-storage system according to this case first embodiment, Fig. 2 are shown now referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1
Show the waveform diagram of the discharge regime off line according to this case first embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, including: multiple battery modules according to the energy-storage system 100 of this case first embodiment.In Fig. 1, with
Energy-storage system 100 works as including explaining for 3 battery modules 10,20,30 and knows that this case is not limited to this.
AC or DC renewable sources of energy etc. can be converted into direct current by energy converter 50, to pass through dc bus 60 to battery mould
Block 10,20,30 charges.Either, energy converter 50 can be exported the battery module 10,20,30 of stocking system 100 straight
Galvanic electricity is converted into alternating current, to be supplied to AC household power system.The detailed architecture of energy converter 50 and operation herein can not be especially
It limits.
By signal of communication line 70, can communicate with one another between battery module 10,20,30 or battery module 10,20,30
One of (master control battery module) energy converter 50 can be in communication in.
Battery module 10 includes: battery pack 11, battery management system (battery management system, BMS) 12
With switch 13.In the same manner, battery module 20 includes: battery pack 21, battery management system 22 and switch 23.Battery module 30 wraps
It includes: battery pack 31, battery management system 32 and switch 33.
In this case first embodiment, when at stocking system 100 in the discharged condition, when there is any battery group (11,21
Or voltage difference 31) when electricity is used up or between the voltage and other battery modules of any battery module it is excessive when, can will be electric
The battery module of battery module or brownout used up is measured from online state escape into off-line state, the electricity for avoiding electricity from using up
The battery module over-discharge of pond module or brownout or a large amount of inner loopings are absorbed at the end of electric discharge recharges electric current.
In embodiment of this case, " online state " refers to that the switch (such as switch 13,23,33) of battery module 10,20,30 is led
Logical, so that battery module 10,20,30 jumps to dc bus 60, this state is known as " online state "., whereas if battery mould
The switch (such as switch 13,23,33) of block 10,20,30 is in an off state, so that battery module 10,20,30 does not jump to direct current
Bus 60, then this state is known as " off-line state ".
In this case first embodiment, numbering minimum battery module (explaining by taking battery module 10 as an example) can be as storage
The default master control battery module of energy system 100, to be responsible for externally either to the communication between energy converter 50.Even if master control
Battery module is in off-line state, still can be responsible for communication by master control battery module.
Assuming that the battery number of battery module 10,20,30 is respectively 1,2 and 3.(the battery module 10, based on default of number 1
Control battery module) it collects and to converge whole itself and number 2 (battery module 20), the module information of number 3 (battery module 30) (such as electric
Cell voltage, battery temperature, maximum permissible charge/discharge current etc.).Master control battery module 10 is by signal of communication line 70, by institute
There is the module information of battery module to be sent to energy converter 50, to allow energy converter 50 to adjust charging current or electric discharge
Electric current.
Just in case when the communication function failure of the battery module 10 of number 1, also that is, when remaining battery module 20 and 30 can not lead to
Cross signal of communication line 70 detect number 1 (battery module 10) there are when, then by number time low battery module (number 2
Battery module 20) treat as new master control battery module, remaining can the rest may be inferred.
Now illustrate the off line control of this case first embodiment.Referring to figure 2..Assuming that when just starting, battery module 10,
20,30 it is all in regular picture, and each battery module 10,20,30 normally exports the electric current of 40A to energy converter 50.
In timing T21, when battery module 10,20,30 is near the tension discharge to 52V of dc bus 60, battery
Module 10 prepares to be converted into off-line state because of overheat protector.But before 10 off line of battery module, in battery module 10
Battery management system 12 is notified to energy converter 50 via signal of communication line 70, to allow energy converter 50 by stocking system 100
The discharge current upper limit from 120A be cut to 80A (also that is, energy converter 50 be changed to from stocking system 100 extract 80A output
Electric current).This is because if the 10 failure to disclose energy converter 50 of battery module for being intended to off line, remaining battery module
20,30 electric current (electric current of each output 60A) that export total 120A, the discharge current that may cause battery module 20 and 30 overloads
And trigger the overcurrent power-off protection of battery module 20/30.
When tension discharge of dc bus 60 to 46V or so (timing T22), it is assumed that the electricity of battery module 20 has been used
Light, the preparation of battery module 20 switches to off-line state, and the battery management system 22 of battery module 20 is via signal of communication line 70
Notify master control battery module 10.Similarly, before 20 off line of battery module, led to by battery module 10 via signal of communication line 70
Energy converter 50 is reported, to allow energy converter 50 that the discharge current upper limit of stocking system 100 is cut to 40A from 80A.
