CN109972054A - A kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method - Google Patents

A kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Download PDF

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CN109972054A
CN109972054A CN201910403308.3A CN201910403308A CN109972054A CN 109972054 A CN109972054 A CN 109972054A CN 201910403308 A CN201910403308 A CN 201910403308A CN 109972054 A CN109972054 A CN 109972054A
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powder
casting
iron
temperature
ferro
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罗丰华
吴子恺
李东阳
王铸博
孙金达
杨坤
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Central South University
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Priority claimed from CN201810589776.XA external-priority patent/CN108570617A/en
Priority claimed from CN201810587660.2A external-priority patent/CN108707833A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron

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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, the mass percentage of alloy each element are Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, the content of Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, Er:0.03~1.6, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe；Wherein C, B gross mass percentage composition are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；The gross mass percentage composition of Nb, V are as follows: 0.5~1.0.First getting out Fe- carbonic acid bait, Fe- carbonic acid erbium or Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact, alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment carry out melting, casting and heat treatment, and 1500~1620 DEG C of fusion temperature.Ingot casting integral hardness prepared by the present invention reaches HRC65.8~70.4, and impact flexibility reaches 10.7~16.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1096~1740MPa.

Description

A kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, and it is solid to be related to a kind of fine hard phase and supersaturation that rare earth erbium is rotten Solution, martensitic matrix phase wear and corrosion resistant cast iron alloy and its component preparation method, can be widely used for electric power, metallurgy, machine Mechanical wearing piece manufacture in the industries such as tool, chemical industry.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloy is mainly with Fe2B or M2B is hard phase, has good toughness and high rigidity, height Corrosion resistance, melting-casting manufacturability is good, has very wide application prospect.
Metamorphism treatment is to improve one of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy structure and mechanical property effective ways.Alterant is according to effect The elements such as strong carbon, nitrogen, sulfide formation element, such as Ti, V, and strong constitutional supercooling element, such as surface active element can be divided into Rare earth (RE), Mg etc..
Rare earth element is gathered on the solid growth interface of liquid, and limitation crystal grain is grown up, to improve the hardness of alloy, intensity and resistance to Mill property；And thinning microstructure, so that boride suspension shape and graininess distribution is occurred, improves impact flexibility.Research shows that: in Fe-Cr- The cerium (Ce) of addition 0.6% can make impact flexibility improve 86.4% in B-C alloy.Add the mixing alterant of 1.0% (Ce+La) Into Fe-Cr-B alloy, the hardness of alloy increases to 70.2HRC by 52HRC, and impact flexibility is by 3.36J/cm2It is increased to 6.38J/cm2。
RE Modified can rare earth alloy or rare-earth wires single Modification Manners, can also take compound modification treatment, i.e., with N, The mixture of the elements such as Ti, V, Mg, Si and rare earth is as alterant.Silicon Mg mixed rare-earth alterant (RE-Si-Mg) is most common It is composite inoculating method, studies have shown that: Fe-Cr-B-C alloy impact toughness after RE-Si-Mg is rotten is higher than not rotten premise 72.2%；After RE-Ti goes bad and is heat-treated, impact flexibility improves 1.8 times；Through RE-Mg go bad impact flexibility improve 34.6%；Desmachyme all disappears after RE-Ti-N is rotten, and toughness improves 133.3%；Through RE-Mg-V-Ti Metamorphism treatment Afterwards, impact flexibility reaches 15.6J/cm2；After RE-Ti-Si-V Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility reaches 12J/cm2More than.
These have a common difficulty, the i.e. pure rare earth, rare earth alloy of high activity or multiple using the method for RE Modified Close rare earth material.Due to the high activity of rare earth, so that the tissue of alloy, performance are difficult to control after alterant itself or Metamorphism treatment System, modification effect are difficult to ensure.
Document 1:LM cathode research-emission principle and present Research [D] Beijing University of Technology, 2001:pp44-50.Carbonization La2O3The chemical balance of-Mo alloy:
3Mo2C(s)+La2O3(s)=2La (s, l)+3CO (g)+6Mo
Due to Mo2The effect of C, the reduction reaction free enthalpy variation for generating simple substance La is small very much, thus reaction product La With the also high 10 several orders of magnitude of the equilibrium partial pressure of CO.When temperature is higher than 1673K, i.e., 1400 DEG C, CO partial pressure is lower than E-9atm When, reaction equation can carry out to the right automatically, i.e. reduction generates simple substance La.
