CN109989956B - Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system - Google Patents
Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109989956B CN109989956B CN201910237307.6A CN201910237307A CN109989956B CN 109989956 B CN109989956 B CN 109989956B CN 201910237307 A CN201910237307 A CN 201910237307A CN 109989956 B CN109989956 B CN 109989956B
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- valve
- hydraulic
- shaft hole
- valve body
- hydraulic cylinder
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
- F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/001—Servomotor systems with fluidic control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic valve and a hydraulic system, wherein the hydraulic valve comprises an upper cover (1), a valve core (2) penetrating through the upper cover (1), a valve sleeve (3) sleeved on the valve core (2), a valve body (4) supporting the valve core (2) to slide and a lower cover (5) fixedly connected with the valve body (4), a first shaft hole (41), a second shaft hole (42) and a third shaft hole (43) are formed in the valve body (4) from top to bottom, and a first buffer structure is arranged on the valve body (4); the hydraulic system comprises the hydraulic valve, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder (6) connected with the hydraulic valve and an oil tank (7). The invention improves the stability and reliability of the hydraulic valve in the working process, effectively prevents the fluctuation and impact generated in the reversing process of the hydraulic cylinder and improves the stability of the hydraulic system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic control, in particular to a hydraulic valve and a hydraulic system.
Background
The hydraulic servo system enables the output of the system, such as displacement, speed or force, to automatically, quickly and accurately follow the changes in input while the output power is greatly amplified. The hydraulic servo system has been widely used in industrial control with the unique advantages of high response speed, high load stiffness, high control power, etc. The core component of the hydraulic servo system is a hydraulic servo valve.
The land portion of a conventional hydraulic servo valve spool is generally disposed flush with the undercut of the valve body and may experience abrupt changes in flow during operation of the servo valve. That is, such abrupt changes in flow rate are caused by abrupt changes in the area provided by the straight line structure of the land portion. The structure makes the hydraulic servo valve easy to generate larger transmission fluctuation in the working process, and the system is unstable.
The invention patent application number 200880012950.9 discloses a pilot valve comprising: (a) A valve body having an inlet, a return, and a control pressure port in fluid communication with a subsequent valve element; (b) A shaft bore formed in the valve body and in fluid communication with each of the inlet, return and control pressure ports; (c) A valve spool slidably supported within the shaft bore of the valve body, the valve spool configured to control fluid flow through the inlet port, the return port, and the control pressure port, and when moved, vary a rate of change of area of at least one of the inlet port and the pressure return port, thereby providing variable resistance to fluid flowing therethrough and reducing a static power of the pilot valve; (d) A displacement device selectively displaces the valve spool within the shaft bore adjacent the inlet port, the return port, and the control pressure port to dispense fluid therethrough to provide a desired control pressure to a subsequent valve element.
The invention patent with application number 201510238990.7 discloses a hydraulic servo valve and a hydraulic servo system, and the hydraulic servo valve comprises a valve body and a valve core, wherein two lug bosses are arranged at two lug bosses of the valve core.
Said invented patent designs the buffer structure on the valve core, the impact force received by valve core is still higher than that received by valve body, so that it is more easy to wear and result in leakage of hydraulic valve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the hydraulic valve and the hydraulic system, which can reduce the impact on the valve core, effectively reduce and prevent the fluctuation and impact generated in the reversing process of the hydraulic cylinder, and are suitable for the conditions of high flow and high speed and also suitable for micro environments. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hydraulic valve comprises an upper cover, a valve core penetrating through the upper cover, a valve sleeve sleeved on the valve core, a valve body supporting the valve core to slide, and a lower cover which is positioned at the lowest part and fixedly connected with the valve body, wherein a first shaft hole, a second shaft hole and a third shaft hole are formed in the valve body from top to bottom, and a first buffer structure is arranged on the valve body.
The buffer structure is used for enabling the switching change of the valve to be gentle, reducing impact on the valve core and the valve body and improving stability of the hydraulic valve.
Preferably, first buffer structures are respectively arranged between the second shaft hole and the first shaft hole and between the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole, the first buffer structures are balls, and the valve core is in contact with the balls. Wherein the first shaft hole, the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole are not all located on the same side of the valve core, namely, the first shaft hole, the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole are located on different vertical surfaces. A plurality of shaft holes are formed in the hydraulic valve and are respectively communicated with a T cavity, an A cavity and a P cavity of the hydraulic valve. The cavity is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder to form a stable hydraulic system.