After timing T22, only remaining battery module 30 continues to power, in timing T23, the voltage drop of dc bus 60
For 44V.
Certainly, if battery module 30 prepares off line and cuts off output (this situation is not shown in Fig. 2), battery module 30
Battery management system 32 notifies master control battery module 10 via signal of communication line 70；Before 30 off line of battery module, by battery
Module 10 is notified to energy converter 50 via signal of communication line 70, to make energy converter 50 that the electric discharge of stocking system 100 is electric
It flows the upper limit and is cut to 0A from 40A.
That is, script carry takes off one by one during discharge in two battery modules 10,20 of dc bus 60
Machine.
In addition, if the exception battery module can be at any time from upper when the abnormal protections such as overheat occur for any battery module
Line parallel connection escape is at off-line state.Certainly, before off line, abnormal battery module will notify master control battery module, with into one
Walk the charge/discharge current upper limit for allowing energy converter to adjust energy-storage system.
Although being not limited thereto it should be noted that above-described embodiment is explained with the off line control of discharge process.
During the charging process, it is also likely to occur the situation of battery module exception or overheat and needs escape offline, off line control
Method is similar to foregoing description, and details are not described herein.
Now referring to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, the off line control flow chart according to this case first embodiment is shown.In step 305
In, each battery module periodically returns (such as but being not only restricted to, return per second) individual communication state and maximum charge/discharge electricity itself
It flows and gives master control battery module, wherein communications status refers to that the battery module is in online or off line.In the step 310, by master control
After battery module arranges the reported information of all battery modules, energy converter 50 is notified accordingly, to allow 50 evidence of energy converter
To set maximum charge/discharge current.In step 315, all battery modules of energy-storage system 100 are judged by master control battery module
Whether all it is in static condition (also that is, static condition refers to, battery module is not at charged state not also in discharge condition).
If step 315 be it is yes, process is back to step 305.If step 315 be it is no, by be in online state each battery mould
Whether whether block judgement itself wants starting protection, also that is, itself to prepare to take off by each battery module judgement in online state
Machine, such as step 320.As step 320 be it is yes, prepare off line battery module notice master control battery module.In step 325, exist
After obtaining the notification for preparing the battery module of off line, master control battery module is notified to energy converter, to downgrade maximum charge/discharge electricity
Stream.In step 330, the battery module for preparing off line carries out off line, also that is, disconnecting switch 13,23,33 in dc bus 60,
To complete off line.In step 335, the battery module by off line itself will number notice master control battery module, to make master control electric
Pond module is learnt at present still has be in online state for which battery module, and process is back to step 305.
In addition, if step 320 is then no, then in step 340, judged by master control battery module still in online state
Whether the quantity of battery module is 0, either, by master control battery module judge still in online state battery module whether
Do not have electric energy all.If it is (i.e. the two meets one of them) that step 340, which is, master control battery module notifies energy conversion
Device, to allow energy converter to stop extracting the electric energy of those battery modules, such as step 345.
If step 340 be it is no, whether all master control battery module judges all battery modules in online state
Reach and fills full state, such as step 350.If step 350 be it is yes, master control battery module notifies energy converter, to allow the energy
Converter stops the charging to those battery modules, such as step 355.If step 350 be it is no, process is back to step 315.
It can be seen from the above, in this case first embodiment, when energy-storage system 100 is powered, before battery module off line, by
The battery module of off line is notified to master control battery module, then energy converter 50 is notified to by master control battery module, to avoid surplus
Remaining online battery module bears too big charge/discharge current.
Second embodiment-charging balances involution
Now referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.Fig. 4 is shown according to the energy-storage system of this case second embodiment in charging balance involution
Schematic diagram, Fig. 5 show the waveform diagram of the charging balance involution according to this case second embodiment.
In this case second embodiment, led to each other between battery management system 12,22,32 by signal of communication line 70
Letter, therefore battery management system 12,22,32 is it is known that mutual cell voltage.In this, it is assumed that cell voltage is from low to high
Respectively battery module 30, battery module 20 and battery module 10, wherein the voltage of the battery pack 31 of battery module 30 is 44V,
The voltage of the battery pack 21 of battery module 20 is 48V, and the voltage of the battery pack 11 of battery module 10 is 52V.Battery module 10,
20,30 be all off-line state.It is beneath to illustrate, after the battery module 10,20,30 in off-line state is all back to normal
(for example, temperature is back to normal), how by these 10,20,30 involutions of battery module.
