CN109984872A - 一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置 - Google Patents
一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,包括头托架,所述头托架上端嵌于肱骨头内部,下端固定于髓内柄体内部,内部设有拉力钉,所述髓内柄体中部设有锁钉,所述锁钉穿过髓内柄体。本装置能有效的在保头与非保头选择中提供一种灵活性的选择,既能降低手术复杂程度,降低手术费用,又为后期发生坏死时预留二次手术创造安全的环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肱骨医疗装置领域,具体涉及一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置。
背景技术
当病人发生严重肱骨四部分骨折、肱骨保头/非保头难择性治疗型骨折、解剖颈骨折/头脱位老年性骨折、严重骨质疏松经大结节三到四部分骨折和头劈裂骨折五种情况的肩关节骨折时,常规手术治疗方法,保头的话无论是钢板螺钉固定还是髓内钉固定,均面临困难,固定复杂,后期坏死风险高,手术效果不佳。翻修手术有难以逾越的困难。特别是体弱多病年迈病人。过于复杂的手术(取内固定和二次植入假体),病人难以承受,甚至危及生命,给病人带来高昂的费用,而且难以保证修复的预期效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,包括头托架,所述头托架上端嵌于肱骨头内部,下端固定于髓内柄体内部,内部设有拉力钉,所述髓内柄体中部设有锁钉,所述锁钉穿过髓内柄体。
进一步的,所述的头托架包括Ⅰ型头托架和Ⅱ型头托架,所述Ⅰ型头托架上端为固定板,所述固定板上表面沿三角形设有3个肱骨头固定针,所述Ⅰ型头托架下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅰ,所述固定板和圆锥形固定块Ⅰ中心位置设有圆形通孔;所述Ⅱ型头托架上端为圆形固定板,所述圆形固定板上部中心位置连接圆锥形的肱骨头固定块,所述圆锥形的肱骨头固定块旁边设有一个圆锥形的肱骨头辅助固定块,所述Ⅱ型头托架下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅱ。
进一步的,所述的髓内柄体上部为带有一定弧度的上宽下窄的固定块,所述固定块与头托架连接面设有头托架固定孔槽,所述头托架固定孔槽后侧设有器械接口,所述固定块弧形面处开有过缝线凹槽,两侧面各开有一列缝线孔,所述两侧的缝线孔为通孔结构,另一端圆孔位于固定块弧形面的对立面,并关于过缝线凹槽中线对称,所述固定块弧形面的对立面的缝线孔下端开有拉力钉孔,所述拉力钉孔与头托架固定孔槽连通,所述髓内柄体下部为固定杆,所述固定杆沿圆周均匀分布开有3个凹槽,所述拉力钉孔下部对应的凹槽开有2个锁钉孔,所述2个锁钉孔从上到下垂直开于固定杆内部。
进一步的,所述的肱骨头包括自体肱骨头和人工肱骨头,所述自体肱骨头与Ⅰ型头托架配套使用,所述人工肱骨头与Ⅱ型头托架配套使用,所述自体肱骨头为半球形结构,所述人工肱骨头为半球形结构,底部开有1个肱骨头固定块孔,所述肱骨头固定块孔圆周方向开有多个肱骨头辅助固定块孔。
本发明的技术效果和优点:本装置能有效的在自体肱骨头和人工肱骨头选择中提供一种灵活性的选择,既能降低手术复杂程度,降低手术费用,又为后期发生坏死时预留二次手术创造安全的环境;髓内柄体分为生物型和非生物性,生物型即表面有HA或其它材料的涂层,以利于髓内柄体与肱骨之间的融合,非生物性由于增加有锁定螺钉,可以不使用人工骨水泥,减少了坏死和感染的几率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图;
图2为本发明的结构分解图;
图3为本发明的Ⅰ型头托架结够示意图;
图4为本发明的Ⅱ型头托架结够示意图;
图5为本发明的髓内柄体结够示意图;
图6为本发明的人工肱骨头结够示意图。
图中:1-头托架,2-肱骨头,3-髓内柄体,4-拉力钉,5-锁钉,101-Ⅰ型头托架,102-Ⅱ型头托架,1011-固定板,1012-肱骨头固定针,1013-圆锥形固定块Ⅰ,1014-圆形通孔,1021-圆形固定板,1022-肱骨头固定块,1023-肱骨头辅助固定块,1024-圆锥形固定块Ⅱ,201-自体肱骨头,202-人工肱骨头,2021-肱骨头固定块孔,2022-肱骨头辅助固定块孔,301-固定块,302-固定孔槽,303-器械接口,304-过缝线凹槽,305-缝线孔,306-拉力钉孔,307-固定杆,308-凹槽,309-锁钉孔。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的实现技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示,进一步阐述本发明,在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以两个元件内部的连通。
实施例1
如图1~图6所示的一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,包括头托架1,所述头托架1上端嵌于肱骨头2内部,下端固定于髓内柄体3内部,内部设有拉力钉4,所述髓内柄体3中部设有锁钉5,所述锁钉5穿过髓内柄体3,增加肱骨干与髓内柄体3之间结合的牢固性。