Patent document 2: Authorization Notice No. CN 105695884B, the antifriction alloy hardness of preparation are HRC66~70, impact 4~9J/cm of toughness2.The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is lower, and bending strength is lower, 346~477MPa range limits the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Document 3: the rapid cooling microstructure and property of eutectic Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, casting, 2017,66 (10): 1053~1056. The rapid cooling tissue of as cast condition Fe-Cr-B-C alloy by martensite+retained austenite matrix and along the continuous net-shaped distribution of crystal boundary (Fe, Cr)2(B,C)+(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6Hard phase composition.The microhardness of rapid cooling tissue matrix phase is 800~880HV, hard Phase microhardness is 1150~1400HV, macrohardness HRC68, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2；And it is moved back through 960 DEG C of@2h After fire, matrix is changed into ferrite and nodular cementite, hard phase (Fe, Cr)2(B, C) and (Fe, Cr)23(B,C)6On a small quantity There is suspension, cenotype (Fe, Cr) occur in dissolution, regional area3(B, C), matrix phase microhardness is 330~400HV after annealing, Hard phase is 850~1250HV, and macrohardness is reduced to HRC46, and impact flexibility is reduced to 3.4J/cm2.3 acquired results of document Reflect that the hardness of matrix phase plays significant role to the hardness and impact flexibility of such material；Using high temperature solid solution quenching-low temperature Tempering, is improved the solid solubility of matrix phase and the possibility of hardness, referenced patent document 2, such alloy after Overheating Treatment, In aspect of performance such as impact flexibility, there are also the possibility promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment methods.This method uses Er2O3, erbium nitrate or carbonic acid erbium be alterant, carbide, boride in high temperature melting state Fe-Cr-B-C alloy have The thermodynamic condition for promoting high activity Er element to be formed, and compound containing Er is formed in C, B, so that casting alloy structure refinement, There is suspension shape and graininess distribution is presented in carbon boride；After heat treatment, matrix be high rigidity polynary supersaturated solid solution, The non-equilibrium phases such as martensite, so that alloy has good toughness, high rigidity and higher intensity index.
Er2O3, erbium nitrate or carbonic acid erbium be added directly into melt sink in the melt, segregation, influence modification effect, therefore The present invention uses Er2O3, erbium nitrate or carbonic acid erbium powder and iron powder after mixing, be molded into powder compact, then with Fe-Cr-B- C casting alloy melts together.Er2O3The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:5~20, forms the mixed of Fe-4.16~14.58wt.%Er Combined pressure block；Or the mass ratio of erbium nitrate powder and iron powder is 1:3~10, forms the mixing briquetting of Fe-3.43~9.43wt.%Er； Or the mass ratio of carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder is 1:3~13, forms the mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64~16.25wt.%Er.Er contains The too high levels for measuring too low then Fe, will affect burdening calculation；And Er too high levels then green compact forming difficulty.Wherein Er2O3Powder be containing Amount is more than 99.0% pink powder；Erbium nitrate is pink hydrate, and erbium nitrate content is more than after dehydration and drying 99.0%；Carbonic acid erbium is pink hydrate, and carbonic acid erbium content is more than 99.0% after dehydration and drying.Fe powder be reduction Fe powder or Water atomization Fe powder, in Fe powder can containing the element in the alloying element or impurity ranges in modified cast iron, such as Ni, V, Cr, Being subject to does not influence briquette forming and influence burdening calculation.
The high-wearing feature for the patent document 2 that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloy are basic alloy, then are added Add 0.03~1.6%Er element rotten.The multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, Er is formed, each element Mass percentage be Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn's Content is less than 0.3, Er:0.03~1.6, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；The summation of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.