Before starting involution, the voltage of all battery modules 10,20,30 as known to master control battery module, so, it is main
Controlling battery module can be according to the voltage of all battery packs in those battery modules, to be notified to energy converter 50, to allow the energy
Converter 50 sets the curve of its charging voltage, as shown in Figure 5.Voltage on dc bus 60 is filling for energy converter 50
Piezoelectric voltage or charging current, and in this case second embodiment, (as energy converter 50 fills the voltage on dc bus 60
Piezoelectric voltage) it is incremental.During involution, when one of all battery modules detect cell voltage itself and direct current
When the voltage difference between charging voltage in bus is less than setting value, battery module carry to dc bus, to charge.By
It is incremental in the charging voltage on dc bus, therefore battery module can be with minimum cell voltage to highest cell voltage sequentially carry
In dc bus.
Specifically, in timing T51, the battery management system 32 of the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage is detected directly
The current voltage for flowing bus 60 is about 44V or so, so, the battery management system 32 of battery module 30 judges the battery electricity of itself
The current voltage of pressure 44V and dc bus 60 is about voltage difference between 44V less than a setting value, setting value can for example but not by
Be limited to 3V, so, the battery management system 32 of the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage judgement itself can carry to dc bus
60.Either, in timing T51, the battery management system 32 of the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage detects dc bus
60 voltage value is 0, represents current dc bus 60 and is in headroom state, also that is, none of battery module jumps to
Dc bus 60, so, the battery management system 32 of the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage judgement itself can carry to direct current
Bus 60.
To complete carry, 32 control switch 33 of battery management system of the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage is conducting,
With carry to dc bus 60.After 30 carry of battery module to dc bus 60, in timing T51, battery module 30 is complete
At involution.Later, energy converter 50 charges to battery module 30 through dc bus 60.Similarly, by master control battery module
Battery management system notice energy converter 50 regulate and control charging current value, such as be adjusted to 20A.
Similarly, in timing T52, the battery management system 22 of the battery module 20 of secondary low battery voltages detects direct current
Voltage between the current voltage (i.e. the voltage of battery module 30) of bus 60 and the cell voltage of itself is all about 48V or so,
The two voltage difference is less than setting value.So the judgement of battery management system 22 of the battery module 20 of secondary low battery voltages itself can
Carry is to dc bus 60.
To complete carry, 22 control switch 23 of battery management system of the battery module 20 of secondary low battery voltages is conducting,
With carry to dc bus 60, in timing T52, battery module 20 completes involution.When 20 carry of battery module to dc bus
After 60, energy converter 50 charges to battery module 20,30 through dc bus 60.At this point, battery module 20 and 30 is in parallel.
Similarly, charging current value is regulated and controled by the battery management system notice energy converter 50 of master control battery module, e.g. adjusted
Increasing is 40A.
Similarly, in timing T53, the battery management system 12 of the battery module 10 of highest cell voltage detects direct current
All about in 52V or so, the two voltage difference is less than the setting value for the current voltage of bus 60 and the cell voltage of itself.So most
The judgement of battery management system 12 of the battery module 10 of high cell voltage itself can carry to dc bus 60.
To complete carry, 12 control switch 13 of battery management system of the battery module 10 of highest cell voltage is conducting,
With carry to dc bus 60, in timing T53, battery module 10 completes involution.When 10 carry of battery module to dc bus
After 60, energy converter 50 charges to battery module 10,20,30 through dc bus 60.At this point, battery module 10,20,30
It is in parallel.Similarly, charging current value is regulated and controled by the battery management system notice energy converter 50 of master control battery module, e.g.
It is 60A that adjustment, which increases,.
In timing T54, since all cell voltages have been approached fully charged state, so, energy converter 50 is by constant current
(CC) pattern switching charges at constant voltage (CV) mode.
Also that is, in this case second embodiment, after the battery module of off line restores normal, if the battery mould of off line
If block judges that the voltage difference between cell voltage itself and the current voltage of dc bus 60 is less than setting value, then the battery mould
Block can carry to dc bus 60, to complete the involution of the battery module.So height of those battery modules according to voltage itself
It is sequentially completed involution, the involution at first of the battery module of minimum voltage, so that energy converter is persistently to the battery mould of minimum voltage
Block charging, followed by the second involution of battery module of secondary low-voltage, so that energy converter is persistently to minimum and secondary low-voltage
Battery module charging, and the last involution of the battery module of ceiling voltage.The rest may be inferred, until all normal battery module carries
It is online.