The position of the ball is the position of the control port, and the movement of the valve core drives the ball to roll to control the switch of the control port. When the control port is opened, the cambered surface of the ball can generate a drainage effect on liquid in the hydraulic valve, so that the impact force born by the valve core is reduced. The ball bearing can also be provided with a ball support structure which is used for fixing the ball bearing on one hand and blocking the circulation of fluid in the hydraulic valve on the other hand. The buffer structure is arranged on the valve body, so that the impact of the valve core can be reduced, and the abrasion of the valve core is reduced.
Preferably, a second buffer structure is further arranged on the valve core.
Preferably, two shoulder parts on the valve core are respectively provided with a second buffer structure, the second buffer structure is a first buffer section and a second buffer section, and the distance between the first buffer section and the second buffer section is larger than or equal to the aperture of the second shaft hole. That is, when two shoulders on the valve core are in the middle position, the second shaft hole is just closed, and the valve core has the function of simultaneously closing the upper control port and the lower control port or independently closing any control port at the second shaft hole.
Preferably, the configuration of the first and second buffer sections is a linear configuration or a non-linear configuration or a combination of linear and non-linear configurations. Further, the first and second buffer segments include a curvilinear configuration, a tapered configuration, a boss configuration, and the like.
Preferably, the upper cover is fixedly connected with the valve body through a bolt, and the lower cover is fixedly connected with the valve body through a bolt.
A hydraulic system adopts the hydraulic valve. Further, the hydraulic valve with the first buffer structure on the valve body or the hydraulic valve with the first buffer structure on the valve body and the second buffer structure on the valve core is adopted. shaou
Preferably, the hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic cylinder connected with the hydraulic valve, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston arranged in the cylinder body and a piston rod used for controlling the movement of the piston, and the piston divides the cylinder body into a hydraulic cylinder upper cavity and a hydraulic cylinder lower cavity which are not communicated with each other; the hydraulic pump is communicated with the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, and the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the third shaft hole through a pipeline; the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the second shaft hole through a pipeline; the first shaft hole is communicated with the oil tank through a pipeline.
Preferably, the piston rod is fixedly connected with the valve body. The piston rod moves up and down to drive the valve body to move, so that the two control ports are opened and closed.
When the hydraulic system is used, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump enters the hydraulic system. When the valve core is in the middle position, the two control ports are in a closed state, and pressure oil does not flow. When the valve core is driven by the machine to move upwards, the lower control port is opened, pressure oil filled in the P cavity enters the A cavity from the lower control port, flows to the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder along the second shaft hole and the pipeline, and pushes the piston rod to move upwards, so that the pressure oil in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder flows back to the P cavity along the pipeline and the third shaft hole. The piston rod drives the valve body to move upwards together, and the lower control port is gradually closed. During this operation, the movement speed of the piston rod is proportional to the opening size of the lower control port.
Similarly, when the valve core moves downwards, the upper control port is opened, pressure oil enters the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod is pushed to move downwards, so that the pressure oil in the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder flows into the cavity A along the pipeline and the second shaft hole, then enters the cavity T through the upper control port, and finally flows into the oil tank along the first shaft hole and the pipeline.
The hydraulic cylinder is fixed, the piston rod is fixedly connected with the valve body, and when the upper control port and the lower control port are opened, the valve body and the piston rod move along with the upper control port and the lower control port, so that a hydraulic servo system is formed. Because the valve body at the upper control port and the lower control port is provided with the first buffer structure or the valve body is provided with the first buffer structure and the valve core is provided with the second buffer structure, the impact force on the valve body and the valve core caused by the sudden opening of the control port can be greatly reduced, the valve body and the valve core can be opened or closed smoothly, and the stability of the system is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: stability and reliability of the hydraulic valve in the working process are improved, fluctuation and impact generated in the reversing process of the hydraulic cylinder are effectively prevented, and stability of the hydraulic servo system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a hydraulic valve in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic valve in embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the hydraulic valve in embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the hydraulic valve in example 4;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a partial structure of the valve cartridge in example 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic servo system;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the positional relationship of the ball and the ball holder.
