CN109959324B - Coaxiality measuring tool and method - Google Patents
Coaxiality measuring tool and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109959324B CN109959324B CN201711433120.0A CN201711433120A CN109959324B CN 109959324 B CN109959324 B CN 109959324B CN 201711433120 A CN201711433120 A CN 201711433120A CN 109959324 B CN109959324 B CN 109959324B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coaxiality measuring tool and a coaxiality measuring method for a diesel engine, wherein the diesel engine comprises a first workpiece and a second workpiece, at least one part of a first hole is formed on the first workpiece, a second hole is formed on the second workpiece, the coaxiality measuring tool is used for measuring coaxiality between the first hole and the second hole, and the coaxiality measuring tool comprises: an inner support sleeve, an intermediate shaft, and a gauge, the inner support sleeve configured to be coaxially disposed within the first bore; the intermediate shaft is coaxially arranged on the inner support sleeve; the gauge is provided on the intermediate shaft, and is rotatable with respect to the intermediate shaft to contact an inner peripheral surface of the second hole and measure coaxiality. According to the coaxiality measuring tool and the coaxiality measuring method, coaxiality of two holes can be conveniently and accurately measured, and the coaxiality measuring tool is simple in structure and easy to install.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and particularly relates to a coaxiality measuring tool and a coaxiality measuring method.
Background
In the assembly of the rear end oil seal of a large marine diesel engine, the following requirements are met after the rear end oil seal assembly is installed: the coaxiality of the central hole of the oil seal assembly and the main bearing hole of the machine body is smaller than a certain value. According to the assembly sequence of the diesel engine, a crankshaft and a main bearing cover are usually installed first, and then a rear end oil seal assembly is installed. When the rear end oil seal assembly is assembled in a normal sequence, the coaxiality of the central hole of the rear end oil seal assembly and the main bearing hole of the engine body cannot be adjusted and confirmed because the crankshaft is assembled and the output end of the crankshaft body of the diesel engine is provided with the flange.
In the assembly of former model, can sometimes adopt the mode of preassembling back-end oil blanket subassembly on the organism, carry out finish machining to its centre bore to guarantee the axiality of two. However, some diesel engine bodies and rear end oil seal assemblies are produced by two suppliers, and the assembly site has no processing equipment and does not have the condition of applying the method. In some diesel engines, the crankshaft body and the flange are of a split structure, and after the crankshaft and the main bearing cover are installed, the rear end oil seal assembly can be installed in front of the flange. At this time, the micrometer is leaned against the crankshaft, the coaxiality of the oil seal assembly and the main bearing hole can be measured by turning the crankshaft for one circle, and the rear end oil seal assembly is corrected according to the measurement result.
Because the output end of the crankshaft body of some specific diesel engines is provided with a flange and does not have the condition of measuring coaxiality by installing a crankshaft and turning the crankshaft, the method of preassembling a rear-end oil seal assembly during the assembly of a machine body is adopted: after the positioning of the rear end oil seal is finished according to related requirements such as coaxiality, the machine body is hinged at the positioning pin hole position of the rear end oil seal assembly; and when the rear end oil seal assembly is in follow-up formal installation, positioning is carried out according to the pin holes of the matched hinges, so that the coaxiality requirement is ensured. The existing coaxiality measuring tool and method cannot accurately assist in measuring coaxiality of the rear end oil seal assembly and a main bearing hole of a machine body when the rear end oil seal assembly is preassembled, and cannot provide data support for confirmation of the position of the subsequent oil seal assembly. And the existing measuring tool and method are complex in operation and low in measuring precision.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide a coaxiality measuring tool and method to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the invention is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to solve the above problems at least in part, the present invention discloses a coaxiality measuring tool for a diesel engine including a first workpiece having at least a portion of a first hole formed thereon and a second workpiece having a second hole formed thereon, the coaxiality measuring tool for measuring coaxiality between the first hole and the second hole, the coaxiality measuring tool comprising:
an inner support sleeve configured to be coaxially disposed within the first bore;
The intermediate shaft is coaxially arranged on the inner support sleeve; and
And a gauge provided on the intermediate shaft, the gauge being rotatable with respect to the intermediate shaft to contact an inner peripheral surface of the second hole and measure the coaxiality.
