CN109975962B - Bilateral telecentric optical system with long working distance - Google Patents
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000005308 flint glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005331 crown glasses (windows) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/22—Telecentric objectives or lens systems
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Abstract
The application discloses a bilateral telecentric optical system with a long working distance, which comprises a front lens group, a diaphragm and a rear lens group which are sequentially arranged from front to back along the incidence direction of light rays; the front lens group comprises a first lens, and the rear lens group comprises a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens which are sequentially arranged from front to back; the image plane of the optical system is positioned at the rear end of the sixth lens; the first lens, the second lens and the fifth lens are biconvex lenses with positive focal power, the third lens and the sixth lens are biconcave lenses with negative focal power, and the fourth lens is plano-convex lenses with positive focal power; the second lens and the third lens group are double cemented lenses. The application adopts fewer optical lenses to realize bilateral telecentricity of object images and detection imaging with extremely low distortion, obtains the optical system design of near diffraction limit image quality, and can realize the integrated arrangement of the illumination light source component on the plane where the diaphragm is located.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical systems, in particular to a double-side telecentric optical system with a long working distance.
Background
The industrial detection technology based on the telecentric optical system is applied to the fields of high-end automation, machine vision and the like, promotes technical iteration and industrial upgrading of industries such as automobile industry, semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing, advanced material processing, aerospace high-precision assembly, household appliance manufacturing and the like, and has superiority in realizing product performance, efficiency, precision and cost control. The object-image bilateral telecentric optical system can eliminate the visual error of an object to be detected in the object space, can also eliminate the multiplying power error caused by the fact that the image-side detector is positioned at different image plane positions, obtains constant detection multiplying power, realizes the characteristic detection of undistorted shape, size and the like, and is widely applied to the field of industrial detection.
At present, various object-image double-side telecentric optical systems are applied to various industrial detection of PCB (printed circuit board), mobile phone products, ceramic filter cores, high-precision springs, light-transmitting products, precision mechanical parts and the like. The existing object image bilateral telecentric optical system on the market has the problems of more lenses, higher cost and the like, has the defects of larger edge distortion, higher telecentricity and the like in the aspect of imaging quality, and has huge volume and size after the illumination light source assembly is integrated.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a double-sided telecentric optical system with a long working distance, which realizes high resolution and extremely low distortion imaging through a small number of lenses.
The application solves the technical problems as follows: a bilateral telecentric optical system with long working distance comprises a front lens group, a diaphragm and a rear lens group which are sequentially arranged from front to back along the incidence direction of light;
the front lens group comprises a first lens, and the rear lens group comprises a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens which are sequentially arranged from front to back; the image plane of the optical system is positioned at the rear end of the sixth lens;
the first lens, the second lens and the fifth lens are biconvex lenses with positive focal power, the third lens and the sixth lens are biconcave lenses with negative focal power, and the fourth lens is plano-convex lenses with positive focal power;
the second lens and the third lens group are double cemented lenses.
Further, the focal power of the front lens group is positive, and the focal power of the rear lens group is positive; the focal power of the front lens group isThe focal power of the rear lens group is +.>Said->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
further, the ratio of the image height to the object height of the optical system is a magnification X, and the magnification X satisfies:
0.12≤|X|≤0.36。
further, the included angle between the principal ray and the optical axis of the light beams with different object points of the optical system is theta 1 The included angle between the principal ray of the light beam reaching the image plane and the optical axis is theta 2 The θ is 1 And theta 2 The method meets the following conditions:
0°≤|θ 1 |≤0.15°；
0°≤|θ 2 |≤0.25°。
further, the focal power of the second lens isThe third lens has optical power of +>Said->And->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
further, the combined focal power of the fourth lens and the fifth lens isThe focal power of the sixth lens is +.>Said->And->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
further, the total optical power of the optical system isThe first lens has optical power of +.>The focal power of the double-cemented lens formed by the second lens and the third lens is +.>The focal power of the fourth lens is +.>The focal power of the fifth lens is +.>The focal power of the sixth lens is +.>Then the following is satisfied:
further, the third lens is a thick lens.
Further, the first lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all made of flint glass, the second lens is made of crown glass, the fifth lens is made of lanthanum flint glass, and the sixth lens is made of barium flint glass.
