CN109976478B - Multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and heat dissipation control method - Google Patents

Multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and heat dissipation control method Download PDF

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CN109976478B
CN109976478B CN201711470428.2A CN201711470428A CN109976478B CN 109976478 B CN109976478 B CN 109976478B CN 201711470428 A CN201711470428 A CN 201711470428A CN 109976478 B CN109976478 B CN 109976478B
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cpu
fan
heat dissipation
rotating speed
arbitration controller
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CN109976478A (en
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戴和权
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Zhejiang Uniview Technologies Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20Cooling means

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and a heat dissipation control method, and belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment heat management. In the multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and the heat dissipation control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by each CPU, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as the rotating speed required value; the fan drive unit adjusts the speed of the system fan based on the received speed demand. Therefore, unified management of heat dissipation of the multiple CPUs can be realized, the CPU system with the maximum heat dissipation pressure in all the CPU systems can meet the heat dissipation requirement, and the reliability of the heat dissipation system is obviously improved. In addition, the multi-CPU heat dissipation control system realizes an arbitration mechanism based on hardware, so that the software overhead is reduced, and the system reliability risk caused by software failure is avoided; the system adopts a local and out-of-band two-set heat dissipation mechanism arbitration framework, wherein the failure of one set of control scheme does not cause the system failure, and the reliability is higher.

Description

Multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and heat dissipation control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment thermal management, in particular to a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and a heat dissipation control method.
Background
Multi-way processor systems have evolved with the advancement of computer technology. The invention of the computer aims at improving the computing capacity and processing complex data. With the development of the technology and the progress of the era, the computer technology is continuously innovated, and the processing capacity is continuously improved from the initial single-CPU system to the current multi-CPU system. But the heat dissipation problem of the huge multi-CPU system is increasingly highlighted.
The existing multi-CPU system generally adopts a single set of system for management, namely, each processor is provided with a fan, and each processor adopts an independent auxiliary controller to carry out heat treatment. The scheme has the advantages of high energy consumption, uncoordinated heat dissipation control and high risk of system control failure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and a heat dissipation control method, which can realize unified control on heat dissipation of multiple CPUs and reduce the risk of system control failure.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system, including at least two CPUs, an arbitration controller connected to each CPU, a fan driving unit connected to the arbitration controller, and a system fan;
each CPU sends the current required fan rotating speed to the arbitration controller according to the running condition of the CPU or the current environment temperature;
the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value; sending the rotation speed demand value to a fan driving unit;
the fan drive unit adjusts the speed of the system fan based on the received speed demand.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the arbitration controller is a CPLD module.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the system further includes a system monitoring module, where the system monitoring module is connected to each CPU and the arbitration controller, and is configured to monitor a temperature of each CPU and an ambient temperature of an important part of the system, generate a fan speed currently required by the system according to the temperature of each CPU and the ambient temperature of the important part of the system, and send the fan speed currently required by the system to the arbitration controller; the important part of the system comprises a main board air outlet.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the system monitoring module includes a single chip microcomputer and a temperature sensor connected to the single chip microcomputer, and the temperature sensor is disposed at an important part of the system.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the system monitoring module is connected to each CPU through a PECI bus.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where each CPU is connected to the arbitration controller through a UART chip or a PCH chip.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a heat dissipation control method, where the heat dissipation control method for multiple CPUs includes:
each CPU generates the current required fan rotating speed according to the self running condition or the current environment temperature, and sends the current required fan rotating speed to an arbitration controller;
the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value;
and the arbitration controller sends the rotating speed demand value to the fan driving unit so that the fan driving unit adjusts the rotating speed of the system fan according to the rotating speed demand value.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the method further includes:
the system monitoring module generates the fan rotating speed currently required by the system according to the temperature of each CPU and the environment temperature of the important part of the system, and sends the fan rotating speed currently required by the system to the arbitration controller; the important part of the system comprises a main board air outlet;
and the arbitration controller selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan rotating speed of the system sent by the system detection module as a rotating speed requirement value.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the currently required fan speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan speed of the system sent by the system detection module are both PWM signals.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the method further includes:
the fan driving unit acquires the actual rotating speed of a system fan and feeds the actual rotating speed back to the arbitration controller;
and the arbitration controller returns the actual rotating speed to each CPU and the system detection module.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and the heat dissipation control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by each CPU, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as the rotating speed required value; the fan drive unit adjusts the speed of the system fan based on the received speed demand. Therefore, unified management of heat dissipation of the multiple CPUs can be realized, the CPU system with the maximum heat dissipation pressure in all the CPU systems can meet the heat dissipation requirement, and the reliability of the heat dissipation system is obviously improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a PWM signal output by a CPU or a system monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a heat dissipation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a heat dissipation control method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1-an arbitration controller; 2-a fan drive unit; 3-system fan; 4-system monitoring module.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and a heat dissipation control method, aiming at the problem that the existing multi-CPU system generally adopts each processor to carry out heat management independently.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the system includes a plurality of CPUs, such as the CPUs 0 through CPUn in fig. 1, an arbitration controller 1 connected to each CPU, a fan drive unit 2 connected to the arbitration controller 1, and a system fan 3.
