CN109989714A - A kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling uses drill bit - Google Patents

A kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling uses drill bit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109989714A
CN109989714A CN201910367169.3A CN201910367169A CN109989714A CN 109989714 A CN109989714 A CN 109989714A CN 201910367169 A CN201910367169 A CN 201910367169A CN 109989714 A CN109989714 A CN 109989714A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drill bit
bit
rotating speed
gauge
hard formation
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Granted
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CN201910367169.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109989714B (en
Inventor
张凯
高明洋
周琴
周辉峰
王志乔
王瑜
刘宝林
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Priority to CN201910367169.3A priority Critical patent/CN109989714B/en
Publication of CN109989714A publication Critical patent/CN109989714A/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/46Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/54Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/60Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids

Abstract

The present invention relates to geology of deep part exploration coring tools more particularly to a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling to use drill bit.Deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit provided by the invention includes bit body, bit body one end is fixed with connector, the other end is installed with several circumferentially equally distributed bit matrixes, there is interval between two adjacent bit matrixes, be installed with reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth on the working face of bit matrix;It further include several gauges connected with the side wall of bit matrix and the side wall of rotary head body, several gauges and several bit matrixes correspond, the top of gauge and the working face of bit matrix are concordant, there is interval between two neighboring gauge, branch canal is additionally provided in gauge, the top of branch canal and the top of gauge are concordant.Hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed in deep provided by the invention is crept into drill bit rapid heat dissipation, row's fast, with small vibration, anti-stick-slip of powder.

Description

A kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling uses drill bit
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology of deep part exploration coring tool more particularly to a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drillings Use drill bit.
Background technique
When carrying out deep prospecting, domestic and international researcher is frequently with high speed turbodrill resistant to high temperature (2000rpm, line Speed reaches 2.5m/s) collocation diamond-impregnated bit carries out broken rock, but since bit pressure is difficult to effectively load, actual effect is limited. On this basis, domestic and international researcher starts the broken rock mode using ultrahigh rotating speed (8000rpm, linear velocity reach 10m/s), The problem of low bit pressure is difficult to wedging stratum is improved, efficiency of breaking rock is increased substantially, achieves good effect in laboratory.
Uniform diamond particles are added in existing diamond-impregnated bit in bit matrix, and its essence is little particles Diamond as cutting original part, lasted a long time in conventional hard formation, drilling depth it is more.Therefore, impregnated tooth is laid out on wing only Rock, landwaste drainage difficulty under high revolving speed operating condition can be destroyed by the mode being ground;And deep formation environment temperature is excessively high, Due to the presence of geothermal gradient, deep formation (especially geothermal anomaly region) is often with 240 DEG C or more of high temperature, environment The heat collective effect that high temperature and drilling bit high-speed rotary grinding rock generate, conventional artificial's diamond are difficult to protect at such a temperature The mechanical property under room temperature is held, brittleness obviously increases, and drilling life of bit shortens;Due to drilling rod mistake in the probing of deep hard formation Length is difficult to effectively load bit pressure, and drill bit rock breaking capacity is insufficient, still will appear stick-slip phenomenon under the conditions of ultrahigh rotating speed, reduces machine Tool drilling speed;Further, since the utilization of ultrahigh rotating speed technology, drill bit is easy to appear bouncing of drilling tool phenomenon, existing diamond-impregnated bit Impact resistance is insufficient.These factors seriously constrain conventional diamond-impregnated bit to the Efficient Development of geology of deep part resource.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provide that a kind of rapid heat dissipation, row's powder be fast, vibration The deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling of small, anti-stick-slip uses drill bit.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit, including bit body, the bit bodys one End is fixed with connector, the other end is installed with several circumferentially equally distributed bit matrixes, the drill bit tire of adjacent two There is interval between body, be installed with reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth on the working face of the bit matrix;It further include several A gauge connected with the side wall of the bit matrix and the side wall of rotary head body, several described gauges and several described brills The first-born body corresponds, and the top of the gauge is concordant with the working face of the bit matrix, between the two neighboring gauge With interval, branch canal is additionally provided in the gauge, the top of the branch canal is concordant with the top of the gauge.