Reference numerals:
1. an upper cover; 2. a valve core; 21. a first buffer section; 22. a second buffer section; 3. a valve sleeve; 4. a valve body; 41. a first shaft hole; 42. a second shaft hole; 43. a third shaft hole; 440. a ball; 4401. a ball support structure; 441. chamfering; 45. an upper control port; 46. a lower control port; 47. a T cavity; 48. a cavity A; 49. a P cavity; 5. a lower cover; 6. a hydraulic cylinder; 61. a cylinder; 611. an upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder; 612. a hydraulic cylinder lower cavity; 62. a piston; 63. a piston rod; 7. and an oil tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following examples, and it is obvious that the described examples are only some of the examples of the present invention, but not all of the examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hydraulic valve, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises an upper cover 1 from top to bottom and from inside to outside, a valve core 2 penetrating through the upper cover 1, a valve sleeve 3 sleeved on the valve core 2, a valve body 4 supporting the valve core 2 to slide and a lower cover 5. The upper cover 1 is fixedly connected with the valve body 4 through bolts, and the lower cover 4 is fixedly connected with the valve body 4 through bolts.
The valve body 4 is internally provided with a first shaft hole 41, a second shaft hole 42 and a third shaft hole 43 from top to bottom. First buffer structures, which are balls 440, are provided between the second shaft hole 42 and the first shaft hole 41 and between the second shaft hole 42 and the third shaft hole 43, respectively, and the valve body 2 is in contact with the balls 440.
A ball bearing structure 4401 may also be provided at the ball 440 for securing the ball 440 on the one hand and blocking the flow of fluid in the hydraulic valve on the other hand. The positional relationship between the balls 440 and the ball support structure 4401 is shown in fig. 7.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 2, first buffer structures, which are chamfers 441, are provided between the second shaft hole 42 and the first shaft hole 41, and between the second shaft hole 42 and the third shaft hole 43, respectively.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the hydraulic valve includes a first buffer structure and a second buffer structure as shown in fig. 3. The first buffer structure is enclosed between the second shaft hole 42 and the first shaft hole 41, and between the second shaft hole 42 and the third shaft hole 43; the second buffer structure includes a first buffer section 21 and a second buffer section 22 provided respectively at two land portions on the spool 2, and a distance between the first buffer section 21 and the second buffer section 22 is greater than or equal to a bore diameter of the second shaft hole 42.
The configuration of the first and second buffer sections 21, 22 is either a linear configuration or a nonlinear configuration or a combination of linear and nonlinear configurations. In the present embodiment, the first buffer section 21 and the second buffer section 22 are configured in a circular arc shape.
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that the second buffer structure includes a first buffer section 21 and a second buffer section 22 provided respectively at two land portions on the spool 2 as shown in fig. 4, and the spool structure is such that the distance between the first buffer section 21 and the second buffer section 22 is greater than or equal to the aperture of the second shaft hole 42 as shown in fig. 5 (a). The configuration of the first and second buffer sections 21, 22 is either a linear configuration or a nonlinear configuration or a combination of linear and nonlinear configurations. As shown in fig. 5 (b), in the present embodiment, the first buffer section 21 and the second buffer section 22 are configured in a boss shape.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 6, a hydraulic system including, but not limited to, the hydraulic valves described in the above embodiments 1 to 4, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder 6 connected to the hydraulic valves, and a tank 7, the hydraulic cylinder 6 including a cylinder body 61, a piston 62 provided inside the cylinder body 61, and a piston rod 63 for controlling the movement of the piston 62, the piston 62 dividing the inside of the cylinder body 61 into a cylinder upper chamber 611 and a cylinder lower chamber 612 that are not communicated with each other; the piston rod 63 is fixedly connected with the valve body 4.
The hydraulic pump is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder upper cavity 611 through a pipeline, and the hydraulic cylinder upper cavity 611 is communicated with the third shaft hole 43 through a pipeline; the hydraulic cylinder lower cavity 612 is communicated with the second shaft hole 42 through a pipeline; the first shaft hole 41 communicates with the oil tank 7 through a pipe.
When the hydraulic system is used, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump enters the hydraulic system. When the valve element 2 is in the neutral position, both the upper control port 45 and the lower control port 46 are closed, and the pressure oil does not flow. When the valve core 2 is mechanically driven to move upwards, the lower control port 46 is opened, the pressure oil filled in the P cavity 49 enters the A cavity 47 from the lower control port 46, flows to the lower hydraulic cylinder cavity 612 along the second shaft hole 42 and the pipeline, and pushes the piston rod 63 to move upwards, so that the pressure oil in the upper hydraulic cylinder cavity 611 flows back to the P cavity 49 along the pipeline and the third shaft hole 43. The piston rod 43 drives the valve body 4 to move upward together, and the lower control port 46 is gradually closed. During this operation, the speed of movement of the piston rod 63 is proportional to the size of the opening of the lower control port 46.
