CN109971421B

CN109971421B - Manufacturing device and manufacturing method of composite particles for grinding and polishing

Info

Publication number: CN109971421B
Application number: CN201910214770.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘继生; 张棋翔; 阎秋生; 陈志君
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-03-20
Filing date: 2019-03-20
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-20
Also published as: CN109971421A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining, in particular to a device and a method for manufacturing composite particles for grinding and polishing, which comprises the following steps: working plate, generating device, reducing mechanism, refine device and collection device: the generating device is fixed on the working plate, a mechanical stirring device is arranged above the generating device, and dynamic magnetic field stirring devices are arranged on two sides of the generating device; the crushing device is arranged below the generating device and is provided with an inlet; the refining device is arranged below the crushing device, is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the crushing device and is provided with an abrasive cavity; the collecting device is arranged below the refining device, a baffle plate which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the collecting device, and a screening magnet is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side of the collecting device. The abrasive particles are wrapped on the surfaces of the magnetic particles, so that the abrasive particles are changed from a free state to a semi-fixed state, the effective action of the abrasive particles on a workpiece is ensured, the utilization rate of the abrasive particles is improved, and the uniformity of the polishing effect is ensured.

Description

Manufacturing device and manufacturing method of composite particles for grinding and polishing

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining technologies, and more particularly, to an apparatus and a method for manufacturing composite particles for polishing.

Background

The magnetorheological grinding technology and the magnetorheological polishing technology have wide application range due to the fact that the magnetorheological grinding technology and the magnetorheological polishing technology can obtain high processing surface quality, and work of the magnetorheological grinding technology and the magnetorheological polishing technology is to grind or polish the surface of a workpiece by utilizing the effect of the magnetorheological fluid on a high-gradient magnetic field. At present, the common magnetorheological fluid is prepared by uniformly mixing abrasive materials and magnetic particles, then conveying the prepared magnetorheological fluid to the disc surface of a grinding/polishing disc with an embedded array permanent magnet through a feeder, arranging the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid in a string along magnetic lines under the action of a magnetic field, capturing and constraining the mixed abrasive particles among the magnetic particles in a chain-shaped distribution, and constraining and clamping the abrasive particles by the magnetic particles. The abrasive escapes from the machining area under the centrifugal force, the resistance of the magnetorheological fluid and the reverse rotation of the wafer and the grinding/polishing disk, thereby realizing the self-renewal of abrasive particles.

However, such magnetorheological fluids have a number of problems: (1) the grinding process is completed by the grinding materials through the binding and clamping effects of the magnetic particles, the grinding particles cannot be effectively captured and restrained, the utilization rate of the grinding materials is low, and the processing uniformity cannot be guaranteed; (2) because the grinding material is clamped by the magnetic particles, the difference in quality of the grinding material or large particles caused by agglomeration can sink below the grinding material, so that the grinding material which really acts on the workpiece is a thinner grinding material, and the material removal effect of the workpiece can be influenced; (3) the discrete distribution of the magnetic particles and the abrasive leads to uncertainty of the action effect of the abrasive on the workpiece, and the action of the abrasive on the workpiece or the action of the magnetic particles on the workpiece cannot be determined; (4) the discrete distribution of magnetic particles and abrasive, the relative motion between the magnetic particles may cause the underlying abrasive to thin and dull.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method for manufacturing composite particles for grinding and polishing, which improve the utilization rate of an abrasive and the surface quality and material removal rate of a workpiece.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

provided is an apparatus for producing composite particles for polishing, comprising: the device comprises a working plate, a generating device for mixing magnetic particle abrasive particles with a chemical bonding agent and solidifying to form a solidified body, a crushing device for crushing the solidified body to obtain a particle mixture, a refining device for refining the particle mixture to obtain a powder mixture, and a collecting device for screening and collecting the obtained composite particles, wherein the generating device comprises a working plate, a generating device for mixing the magnetic particle abrasive particles with the chemical bonding agent and solidifying to form the solidified body, a crushing device: the generating device is fixed on the working plate, a mechanical stirring device is arranged above the generating device, and dynamic magnetic field stirring devices are arranged on two sides of the generating device; the crushing device is arranged below the generating device and is provided with an inlet which is coaxial with the generating device; the refining device is arranged below the crushing device and is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the crushing device, and the refining device is provided with a grinding material cavity for refining the particle mixture; the collecting device is arranged below the refining device, a baffle plate which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the collecting device, and a screening magnet is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side of the collecting device.