Preferably, a reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth, institute are installed on the working face of each bit matrix Stating bit matrix is eight, eight reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths towards all the same and be distributed in three radiuses On the circumference of concentric circles of different sizes.
Preferably, the branch canal is the through slot being arranged on the side wall of the gauge.
Preferably, the branch canal includes vertical portion and bending part, the top on the top of the vertical portion and the gauge Hold level with both hands neat, the bottom end of the vertical portion is connected with the top of the bending part, and the bending part tilts down and towards another A gauge.
Preferably, the bending part in several described branch canals towards all the same.
Preferably, the width of the bending part is greater than the width of the vertical portion.
Preferably, the connector is in back taper, and is provided with external screw thread on the side wall of the connector.
Preferably, several bit matrixes is equal in magnitude.
It preferably, include primary abrasive, auxiliary abrasive material and packing material in the bit matrix.
Preferably, the primary abrasive is TSP material;The auxiliary abrasive material include silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, corundum and Boron carbide;The packing material is Sialon series ceramic material.
The present invention provides a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit, the drill bit has rapid heat dissipation, row's powder Fastly, the advantages of with small vibration and anti-stick-slip.Deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling provided by the invention is reinforced with drill bit by setting Type polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth improves the performance that drill bit shoots rock, can form ditch dug with a plow when drill bit is crept into, play one Fixed supporting role, while guaranteeing that arranging powder and drilling fluid passes through, solve the slippage problems when drilling of hard and compact stratum;Orderly Polycrystalline diamond cutting gear mutation drill bit can be made more gently to cut rock, and play a supporting role and facilitate drilling fluid Circulation, landwaste discharge;The reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth of each bit matrix working face insertion, by certain level, vertically Position is distributed, and guarantees that drill bit has lasting rock cutting ability and steadily excessively can reduce drill vibration frequency, guarantee row Powder and drilling fluid pass through, and prevent stick-slip.Deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling provided by the invention passes through setting gauge with drill bit Drill bit can be made to adapt to the stress of deep hard formation, prevent drill bit undergauge.When drill bit is when ultrahigh rotating speed moves, drill bit and rock Stone friction can bring the problem of big calorimetric, by the support of reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth and the design of branch canal, promote Into circulation of drilling fluid, heat can be quickly taken away.The present invention passes through reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth and bit matrix The collocation of middle primary abrasive, auxiliary abrasive material and packing material, enables to primary abrasive, the in due course exposure of auxiliary abrasive material, keeps drill bit from sharp Property, improve drilling efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed in deep of the present invention drilling uses drill bit embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the arrangement schematic diagram of cutting tooth in hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed in deep of the present invention drilling drill bit embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram that hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed in deep of the present invention drilling uses drill bit embodiment two;
Wherein, 1- bit body, 2- connector, 3- bit matrix, the reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth of 4-, 5- gauge, 6- points Flowing flux, the vertical portion 61-, 62- bending part.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit, including bit body, the bit bodys one End is fixed with connector, the other end is installed with several circumferentially equally distributed bit matrixes, the drill bit tire of adjacent two There is interval between body, be installed with reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth on the working face of the bit matrix;It further include several A gauge connected with the side wall of the bit matrix and the side wall of rotary head body, several described gauges and several described brills The first-born body corresponds, and the top of the gauge is concordant with the working face of the bit matrix, between the two neighboring gauge With interval, branch canal is additionally provided in the gauge, the top of the branch canal is concordant with the top of the gauge.
As an embodiment of the present invention, be installed on the working face of each bit matrix one it is reinforced poly- Diamond cutting tooth, the bit matrix are eight, eight reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths towards all the same And it is distributed on the circumference of three different concentric circles of radius size.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the branch canal is the through slot being arranged on the side wall of the gauge.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the branch canal includes vertical portion and bending part, the top of the vertical portion Hold it is concordant with the top of the gauge, the bottom end of the vertical portion is connected with the top of the bending part, the bending part to Lower inclination and towards gauge described in another.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the bending part in several described branch canals towards all the same.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the bending part is greater than the width of the vertical portion.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the connector is in back taper, and outer spiral shell is provided on the side wall of the connector Line.