Referring to patent document 2, when specifically preparing alloy, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Vanadium iron, pure iron, etc. according to component requirements ingredient.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to the raw material and composition of preparation invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality determine.Wherein ferrochrome, Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used to balance C content.It is pure Iron includes electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) powder compact containing Er is prepared, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er
Fe-Er2O3Powder compact: by iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact；Er2O3Powder and iron powder Mass ratio be 1:5~20, formed Fe-4.16~14.58%Er Fe-Er2O3Mix briquetting.
Or Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact: after mixing by iron powder and erbium nitrate powder, it is molded into powder compact；Erbium nitrate The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:3~10, forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.43~9.43wt.%Er.
Or Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact: after mixing by iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder, it is molded into powder compact；Carbonic acid bait The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:3~13, forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64~14.25wt.%Er.
(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, then add 0.03~1.6%Er Element is rotten.First by Fe-Er2O3, Fe- erbium nitrate or Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact be placed in furnace bottom, be then placed in ferrochrome, gold Belong to chromium, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.Induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used carry out melting and prepares alloy.
Fusion temperature is 1500~1620 DEG C, reduces furnace power after being completely melt, melt temperature is down to 1320~ 1380 DEG C, then with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5~10 minutes.
(3) it casts
Cast temperature is 1260~1320 DEG C, and in order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, die sinking temperature will be lower than after having cast 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.
Invention alloy has deep eutectic ingredient, and non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under the conditions of common sand casting, Such as amorphous, nanocrystalline or martensitic structure.Alloy is eutectic composition, and melt has good mobility fine, can be by each Kind of method casting and forming, as normal sands Mold casting or model casting, lost foam casting, permanent mold casting, ceramic mold casting, The special casting method such as die casting, centrifugal casting.
(4) it is heat-treated
Casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h.Heat temperature raising Speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.
Step (1) iron powder is purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, grain Spend the water-atomized iron powder of -100 mesh, or quite granularity containing not influencing the alloy iron powder of casting alloy ingredient on a small quantity.It can also To select the powder of smaller particle size, the compact strength with subsequent ingredient and furnace charge preparation is not influenced can be pressed by being subject to.
Step (1) is described to be uniformly mixed into mixed cartridge type mixing, V-type mixing or stir mixing, substantial uniform to realize ?.
Step (1) green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, and green compact size is unlimited.It can also adopt Take isostatic cool pressing method.
Step (2) is by Fe-Er2O3, Fe- erbium nitrate or Fe- carbonic acid bait the powder compact purpose that is placed in furnace bottom is: chromium The substances such as iron, ferro-boron have the fusion temperature lower than pure iron, therefore can preferentially melt and be impregnated into the Fe-Er of bottom2O3, Fe- nitre Sour erbium or Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact, so that straight iron powder gradually melts, so that Fe-Er2O3Release Er2O3Powder particle；Nitre Sour erbium pyrolysis is at tiny Er2O3And oxynitrides；Carbonic acid erbium is pyrolyzed into tiny Er2O3And CO2。Er2O3Density it is slightly higher In melt, about 8.64g/cm3, will disperse in the melt.The Er of dispersion2O3Particle is by Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide restore to be formed Active Er element, and reacted with C, B, it is formed and is similar to Er (B, C)4Compound.CO, the CO formed in reaction process2Equal gases Molecule can be adsorbed on Er2O3Around particle, Er is driven2O3Particle floats, so that Elemental redistribution is uniform, modification effect is improved.Wherein Oxynitrides and CO2The floating-upward process of gas molecule facilitates melt slagging-off.
By the metamorphism of Er, the reticular structure and Needle-shaped boride of distribution along crystal boundary disappear, and alloy is by primary crystal matrix phase It is formed with eutectic structure, this eutectic structure, which is interted by tiny matrix phase with hard phase, to be formed, so that the intensity and punching of alloy Toughness is hit to be improved.
If Er2O3, erbium nitrate or carbonic acid bait is not previously prepared is placed in furnace bottom at briquetting, then be easy to produce segregation. Er2O3It is not easy to be reduced to form active Er, and loses modification effect.
The Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide are formed by C and Fe element reaction when high carbon ferro-chrome and fusing, due to Fe3C、 Cr3C2The stability of equal carbide at high temperature is not so good as Mo2C, and the temperature melted is more than 1400 DEG C of reactions described in document 1 Temperature, the partial pressure of CO gas is also extremely low in melt；And the property of Er and La is much like, therefore similar to document 1, generates and lives The reduction reaction of property Er can carry out.EDS energy spectrum analysis, which also indicates that, contains Er element in casting alloy object phase.
Step (4) is when hardening heat is 950~1060 DEG C, as hardening heat increases, some dissolution of hard phase Into matrix phase, so that matrix phase volume fraction increases, while alloying element content is also improved in matrix phase, can be formed after quenching The martensitic structure of more high rigidity.Hereby it is ensured that whole hardness and comprehensive performance.
The tissue of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy is cast mainly by hard phase (Fe2B or M2B etc.) and matrix phase (α or martensitic phase) Composition.The hardness of alloy depends primarily on the volume ratio of hard phase, i.e. hard phase is higher, and the hardness of material is bigger.But due to hard Matter is mutually excessive, and matrix phase intensity is lower, will lead to integral hardness decline, toughness deficiency.Therefore, in addition to hard phase and matrix phase Ratio is outside determinant, and the characteristic of matrix phase is also critically important.When hardening heat is lower than 950 DEG C, hard phase can be analysed from matrix Out, so that material hardness declines, impact flexibility etc. is reduced.Continue raising hardening heat and reach 1100 DEG C, will cause office in casting Portion's burning, so that alloy ductility declines.
The Fe-Cr-B-C alloy that Er Modification Manners of the invention are not limited to, can also be applied to other cast irons and C content is higher Smelting iron and steel is rotten, micronization processes.
It is of the invention to be mainly characterized by directly using Er2O3, erbium nitrate or carbonic acid erbium powder mixed with iron powder, form powder compact, As the rotten carrier of Er element.Utilize Fe in Fe-Cr-B-C alloy high-temp melt3C、Cr3C2The reduction of equal carbide is formed Active Er element, and reacted with C, B, it is formed and is similar to Er (B, C)4Compound, avoid the occurrence of the netted and needle-shaped knot of boride Structure promotes tiny eutectic structure to be formed, and plays the rotten toughening effect of thinning microstructure.Again by quenching-tempering, so that base Volume fraction, solid solubility and the hardness of body phase increase, so as to improve the rapport between matrix phase and boron, carbon compound. Er2O3Ingot casting hardness reaches HRC65.8~70.4 when for raw material, and impact flexibility reaches 13.1~16.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches Ingot casting hardness reaches HRC66.3~67.8 when to 1328~1571MPa or erbium nitrate being raw material, and impact flexibility reaches 10.7~ 14J/cm2, bending strength reaches ingot casting hardness when 1096~1316MPa or carbonic acid bait are raw material and reaches HRC65.8~69.2, Impact flexibility reaches 12.7~16.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1462~1740MPa.
Detailed description of the invention
1 cast sturcture of Fig. 1 present example figure；
9 cast sturcture of Fig. 2 present example figure；
17 cast sturcture of Fig. 3 present example figure；
17 casting alloy X-ray diffracting spectrum of Fig. 4 present example；
The EDS map and ingredient of 17 casting matrix phase of Fig. 5 present example.
Specific embodiment
Various method of smelting of the invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, any to want in right of the invention The improvements and changes in range for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, straight iron powder, fine aluminium, Er2O3 Powder, erbium nitrate, carbonic acid bait etc. are raw material, are configured to alloy in the composition range that invention requires.
Embodiment 1. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:5, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-14.58wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:0.2wt.%； Er:0.8wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand mold die cast. Specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1380 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.15% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling.It is cold But it should be stirred continuously during, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment temperature is naturally cooled to Degree.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.6, and impact flexibility reaches 14.5J/cm2, bending strength reach 1330MPa.
Fig. 1 is 1 casting alloy tissue of embodiment, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other Alloy is mutually white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 1, wherein eutectic phase is Fe Mutually with the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.
