CN109991494B - Electric-thermal coupling system fault early warning method and early warning device - Google Patents
Electric-thermal coupling system fault early warning method and early warning device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a fault early warning method and an early warning device for an electro-thermal coupling system, wherein the method comprises the steps of acquiring data of elements of the electro-thermal coupling system and determining the initial operating state of the system; sequentially simulating element faults in the electrothermal coupling system, updating data of the system, and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model; and judging whether the load shedding amount exceeds a system load shedding amount threshold value or not, and sending out an early warning signal when the load shedding amount exceeds the system load shedding amount threshold value. The device is connected with the electro-thermal coupling system and the dispatching mechanism respectively. The method simulates the influence of the expected fault on the electro-thermal coupling system based on the current running state of the system, provides an early warning signal for a scheduling mechanism, and accurately and effectively carries out the fault influence prejudgment. The regulating mechanism can propose a coping plan aiming at the fault, and avoids serious loss caused by the actual draft fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault prevention and treatment of various energy systems, in particular to a fault early warning method and an early warning device for an electro-thermal coupling system.
Background
With the large-scale application of heat pump technology, the coupling of power systems and thermodynamic systems is becoming tighter. As shown in fig. 1, the electro-thermal coupling system mainly includes three parts, namely, an electric power system, a thermal system and a heat pump, wherein the heat pump is connected with the thermal system and the electric power system, and consumes electric energy in the electric power system to provide heat energy for the thermal system. The thermodynamic system comprises a plurality of thermodynamic nodes, each thermodynamic node is provided with thermodynamic equipment and a thermodynamic load, the thermodynamic nodes are connected through a pipeline, and water stored in the pipeline is used as a medium to provide heat energy for the thermodynamic load. The power system mainly comprises a plurality of power nodes, each power node is provided with a generator and a power load, and all the power nodes are connected through a circuit.
In daily operation, the failure of any element in a thermal system or an electric system brings great challenges to the safe and reliable operation of the other system, and the reliability problem of the electro-thermal coupling system is gradually emphasized. The existing fault early warning device can only early warn the fault of a single system in a thermodynamic system or an electric power system and cannot process the coupling condition of an electric energy system and a thermal energy system, so that a device capable of effectively early warning the fault in the electric energy system and the thermal energy system is lacked at the present stage. If the existing fault early warning device is still adopted, faults occurring in the thermodynamic system are difficult to be effectively monitored in time, the influence on the electric power system is difficult to be effectively evaluated, further, the faults in the electro-thermal coupling system are difficult to solve, and the system is in greater risk when running safely and stably.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a fault early warning method and an early warning device for an electro-thermal coupling system, which are used for solving the problem that faults occurring in the electro-thermal coupling system cannot be effectively early warned in the prior art, and great threat is caused to the safe and stable operation of the system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a fault early warning method for an electro-thermal coupling system in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element to determine an initial operating state of the system;
sequentially simulating element faults in the electrothermal coupling system, updating data of the system, and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model;
and judging whether the load shedding amount exceeds a system load shedding amount threshold value or not, and sending out an early warning signal when the load shedding amount exceeds the system load shedding amount threshold value.
Further, the initial operating state of the system includes an output power of the generator, a maximum power of the generator, a node voltage, a line electrical power, a node thermal load, an input temperature and an output temperature of the node, an ambient temperature, an electrical power consumed by the heat pump, a thermal power generated, and an electrical to thermal ratio.
Further, the objective function of the optimal model is:
in the formula, LPDiRepresenting the amount of shed power load at node i in the power network, LQDmRepresenting the amount of thermal load shedding at node m in the thermal network.
Further, the constraints of the optimal model comprise power system constraints, thermodynamic system constraints and electrothermal coupling constraints.
Further, the power system constraint conditions include power system node active power and reactive power balance constraints, power system generator output constraints, power system voltage constraints and power system line power flow constraints.