3rd embodiment-standing current limliting balance
Fig. 6 is shown according to the energy-storage system of this case 3rd embodiment in the schematic diagram for standing current limliting balance involution.Cell tube
It communicates with one another between reason system 12,22,32, therefore all battery management systems 12,22,32 are it is known that mutual battery electricity
Pressure.In this, it is assumed that cell voltage is respectively battery module 30, battery module 20 and battery module 10 from low to high, wherein electricity
The voltage of the battery pack 31 of pond module 30 is 44V, and the voltage of the battery pack 21 of battery module 20 is 48V, and battery module 10
The voltage of battery pack 11 is 52V.Battery module 10,20,30 is all off-line state.It is beneath will explanation, when in off-line state
(for example, temperature is back to normal) after battery module 10,20,30 is all back to normal, how by these battery modules 10,20,30
Involution.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, when carrying out involution, off line is not allowed by the offer electric current of energy converter 50
The battery module 10,20,30 of state charges, but is reached with mutually carrying out charge/discharge between battery module 10,20,30
The balance of voltage between battery module 10,20,30.In addition, master control battery module can be according to multiple battery modules of off line
Individual cells voltage is selected a discharge target battery module and a target charging cell module wherein and is put down stand current limliting
Weighing apparatus, at this in energy-storage system, the battery module with highest cell voltage has minimum electricity as discharge target battery module
The battery module of cell voltage is explained as target charging cell module, but is not limited thereto.
In this case 3rd embodiment, whether it is less than setting according to the voltage difference between each cell voltage and highest cell voltage
Value, to determine mode of operation.
Situation 1: the voltage difference between current minimum cell voltage and highest cell voltage is less than setting value: in this situation
Under, switch 13 or 23 or 33 is opened, to allow the two battery module energy Fast-Balances.
Situation 2: the voltage difference between current minimum cell voltage and highest cell voltage is greater than the set value, highest battery electricity
The battery module of pressure carries out current-limiting charge to the battery module of minimum cell voltage, at this point, the battery module of highest cell voltage
Open switch.In one embodiment, switch is realized by metal oxide semiconductcor field effect transistor (MOSFET), highest battery
The battery module of voltage charges to selected battery module with preparation then by switch operation in the saturation zone state of standard-sized sheet.And most
The battery module of low battery voltages opens switch, by switch operation in linear zone, to have both metering function, to receive ceiling voltage
Battery module charging.
For the above example, cell voltage is respectively battery module 30, battery module 20 and battery module 10 from low to high.By
The battery module 10 of highest cell voltage charges to the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage.So battery module 30
Switch 33 is operated in linear zone, and the switch 13 of battery module 10 is operated in saturation region.To which battery module 10 can pass through
Dc bus 60 and to battery module 30 carry out current-limiting charge.In the present embodiment, the battery module 10 of highest cell voltage with
Low current charges to the battery module 30 of minimum cell voltage, and charging current can be but be not limited to 2A.In other realities
It applies in example, the battery module of highest cell voltage can also be charged with battery module of the high current to minimum cell voltage, to save
Charging time.With the progress of charging operations, the voltage of battery module 10 is gradually reduced, and the voltage of battery module 30 is then gradually
Rise.
When the voltage difference between the voltage of battery module 30 and the voltage of battery module 10 is less than setting value, battery module
30 switch 33 is operable in the saturation zone state of standard-sized sheet, flat to allow battery module 30 and battery module 10 that can be rapidly achieved voltage
Weighing apparatus.
It, can after completing the balance to the battery module 30 of the battery module 10 and minimum cell voltage of highest cell voltage
According to aforesaid way again again to the battery module of the current highest cell voltage in energy-storage system 100 and current minimum cell voltage
Battery module be balanced, details does not repeat herein.
So in all battery modules 10,20,30 all up between balance or 10,20,30 the two of all battery modules
When voltage difference is smaller than setting value, the switch 13,23,33 in all battery modules 10,20,30 can be opened, will be owned
On 10,20,30 carry to dc bus 60 of battery module, to complete online involution.
It note that in this case 3rd embodiment, it, can after all battery modules 10,20,30 complete carry (involution)
It is charged by all online battery modules 10,20,30 of the energy converter 50 to energy-storage system 100.
That is, in this case 3rd embodiment, in the case where energy-storage system 100 is in charged state, if not connecing in real time
By energy converter 50 charging when, under static condition, can allow the battery module of ceiling voltage with current-limiting mode to minimum
The battery module of voltage charges, to allow two battery modules that can reach balance.