The manufacturing device of the composite particles for grinding and polishing can fully mix the magnetic particles and the abrasive particles, and complete the coating process of the composite particles by stirring and solidifying under the action of the chemical bonding agent and the dynamic magnetic field, so that the abrasive particles can be fully coated on the surfaces of the magnetic particles; after the mixed solution forms a solidified body, the solidified body enters a crushing device through an inlet to be crushed to obtain a particle mixture; the particle mixture enters a refining device to be ball-milled and refined, the powder mixture obtained by refining enters a collecting device and is separated under the action of a screening magnet, the magnetic particles and the composite particles are close to one side of the screening magnet, and the grinding materials and the chemical bonding agent fragments fall into one side far away from the magnet along an inclined partition plate. The invention integrates the generating device, the crushing device, the refining device and the like into a whole, saves the space of a processing device, can output composite particles by one-time charging, and has simple and efficient production process.

Furthermore, the generating device comprises a first cylinder fixedly arranged on the working plate and a second cylinder which is arranged in the first cylinder and can move flexibly; the working plate is provided with a through hole for communicating the first barrel with the crushing device, and a baffle plate movably connected with the working plate is arranged at the through hole. The second cylinder is not fixed, the outer diameter of the second cylinder is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylinder, and the second cylinder can freely move along with the liquid stirring in the stirring process, so that the chemical bonding agent can be prevented from being bonded on the inner wall of the first cylinder or the second cylinder; after the mixed solution is solidified, the baffle is drawn out, and the solidified body can be sent into a crushing device through the opened baffle for crushing operation.

Further, the mechanical stirring device comprises a fixed frame arranged on the working plate, a lifting rod connected with the fixed frame, a cross beam vertically connected with the lifting rod, a first motor fixed on the cross beam and a stirrer connected to an output shaft of the first motor, wherein the stirrer and the second cylinder are coaxially arranged. The first motor is driven to drive the stirrer to rotate, so that the mixed solution in the second cylinder is uniformly mixed; through the height of adjusting the lifter, the stirrer can be timely withdrawn, and the solidification of the mixed solution is facilitated.

Further, the dynamic magnetic field stirring device comprises a second motor fixed on the working plate, a first conical gear connected to an output shaft of the second motor, and two groups of second conical gears meshed with the first conical gear, wherein magnets are embedded in the second conical gear, and the two groups of magnets are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the second cylinder. The second motor drives the first conical gear to rotate, and the first conical gear drives the second conical gear and the internal magnet to move to form a dynamic magnetic field; after the chemical bonding agent is put in, the magnetic particles clamp the abrasive particles under the action of a dynamic magnetic field to form a magnetic force chain, so that the coating process of the composite particles is completed.

Furthermore, the crushing device comprises a third motor and a screw connected to an output shaft of the third motor, the screw is provided with a feeding spiral reamer, an extruding spiral reamer and a material returning spiral which are sequentially arranged, the feeding spiral reamer is arranged below the generating device, and the extruding spiral reamer is arranged above the refining device; the feeding spiral reamer and the extrusion spiral reamer have the same rotating direction, and the returning spiral and the extrusion spiral reamer have opposite rotating directions; and the outer side of the extrusion spiral reamer is surrounded by an orifice plate. Descending the solidified body to a crushing device, chopping the solidified body by a rotary feeding spiral reamer, further chopping the solidified body by an extrusion spiral reamer, and filtering the chopped body to the next layer by a pore plate; increase the material returning spiral at the end of extruding the spiral reamer, the direction of rotation is opposite with the direction of rotation of extruding the spiral reamer, and the granule mixture of transporting terminal can be in reverse transport under the effect of material returning spiral, can in time clear away and smash the thing, prevents that the thing of smashing from piling up at the end.

Further, the refining device comprises a fourth motor, a third gear connected to an output shaft of the fourth motor, a fourth gear meshed with the third gear, and a third cylinder fixedly connected with the fourth gear, the grinding material cavity is arranged inside the third cylinder, and a plurality of grinding balls are arranged in the grinding material cavity. And the fourth motor works to drive the third gear to rotate, the third gear drives the fourth gear to rotate, and the fourth gear drives the grinding material cavity to rotate together, so that the ball milling refinement of the particle mixture is realized.

Furthermore, a feeding cavity is arranged in the third cylinder, a second pore plate is arranged between the feeding cavity and the grinding material cavity, and the feeding cavity is communicated with an air inlet for blowing hot air; the one end that the feeding chamber was kept away from in abrasive material chamber is equipped with the third orifice plate, and abrasive material chamber intercommunication has the discharge gate with collection device intercommunication, discharge gate department is equipped with the bleeder valve. The chopped coagulum enters a feeding cavity from a feeding hole, is dried under the action of hot air blown in from an air inlet and enters an abrasive cavity; the grinding material cavity rotates to realize the ball milling and thinning of the particle mixture; air is discharged from the air outlet, the discharge valve is opened, and the powder mixture obtained by thinning enters the collecting device from the feed inlet; the magnetic particles and composite particles are collected near the screening magnet and the abrasive and chemical bond debris fall along the inclined partition to the side away from the screening magnet.