进一步的,所述的头托架1包括Ⅰ型头托架101和Ⅱ型头托架102,所述Ⅰ型头托架101上端为固定板1011,所述固定板1011上表面沿三角形设有3个肱骨头固定针1012,所述Ⅰ型头托架101下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅰ1013,所述固定板1011和圆锥形固定块Ⅰ1013中心位置设有圆形通孔1014;所述Ⅱ型头托架102上端为圆形固定板1021,所述圆形固定板1021上部中心位置连接圆锥形的肱骨头固定块1022,所述圆锥形的肱骨头固定块1022旁边设有一个圆锥形的肱骨头辅助固定块1023,所述Ⅱ型头托架102下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅱ1024。
进一步的,所述的髓内柄体3上部为带有一定弧度的上宽下窄的固定块301,所述固定块301与头托架1连接面设有头托架固定孔槽302,所述头托架1的固定孔槽302后侧设有器械接口303,所述固定块301弧形面处开有过缝线凹槽304,两侧面各开有一列缝线孔305,增加了髓内柄体3与附近组织的连接强度,更利于骨愈合,所述两侧的缝线孔305为通孔结构,另一端圆孔位于固定块301弧形面的对立面,并关于过缝线凹槽304中线对称,所述固定块301弧形面的对立面的缝线孔305下端开有拉力钉孔306,所述拉力钉孔306与头托架固定孔槽302连通,所述髓内柄体3下部为固定杆307,所述固定杆307沿圆周均匀分布开有3个凹槽308,所述拉力钉孔306下部对应的凹槽308开有2个锁钉孔309,所述2个锁钉孔309从上到下垂直开于固定杆307内部。
进一步的,所述的肱骨头2包括自体肱骨头201和人工肱骨头202,所述自体肱骨头201与Ⅰ型头托架101配套使用,所述人工肱骨头202与Ⅱ型头托架102配套使用,所述自体肱骨头201为半球形结构,所述人工肱骨头202为半球形结构,底部开有1个肱骨头固定块孔2021,所述肱骨头固定块孔2021圆周方向开有多个肱骨头辅助固定块孔2022,以便调整人工肱骨头202的固定位置。
本发明工作原理为:首先使用自体肱骨头201与Ⅰ型头托架101组合,将Ⅰ型头托架101的肱骨头固定针1012扎进自体肱骨头201,再通过拉力钉4钻入将该组合和髓内柄体3连接固定在一起,再通过锁钉5将髓内柄体3与肱骨相连,使用缝合线通过髓内柄体3的缝线孔305将髓内柄体3与周围的肌肉组织连接起来,保证将脱落的肱骨头与肱骨相连,意义在于一旦成功,病人将享受到骨折固定愈合的自体关节组织成功愈合得到的功能。即使失败,也不需进行内固定材料取出及假体柄置入等复杂的、破坏性大的操作。仅需将坏死自体肱骨头201取出,转换成人工肱骨头202即可达到满意疗效。即手术去掉坏死自体肱骨头201与Ⅰ型头托架101,更换上人工肱骨头202与Ⅱ型头托架102,将人工肱骨头202调整到合适位置,直接通过圆锥形的肱骨头固定块1022和肱骨头辅助固定块1023固定,此时肱骨干部分仍利用原来的髓内柄体3不用再更换新的髓内柄体3。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,包括头托架(1),其特征在于:所述头托架(1)上端嵌于肱骨头(2)内部,下端固定于髓内柄体(3)内部,内部设有拉力钉(4),所述髓内柄体(3)中部设有锁钉(5),所述锁钉(5)穿过髓内柄体(3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,其特征在于:所述的头托架(1)包括Ⅰ型头托架(101)和Ⅱ型头托架(102),所述Ⅰ型头托架(101)上端为固定板(1011),所述固定板(1011)上表面沿三角形设有3个肱骨头固定针(1012),所述Ⅰ型头托架(101)下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅰ(1013),所述固定板(1011)和圆锥形固定块Ⅰ(1013)中心位置设有圆形通孔(1014);所述Ⅱ型头托架(102)上端为圆形固定板(1021),所述圆形固定板(1021)上部中心位置连接圆锥形的肱骨头固定块(1022),所述圆锥形的肱骨头固定块(1022)旁边设有一个圆锥形的肱骨头辅助固定块(1023),所述Ⅱ型头托架102下端为圆锥形固定块Ⅱ(1024)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,其特征在于:所述的髓内柄体(3)上部为带有一定弧度的上宽下窄的固定块(301),所述固定块(301)与头托架(1)连接面设有头托架固定孔槽(302),所述头托架(1)的固定孔槽(302)后侧设有器械接口(303),所述固定块(301)弧形面处开有过缝线凹槽(304),两侧面各开有一列缝线孔(305),所述两侧的缝线孔(305)为通孔结构,通孔另一端圆孔位于固定块(301)弧形面的对立面,并关于过缝线凹槽(304)中线对称,所述固定块(301)弧形面的对立面的缝线孔(305)下端开有拉力钉孔(306),所述拉力钉孔(306)与头托架固定孔槽(302)连通,所述髓内柄体(3)下部为固定杆(307),所述固定杆(307)沿圆周均匀分布开有(3)个凹槽(308),所述拉力钉孔(306)下部对应的凹槽(308)开有2个锁钉孔(309),所述2个锁钉孔(309)从上到下垂直开于固定杆(307)内部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种肱骨近端保头与假体转换治疗装置,其特征在于:所述的肱骨头(2)包括自体肱骨头(201)和人工肱骨头(202),所述自体肱骨头(201)与Ⅰ型头托架(101)配套使用,所述人工肱骨头(202)与Ⅱ型头托架(102)配套使用,所述自体肱骨头(201)为半球形结构,所述人工肱骨头(202)为半球形结构,底部开有1个肱骨头固定块孔(2021),所述肱骨头固定块孔(2021)圆周方向开有多个肱骨头辅助固定块孔(2022)。
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