Each CPU sends the currently required fan speed to the arbitration controller 1 according to its own operating condition or the current ambient temperature. The arbitration controller 1 receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value; the rotation speed demand value is sent to the fan drive unit 2. The fan drive unit 2 adjusts the rotational speed of the system fan 3 in accordance with the received rotational speed demand.
The arbitration controller 1 may employ a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) module. The currently required fan rotation speed sent by each CPU may be a PWM signal, that is, each CPU stores an identical tachometer in the BIOS code, and the tachometer stores a correspondence between the ambient temperature obtained at the system test stage and the required fan rotation speed. Wherein the desired fan speed may be expressed in a PWM signal. And the CPU sends a PWM signal corresponding to the required fan rotating speed to the arbitration controller according to the current environment temperature.
When a plurality of sets of independently operating CPU systems appear in one set of equipment, the centralized heat dissipation treatment mode provided by the embodiment of the invention can be adopted in consideration of the mutual influence of the heat of each CPU system.
The subsystems 0-n send the fan rotating speed required by the subsystem to the arbitration controller 1 according to the running condition of the subsystems and the environment temperature of the subsystems, the arbitration controller 1 is responsible for collecting rotating speed requirement information sent by all systems in the equipment, and after the maximum heat dissipation requirement in the whole system (in all the subsystems) is arbitrated, the information is provided for the fan control unit to drive the system fan to realize rotating speed updating. When the rotation speed demand information is the PWM signal, the CPLD module selects the PWM signal having the largest pulse width from the plurality of received PWM signals as the driving signal to output to the fan driving unit 2. Meanwhile, the arbitration controller 1 collects the current actual rotating speed of the system fan 3 fed back by the fan driving unit 2 to perform closed-loop control, and feeds the rotating speed back to each subsystem in real time.
In the multi-CPU heat dissipation control system provided in this embodiment, each CPU generates a PWM control signal, and the CPLD module performs PWM detection and comparison to realize intelligent control of the fan rotation speed in the multi-system, thereby realizing expansion of any number of systems. The reliability and real-time performance of the arbitration controller unit determine the heat dissipation performance of the whole system. The PWM arbitration is completely realized based on hardware, delay such as software sampling and judgment is avoided, control response is rapid, and the problems of system heat dissipation risk and the like caused by abnormal downtime or abnormality of software are avoided, so that the reliability of the system is remarkably improved.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a multi-CPU heat dissipation control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the system includes a plurality of CPUs such as the CPUs 0 through CPUn in fig. 2, a system detection module 4 connected to each CPU, an arbitration controller 1 connected to each CPU and the system detection module 4, a fan drive unit 2 and a system fan 3 connected to the arbitration controller 1.
Each CPU sends the currently required fan speed to the arbitration controller 1 according to its own operating condition or the current ambient temperature.
The system monitoring module 4 is used for monitoring the temperature of each CPU and the ambient temperature of the important part of the system, generating the fan rotating speed currently required by the system according to the temperature of each CPU and the ambient temperature of the important part of the system, and sending the fan rotating speed currently required by the system to the arbitration controller. Important parts of the system include but are not limited to parts such as a main board air outlet and the like.
The arbitration controller 1 receives the currently required fan rotating speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan rotating speed of the system sent by the system monitoring module 4, and selects the maximum value as a rotating speed requirement value; the rotation speed demand value is sent to the fan drive unit 2. The fan drive unit 2 adjusts the rotational speed of the system fan 3 in accordance with the received rotational speed demand.
