CN109985784B - Heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109985784B CN109985784B CN201910263265.3A CN201910263265A CN109985784B CN 109985784 B CN109985784 B CN 109985784B CN 201910263265 A CN201910263265 A CN 201910263265A CN 109985784 B CN109985784 B CN 109985784B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof3C2NiCr coating, Cr3C2-the NiCr coating comprises Cr in a mass ratio of 3:13C2And NiCr, the protective layer is Al2O3‑SiO2‑MTMS‑Ce(NO3)3Ceramic/polymer composite material, Al2O3‑SiO2‑MTMS‑Ce(NO3)3The ceramic/polymer composite material comprises Al with the mass ratio of 100: 50-70: 0.5-22O3‑SiO2Sol, MTMS (methyltrimethoxysilane), Ce (NO)3)3. The preparation method comprises the following steps of spraying Cr on the base material3C2-preparing a working layer of NiCr powder; polishing and cleaning Cr3C2-a NiCr working layer; preparation of Al2O3‑SiO2‑MTMS‑Ce(NO3)3Sol of a protective layer; coating the protective layer sol on Cr3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface, placing the aged NiCr working layer surface in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30 minutes at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30 minutes at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer surface along with the furnace to room temperature, and taking out the NiCr working layer surface to obtain the composite coating. The composite coating has good binding force with a substrate, compact pores, good heat corrosion resistance and wear resistance, excellent overall performance and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface engineering, and particularly relates to a heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The crystallizer copper plate is key equipment in the continuous casting production process of steel, bears high-temperature oxidation, chemical corrosion, surface abrasion, thermal fatigue and the like under the combined action of high-temperature molten steel and low-temperature cooling water in the working process, and faces the threat of serious failure in the use process of the crystallizer copper plate, so that the surface of the crystallizer copper plate needs to be protected.
Cr is sprayed on the surface of a crystallizer copper plate by a supersonic velocity flame spraying (HVOF) technology3C2Working layer of NiCr, Cr3C2The NiCr powder impacts the substrate at high speed, so that the substrate and the sprayed coating have good bonding force, the powder is fully melted, and the overall performance of the coating is good. However, the sprayed powder is rapidly cooled and solidified after being melted at high temperature, so that the coating inevitably has defects such as pores and the like, particularly through holes. The corrosive medium reaches the substrate through the pores and oxidizes the substrate, forming an oxide film between the substrate and the coating, resulting in cracking or spalling failure of the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: supersonic flame spraying Cr3C2A NiCr working layer, wherein the coating has pores, which causes cracking or peeling failure of the coating, and provides a heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating, a preparation method and application.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating comprises a working layer and a protective layer, wherein the working layer is Cr3C2-NiCr coating, said Cr3C2-the NiCr coating comprises Cr3C2NiCr and Cr7C3Said Cr3C2And NiCr in a mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the protective layer is Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Ceramic/polymer composite material, said Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The ceramic/polymer composite material comprises Al2O3-SiO2Sol, MTMS, Ce (NO)3)3Said Al2O3-SiO2Sol, MTMS, Ce (NO)3)3The mass ratio is 100: 50-70: 0.5-2.
The Al is2O3-SiO2The pH value of the sol is less than 1, and the particle size is 50-100 nm.
The protective layer contains SiO2And Al2O3CeO is formed in the protective layer in the etching medium2And (5) oxidizing the film.
The Al is2O3-SiO2When the mass ratio of the sol to the cerium nitrate is 100:1.5, the wear rate of the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating is 1.532 multiplied by 10-14m3/N·m;
The Al is2O3-SiO2When the mass ratio of the sol to the cerium nitrate is 100:1, the corrosion current density of the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating is 0.220 nA.
The preparation method of the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) spraying Cr on the base material3C2-preparing a working layer of NiCr powder;
(2) polishing and cleaning Cr3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(3) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Sol of a protective layer;
(4) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer surface to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer to obtain the composite coating.
The spraying method in the step (1) is a supersonic flame spraying method.
The method is characterized in that the cleaning method in the step (2) is ultrasonic cleaning in alcohol.
Al in the step (3)2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The preparation method of the protective layer sol comprises the following steps: first taking Al2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and stirring the particles for 3 hours at normal temperature by using a magnetic stirrer until the particles are uniform to obtain Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3And (5) protecting layer sol.
An application of the antiwear composite coating to the substrate of steel, non-ferrous metal or light alloy.