Further, the constraint conditions of the thermodynamic system comprise a thermodynamic system node flow balance constraint, a thermodynamic system pipeline flow constraint, a thermodynamic system node pressure constraint and an electrothermal coupling constraint.
Further, the determining whether the load shedding amount exceeds a system load shedding amount threshold, and when the load shedding amount exceeds the system load shedding amount threshold, sending out an early warning signal specifically includes:
LPD represents the threshold of total electrical load shedding in the power system, LQD*Representing a thermal load shedding total threshold in the thermodynamic system;
and if any one of the formulas is met under the current element fault, sending out an early warning signal.
The invention provides a fault early warning device for an electro-thermal coupling system, which is respectively connected with the electro-thermal coupling system and a scheduling mechanism.
Further, the apparatus comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element and determining the initial operation state of the system;
the fault simulation calculation unit is used for simulating element faults, updating data of the system and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model;
the result pre-judging unit is used for judging whether the load cutting-off quantity exceeds a system load cutting-off quantity threshold value;
and the communication unit is used for sending an early warning signal to the scheduling mechanism when the threshold value is exceeded.
The effect provided in the summary of the invention is only the effect of the embodiment, not all the effects of the invention, and one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of determining the current operation states of a power grid and a heat supply network by obtaining operation data of the power grid and the heat supply network in the electro-thermal coupling system, estimating the possible influence on the electro-thermal coupling system after any element in the power grid or the heat supply network is in fault on the basis of the current operation states, and further giving an early warning signal. The method helps a scheduling mechanism to make a coping strategy, makes a coping plan for the influence possibly caused after the element fails, and has important significance for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the coupling system.
2. After a certain element fault is simulated, the minimum value of the load shedding amount of the power system and the load shedding amount of the thermodynamic system is used as a target function, the load shedding amount of the system under the current element fault is calculated under the constraint condition, and the load shedding amount is compared with a load shedding amount threshold value in the system, so that the influence of the current element fault on the system is judged, and the fault influence prejudgment is accurately and effectively carried out.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art electro-thermal coupling system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for early warning the failure of the electro-thermal coupling system of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element, and determining the initial operation state of the system;
s2, sequentially simulating element faults in the electrothermal coupling system, updating data of the system, and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model;
and S3, judging whether the load cutting amount exceeds a system load cutting amount threshold value or not, and sending out an early warning signal when the load cutting amount exceeds the system load cutting amount threshold value.
In step S1, data of the components of the electro-thermal coupling system are acquired by sensors in the power grid and the thermal power grid, and an initial operating state of the electro-thermal coupling system is determined, which includes: the output power of the generator, the maximum power of the generator, the node voltage, the electric load, the electric power flowing through the line and the like; a thermodynamic system: node thermal load, input and output temperatures of the node, ambient temperature, etc.; a heat pump: consumed electrical power, generated thermal power, and electrical to thermal ratio.
In step S2, sequentially simulating faults of elements in the electro-thermal coupling system, such as heat pumps, generators, lines, etc., based on the initial operating state of the system determined in step S1, where for example, a fault of a generator or a heat pump is taken as an example, after the generator has a fault, the maximum power of the generator is reduced from the initial state value to 0; a heat pump failure would cause the heat pump to no longer convert electrical energy to heat, i.e., the heating ratio drops from the initial state value to 0. After the element fails, the data of the electrical-thermal coupling system is updated, and the optimal model is used for determining the load shedding amount of the system caused by the failure.
The objective function of the optimal model is expressed as the minimum system loss after a fault:
(1) in the formula, LPDiIndicating the amount of power load shedding at node i in the power network, LQDmRepresenting the amount of thermal load shedding at node m in the thermal network.
The constraints include power system constraints, thermal system constraints, and electrothermal coupling constraints.