As shown in fig. 3, each CPU may be connected to the arbitration controller 1 through a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) chip or a PCH chip. The PCH (platform management control center) chip is an integrated south bridge of Intel corporation, and the arbitration controller 1 meets the fan speed requirement of each CPU through the PCH chip or the IART chip.
The system monitoring module 4 may include a single chip microcomputer (MCU chip) and a temperature sensor connected to the single chip microcomputer, and the temperature sensor is disposed at an important part of the system. The single chip microcomputer of the system monitoring module 4 is connected to each CPU through a PECI (Platform Environment Control Interface) bus. Each CPU core is provided with a digital temperature sensor, and the single chip microcomputer of the system monitoring module 4 acquires the core temperature of each CPU through the PECI bus and also acquires the core temperature of each PCH chip through the UART interface. The system monitoring module 4 generates the fan rotation speed currently required by the system according to the core temperature of each CPU, the core temperature of the PCH chip, and the ambient temperature of important parts such as the air outlet of the motherboard, and sends the fan rotation speed to the arbitration controller 1.
The arbitration controller 1 may employ a CPLD module. The currently required fan speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan speed sent by the system detection module 4 are both PWM signals, that is, the same tachometer is stored in the MCU of the system detection module 4 and the BIOS code of each CPU, and the tachometer stores the corresponding relationship between the ambient temperature obtained at the system test stage and the required fan speed. Wherein the desired fan speed may be expressed in a PWM signal. And the CPU sends a PWM signal corresponding to the required fan rotating speed to the arbitration controller according to the current environment temperature. And the MCU sends a PWM signal corresponding to the rotating speed according to the temperature in actual operation. The MCU part is completely independent of the CPU system, and out-of-band management is realized. The MCU realizes one-time judgment, and can calculate and output the PWM signal pulse width required by the maximum temperature system according to the temperature conditions of the two systems.
The arbitration controller 1 implements PWM arbitration, such as the PWM signal shown in fig. 4, and in order to ensure the simplicity and rapidity of the arbitration system, the PWM frequencies output by the MCUs of the CPU systems and the system monitoring module are set to be identical. Because the PWM signals output by each CPU system cannot be synchronous, the arbitration controller 1 counts the pulse width of two or more paths of PWM, and delays one period to output the PWM signal with the maximum pulse width.
The arbitration controller 1 is mainly responsible for completing the rotation speed arbitration and the rotation speed collection and distribution work. Taking two sets of CPU subsystems as an example, the CPLD module receives 3 pairs of PWM signals from out-of-band and local, and the CPLD module needs to select the largest pulse width among the 3 PWM signals to output a driving signal, which is sent to the fan driving unit 2.
In order to realize closed-loop fan control, the fan driving unit 2 also collects the rotation speed information of the system fan 3 and provides the rotation speed information to each CPU system and MCU system, so that all CPU and MCU controllers can master the current fan state to realize closed-loop control.
The multi-CPU heat dissipation control system provided by the embodiment adopts two control systems, namely a local control system and an out-of-band control system, to generate PWM control signals, and then realizes intelligent control of fan rotating speed in the multi-system through a PWM detection and comparison mechanism. The method can realize the expansion of any system quantity, the PWM arbitration is completely realized based on hardware, the delay of software sampling and judgment and the like is avoided, the control response is rapid, the problems of system heat dissipation risks and the like caused by abnormal downtime or abnormality of software are avoided, the system adopts two control modes for backup, and the reliability of the system is obviously improved. The local and out-of-band dual-channel control architecture is adopted, the arbitration function is realized by hardware, the probability of system-level heat dissipation fault is greatly reduced, the system expandability is strong, and the system can be expanded to more CPU systems to operate only by modifying the number of PECI controllers and a small number of arbitration codes of the MCU part.