Further, a CCD camera or a CMOS camera is arranged at the image plane, and the CCD camera or the CMOS camera is used for receiving object plane signals.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the application adopts a small number of optical lenses to solve the technical problem of realizing long working distance and high resolution detection imaging, realizes object image bilateral telecentricity and extremely low distortion detection imaging, obtains an optical system design of near diffraction limit image quality, and can realize the integrated arrangement of an illumination light source component on a plane where a diaphragm is located.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described are only some embodiments of the application, but not all embodiments, and that other designs and drawings can be obtained from these drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the composition of an optical system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated design of an illumination source assembly for an optical system according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the optical transfer function of an optical system of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a distortion chart of an optical system of the present application;
fig. 5 is a graph of the relative illuminance distribution of the optical system of the present application.
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects produced by the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present application. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments of the present application. In addition, all connection relationships mentioned herein do not refer to direct connection of the components, but rather, refer to a connection structure that may be better formed by adding or subtracting connection aids depending on the particular implementation. The technical features in the application can be interactively combined on the premise of no contradiction and conflict.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a double-sided telecentric optical system with a long working distance includes a front lens group, a stop 700, and a rear lens group sequentially disposed from front to back along a light incident direction;
the front lens group includes a first lens 100, and the rear lens group includes a second lens 200, a third lens 300, a fourth lens 400, a fifth lens 500, and a sixth lens 600, which are sequentially disposed from front to rear; the image plane 800 of the optical system is located at the rear end of the sixth lens 600;
the first lens 100, the second lens 200 and the fifth lens 500 are all biconvex lenses with positive focal power, the third lens 300 and the sixth lens 600 are biconcave lenses with negative focal power, and the fourth lens 400 is a plano-convex lens with positive focal power;
the second lens 200 and the third lens 300 constitute a cemented doublet.
Preferably, the third lens 300 is a thick lens.
The diaphragm 700 is an aperture diaphragm.
The object plane of the optical system is located at the front end of the first lens 100.
As an optimization, the focal power of the front lens group is positive, and the focal power of the rear lens group is positive;
the focal power of the front lens group isThe focal power of the rear lens group is +.>Said->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
as optimization, the ratio of the image height to the object height of the optical system is a magnification X, and the magnification X satisfies:
0.12≤|X|≤0.36。
the object plane is imaged by the optical system and then is imaged on the image plane 800 in a reduced manner.
As optimization, the included angle between the chief ray and the optical axis of the light beams with different object points of the optical system is theta 1 The included angle between the principal ray of the light beam reaching the image plane 800 and the optical axis is theta 2 The θ is 1 And theta 2 The method meets the following conditions:
0°≤|θ 1 |≤0.15°；
0°≤|θ 2 |≤0.25°。
as an optimization, the optical power of the second lens 200 isThe third lens 300 has optical power +.>Said->And->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
the optical surface of the second lens 200, which is close to the diaphragm 700, is a first optical surface, and the first optical surface is in a curved state and faces away from the diaphragm 700, so as to generate positive distortion aberration to compensate the aberration of the optical system; the third lens 300 is a thick lens, reduces the height of the outgoing light, and generates a certain field curvature aberration to play a role of system flat field.
As an optimization, the combined focal power of the fourth lens 400 and the fifth lens 500 is thatThe optical power of the sixth lens 600 is +.>Said->And->The ratio of (2) is as follows:
the fourth lens 400 with plano-convex positive power, the fifth lens 500 with biconvex positive power and the sixth lens 600 with biconcave negative power in the rear lens group mainly realize the design of an image space telecentric optical path, and the sixth lens 600 is close to the image plane 800 to compensate the residual distortion and field curvature aberration of the optical system.
As an optimization, the total focal power of the optical system isThe first lens 100 has an optical power of +.>The optical power of the cemented doublet composed of the second lens 200 and the third lens 300 is +.>The fourth lens 400 has optical power +.>The optical power of the fifth lens 500 is +.>The optical power of the sixth lens 600 is +.>Then the following is satisfied:
as an optimization, the materials of the first lens 100, the third lens 300 and the fourth lens 400 are all made of flint glass, the material of the second lens 200 is made of crown glass, the material of the fifth lens 500 is made of lanthanum flint glass, and the material of the sixth lens 600 is made of barium flint glass.
The optical system only adopts one large-caliber optical lens, the other lenses are small-caliber, and all lens materials are low-cost conventional glass materials, so that the manufacturing cost of the optical lens is greatly reduced, and the mass industrialized manufacturing and popularization are easy to realize.