The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the composite particles for grinding and polishing, which comprises the following steps:

s10, adding a chemical bonding agent component A into a generating device, adding abrasive particles and magnetic particles into the chemical bonding agent component A, and uniformly stirring by using a mechanical stirring device;

s20, starting a dynamic magnetic field stirring device to enable the abrasive particles to be uniformly wrapped around the magnetic particles; adding the component B of the chemical bonding agent, and stirring until the chemical bonding agent is solidified to obtain a solidified body;

s30, pulling out the baffle, descending the coagulated solids to a crushing device in the step S20, chopping the coagulated solids by a feeding spiral reamer and an extrusion spiral reamer to obtain a particle mixture, and filtering the particle mixture to a refining device through a first pore plate;

s40, drying the particle mixture in the step S30 in a feeding cavity, and grinding the particle mixture in a grinding material cavity ball to obtain a powder mixture;

s50, opening a discharge valve, enabling the powder mixture to enter a collecting device from a discharge hole in the step S40, collecting magnetic particles and composite particles on one side close to the screening magnet, and collecting the abrasive and chemical bonding agent scraps on one side far away from the screening magnet along an inclined partition plate.

According to the manufacturing method of the composite particles for grinding and polishing, a coating mode is adopted, the magnetic particles are used as the inner core, and the periphery is coated with a layer of abrasive particles under the action of the chemical bonding agent, so that the removal rate of the material can be improved, and better surface quality can be obtained; when the composite particles prepared by the method are used for magnetorheological polishing, the magnetorheological fluid does not need to be replaced, the time is saved, the whole process from rough polishing to fine polishing can be realized by one-time processing, and the obtained workpiece has good surface quality consistency, high processing efficiency and low processing cost.

Preferably, the particle size of the magnetic particles is 1-5 μm, and the magnetic particles are one or more of carbonyl iron powder, pure iron powder and reduced iron powder; the grain size of the abrasive particles is 5 nm-500 nm, and the abrasive particles are one or a combination of more of diamond, silicon carbide, alumina, silicon dioxide and cerium dioxide. The abrasive particles are nano-scale particles, and the magnetic particles are micron-scale particles, so that the abrasive particles can be wrapped on the surfaces of the magnetic particles, the abrasive particles are changed from a free state to a semi-fixed state, the effective action of the abrasive particles on a workpiece is guaranteed, the utilization rate of the abrasive particles is improved, and the uniformity of the polishing effect is improved.

Preferably, the component A of the chemical bonding agent is a curing agent selected from one or more of aliphatic polyamine, alicyclic polyamine, low molecular polyamide and modified aromatic amine; the component B of the chemical bonding agent is rubber powder which is selected from one or a combination of a plurality of metallographic rubber powder, acrylic powder and acrylic powder. When the component A and the component B are mixed, the component A and the component B can quickly react with air at normal temperature to be coagulated.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a device and a method for manufacturing composite particles for grinding and polishing, wherein abrasive particles are wrapped on the surfaces of magnetic particles: on one hand, the abrasive particles are changed from a free state to a semi-fixed state, so that the effective action of the abrasive particles on a workpiece is ensured, the utilization rate of the abrasive particles is improved, and the uniformity of the polishing effect is ensured; on the other hand, the magnetic particles are used as the inner cores and are wrapped by the chemical bonding agent, so that the magnetic particles do not act on the surface of a workpiece, the possibility of abrasion of the magnetic particles is reduced, the service life is prolonged, the magnetic particles do not directly contact with each other in relative motion, the grinding materials cannot be refined and passivated, the utilization rate of the grinding materials can be improved, and the service life of the polishing solution is prolonged;

the manufacturing device and the manufacturing method of the composite particles for grinding and polishing integrate the generating device, the crushing device, the refining device and the like, save the space of a processing device, can output the composite particles by one-time charging, and have simple and efficient production process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for producing composite particles for polishing in accordance with a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of composite particles under mechanical agitation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a dynamic magnetic stirring apparatus of an apparatus for producing composite particles for polishing;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a composite particle under a dynamic magnetic field stirring state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of composite particles entering a comminution apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of composite particles entering a refining apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart showing a method for producing composite particles for polishing in example two;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the composite particle.