The power system constraints are:
a) active power and reactive power balance constraint of power system node
(2) In the formula (3), PGiAnd QGiRespectively representing the active and reactive power, P, of the generator at node i in the power networkDiAnd QDiRepresenting active and reactive loads, P, respectively, at node i in the power networkEBiElectric power consumed by the heat pump at node i, ViAnd VjRepresenting the voltages at node i and node j, GijAnd BijRespectively the conductance and susceptance between the node i and the node j; i and j represent the two end points of the line.
b) Power system generator output constraints
(4) In the formula (5), the reaction solution is,
and
respectively representing the lower and upper limits of the active power of the generator at node i,
and
representing the lower and upper limits, respectively, of the reactive power of the generator at node i.
c) Power system voltage constraints
(6) In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
representing the lower and upper limits of the generator voltage at node i, respectively.
d) Power system line flow constraints
Pij＝ViVj(Gijcosθij+Bij sinθij)-Vi 2Gij (7)
(7) In the formula (8), PijAnd
respectively, the electric power flowing through the line between the node i and the node j and the upper limit of the power.
The thermodynamic system constraints are:
e) thermodynamic system node flow balance constraints
(9) Formula (1) - (13) wherein LmRepresenting the water demand of the load at node m, CpRepresents the specific heat capacity of water, phimRepresents the thermal load at node m in the thermodynamic system, phiEBmIs the thermal power, T, of the heat pump at thermodynamic system node m connected to electrical system node ismAnd TrmInput and output temperatures, T, respectively, of the load at node msnAnd TrnInput and output temperatures, τ, respectively, of the load at node nmTotal amount of water injected into node m, taumnIs the water flow of the pipeline between node m and node n, hmAnd hnPressure at node m and node n in the thermodynamic system, KmnIs the impedance coefficient, T, of the pipe between node m and node n in a thermodynamic systemeIs the natural temperature of the outside world, lambda is the transmission impedance of the pipe, dmnThe length of the pipeline between the node m and the node n is defined; m and n respectively represent nodes at two ends of the pipeline.
f) Thermodynamic system pipeline flow restriction
(14) In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
respectively representing the lower limit and the upper limit of the pipeline water flow between the node m and the node n.
g) Thermodynamic system node pressure constraints
(15) In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
representing the lower and upper limits of the pressure at node m, respectively.
Electric-thermal coupling constraint:
(16) wherein Z represents the electric-to-heat ratio of the heat pump connected to the power system node i and the thermal system node m.
In step S3, based on the load shedding amount of the electrical-thermal coupling system under the simulated fault obtained in step S2, whether the system will be affected by the following formula is determined:
(17) (18) formula (I), LPD*Indicating a threshold for total electrical load shedding in an electrical power system, LQD*Representing a thermal load shed total threshold in the thermodynamic system.
If the obtained total cutting amount of the power load or the total cutting amount of the thermal load is larger than the threshold value under a certain fault, namely the formula (17) or (18) is met, the fault is considered to influence the safe operation of the electro-thermal coupling system, and the fault condition is sent to a system regulation and control mechanism at the moment to provide an early warning signal for the regulation and control mechanism. The regulating mechanism can propose a coping plan aiming at the fault, and avoids serious loss caused by the actual draft fault.