As an optimization, a CCD camera or a CMOS camera is disposed at the image plane 800, and the CCD camera or the CMOS camera is used for receiving the object plane signal, so as to obtain clear and high-resolution object plane information.
The application adopts an optical system structure type with asymmetric distribution, and the lens of the front lens group is reduced to only one lens, so that aberration correction pressure is concentrated on the rear lens group, and the complicated design and configuration optimization are carried out. The rear lens group firstly adopts a double-cemented lens to correct chromatic aberration of the system and compensates certain distortion, and by properly increasing the thickness of the negative lens in double-cemented, the light emission height is reduced, and aberration correction pressure is reduced. Finally, a lens combination pattern of positive, positive and negative power distribution is adopted, so that the light beam is imaged on the image plane 800 in a telecentric mode, and a flat field design is realized. The imaging quality near the diffraction limit is finally obtained.
In this embodiment, the object side telecentricity is not more than 0.15 °, the image side telecentricity is not more than 0.25 °, the object side telecentricity design can effectively solve the problem of perspective image distortion, and the image side telecentricity design can be combined to realize a fixed magnification without being affected by the position of the image plane 800. The object space telecentricity design result of the lens shows that the principal ray of the imaging object plane is parallel to the optical axis, and the imaging multiplying power of the optical system on the object height can not be influenced no matter where the object plane is located. That is, the magnification of the image space and the object space is constant, providing the lens with an image acquisition capability that has a low distortion and eliminates visual errors. The distortion of the full field of view is not more than 0.02%, so that the measurement error caused by distortion is eliminated, and the measurement accuracy of the optical system is improved.
In the embodiment, the technical problem of realizing long working distance and high-resolution detection imaging is solved by adopting fewer optical lenses, and the detection imaging with double-side telecentricity and extremely low distortion of an object image is realized, so that the optical system design of near-diffraction limit image quality is obtained.
The optical system only adopts 6 lenses to reach the near diffraction limit imaging quality, has the advantages of small volume, light weight and low manufacturing cost, and is favorable for popularization in the market.
The optical system has compact structure, realizes object image bilateral telecentric design by adopting only 6 conventional spherical lens elements, obtains image quality with near diffraction limit and extremely low distortion design, and meets the requirement of high-resolution detection imaging of high-end industrial detection machine vision.
According to the parameter design requirement of the optical system, the embodiment designs a bilateral telecentric optical system with long working distance, which meets the parameter requirement of the optical system, and the technical indexes achieved by the optical system are as follows:
image side numerical aperture: 0.075;
object imaging dimensions: 35mm;
object space working distance: 200mm;
magnification ratio: 0.2;
optical relative distortion: less than or equal to 0.02 percent;
imaging spectrum band: 486 nm-656 nm;
object space telecentricity: less than or equal to 0.15 degrees;
telecentricity of the pixel: less than or equal to 0.25 degrees;
total optical length: less than or equal to 245mm;
relative illuminance: 99.2% or more.
In the present embodiment, the front lens group has no optical lens at other positions except for one piece of the first lens 100 of biconvex positive power corresponding to the object plane size, without adding a mounting structure; therefore, the illumination light source assembly can be arranged on the plane where the diaphragm 700 is located, light emitted by the illumination light source is not blocked by the optical lens or the structural member, and uniform illumination of an object plane can be realized by combining the emergent property of parallel light.
The optical system has the characteristic of integrating the illumination light source component, is beneficial to reducing the light path component coupling the illumination light source to the object plane and reduces the development cost of products.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 illustrates an illustration of the integrated design of the illumination source assembly implemented in the plane of the diaphragm 700 in this embodiment. Where Obj in fig. 2 is an object plane, an LED is an illumination light source, LEDAssem is a component for mounting the illumination light source, lenssstruct is a lens barrel structure for mounting a front lens group and an illumination light source component, and L is light projected to the object plane after passing through the front lens group. The plane where the diaphragm 700 is located is the focal plane position of the front lens group, and light emitted by the illumination light source is placed on the plane and then uniformly emitted as parallel light after passing through the front lens group.