In the drawings: 1-a working plate; 2-a generating device; 21-a first cylinder; 22-a second cylinder; 23-a baffle plate; 3-a crushing device; 31-an inlet; 32-a third motor; 33-a screw; 34-feeding a spiral reamer; 35-extruding a spiral reamer; 36-material returning spiral; 37-a first orifice plate; 38-well plate support; 39-a housing; 310-a helical support frame; 311-a second bearing; 312-a second end gland; 4-a refining device; 41-a feed inlet; 42-an abrasive chamber; 43-a fourth motor; 44-a third gear; 45-fourth gear; 46-a third cylinder; 47-a feed chamber; 48-a second orifice plate; 49-air inlet; 410-a third orifice plate; 411-a discharge port; 412-a discharge valve; 413-a feed spacer; 414-inlet baffle; 415-a discharge partition; 416-annular liner plate; 417-a third bearing; 418-a third bearing housing; 419-air outlet; 5-a collecting device; 51-a separator; 52-screening magnet; 53-wedge shape; 6-mechanical stirring device; 61-a fixing frame; 62-a lifting rod; 63-a cross beam; 64-a first motor; 65-a stirrer; 66-rotation axis; 67-column; 68-horizontal axis; 7-dynamic magnetic field stirring device; 71-a second motor; 72-a first conical gear; 73-a second conical gear; 74-a magnet; 75-a scaffold; 76-first end gland; 77-a first bearing; 78-a first bearing seat; 8-magnetic particles; 9-abrasive particles; 10-chemical binding agent.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.

Example one

Fig. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of an apparatus for manufacturing composite particles for polishing and polishing according to the present invention, including: the device comprises a working plate 1, a generating device 2 for mixing magnetic particles 8, abrasive particles 9 and a chemical bonding agent and solidifying the mixture to form a solidified body, a crushing device 3 for crushing the solidified body to obtain a particle mixture, a refining device 4 for refining the particle mixture to obtain a powder mixture, and a collecting device 5 for screening and collecting the obtained composite particles: the generating device 2 is fixed on the working plate 1, a mechanical stirring device 6 is arranged above the generating device 2, and dynamic magnetic field stirring devices 7 are arranged on two sides of the generating device 2; the crushing device 3 is arranged below the generating device 2, and the crushing device 3 is provided with an inlet 31 which is coaxial with the generating device 2; the refining device 4 is arranged below the crushing device 3, the refining device 4 is provided with a feed inlet 41 communicated with the crushing device 3, and the refining device 4 is provided with a grinding material cavity 42 for refining the particle mixture; the collecting device 5 is arranged below the refining device 4, a baffle plate 51 which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the collecting device 5, and a screening magnet 52 is arranged at the upper part of the outer side of the collecting device 5.

In the implementation of the embodiment, the magnetic particles 8 and the abrasive particles 9 are fully mixed, and the coating process of the composite particles is completed in a stirring and solidifying mode under the action of the chemical bonding agent and the dynamic magnetic field, so that the abrasive particles 9 can be fully coated on the surfaces of the magnetic particles 8; after the mixed solution forms a solidified body, the solidified body enters the crushing device 3 through the inlet 31 to be crushed to obtain a particle mixture; the particle mixture enters the refining device 4 to be ball-milled and refined, the powder mixture obtained by refining enters the collecting device 5 and is separated under the action of the screening magnet 52, the magnetic particles 8 and the composite particles are close to one side of the screening magnet 52, and the grinding materials and the chemical bonding agent fragments fall into one side far away from the screening magnet 52 along the inclined partition plate 51.

As shown in fig. 1, the generating device 2 includes a first cylinder 21 fixedly mounted on the working plate 1 and a second cylinder 22 disposed in the first cylinder 21 and capable of moving flexibly; the working plate 1 is provided with a through hole for communicating the first cylinder 21 with the crushing device 3, and a baffle plate 23 movably connected with the working plate 1 is arranged at the through hole. The second cylinder 22 is not fixed, the outer diameter of the second cylinder is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylinder 21, and the second cylinder can freely move along with the liquid stirring in the stirring process, so that the chemical bonding agent can be prevented from being bonded on the inner wall of the first cylinder 21 or the second cylinder 22; after the mixed solution is solidified, the baffle 23 is withdrawn, and the solidified body is sent to the crushing device 3 through the opened baffle 23 for crushing operation.