Fourth embodiment-standing current limliting balance
It is shown now referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 and showing for current limliting balance involution is being stood according to the energy-storage system of this case fourth embodiment
It is intended to.As shown in fig. 7, including: battery module 10B, 20B, 30B according to the energy-storage system 100A of this case fourth embodiment.
It should be noted that battery module 10B, 20B, 30B are coupled to through discharge bus 90 in energy-storage system 100A
DC/DC converter 80, in one embodiment, DC/DC converter 80 are, for example, but are not only restricted to the DC/DC converter of 48V/2A,
And DC/DC converter 80 is coupled to dc bus 60.
Battery module 10B includes: battery pack 11, battery management system 12, switch 13 and 14.In the same manner, battery module 20B
It include: battery pack 21, battery management system 22, switch 23 and 24.Battery module 30B includes: battery pack 31, battery management system
32, switch 33 and 34.Switch 14,24 and 34 is coupled to discharge bus 90.It is total that the input terminal of DC/DC converter 80 is coupled to electric discharge
Line 90, and the output end of DC/DC converter 80 is coupled to dc bus 60.Wherein, switch 13,23 belongs to low current with 33 and opens
It closes, for controlling whether battery module 10B, 20B, 30B are connected to dc bus 60；And switch 14,24 and 34 belongs to high current
Switch, to control whether battery module 10B, 20B, 30B are connected to discharge bus 90.
It communicates with one another between battery management system 12,22,32, therefore all battery management systems 12,22,32 can be known
The mutual cell voltage in road.In this, it is assumed that cell voltage is respectively battery module 30B, battery module 20B and electricity from low to high
Pond module 10B, wherein it is assumed that the voltage of the battery pack 31 of battery module 30B is the battery pack 21 of 44V, battery module 20B
Voltage is that the voltage of the battery pack 11 of 48V and battery module 10B is 52V.Battery module 10B, 20B, 30B are all off line shape at present
State.It is beneath to illustrate, (for example, temperature is replied after battery module 10B, 20B, 30B in off-line state are all back to normal
Normally), how by these battery modules 10B, 20B, 30B involution.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, when carrying out involution,
Not electric current is provided to allow the battery module 10,20,30 of off-line state to charge by energy converter 50, but with battery mould
Charge/discharge is carried out between block 10,20,30 mutually to reach the balance of voltage between battery module 10,20,30.In addition, master control battery
Module can select wherein a discharge target battery module and one according to the Individual cells voltage of multiple battery modules of off line
Target charging cell module balances stand current limliting, at this to have the battery mould of highest cell voltage in energy-storage system
Block as discharge target battery module, say as target charging cell module by the battery module with minimum cell voltage
It is bright, but be not limited thereto.
In this case fourth embodiment, whether it is less than setting according to the voltage difference between each cell voltage and highest cell voltage
Value, to determine mode of operation.
Situation 1: the voltage difference between current minimum cell voltage and highest cell voltage is less than setting value: in this situation
Under, switch 13 or 23 or 33 is opened, allows the two battery module energy Fast-Balances to pass through dc bus 60.
Situation 2: the voltage difference between current minimum cell voltage and highest cell voltage is greater than the set value, then highest battery
The battery module of voltage carries out current-limiting charge to the battery module of minimum cell voltage, at this point, the battery mould of highest cell voltage
Block 10B opens switch 14, to export electric energy to DC/DC converter 80 by discharge bus 90.Electricity through DC/DC converter 80
After pressure conversion, DC/DC converter 80 charges to the battery module 30B of minimum cell voltage through dc bus 60.At this point, most
The switch 33 of the battery module 30B of low battery voltages is in the conductive state, and the switch of the battery module 10B of highest cell voltage
13, it the switch 23,24 of battery module 20B and does not turn on.
Also that is, in this case fourth embodiment, metering function is realized by DC/DC converter 80, because of DC/DC converter
80 output electric current can have the upper limit (such as 2A), be damaged suddenly by large current charge to avoid battery module.