Similarly, when the spool 2 moves downward, the upper control port 45 opens, pressurized oil enters the cylinder upper chamber 611, pushing the piston rod 63 downward, so that pressurized oil in the cylinder lower chamber 612 flows into the a chamber 48 along the pipe and the second shaft hole 42, then enters the T chamber 47 through the upper control port 45, and finally flows into the tank 7 along the first shaft hole 41 and the pipe.
The hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed, the piston rod 63 is fixedly connected with the valve body 4, and when the upper control port 45 and the lower control port 46 are opened, the valve body 4 and the piston rod 63 move along with the opening, so that a hydraulic servo system is formed. Due to the buffer structure at the upper control port 45 and the lower control port 46, the impact force applied to the valve body 4 and the valve core 2 is greatly reduced, so that the valve body and the valve core 2 are opened or closed smoothly, and the stability of the system is improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hydraulic valve, characterized by: the valve comprises an upper cover (1), a valve core (2) penetrating through the upper cover (1), a valve sleeve (3) sleeved on the valve core (2), a valve body (4) supporting the valve core (2) to slide and a lower cover (5) fixedly connected with the valve body (4), wherein a first shaft hole (41), a second shaft hole (42) and a third shaft hole (43) are formed in the valve body (4) from top to bottom, and a first buffer structure is arranged on the valve body (4); the first buffer structure is a ball (440), the ball (440) is respectively arranged between the second shaft hole (42) and the first shaft hole (41) and between the second shaft hole (42) and the third shaft hole (43), and the valve core (2) is contacted with the ball (440); two shoulder parts on the valve core (2) are respectively provided with a second buffer structure, the second buffer structure comprises a first buffer section (21) and a second buffer section (22), and the distance between the first buffer section (21) and the second buffer section (22) is larger than or equal to the aperture of the second shaft hole (42).
2. A hydraulic valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the configuration of the first buffer section (21) and the second buffer section (22) is the following structure or a combination thereof: linear configuration, nonlinear configuration.
3. A hydraulic valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper cover (1) is fixedly connected to the valve body (4) by means of a bolt, and the lower cover (5) is fixedly connected to the valve body (4) by means of a bolt.
4. A hydraulic system, characterized in that a hydraulic valve according to any one of claims 1-3 is used.
5. A hydraulic system according to claim 4, further comprising a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder (6) connected to the hydraulic valve and a tank (7); the hydraulic cylinder (6) comprises a cylinder body (61), a piston (62) arranged in the cylinder body (61) and a piston rod (63) for controlling the movement of the piston (62); the piston (62) divides the interior of the cylinder body (61) into a hydraulic cylinder upper cavity (611) and a hydraulic cylinder lower cavity (612) which are not communicated with each other; the hydraulic pump is communicated with the upper cavity (611) of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, and the upper cavity (611) of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the third shaft hole (43) through a pipeline; the hydraulic cylinder lower cavity (612) is communicated with the second shaft hole (42) through a pipeline; the first shaft hole (41) is communicated with the oil tank (7) through a pipeline.
6. A hydraulic system according to claim 5, characterized in that the piston rod (63) is fixedly connected to the valve body (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910237307.6A CN109989956B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910237307.6A CN109989956B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109989956A CN109989956A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| CN109989956B true CN109989956B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910237307.6A Active CN109989956B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system |
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| US5366202A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1994-11-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Displacement controlled hydraulic proportional valve |
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| CN210240165U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-04-03 | 银川市长城液压有限责任公司 | Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system |
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| CA1125142A (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-06-08 | Mac Valves, Inc. | Directional control valve with flow path through valve spool |
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| DE4011908A1 (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-08-08 | Festo Kg | Multi-way control valve - has double action servo cylinder at end of valve element |
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| CN108457921A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-28 | 波音公司 | Shuttle valve with damping |
| CN108591158A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-09-28 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | A kind of high-pressure high-flow two-position four-way pilot operated directional control valve |
| CN210240165U (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-04-03 | 银川市长城液压有限责任公司 | Hydraulic valve and hydraulic system |
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CN109989956A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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