As shown in fig. 2, the mechanical stirring device 6 includes a fixing frame 61 mounted on the working plate 1, a lifting rod 62 connected to the fixing frame 61, a cross beam 63 vertically connected to the lifting rod 62, a first motor 64 fixed to the cross beam 63, and a stirrer 65 connected to an output shaft of the first motor 64, wherein the stirrer 65 is coaxially disposed with the second cylinder 22. In practice, the first motor 64 is driven to drive the stirrer 65 to rotate, so that the mixed solution in the second cylinder 22 is uniformly mixed; through the height of adjusting lifter 62, can in time withdraw from agitator 65, be convenient for the solidification of mixed solution. The stirrer 65 in the present embodiment is a type-iii stirrer 65, and the type-iii stirrer 65 is composed of a rotating shaft 66 and four cylindrical bodies 67 parallel to the rotating shaft 66, and the four cylindrical bodies 67 are connected at equal intervals by a cross shaft 68, as shown in fig. 2. To ensure a good stirring effect, two columns 67 far from the rotation shaft 66 are disposed near the inner wall of the second cylinder 22 and the horizontal shaft 68 is disposed near the bottom of the second cylinder 22 during mechanical stirring.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the dynamic magnetic field stirring device 7 includes a second motor 71 fixed on the working plate 1, a first conical gear 72 connected to an output shaft of the second motor 71, and two sets of second conical gears 73 engaged with the first conical gear 72, wherein magnets 74 are embedded in the second conical gears 73, and the two sets of magnets 74 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the second cylinder 22. In implementation, the second motor 71 drives the first conical gear 72 to rotate, and the first conical gear 72 drives the second conical gear 73 and the internal magnet 74 to move, so as to form a dynamic magnetic field; after the chemical bonding agent is put in, the magnetic particles 8 clamp the abrasive particles 9 under the action of a dynamic magnetic field to form a magnetic chain, so that the coating process of the composite particles is completed. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of the connection of the structures and the rationality of the structural layout, the second motor 71 is fixed on the bracket 75 by bolts, the bracket 75 is fixed on the working plate 1 by bolts, and the bracket 75 is arranged at the opposite side of the first motor 64 relative to the first cylinder 21; the magnet 74 is a columnar strong magnet 74 having a magnetic field strength of 0.1T to 2T, the diameter of the magnet 74 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second conical gear 73, the magnet 74 is fixed by a first end cap 76 provided at an end portion of the second conical gear 73, a first bearing 77 is mounted on the first end cap 76, and the first bearing 77 is mounted on the work plate 1 via a first bearing holder 78.

As shown in fig. 5, the pulverizing device 3 includes a third motor 32 and a screw 33 connected to an output shaft of the third motor 32, the screw 33 is provided with a feeding screw reamer 34, an extruding screw reamer 35 and a material returning screw 36 which are sequentially arranged, the feeding screw reamer 34 is arranged below the generating device 2, and the extruding screw reamer 35 is arranged above the refining device 4; the feeding spiral reamer 34 and the extrusion spiral reamer 35 have the same rotating direction, and the returning spiral 36 and the extrusion spiral reamer 35 have the opposite rotating direction; the outer side of the extrusion spiral reamer 35 is surrounded by a first orifice plate 37, the first orifice plate 37 is fixed on the extrusion spiral reamer 35 through an orifice plate support frame 38, the first orifice plate 37 and the extrusion spiral reamer 35 are coaxial, the installation diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the feeding spiral reamer, and the aperture of the first orifice plate 37 is 10 mm-20 mm. In practice, the solidified body descends to the crushing device 3, the rotating feeding spiral reamer 34 cuts the solidified body, then the solidified body is further cut by the extruding spiral reamer 35, and the solidified body is filtered to the next layer through the first orifice plate 37; a material returning screw 36 is added at the tail end of the extrusion spiral reamer 35, the rotating direction is opposite to that of the extrusion spiral reamer 35, and the particle mixture conveyed to the tail end is reversely conveyed under the action of the material returning screw 36. In this embodiment: in order to ensure the installation stability and the working safety of all the components of the crushing device 3, a shell 39 comprising a middle partition plate is covered on the outer sides of the third motor 32 and the screw 33, the screw 33 is installed on a spiral support frame 310, and the spiral support frame 310 is connected between the working plate 1 and the middle partition plate; the third motor 32 is connected with the screw 33 through a speed reducer, the screw 33 is provided with a feeding spiral reamer 34, an extruding spiral reamer 35 and a material returning spiral 36 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the feeding spiral reamer 34 is an equidistant convex spiral reamer, the spiral angle is 10-30 degrees, the extruding spiral reamer 35 and the feeding spiral reamer 34 rotate in the same direction and are equidistant concave spiral reamers, the spiral angle is 30-60 degrees, the material returning spiral 36 and the extruding spiral reamer 35 rotate in opposite directions and are single-circle convex spiral, and the spiral angle is 120-150 degrees; the end of the material returning spiral 36 is provided with a second bearing 311, and the second bearing 311 is fixed on the middle partition plate through a second end gland 312.