As an embodiment of the present invention, several bit matrixes is equal in magnitude.In the present invention, described Primary abrasive, auxiliary abrasive material and packing material are preferably included in bit matrix.In the present invention, the primary abrasive is preferably TSP material (thermally stable polycrystalline diamond);The partial size of the TSP material is preferably 0.42~0.9mm, the arbitrary shape with cone angle.This Ultrahigh rotating speed technology can be suitable in the work requirements of deep ground consisting of hard rock by inventing the TSP material used, give full play to TSP The good heat resistance of material and high tenacity, can be used for being ground breaking hard rock stratum.The present invention does not have the source of the TSP material There is special limitation, selects the TSP material in the known source of those skilled in the art, it is specific such as commercially available TSP material.
In the present invention, the auxiliary abrasive material preferably includes silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, corundum and boron carbide;This hair The bright self-sharpening that drill bit is realized using auxiliary abrasive material, so that primary abrasive is easy exposure, cooperation TSP carries out grinding work.In the present invention In, the material of main part of the auxiliary abrasive material is preferably silicon carbide, and the auxiliary material of the auxiliary abrasive material preferably includes tungsten carbide, nitridation Silicon, corundum and boron carbide.The present invention is not particularly limited the additive amount of the auxiliary material, the abrasive material supplemented by silicon carbide Material of main part.
Primary abrasive of the present invention and auxiliary abrasive material run through the entire working lining of bit matrix, pass through primary abrasive and auxiliary abrasive material Cooperation, can be improved the wearability and temperature tolerance of bit matrix, and then make bit matrix and rock frictional test heat, weaken rock Stone, reduces performances of rock, and promotion shoots ability, meets low bit pressure function demand.
In the present invention, the packing material is preferably Sialon series ceramic material, more preferably Si2N2O and Al2O3Shape At solid-solution material.The present invention is to Si in the Sialon series ceramic material2N2O and Al2O3Ratio there is no particular/special requirement, Select commercially available material well known to those skilled in the art.The present invention utilizes the high-wearing feature and high-ductility of the packing material Property, it can be avoided the burning of bits, reduce influence of the bouncing of drilling tool to drill bit, promote the temperature tolerance of bit matrix, guarantee deep high temperature hard formation Normal wear, and guarantee the normal exposure of abrasive material, avoid primary abrasive from falling off and fail in advance.
Heretofore described bit matrix be primary abrasive, auxiliary abrasive material and packing material combination, of the present invention group At bit matrix can not only improve the thermal stability and impact resistance of drill bit, additionally it is possible to auxiliary improves drill bit and pierces deep Hard formation slippage problems that may be present, meet the demand of ultrahigh rotating speed drilling technology.
In the present invention, if without specified otherwise, all material is commercial product well known to those skilled in the art.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the present embodiment deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit includes bit body 1, bit body 1 Bottom end is fixed with connector 2, top is installed with eight circumferentially equally distributed, equal-sized bit matrixes 3, and adjacent two There is interval between a bit matrix 3, be installed with a reinforced polycrystalline diamond on the working face of each bit matrix 3 and cut Cut tooth 4;Eight reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths 4 towards all the same and be distributed in different concentric of three radius sizes On round circumference, referring to Fig. 2, the reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4 in three, left side is distributed in the circle of the biggish concentric circles of radius Zhou Shang, intermediate two reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths 4 are distributed on the circumference of radius concentric circles placed in the middle, three, right side Reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4 is distributed on the circumference of the lesser concentric circles of radius, wherein the radius of three concentric circles according to The width for the ditch dug with a plow that eight reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths 4 can increase when drill bit is crept into is arranged such in secondary difference 0.5mm Degree.By the reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4 of setting, the performance that drill bit shoots rock is improved, it can be when drill bit be crept into Ditch dug with a plow is formed on rock, reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4 plays certain supporting role, while can guarantee to arrange powder Pass through with drilling fluid, solves the slippage problems when drilling of hard and compact stratum;Each 3 working face of bit matrix is embedded in reinforced Polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4 is distributed by certain level, vertical position, guarantees that drill bit has lasting rock cutting ability simultaneously It steadily excessively can reduce drill vibration frequency, guarantee that row's powder and drilling fluid pass through, prevent stick-slip.