In summary, the system realizes an arbitration mechanism based on hardware, reduces software overhead, and avoids system reliability risk caused by software failure; the system adopts two sets of heat dissipation mechanism arbitration architectures, wherein the failure of one set of control scheme does not cause the failure of the system, and the reliability is higher; the system scheme has strong expansibility, and the complexity of the implementation scheme cannot be increased due to the increase of the number of the managed systems.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a heat dissipation control method applied to the heat dissipation control system, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes the following steps:
step S502, each CPU generates the current required fan rotating speed according to the running condition of the CPU or the current environment temperature, and sends the current required fan rotating speed to the arbitration controller;
step S504, the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value;
in step S506, the arbitration controller sends the rotation speed demand value to the fan driving unit, so that the fan driving unit adjusts the rotation speed of the system fan according to the rotation speed demand value.
To further improve the reliability of the heat dissipation system, fig. 6 shows a flow chart of another heat dissipation control method. As shown in fig. 6, the method includes the steps of:
step S602, each CPU generates the current required fan rotating speed according to the running condition of the CPU or the current environment temperature, and sends the current required fan rotating speed to an arbitration controller;
step S604, the system monitoring module generates the fan rotating speed required by the system at present according to the temperature of each CPU and the environment temperature of the important part of the system, and sends the fan rotating speed required by the system at present to the arbitration controller; the important part of the system comprises a main board air outlet;
step S606, the arbitration controller selects the maximum value from the fan rotating speed which is sent by each CPU and is currently required by the system and sent by the system detection module as the rotating speed requirement value;
in step S608, the arbitration controller sends the rotation speed demand value to the fan driving unit, so that the fan driving unit adjusts the rotation speed of the system fan according to the rotation speed demand value.
The order of step S602 and step S604 may be exchanged.
The method realizes an arbitration mechanism based on hardware, reduces software overhead and avoids system reliability risk caused by software failure; the system adopts two sets of heat dissipation mechanism arbitration architectures, wherein the failure of one set of control scheme does not cause the failure of the system, and the reliability is higher; the system scheme has strong expansibility, and the complexity of the implementation scheme cannot be increased due to the increase of the number of the managed systems.
The multi-CPU heat dissipation control system and the heat dissipation control method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the same technical characteristics, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments provided by the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-CPU heat dissipation control system is characterized by comprising at least two CPUs, an arbitration controller connected with each CPU, a fan driving unit connected with the arbitration controller and a system fan;
each CPU sends the current required fan rotating speed to the arbitration controller according to the running condition of the CPU or the current environment temperature;
the system also comprises a system monitoring module which is respectively connected with each CPU and the arbitration controller and is used for monitoring the temperature of each CPU and the environment temperature of important parts of the system, generating the fan rotating speed currently required by the system according to the temperature of each CPU and the environment temperature of important parts of the system and sending the fan rotating speed currently required by the system to the arbitration controller;
the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs and the system monitoring module, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value; sending the rotation speed demand value to a fan driving unit;
the fan drive unit adjusts the speed of the system fan based on the received speed demand.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the arbitration controller is a CPLD module.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system critical area comprises a main panel vent.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the system monitoring module comprises a single chip microcomputer and a temperature sensor connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the temperature sensor is arranged at an important part of the system.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the system monitor module is coupled to each CPU via a PECI bus.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein each CPU is connected to the arbitration controller via a UART chip or a PCH chip.
7. A heat dissipation control method is applied to the multi-CPU heat dissipation control system of any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
each CPU generates the current required fan rotating speed according to the self running condition or the current environment temperature, and sends the current required fan rotating speed to an arbitration controller;
the arbitration controller receives the currently required fan rotating speeds sent by the CPUs, and selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speeds as a rotating speed required value;
and the arbitration controller sends the rotating speed demand value to the fan driving unit so that the fan driving unit adjusts the rotating speed of the system fan according to the rotating speed demand value.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
the system monitoring module generates the fan rotating speed currently required by the system according to the temperature of each CPU and the environment temperature of the important part of the system, and sends the fan rotating speed currently required by the system to the arbitration controller; the important part of the system comprises a main board air outlet;
and the arbitration controller selects the maximum value from the currently required fan rotating speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan rotating speed of the system sent by the system detection module as a rotating speed requirement value.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the currently required fan speed sent by each CPU and the currently required fan speed of the system sent by the system detection module are both PWM signals.
10. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
the fan driving unit acquires the actual rotating speed of a system fan and feeds the actual rotating speed back to the arbitration controller;
and the arbitration controller returns the actual rotating speed to each CPU and the system detection module.
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