As shown in fig. 6, the refining device 4 includes a fourth motor 43, a third gear 44 connected to an output shaft of the fourth motor 43, a fourth gear 45 engaged with the third gear 44, and a third cylinder 46 fixedly connected to the fourth gear 45, the abrasive chamber 42 is disposed inside the third cylinder 46, and a plurality of grinding balls are disposed in the abrasive chamber 42; wherein, a feeding cavity 47 is arranged in the third cylinder 46, a second orifice plate 48 is arranged between the feeding cavity 47 and the grinding material cavity 42, and the feeding cavity 47 is communicated with an air inlet 49 for blowing hot air; the end of the grinding material cavity 42 far away from the feeding cavity 47 is provided with a third pore plate 410, the grinding material cavity 42 is communicated with a discharge hole 411 communicated with the collecting device 5, and a discharge valve 412 is arranged at the discharge hole 411. In practice, the chopped coagulum enters the feed chamber 47 from the feed inlet 41, is dried by hot air blown in through the air inlet 49 and enters the abrasive chamber 42; the fourth motor 43 works to drive the third gear 44 to rotate, the third gear 44 drives the fourth gear 45 to rotate, and the fourth gear 45 drives the grinding material cavity 42 to rotate together, so that the ball milling refinement of the particle mixture is realized; air is discharged from the air outlet, the discharge valve 412 is opened, and the powder mixture obtained by refining enters the collecting device 5 from the feed inlet 41. In this embodiment, a feeding partition 413 is disposed at the feeding port 41, an air inlet partition 414 is disposed at the air inlet 49, a second orifice plate 48 is disposed between the feeding cavity 47 and the abrasive cavity 42, a third orifice plate 410 is disposed at one end of the abrasive cavity 42 far from the feeding cavity 47, and a discharging partition 415 is disposed between the third orifice plate 410 and the discharging port 411; the pore diameters of the plates are different: the aperture of the feeding clapboard 413 is 10 mm-20 mm, so that the powder mixture can smoothly pass through the feeding clapboard and large particles which are not crushed are filtered; the aperture of the air inlet partition plate 414 is 0.5 mm-5 mm, so that the smooth flow of hot air is ensured, and dust in the air is filtered; the aperture of the second orifice plate 48 is 100-1000 μm, so as to prevent large particles from entering the grinding material cavity 42; the aperture of the third orifice plate 410 is 10-50 μm, and the particle size range of the powder mixture discharged from the grinding chamber 42 is controlled; the aperture of the discharging partition 415 is 50-100 μm, so that the discharging smoothness is ensured. In addition, the inner wall of the third cylinder 46 is provided with an annular liner 416 to prevent the grinding balls from damaging the inner wall of the third cylinder 46 during ball milling, third bearings 417 are installed at both ends of the third cylinder 46, and the third bearings 417 are fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the housing 39 through third bearing seats 418.

As shown in FIG. 1, the collecting device 5 is disposed below the refining device 4, a partition plate 51 is disposed in the collecting device 5 in an inclined manner, and a screening magnet 52 is disposed at an upper portion of an outer side of the collecting device 5. Wherein, the inclination angle of the clapboard 51 and the relative horizontal plane is 5 degrees to 30 degrees, one end of the clapboard 51 close to the screening magnet 52 is in a wedge shape 53, and the magnetic field intensity of the screening magnet 52 is 0.1T to 2T.

Example two

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the method for manufacturing composite particles for polishing and grinding according to the present invention, which comprises the following steps:

s10, adding a chemical bonding agent component A into the generating device 2, adding abrasive particles 9 and magnetic particles 8 into the chemical bonding agent component A, and uniformly stirring through a mechanical stirring device 6;

s20, starting the dynamic magnetic field stirring device 7 to enable the abrasive particles 9 to be uniformly wrapped around the magnetic particles 8; adding the component B of the chemical bonding agent, and stirring until the chemical bonding agent is solidified to obtain a solidified body;

s30, the baffle 23 is pulled out, the coagulated solids in the step S20 descend to the crushing device 3, a particle mixture is obtained after being cut by the feeding spiral reamer 34 and the extrusion spiral reamer 35, and the particle mixture is filtered to the refining device 4 through the first pore plate 37;

s40, drying the particle mixture in the step S30 in a feeding cavity 47, and performing ball milling and refining in an abrasive cavity 42 to obtain a powder mixture;

s50, a discharge valve 412 is opened, the powder mixture enters a collecting device 5 from a discharge port 411 in the step S40, the magnetic particles 8 and the composite particles are collected at one side close to the screening magnet 52, and the abrasive and chemical bonding agent debris are collected at one side far away from the screening magnet 52 along an inclined partition plate 51.

Wherein the particle size of the magnetic particles 8 is 1-5 μm, and the magnetic particles 8 are one or more of carbonyl iron powder, pure iron powder and reduced iron powder; the abrasive particles 9 have a particle size of 5nm to 500nm, and the abrasive particles 9 are one or a combination of diamond, silicon carbide, alumina, silica, and ceria. The mass ratio of the magnetic particles 8 to the abrasive particles 9 differs depending on the kind and particle size of the magnetic particles 8, and the kind and particle size of the abrasive selected.