In the invention, in Cr3C2Preparing a protective layer on the surface of the NiCr working layer, wherein Al in the protective layer2O3-SiO2The sol has good heat resistance and granularity of 50-60 nm, and can be effectively filled with Cr3C2-NiCr working layer porosity. Trace amount of Ce (NO) in the protective layer3)3CeO generation under corrosive conditions2The corrosion inhibition and wear resistance are achieved, and the coating has stronger corrosion resistance by adding the organic matter MTMS. Therefore, the composite coating not only has good binding force with a matrix, but also is compact, has no holes, good heat-resisting corrosion resistance and wear resistance, has long service life, and the preparation method of the protective layer sol is simple, has low cost and can be widely applied to industry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the composite coating has good binding force with a substrate, is compact and pore-free, and has good heat corrosion resistance, wear resistance and long service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional profile of the sample of example 2,
1-CrZrCu matrix, 2-Cr3C2Working layer of NiCr, 3-Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3A protective layer;
FIG. 2 is a polarization curve of examples 1 to 5;
FIG. 3 is a wear profile in two dimensions as shown in examples 1-4;
FIG. 4 shows the wear volumes of the examples 1-4;
FIG. 5 is a XRD pattern of examples 1 to 5;
FIG. 6 is a topographical view of the pattern of example 5;
FIG. 7 is an XPS spectrum of Ce element before and after surface etching of the sample of example 5.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The matrix used by the invention is copper alloy, and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance are poor, so that the performances of a single coating and a composite coating are compared.
Example 1
In this example, a working layer of Cr was sprayed on a CrZrCu substrate by a supersonic flame spraying method3C2-NiCr,Cr3C2And NiCr in a mass ratio of 3:1, and obtaining a first type, namely a single coating layer without coating a protective layer.
Example 2
In this example, Al is coated on the surface of the first pattern2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The protective layer forms a composite coating, and Al is contained in the protective layer material2O3-SiO2Sol and Ce (NO)3)3In a mass ratio of 100:1.0, Al2O3-SiO2The mass ratio of sol to MTMS was 100: 60.
The protective layer coating step is:
(1) polishing and ultrasonically cleaning Cr in ethanol3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(2) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Protective layer sol: firstly taking Al with the grain diameter of 50nm2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and magnetically stirring for 3 hours at normal temperature;
(3) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the surface of the NiCr working layer for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer to obtain a second pattern, namely the composite coating.
FIG. 1 is a two-sectional topographical view of the sample of example 2, including a CrZrCu matrix, Cr3C2Working layer of NiCr, Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3A protective layer;
example 3
In this example, Al is coated on the surface of the first pattern2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The protective layer forms a composite coating, and Al is contained in the protective layer material2O3-SiO2Sol and Ce (NO)3)3In a mass ratio of 100:1.0, Al2O3-SiO2The mass ratio of sol to MTMS was 100: 60.
The protective layer coating step is:
(1) polishing and ultrasonically cleaning Cr in ethanol3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(2) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Protective layer sol: firstly taking Al with the particle size of 55nm2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and magnetically stirring for 3 hours at normal temperature;
(3) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer to obtain the third pattern.
Example 4
In this example, Al is coated on the surface of the first pattern2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The protective layer forms a composite coating, and Al is contained in the protective layer material2O3-SiO2Sol and Ce (NO)3)3In a mass ratio of 100:1.5, Al2O3-SiO2The mass ratio of sol to MTMS was 100: 60.
The protective layer coating step is:
(1) polishing and ultrasonically cleaning Cr in ethanol3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(2) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Protective layer sol: firstly taking Al with the particle size of 55nm2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and magnetically stirring for 3 hours at normal temperature;
(3) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer surface in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer surface to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer surface to obtain the pattern IV.
Example 5
In this example, Al is coated on the surface of the first pattern2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The protective layer forms a composite coating, and Al is contained in the protective layer material2O3-SiO2Sol and Ce (NO)3)3In a mass ratio of 100:2.0, Al2O3-SiO2The mass ratio of sol to MTMS was 100: 60.
The protective layer coating step is:
(1) polishing and ultrasonically cleaning Cr in ethanol3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(2) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Protective layer sol: firstly taking Al with the particle size of 55nm2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and magnetically stirring for 3 hours at normal temperature;
(3) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer to obtain the pattern V.