Embodiment 2. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:20, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-4.16wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Er:0.03wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps Are as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.Fusing Temperature is 1520 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% Fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 after having cast DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling.It is cooling It should be stirred continuously in the process, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment temperature is naturally cooled to Degree.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.7, and impact flexibility reaches 15.8J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1418MPa.
Embodiment 3. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:10, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-7.95wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Er:0.6wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.9, and impact flexibility reaches 13.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1358MPa。
Embodiment 4. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:15, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-5.47wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Er: 0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5% buck quenching cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.0, and impact flexibility reaches 13.1J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1571MPa.
Embodiment 5. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:12, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-6.73Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:0.1wt.%； Er:0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting, Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.8, and impact flexibility reaches 16.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1328MPa。
Embodiment 6. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:8, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-9.72wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Er:0.3wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.14% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC70.4, and impact flexibility reaches 15.1J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1418MPa。
Embodiment 7. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:9, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-8.75wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.2wt.%； Er:0.10wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting can be used and the molding that disappears It makes.Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.3, and impact flexibility reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1520MPa。
Embodiment 8. uses iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Er2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:16, that is, form the Fe-Er of Fe-5.14wt.%Er2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is Raw material, composition range are as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:0.4wt.%； Er:0.08wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, because This is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting, Specific step is as follows:
By Fe-Er2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1300 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.4, and impact flexibility reaches 16.3J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1544MPa。
Embodiment 9. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:3 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-9.43wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Er:0.6wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand Mold casting.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1370 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.1, and impact flexibility reaches 14.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1198MPa.
Fig. 2 is 9 casting alloy tissue of embodiment, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other Alloy is mutually white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 2, wherein eutectic phase is Fe Mutually with the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.
Embodiment 10. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:10 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.43wt.%Er.The load to go bad as rare earth Er Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Er:0.04wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps Are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten Changing temperature is 1520 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.Die sinking temperature wants low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.8, and impact flexibility reaches 11.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1096MPa.
Embodiment 11. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:8 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.19wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Er:0.4wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.6, and impact flexibility reaches 12.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1121MPa。
Embodiment 12. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:7 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.72wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Er: 0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 5% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.3, and impact flexibility reaches 13.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1292MPa。
Embodiment 13 uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:6 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.39wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V: 0.1wt.%；Er:0.05wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.3, and impact flexibility reaches 12.3J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1208MPa。
Embodiment 14. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.77wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Er:0.08wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.0, and impact flexibility reaches 12.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1176MPa。
Embodiment 15. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-7.55wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Er:0.18wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, can be used induction melting and Lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.4, and impact flexibility reaches 10.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1316MPa。
Embodiment 16. uses iron powder and erbium nitrate powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-6.29wt.%Er.The carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- erbium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V: 0.4wt.%；Er:0.32wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.8, and impact flexibility reaches 11.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1288MPa。
Embodiment 17. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:3 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-16.25wt.%Er, the load to go bad as rare earth Er Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Er:1.6wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand Mold casting.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1650 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1360 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.3, and impact flexibility reaches 12.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1462MPa.
Fig. 3 is 17 cast sturcture of embodiment figure, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other Alloy is mutually white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 3, wherein eutectic phase is Fe Mutually with the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.Fig. 4 is the X-ray diffracting spectrum of 17 casting alloy of embodiment, Display alloy substrate is α-Fe phase, and diffraction maximum is wider, and 65oIt is wider nearby, therefore be the martensite for having a large amount of Cr solid solutions Phase, carbon, boron compound Fe2B、Fe3C and Cr23C6Based on complex chemical compound, and show Er (B, C)6Compound is deposited ?；Fig. 5 embodiment 17 is casting alloy matrix phase EDS map and analysis as a result, EDS can only be in the qualitative analysis of ingredient, as a result It shows in alloy there are Er element, illustrates Er2O3Effect is produced with melt, makes Er element that alloying occur, it is rotten to play melt Effect.
Embodiment 18. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:13 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64wt.%Er, the load to go bad as rare earth Er Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Er:0.08wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps Are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten Changing temperature is 1500 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.Die sinking temperature wants low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.1, and impact flexibility reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1530MPa.