The component A of the chemical bonding agent is a curing agent selected from one or more of aliphatic polyamine, alicyclic polyamine, low molecular polyamide and modified arylamine; the component B of the chemical bonding agent is rubber powder which is selected from one or a combination of a plurality of metallographic rubber powder, acrylic powder and acrylic powder. When the component A and the component B are mixed, the component A and the component B can quickly react with air at normal temperature to be condensed, wherein the proportion of the component A and the component B is different according to different components of the component A and the component B.

Through the above steps, the abrasive particles 9 are wrapped on the surface of the magnetic particle 8, as shown in fig. 8: on one hand, the abrasive particles 9 are changed from a free state to a semi-fixed state, so that the effective action of the abrasive particles 9 on a workpiece is ensured, the utilization rate of the abrasive particles 9 is improved, and the uniformity of the polishing effect is ensured; on the other hand, the magnetic particles 8 are used as inner cores and are wrapped by the chemical bonding agent, so that the magnetic particles do not act with the surface of a workpiece, the possibility of abrasion of the magnetic particles 8 is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

EXAMPLE III

This embodiment is an application example of the second embodiment, in this embodiment, the component a is aliphatic polyamine, the component B is metallographic rubber powder, the magnetic particles 8 are carbonyl iron powder, and the abrasive particles 9 are diamonds, and the method includes the following steps:

s10, adding aliphatic polyamine serving as a component A of a chemical bonding agent into the generating device 2, adding carbonyl iron powder with the particle size of 2 microns, mechanically stirring for 1-3 min, closing the mechanical stirring device 6 after uniform mixing, and lifting the stirrer 65;

s20, adding 50-100 nm of diamond abrasive, and starting the dynamic magnetic field stirring device 7 to enable abrasive particles 9 to be uniformly wrapped around the magnetic particles 8; adding the metallographic phase rubber powder of the component B of the chemical bonding agent, and continuously stirring for 15-20 min until the solution is completely solidified; wherein the mass ratio of the aliphatic polyamine to the metallurgical rubber powder is 1: 1.0-2.0, and the mass ratio of the abrasive particles 9 to the magnetic particles 8 is 1: 2-5;

s30, closing the dynamic magnetic field stirring device 7, pulling out the baffle 23, lowering the coagulated solids to the crushing device 3 in the step S20, cutting the coagulated solids by the feeding spiral reamer 34 and the extruding spiral reamer 35 to obtain a particle mixture, and filtering the particle mixture to the refining device 4 through the first pore plate 37;

s40, drying the particle mixture in the step S30 in the feeding cavity 47 for 20min, and performing ball milling in the milling cavity 42 for 1h to obtain a powder mixture;

Example four

In this embodiment, the application example of the second embodiment is that in this embodiment, the component a is polyamide, the component B is acrylic powder, the magnetic particles 8 are iron powder, and the abrasive particles 9 are silica, and the method includes the following steps:

s10, adding polyamide which is a component A of a chemical bonding agent into the generating device 2, adding iron powder with the particle size of 3 microns, mechanically stirring for 3-5 min, closing the mechanical stirring device 6 after uniform mixing, and lifting the stirrer 65;

s20, adding a silicon dioxide abrasive material with the particle size of 50-100 nm, and starting a dynamic magnetic field stirring device 7 to enable abrasive particles 9 to be uniformly wrapped around magnetic particles 8; adding the metallographic phase rubber powder of the component B of the chemical bonding agent, and continuously stirring for 30-40 min until the solution is completely solidified; wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the acrylic powder is 1: 1.0-2.0, and the mass ratio of the abrasive particles 9 to the magnetic particles 8 is 1: 2-5;

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing composite particles for polishing, comprising: the device comprises a working plate (1), a generating device (2) for mixing magnetic particles (8), abrasive particles (9) and a chemical bonding agent (10) and solidifying the mixture to form a solidified body, a crushing device (3) for crushing the solidified body to obtain a particle mixture, a refining device (4) for refining the particle mixture to obtain a powder mixture, and a collecting device (5) for screening and collecting the obtained composite particles: the generating device (2) is fixed on the working plate (1), a mechanical stirring device (6) is arranged above the generating device (2), and dynamic magnetic field stirring devices (7) are arranged on two sides of the generating device (2); the crushing device (3) is arranged below the generating device (2), and the crushing device (3) is provided with an inlet (31) which is coaxial with the generating device (2); the refining device (4) is arranged below the crushing device (3), the refining device (4) is provided with a feed inlet (41) communicated with the crushing device (3), and the refining device (4) is provided with a grinding material cavity (42) for refining the particle mixture; the collecting device (5) is arranged below the refining device (4), a partition plate (51) which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the collecting device (5), and a screening magnet (52) is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side of the collecting device (5).

2. The apparatus for manufacturing composite particles for grinding and polishing according to claim 1, wherein the generating device (2) comprises a first cylinder (21) fixedly mounted on the working plate (1) and a second cylinder (22) flexibly movable and disposed in the first cylinder (21); the working plate (1) is provided with a through hole for communicating the first cylinder (21) with the crushing device (3), and a baffle (23) movably connected with the working plate (1) is arranged at the through hole.