For the above example, cell voltage is respectively battery module 30B, battery module 20B and battery module from low to high
10B.At first by ceiling voltage battery module 10B (the chosen battery module to be discharged is also referred to as discharge target battery module)
Minimum voltage battery module 30B (chosen battery to be charged module is also referred to as target charging cell module) is filled
Electricity.The switch 33 of battery module 30B is connected, and the switch 14 of battery module 10B is also switched on.To which battery module 10B can pass through
Discharge bus 90 is discharged to DC/DC converter 80, and then is coupled to dc bus 60 and charges to battery module 30B.Namely
It says, the electric energy of battery module 10B is sent through switch 14 and via discharge bus 90 to DC/DC converter 80, and then, DC/DC turns
After parallel operation 80 carries out DC/DC conversion, electric energy is sent to dc bus 60, and is opened by the way that battery module 30B is in the conductive state
33 are closed to charge to battery module 30B.Although should be noted that discharge target battery module is to single in the present embodiment
Target charging cell module charges, however in other embodiments, target charging cell module can be it is multiple, as long as each mesh
It is similar to mark battery behavior, voltage between charging cell module etc., discharge target battery module can simultaneously charge to multiple targets electric
Pond module charges, and is not limited with ones listed.
With the progress of charging operations, the voltage of battery module 10B is gradually reduced, and the voltage of battery module 30B then by
Gradually rise.
When the voltage difference between the voltage of battery module 30B and the voltage of battery module 10B is less than setting value, battery mould
The switch 33 of block 30B can continue to be held on.Meanwhile the switch 14 of battery module 10B is closed, disconnect battery module 10B and DC/
The conducting of DC converter 80 makes electric energy be no longer flow towards DC/DC converter 80 (that is, close current-limiting function), then allows battery module
The switch 13 of 10B is connected, to be couple to dc bus 60 and directly quickly charge to battery module 30B, to allow battery module 10B
It can Fast-Balance between battery module 30B.
Similarly, when completing to the battery module 30B's of the battery module 10B and minimum cell voltage of highest cell voltage
After balance, can according to aforesaid way again again to the battery module of the current highest cell voltage in energy-storage system 100A and at present most
The battery module of low battery voltages is balanced, and details does not repeat herein.
By this case fourth embodiment, balance or all battery modules are all reached in all battery module 10B, 20B, 30B
It, can be by the switch in all battery module 10B, 20B, 30B when 10B, 20B, 30B appoint the voltage difference of the two to be smaller than setting value
13, it 23,33 opens, by all battery module 10B, 20B, 30B carries to dc bus 60, to complete online involution.
Note that in this case fourth embodiment, all battery module 10B, 20B, 30B complete carry (involution) it
Afterwards, it can be charged by energy converter 50 all online battery module 10B, 20B, 30B to energy-storage system 100.
That is, in this case fourth embodiment, in the case where energy-storage system 100A is in charged state, if not connecing in real time
By energy converter 50 charging when, under static condition, can allow the battery module of ceiling voltage with current-limiting mode to minimum
The battery module of voltage charges, to allow two battery modules that can reach balance.
Now referring to Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C, the connection control flow chart according to another embodiment of this case is shown, by off line
Battery module involution (carry).In principle, the flow chart of Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C may include that (second implements above-mentioned charging balancing method
Example) and stand current limliting balancing method (third and fourth embodiment).
In step 805, each battery module periodically return (such as but being not only restricted to, return per second) individual communication state with
Maximum charge/discharge current itself gives master control battery module, wherein communications status refers to that the battery module is in online or off line.
In step 810, after master control battery module arranges the reported informations of all battery modules, the judgement of master control battery module is in communication
The maximum voltage difference of all battery modules in state, that is, the highest battery voltage value in those battery modules subtracts those
Whether the minimum battery voltage value in battery module is more than setting value.Here, " being in communications status " refers to, the battery module
It can still communicate in master control battery module.Also that is, if the communication between the battery module and master control battery module has been broken news, then
The battery module is claimed to be in disconnected news state.
If the maximum voltage difference of all battery modules in communication online state is more than setting value, process is connected
To step 815；Conversely, process subsequently enters step 820.
In step 815, if the battery module for being online to dc bus at present does not have minimum cell voltage, yet
It is to say, if at present in the online battery module to dc bus, being in minimum cell voltage electricity in communications status not comprising having
Battery module with minimum cell voltage at this time first by all battery module off lines, then is mounted to dc bus by pond module
60.In step 820, the control of master control battery module is by all battery modules are in parallel and carry is to dc bus 60.
Step 817 is about the charging balancing method of second embodiment, and step 847 is about third and fourth embodiment
Stand current limliting balancing method.Step 817 includes step 825-845, and step 847 includes step 850-867.
In step 825, after the reported information that all battery modules are arranged by master control battery module, energy converter is notified
50, to allow energy converter 50 to set charging current or charging voltage accordingly.