The front lens group only has one large-caliber lens with the caliber equivalent to the object plane, and no other lenses with different calibers are arranged in front of the diaphragm 700; because the plane where the diaphragm 700 is located at the focal plane position of the front lens group, and the illumination light source component is arranged outside the light-transmitting aperture of the diaphragm 700, the light emitted by the illumination light source can pass through the front lens group without being blocked and is projected on the object plane in a parallel light emergent mode, the illumination light source component is integrated in the optical system, other optical elements are not required to be used for coupling illumination light to be projected on the object plane, and the design of high integration and miniaturization is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows the distribution of the optical transfer function curve of the whole optical system in the present embodiment, where the optical transfer function value of all fields of view of the optical system reaches 0.34 at 130lp/mm, so as to achieve near diffraction limit image quality and good imaging quality.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a distortion distribution curve of the optical system of the present embodiment, the distortion is not more than 0.02%, and is close to zero, so as to effectively avoid measurement errors caused by the distortion.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows the image plane illuminance distribution of the optical system of the present embodiment, where the uniformity of the image plane illuminance reaches over 99.2% in the imaging range, and the uniformity of the image plane illuminance is ensured.
The application adopts a small number of optical lenses to solve the technical problem of realizing long working distance and high resolution detection imaging, realizes object image bilateral telecentricity and extremely low distortion detection imaging, obtains an optical system design of near diffraction limit image quality, and can realize the integrated arrangement of an illumination light source component on a plane where a diaphragm is located.
While the preferred embodiment of the present application has been described in detail, the application is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and these modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance, characterized in that: the lens comprises a front lens group, a diaphragm and a rear lens group which are sequentially arranged from front to back along the incidence direction of light rays;
the front lens group comprises a first lens, and the rear lens group comprises a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens which are sequentially arranged from front to back; the image plane of the optical system is positioned at the rear end of the sixth lens;
the first lens, the second lens and the fifth lens are biconvex lenses with positive focal power, the third lens and the sixth lens are biconcave lenses with negative focal power, and the fourth lens is plano-convex lenses with positive focal power;
the second lens and the third lens group are double cemented lenses;
the focal power of the front lens group is positive, and the focal power of the rear lens group is positive;
the focal power of the front lens group is phi A, the focal power of the rear lens group is phi B, and the ratio of phi B/phi A meets the following conditions:
4.05≤|φB/φA|≤4.85；
the focal power of the second lens is phi B 1 The focal power of the third lens is phi B 2 The phi B is 2 And phi B 1 The ratio of (2) is as follows:
1.30≤|φB 2 /φB 1 |≤1.65；
the combined focal power of the fourth lens and the fifth lens is phi B 34 The focal power of the sixth lens is phi B 5 The phi B is 5 And phi B 34 The ratio of (2) is as follows:
0.68≤|φB 5 /φB 34 |≤0.85；
the total focal power of the optical system is phi, and the focal power of the first lens is phi A 1 The focal power of the double-cemented lens formed by the second lens and the third lens is phi B 12 The focal power of the fourth lens is phi B 3 The focal power of the fifth lens is phi B 4 The focal power of the sixth lens is phi B 5 Then the following is satisfied:
4.05≤|φA 1 /φ|≤4.65；
3.28≤|φB 12 /φ|≤3.74；
11.25≤|φB 3 /φ|≤13.45；
24.75≤|φB 4 /φ|≤27.85；
26.25≤|φB 5 /φ|≤29.45。
2. a double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the image height to the object height of the optical system is an amplification factor X, and the amplification factor X meets the following conditions:
0.12≤|X|≤0.36。
3. a double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between the principal ray and the optical axis of the light beams with different object points of the optical system is theta 1 The included angle between the principal ray of the light beam reaching the image plane and the optical axis is theta 2 The θ is 1 And theta 2 Satisfy the following requirements：
0°≤|θ 1 |≤0.15°；
0°≤|θ 2 |≤0.25°。
4. A double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third lens is a thick lens.
5. A double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are made of flint glass, the second lens is made of crown glass, the fifth lens is made of lanthanum flint glass, and the sixth lens is made of barium flint glass.
6. A double-sided telecentric optical system with long working distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a CCD camera or a CMOS camera is arranged at the image plane and is used for receiving object plane signals.
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| CN110471166B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2024-02-13 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Low-distortion compact high-resolution fisheye lens optical system |
| CN113534101A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 锐驰智光(北京)科技有限公司 | Optical system and laser radar |
| CN114578516B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-04-02 | 深圳市视清科技有限公司 | Optical lens with stable imaging quality |
| CN115128782B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-02-02 | 闽都创新实验室 | High-magnification long-working-distance coaxial illumination telecentric optical system and lens |
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