As shown in fig. 3, the fault warning apparatus of the electro-thermal coupling system according to the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the electro-thermal coupling system and the scheduling mechanism, respectively. The device comprises a data acquisition unit, a fault simulation unit, a result prejudgment unit and a communication unit. The data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element and determining the initial operating state of the system; the fault simulation calculation unit is used for simulating element faults, updating data of the system and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model; the result pre-judging unit is used for judging whether the load cutting-off quantity exceeds a system load cutting-off quantity threshold value; and the communication unit is used for sending an early warning signal to the scheduling mechanism when the threshold value is exceeded.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A fault early warning method for an electro-thermal coupling system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element to determine an initial operating state of the system;
sequentially simulating element faults in the electro-thermal coupling system, updating data of the system, and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model;
judging whether the load shedding amount exceeds a system load shedding amount threshold value or not, and sending out an early warning signal when the load shedding amount exceeds the system load shedding amount threshold value;
the objective function of the optimal model is as follows:
in the formula, LPDiRepresenting the amount of power load shedding at node i in the power system, N representing the total number of nodes in the power system, LQDmRepresenting the amount of thermal load shedding, M, at node M in a thermodynamic systemRepresenting the total number of nodes in the thermodynamic system;
the constraint conditions of the optimal model comprise power system constraint conditions and thermodynamic system constraint conditions;
the thermodynamic system constraint conditions comprise thermodynamic system node flow balance constraint, thermodynamic system pipeline flow constraint, thermodynamic system node pressure constraint and electrothermal coupling constraint, and specifically comprise the following steps:
thermodynamic system node flow balance constraints
(9) Formula (1) - (13) wherein LmRepresenting the water demand of the load at node m, CpDenotes the specific heat capacity of water,. phimRepresents the thermal load at node m in the thermodynamic system, phiEBmIs the thermal power, T, of the heat pump at thermodynamic system node m connected to electrical system node ismAnd TrmInput and output temperatures, T, respectively, of the load at node msnAnd TrnInput and output temperatures, τ, respectively, of the load at node nmTotal amount of water injected into node m, taumnFor water flow in a pipe between node m and node nAmount hmAnd hnPressure at node m and node n in the thermodynamic system, KmnIs the impedance coefficient, T, of the pipe between node m and node n in a thermodynamic systemeIs the natural temperature of the outside world, lambda is the transmission impedance of the pipe, dmnThe length of the pipeline between the node m and the node n is defined; m and n respectively represent nodes at two ends of the pipeline;
thermodynamic system pipeline flow restriction
(14) In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification, mnτand
respectively representing the lower limit and the upper limit of the pipeline water flow between the node m and the node n;
thermodynamic system node pressure constraints
(15) In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification, mhand
respectively representing the lower limit and the upper limit of the pressure at the node m;
constraint of electrothermal coupling
(16) Wherein Z represents the electric-to-heat ratio of the heat pump connected to the power system node i and the thermal system node m.
2. The fault pre-warning method for the electro-thermal coupling system according to claim 1, wherein the initial operation state of the system comprises output power of the generator, maximum power of the generator, node voltage, line electric power, node thermal load, input and output temperatures of the node, ambient temperature, electric power consumed by the heat pump, generated thermal power and electric-to-heat ratio.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the power system constraints include power system node active and reactive power balance constraints, power system generator output constraints, power system voltage constraints, and power system line flow constraints.
4. The method for early warning the fault of the electro-thermal coupling system according to claim 1, wherein the step of judging whether the load shedding amount exceeds a system load shedding amount threshold value or not and sending out an early warning signal when the load shedding amount exceeds the system load shedding amount threshold value is specifically as follows:
and if any one of the formulas is met under the current element fault, sending out an early warning signal.
5. A device for early warning of faults in electro-thermo-mechanical coupling systems, said device comprising functional units for performing the method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that said device is connected to the electro-thermo-mechanical coupling system and to a scheduling mechanism, respectively.
6. An electro-thermally coupled system fault warning device according to claim 5, wherein the functional unit comprises:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the electro-thermal coupling system element and determining the initial operation state of the system;
the fault simulation calculation unit is used for simulating element faults, updating data of the system and determining load shedding amount of the current fault on the system by adopting an optimal model;
the result pre-judging unit is used for judging whether the load cutting-off quantity exceeds a system load cutting-off quantity threshold value;
and the communication unit is used for sending an early warning signal to the scheduling mechanism when the threshold value is exceeded.
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| CN109031952A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 河海大学 | A kind of electric-gas interconnection integrated energy system mixing control method |
| CN109510196A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-22 | 燕山大学 | A kind of fault recovery betting model based on electric-gas coupled system |
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| US4438342A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1984-03-20 | Kenyon Keith E | Novel hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN108347052A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-31 | 广州供电局有限公司 | A kind of trouble-saving and control method of electric-thermal coupling multipotency streaming system |
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