Embodiment 19. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:10 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-5.91wt.%Er, the load to go bad as rare earth Er Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Er:0.1wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.9, and impact flexibility reaches 16.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1610MPa。
Embodiment 20. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-6.50wt.%Er, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Er: 0.3wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 5% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC6.1, and impact flexibility reaches 12.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1670MPa。
Embodiment 21. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-13.0wt.%Er, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V: 0.1wt.%；Er:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.2, and impact flexibility reaches 14.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1482MPa。
Embodiment 22. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-10.84wt.%Er, the load to go bad as rare earth Er Body.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Er2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, Composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Er:0.80wt.%；Impurity Control of element is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2. After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1335 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.8, and impact flexibility reaches 15.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1740MPa。
Embodiment 23. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:6 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-9.29wt.%Er, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Er:1.0wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, can be used induction melting and Lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.9, and impact flexibility reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1692MPa。
Embodiment 24. uses iron powder and carbonic acid bait powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:7 forms the Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting of Fe-8.13wt.%Er, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- carbonic acid bait mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V: 0.4wt.%；Er:1.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- carbonic acid bait powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.1, and impact flexibility reaches 15.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1486MPa。
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below:
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machine, load 150Kg makes a call to five It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machine, range 150J is beaten It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample having a size of 2 × 5 × The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength of 2 embodiment of table

Claims (5)

1. a kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy, it is characterised in that: the mass percentage of alloy each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, B: The content of 2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, Er:0.03~1.6, S, P: ≤ 0.01, surplus Fe；Wherein C, B gross mass percentage composition are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；Nb, V's Gross mass percentage composition are as follows: 0.5~1.0.
2. casting and the heat treatment method of erbium toughening high hard alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step It is rapid:
(1) powder compact containing Er prepares
Using iron powder and Er2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact；Er2O3The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:5~20, Form the Fe-Er of Fe-4.16~14.58%Er2O3Briquetting is mixed, the carrier to go bad as rare earth Er；Or erbium nitrate powder and iron powder Mass ratio be 1:3~10, formed Fe-3.43~9.43wt.%Er mixing briquetting or carbonic acid bait powder and iron powder mass ratio For 1:3~13, the mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64~16.25wt.%Er is formed；
(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, then add 0.03~1.6%Er element It is rotten: first by Fe-Er2O3, Fe- carbonic acid erbium or Fe- erbium nitrate powder compact be placed in furnace bottom, be then placed in ferrochrome, metal Chromium, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron prepare alloy using induction furnace melting, and 1500~1620 DEG C of fusion temperature；Then it reduces Furnace power, after melt temperature is down to 1320~1380 DEG C, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1~0.15%；After continuation of insurance Temperature stands 5~10 minutes；
(3) it casts
Cast temperature range is 1260~1320 DEG C, and designed alloy has deep eutectic ingredient, in common sand casting item Non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under part, by various methods casting and forming, in order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, cast Die sinking temperature is lower than 200 DEG C afterwards, naturally cools to environment temperature；
(4) it is heat-treated
Casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h, heat temperature raising speed No more than 10 DEG C/min；After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered into 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cools down, in cooling procedure It should be stirred continuously, quench cooling time >=30min；Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, environment temperature is naturally cooled to Degree.
3. casting and the heat treatment method of erbium toughening high hard alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that step (1) is described Iron powder is purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, the water atomization iron of -100 mesh of granularity Powder, perhaps quite granularity containing on a small quantity do not influence casting alloy ingredient alloy iron powder or select smaller particle size powder, The compact strength with subsequent ingredient and furnace charge preparation is not influenced can be pressed by being subject to.
4. casting and the heat treatment method of erbium toughening high hard alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) is described Uniformly it is mixed into mixed cartridge type mixing, V-type mixing or stir mixing.
5. casting and the heat treatment method of erbium toughening high hard alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) is described Green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, or takes isostatic cool pressing method.
CN201910403308.3A 2018-06-08 2019-05-15 A kind of erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Withdrawn CN109972054A (en)

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CN201810587672.5A CN108441775A (en) 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of carbonic acid erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
CN201810589776.XA CN108570617A (en) 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of rare earth erbium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
CN2018105876602 2018-06-08
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