The present embodiment deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit further includes eight gauges 5, each gauge 5 with brill The side wall of the first-born body 3 and the side wall of rotary head body are connected, and eight gauges 5 and eight bit matrixes 3 correspond, the top of gauge 5 It is concordant with the working face of bit matrix 3, there is interval between two neighboring gauge 5.It is hard that gauge 5 can make drill bit adapt to deep The stress on stratum prevents drill bit undergauge.
Branch canal 6 is provided in each gauge 5, the top of branch canal 6 is concordant with the top of gauge 5.In this reality It applies in example, branch canal 6 is the through slot being arranged on the side wall of gauge 5.Branch canal 6 includes vertical portion 61 and bending part 62, The top of vertical portion 61 is concordant with the top of gauge 5, and the bottom end of vertical portion 61 is connected with the top of bending part 62, bending part 62 tilt down and towards another gauge 5.And the bending part 62 in eight branch canals 6 towards all the same, same The width of bending part 62 is greater than the width of vertical portion 61 in branch canal 6.
Bit body 1 and connector 2 play connection function, and connector 2 is in back taper, and is provided with external screw thread on the side wall of connector 2.
When drill bit is when ultrahigh rotating speed moves, and drill bit and rock frictional test can bring big calorimetric the problem of, by reinforced poly- The support of diamond cutting tooth 4 and the design of branch canal 6, promote circulation of drilling fluid, and drilling fluid can be by shunting water Road 6 quickly flows, to improve the heat-sinking capability of drill bit.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bits, on the basis of example 1, this reality The deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling for applying example is also had the following characteristics that with drill bit as shown in figure 3, drill bit tire in the present embodiment The quantity of body 3 is four, and uniformly fixed on the working face of each bit matrix 3 there are three reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths 4;12 reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooths 4 towards all the same and be distributed on the same circumference.In the present embodiment Including eight gauges 5, spaced gauge 5 there are two the side wall connections for being each carcass is distinguished.The present embodiment is by subtracting The quantity of few bit matrix 3, the quantity for increasing reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth 4, opposite embodiment one are few sacrificing On the basis of measuring heat-sinking capability, the performance of shooting of drill bit is greatly improved, hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling in the present embodiment deep is used Drill bit is suitble to creep into the higher stratum of hardness.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation of the instructions such as term "top", "bottom", "lower" or position are closed System is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, rather than indicates Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand For limitation of the present invention.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit, it is characterised in that: including bit body, described bit body one end is solid Be connected with connector, the other end is installed with several circumferentially equally distributed bit matrixes, two adjacent bit matrixes it Between there is interval, be installed with reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth on the working face of the bit matrix;Further include several with The gauge that the side wall of the bit matrix and the side wall of rotary head body are connected, several described gauges and several described bit matrixes It corresponds, the top of the gauge is concordant with the working face of the bit matrix, between having between the two neighboring gauge Every being additionally provided with branch canal in the gauge, the top of the branch canal is concordant with the top of the gauge.
2. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: each drill bit A reinforced polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth is installed on the working face of carcass, the bit matrix is eight, is added described in eight Strong type polycrystalline diamond cutting tooth towards all the same and be distributed on the circumference of three different concentric circles of radius size.
3. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the branch canal The through slot on side wall for the gauge is arranged in.
4. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the branch canal Including vertical portion and bending part, the top of the vertical portion is concordant with the top of the gauge, the bottom end of the vertical portion and institute The top for stating bending part is connected, and the bending part tilts down and towards gauge described in another.
5. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: several described point The bending part in flowing flux towards all the same.
6. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the bending part Width is greater than the width of the vertical portion.
7. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the connector is in Taper, and external screw thread is provided on the side wall of the connector.
8. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: several described brills The first-born body it is equal in magnitude.
9. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that: the drill bit It include primary abrasive, auxiliary abrasive material and packing material in carcass.
10. deep hard formation ultrahigh rotating speed drilling drill bit according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the primary abrasive For TSP material;The auxiliary abrasive material includes silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, corundum and boron carbide;The packing material is Sialon Series ceramic material.
CN201910367169.3A 2019-05-05 2019-05-05 Drill bit for ultra-high rotation speed drilling of deep hard stratum Active CN109989714B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112593881A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-02 中国地质大学(北京) Multifunctional shale geological exploration drill bit and working method thereof

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