The cross-sectional profiles of the samples of examples 3-5 were similar to those of example 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the corrosion current density of the two, three, four and five types are all smaller than that of the first type, the corrosion current density of the third type is the minimum and is only 0.220nA, while the corrosion current density of the fifth type is 34.001nA and is already close to 46.448nA of the first type, and the patent mainly considers the comprehensive wear and corrosion resistance of the coating, so the fifth type with poor corrosion resistance is abandoned in the wear resistance research.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the wear rates for the patterns two, three, and four are significantly lower than for the pattern one, indicating that Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The protective layer improves the overall wear resistance of the coating. And the wear rate was the lowest at pattern four, which was only 1.532 × 10-14m3N m, indicating that the wear resistance in the protective layer is due to Ce (NO)3)3The ratio is increased.
As shown in FIG. 5, the XRD pattern of pattern one contains only Cr3C3NiCr and Cr7C3Peaks, and XRD patterns of patterns two-five show SiO2And Al2O3Characteristic peak of (b), indicating protective layer Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The ceramic/polymer composite material contains SiO2And Al2O3The coating can play a role in wear resistance, and the coating has stronger corrosion resistance by adding the organic matter MTMS into the coating.
As shown in FIG. 6, there are protective layer elements in the five working layers, such as positions a, b, c, d and e, which reduce the pores of the thermal spraying working layer, thereby avoiding the corrosion of the coating caused by the pores and improving the corrosion resistance of the whole coating.
As shown in FIG. 7, the Ce element on the surface of the protective layer changes from +3 to +4 before and after etching to form CeO in the etching medium2Oxide film, protective layer Al illustrating the composite coating of the invention2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Ceramic/polymer composite material, Ce (NO)3)3Formation of CeO after etching2And the oxide layer further plays a role in wear resistance protection.
Compared comprehensively, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the composite coating are superior to those of a single coating, and the comprehensive performance of the three-style composite coating is better.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The heat corrosion resistant and wear resistant composite coating is characterized by comprising a working layer and a protective layer, wherein the working layer is Cr3C2-NiCr coating, said Cr3C2-the NiCr coating comprises Cr3C2NiCr and Cr7C3Said Cr3C2And NiCr in a mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the protective layer is Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Ceramic/polymer composite material, said Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The ceramic/polymer composite material comprises Al2O3-SiO2Sol, MTMS, Ce (NO)3)3The working layer is prepared by a supersonic flame spraying method, and the protective layer is prepared by a brushing method;
the Al is2O3-SiO2Mass ratio of sol, MTMS and cerium nitrateIs 100: 50-70: at 1.5, the wear rate of the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating is 1.532 multiplied by 10-14 m3/N•m;
The Al is2O3-SiO2The mass ratio of the sol to the MTMS to the cerium nitrate is 100: 50-70: 1, the corrosion current density of the heat-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating is 0.220 nA/cm2。
2. A hot-corrosion-resistant wear-resistant composite coating according to claim 1, wherein Al is present2O3-SiO2The pH value of the sol is less than 1, and the particle size is 50-100 nm.
3. A hot-corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant composite coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein said protective layer comprises SiO2And Al2O3CeO is formed in the protective layer in the etching medium2And (5) oxidizing the film.
4. A method for preparing a hot corrosion and wear resistant composite coating according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) spraying Cr on the base material3C2-preparing a working layer of NiCr powder;
(2) polishing and cleaning Cr3C2-a NiCr working layer;
(3) preparation of Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3Sol of a protective layer;
(4) coating the protective layer sol on Cr by a brushing method3C2Aging the NiCr working layer surface for 3 hours, placing the NiCr working layer in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 30min at 60 ℃, then preserving heat for 30min at 120 ℃, cooling the NiCr working layer surface to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the NiCr working layer to obtain the composite coating.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the spraying in step (1) is a supersonic flame spraying.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the cleaning method in the step (2) is ultrasonic cleaning in alcohol.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein Al in the step (3)2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3The preparation method of the protective layer sol comprises the following steps: first taking Al2O3-SiO2Sol, adding Ce (NO)3)3Stirring the particles for 5 minutes until the particles are uniform, then adding MTMS, and stirring the particles for 3 hours at normal temperature by using a magnetic stirrer until the particles are uniform to obtain Al2O3-SiO2-MTMS-Ce(NO3)3And (5) protecting layer sol.
8. Use of a hot corrosion and wear resistant composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on a steel or non-ferrous metal substrate.
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