3. The apparatus for producing composite particles for polishing and grinding according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical stirring device (6) comprises a fixing frame (61) attached to the work plate (1), a lifting rod (62) connected to the fixing frame (61), a cross beam (63) perpendicularly connected to the lifting rod (62), a first motor (64) fixed to the cross beam (63), and a stirrer (65) connected to an output shaft of the first motor (64), and the stirrer (65) is disposed coaxially with the second cylinder (22).

4. The manufacturing device of the composite particles for grinding and polishing according to claim 2, wherein the dynamic magnetic field stirring device (7) comprises a second motor (71) fixed on the working plate (1), a first conical gear (72) connected to an output shaft of the second motor (71), and two sets of second conical gears (73) meshed with the first conical gear (72), magnets (74) are embedded in the second conical gears (73), and the two sets of magnets (74) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the second cylinder (22).

5. The apparatus for producing composite particles for grinding and polishing according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the pulverizing device (3) comprises a third motor (32) and a screw (33) connected to an output shaft of the third motor (32), the screw (33) is provided with a feeding screw reamer (34), an extruding screw reamer (35) and a returning screw (36) which are sequentially arranged, the feeding screw reamer (34) is disposed below the generating device (2), and the extruding screw reamer (35) is disposed above the refining device (4); the feeding spiral reamer (34) and the extrusion spiral reamer (35) have the same rotating direction, and the returning spiral (36) and the extrusion spiral reamer (35) have the opposite rotating directions; and a first orifice plate (37) is surrounded on the outer side of the extrusion spiral reamer (35).

6. The apparatus for manufacturing composite particles for grinding and polishing according to claim 5, wherein the refining device (4) comprises a fourth motor (43), a third gear (44) connected to an output shaft of the fourth motor (43), a fourth gear (45) engaged with the third gear (44), and a third cylinder (46) fixedly connected with the fourth gear (45), the abrasive chamber (42) is disposed inside the third cylinder (46), and a plurality of grinding balls are disposed in the abrasive chamber (42).

7. The apparatus for producing composite particles for grinding and polishing according to claim 6, wherein a feeding chamber (47) is provided in the third cylinder (46), a second orifice plate (48) is provided between the feeding chamber (47) and the abrasive chamber (42), and the feeding chamber (47) is communicated with an air inlet (49) for blowing hot air; one end of the abrasive cavity (42) far away from the feeding cavity (47) is provided with a third pore plate (410), the abrasive cavity (42) is communicated with a discharge hole (411) communicated with the collecting device (5), and a discharge valve (412) is arranged at the discharge hole (411).

8. A method for manufacturing an apparatus for manufacturing composite particles for polishing and grinding according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:

s10, adding a chemical bonding agent component A into the generating device (2), adding abrasive particles (9) and magnetic particles (8) into the chemical bonding agent component A, and uniformly stirring through a mechanical stirring device (6);

s20, starting the dynamic magnetic field stirring device (7) to enable the abrasive particles (9) to be uniformly wrapped around the magnetic particles (8); adding the component B of the chemical bonding agent, and stirring until the chemical bonding agent is solidified to obtain a solidified body;

s30, pulling out the baffle (23), descending the coagulated solids into a crushing device (3) in the step S20, chopping the coagulated solids by a feeding spiral reamer (34) and an extruding spiral reamer (35) to obtain a particle mixture, and filtering the particle mixture to a refining device (4) through a first pore plate (37);

s40, the particle mixture in the step S30 enters a feeding cavity (47) for drying, enters a grinding cavity (42) for ball milling and refining to obtain a powder mixture;

s50, a discharge valve (412) is opened, the powder mixture enters a collecting device (5) from a discharge hole (411) in the step S40, the magnetic particles (8) and the composite particles are collected on the side close to the screening magnet (52), and the abrasive particles (9) and the chemical bonding agent debris are collected on the side far away from the screening magnet (52) along an inclined partition plate (51).

9. The method of producing composite particles for polishing and grinding according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic particles (8) have a particle diameter of 1 to 5 μm, and the magnetic particles (8) are one or more of carbonyl iron powder, pure iron powder, and reduced iron powder; the grain diameter of the abrasive particles (9) is 5 nm-500 nm, and the abrasive particles (9) are one or a combination of diamond, silicon carbide, alumina, silicon dioxide and cerium dioxide.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the component A is a curing agent selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyamines, alicyclic polyamines, low molecular polyamides, and modified aromatic amines; the component B of the chemical bonding agent is rubber powder which is selected from one or a combination of a plurality of metallographic rubber powder, acrylic powder and acrylic powder.