In step 830, judge whether to charge to energy-storage system using energy converter by master control battery module, this
Charge balancing method.If step 830 be it is yes, process subsequently enters step 835；If step 830 be it is no, process subsequently enters
Step 850 in step 847.
In step 835, judge whether that carry is completed in the battery module of all off lines by master control battery module.If step
Rapid 835 be it is yes, then end step 817, enter subsequent step 870；If step 835 be it is no, process subsequently enters step
840。
In step 840, each battery module of off line judges between the cell voltage of itself and the voltage of dc bus
Whether voltage difference is less than setting value.If step 840 is yes, process execution step 845, cell voltage itself and direct current is total
Voltage difference between line voltage is less than on the battery module carry to dc bus of setting value.If step 840 be it is no, flow
Cheng Zhihang step 842, energy converter charge to the battery module for being mounted to dc bus.After having carried out step 842, stream
Cheng Huizhi step 830 is judged whether to charge to energy-storage system using energy converter by master control battery module.
On the other hand, if step 830 be it is no, also that is, not utilizing energy converter to energy-storage system when carrying out carry
It charges, but carries out standing current limliting balancing method, then process subsequently enters step 850, with current-limiting mode by highest cell voltage
Battery module charge to the battery module of minimum cell voltage.Step 850 includes in 3rd embodiment, by highest battery
The battery module of voltage directly charges to the battery module of minimum cell voltage.In addition, step 850 may also comprise fourth embodiment
In, it is charged by the battery module of highest cell voltage through DC/DC converter come the battery module to minimum cell voltage.
In step 855, judge whether the voltage difference between highest cell voltage and minimum cell voltage is less than setting value.
If step 855 is no, step 850 is continued to execute, by the battery module of highest cell voltage to minimum cell voltage
Battery module charge, until the two voltage difference be less than setting value until.
If step 855 is to be, in step 860, current-limiting function is closed, two battery modules is allowed to be couple to directly
Bus (for example, conducting switch 13,23 and 33 etc.) is flowed, to reach Fast-Balance.
Then, in step 865, judge whether that the battery module of all off lines is completed off line and puts down by master control battery module
Weighing apparatus, that is, the voltage difference of the two is appointed to be less than setting value among the battery module of all off lines.If step 865 be it is yes, represent
Off line balance is all completed in all battery modules, enters step 867 at this time, and all battery modules for completing off line balance are hung
It carries, process is made to return to the step 835 in step 817.Off line balance and all battery modules is all completed in all battery modules
It is mounted to after dc bus, charges to all battery modules for being mounted to dc bus, in one embodiment, by master control battery
After module arranges the reported information of all battery modules, notifies energy converter 50, filled with allowing energy converter 50 to set accordingly
Electric current or charging voltage, as shown in step 870.If step 865 be it is no, process is back to step 850.
It as can be seen from the above embodiments,, can be saturating if carrying out the more battery modules of carry if energy-storage system needs to expand capacity
Above-mentioned second is crossed to fourth embodiment, the battery module carry that will automatically expand, it is possible to reduce the trouble of artificial carry.
Certainly, if it find that there is battery module failed, if needing replacement, through the above-mentioned first embodiment of this case, also
It can be achieved to be inserted into the heat of fail battery module.
In addition, " switching on and shutting down button " is arranged in the battery module more property of can choose in this case in other possible embodiments.Response
In user's operation, which can allow battery module to be switched on.Either, it is operated in response to user, which presses
Button can be forced the battery module in online state being switched to off-line state, to facilitate the maintenance maintenance worker for carrying out routine
Make etc..
In this case above-described embodiment, by the software controlling technique of battery management system, the design for hardware circuit of arranging in pairs or groups,
With directly parallel inexpensive framework, elastic demand of the energy-storage system for capacity extensions can be met.
What is more, those above-mentioned embodiments of this case can realize off line/online Auto-Sensing and control.Moreover, this case is above-mentioned
Those embodiments are penetrated using automatic off line/online, and (over-discharge is overcharged, overheated) can be used extremely to avoid battery module.And
And after waiting abnormal battery module state to restore normal, those above-mentioned embodiments of this case can by automatic resetting return upper ray mode.
In addition, the battery module of different characteristics can be used in same energy-storage system in those above-mentioned embodiments of this case.
It is so more conducive to reduce the implicit costs of energy-storage system.
Although however, it is not to limit the invention in conclusion the present invention is disclosed as above with embodiment.Institute of the present invention
Belong to those of ordinary skill in technical field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can be used for a variety of modifications and variations.
Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is subject to view appended claims institute defender.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules, which includes:
Each those battery modules return individual communication state and individual maximum charge/discharge currents give a master control of those battery modules
Battery module；
The master control battery module notifies an energy converter accordingly, to allow the energy converter to set a maximum charge/discharge accordingly
Electric current；
When the judgement of one first battery module of those battery modules in online state itself prepares off line, first battery
Module notifies the master control battery module, downgrades the maximum charge/discharge to allow the master control battery module to be notified to the energy converter
Electric current；And
First battery module for preparing off line carries out off line.
2. the control method of energy-storage system as described in claim 1, wherein further include:
After the first battery module off line, by first battery module of off line, by one, number itself notifies the master control battery
Module.
3. the control method of energy-storage system as described in claim 1, wherein first battery module for preparing off line is taken off
The step of machine includes:
First battery module for preparing off line disconnects a switch in a dc bus, to complete off line.
4. the control method of energy-storage system as described in claim 1, further includes:
Judge whether the quantity still in those battery modules of online state is 0 by the master control battery module, either, by this
Master control battery module judges whether those battery modules still in online state do not have electric energy all；And
If the judgment is Yes, then the master control battery module notifies the energy converter, to allow the energy converter to stop to those
The electric energy of battery module extracts.
5. the control method of energy-storage system as described in claim 1, further includes:
In response to user's operation, a switching on and shutting down button of the battery module allows the battery module to be switched on；Either,
In response to user's operation, which forces the battery module in online state being switched to off-line state.
6. a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules, which includes:
According to the Individual cells voltage of those battery modules of off line, it is notified to by a master control battery module of those battery modules
One energy converter, to allow the energy converter to set a charging voltage or a charging current on a dc bus；And
Between a battery module of those battery modules detects the charging voltage on cell voltage itself and the dc bus
A voltage difference less than a setting value when, the battery module carry to the dc bus.
7. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 6, wherein
The charging voltage on the dc bus is incremental.
8. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 7, wherein according to the Individual cells electricity of those battery modules
Pressure, by a minimum cell voltage to a highest cell voltage, those battery modules sequentially carry to the dc bus.
9. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 6, further includes:
In response to user's operation, a switching on and shutting down button of the battery module allows the battery module to be switched on；Either,
In response to user's operation, which forces the battery module in online state being switched to off-line state.
10. a kind of control method of energy-storage system, which includes multiple battery modules, which includes:
According to the Individual cells voltage of those battery modules of off line, by those battery modules a master control battery module from this
A discharge target battery module and a target charging cell module are selected in a little battery modules；
When the voltage difference between the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module is greater than a setting value, the target
Discharge battery module carries out current-limiting charge to the target charging cell module；And
When the individual voltage difference between all any the two of those battery modules is less than the setting value, by those all battery modules
Carry is to a dc bus.
11. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 10, wherein
The discharge target battery module is to have a highest cell voltage in those battery modules；And
The target charging cell module is to have a minimum cell voltage in those battery modules.
12. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 10, wherein
When the voltage difference between the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module is greater than the setting value, the target
One switch of discharge battery module is a full-gear, and a switch of the target charging cell module is in a limited current state,
To receive the charging of the discharge target battery module；And
When the voltage difference between the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module is less than the setting value, the target
The switch of discharge battery module and the switch of the target charging cell module are all in the full-gear, make the discharge target
Battery module and the target rechargeable battery reach the balance of voltage.
13. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 10, wherein
When the voltage difference between the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module is greater than the setting value, the target
Discharge battery module carries out current-limiting charge to the target charging cell module via a discharge bus and a DC/DC converter；With
And
When the voltage difference between the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module is less than the setting value, the target
Discharge battery module disconnects the conducting with the DC/DC converter, the discharge target battery module and the target charging cell module
The dc bus is coupled to reach the balance of voltage.
14. the control method of energy-storage system as claimed in claim 10, further includes:
In response to user's operation, a switching on and shutting down button of the battery module allows the battery module to be switched on；Either,
In response to user's operation, which forces the battery module in online state being switched to off-line state.
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| CN114301130A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Forced equalizing charging method and device |
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| TWI795943B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-03-11 | 加百裕工業股份有限公司 | Battery management method and battery management system |
| CN116130813B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-06-20 | 深圳市铂纳特斯自动化科技有限公司 | Large-scale battery formation control method, device and medium |
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| CN109995146B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
| CN113612311A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
| TW201931662A (en) | 2019-08-01 |
| TWI644467B (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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