According to the scheme, the coaxiality measuring tool can conveniently and accurately measure the coaxiality of the two holes, and is simple in structure and easy to install.
Preferably, the measuring device further comprises a measuring rod rotatably connected to the intermediate shaft, and the measuring meter is mounted at one end of the measuring rod.
Preferably, the intermediate shaft comprises an intermediate shaft body and a projection projecting outwardly from the intermediate shaft body, the projection being positioned between the inner support sleeve and the measuring rod.
Preferably, the intermediate shaft is sequentially sleeved with a stop part, a spring and plane bearings positioned at two sides of the measuring rod, and the spring is positioned between the stop part and the measuring rod.
Preferably, the measuring rod is sleeved on the intermediate shaft through a self-lubricating bearing.
Preferably, the center of the measuring rod is connected with the intermediate shaft, and the other end of the measuring rod is provided with a measuring rod handle.
Preferably, a locating block is provided at an edge of the inner support sleeve, the locating block being configured for locating the inner support sleeve in the first aperture.
Preferably, the diesel engine further comprises a third workpiece at least partially staggered or spaced from the first workpiece in the axial direction of the first hole, the first workpiece and the third workpiece together forming the first hole, and the positioning block comprises a first positioning block in contact with the first workpiece and a second positioning block in contact with the third workpiece, respectively.
Preferably, the inner support sleeve includes an inner support sleeve body and a guide portion provided at an edge of a side of the inner support sleeve body remote from the measuring meter and inclined with respect to an axial direction of the inner support sleeve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of measuring coaxiality of a first hole and a second hole on a diesel engine using the coaxiality measuring tool according to one of the above aspects, the diesel engine including a first workpiece having at least a portion of the first hole formed thereon and a second workpiece located rearward of the first workpiece having the second hole formed thereon, characterized by comprising:
Positioning the inner support sleeve within the first bore;
Zeroing the gauge and moving the gauge along the inner surface of said second hole of said second workpiece, recording readings of the gauge at different locations to obtain said coaxiality;
And judging whether the coaxiality is in a preset range, ending the measurement if the coaxiality is in the preset range, and adjusting the second workpiece and repeating the measurement if the coaxiality is beyond the preset range.
Drawings
The following drawings of embodiments of the present invention are included as part of the invention. Embodiments of the present invention and their description are shown in the drawings to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings of which there are shown,
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a coaxiality measuring tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the coaxiality measuring tool of FIG. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the coaxiality measuring tool of fig. 1 in use.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments of the invention.
In the following description, a detailed structure will be presented for a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without limitation to the specific details that are set forth by those skilled in the art.
The present embodiment provides a coaxiality measuring tool 100 for a diesel engine and a method of measuring coaxiality using the coaxiality measuring tool 100. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the coaxiality measuring tool 100 is used to measure coaxiality between a main bearing hole (one example of a first hole) and an oil seal hole (one example of a second hole) located on one side of the main bearing hole in the axial direction of the main bearing hole. For example, in an embodiment not shown, a main bearing bore may be provided in the first work piece. In the present embodiment, the main bearing hole is formed by a main bearing cap (an example of the first work) and a housing (an example of the third work) together, and the main bearing cap and the housing are at least partially offset or spaced apart in the axial direction of the first hole. And the oil seal is formed on the rear end oil seal member 200 located behind the main bearing cap. In this embodiment, the oil seal hole is located rearward of the main bearing hole. The directional terms "forward" and "rearward" as used herein are relative to the actual condition of being "rearward of the oil seal bore" and the main bearing bore and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
The coaxiality measuring tool 100 comprises an inner support sleeve 1, an intermediate shaft 2 and a measuring rod 3. The inner support sleeve 1 is circular in shape and has a diameter which corresponds to the diameter of the main bearing bore so as to be able to be positioned accurately within the main bearing bore in use. In order to be able to place the inner support sleeve 1 smoothly in operation in the main bearing bore, a forwardly extending guide 11 is provided at the edge of the body of the inner support sleeve 1, the guide 11 being provided at the edge of the body of the inner support sleeve 1 on the side facing away from the dial indicator 4, which will be described in detail below, and being inclined relative to the axial direction of the inner support sleeve 1, in other words the outer surface at the front end of the guide 11 is preferably an inclined surface sloping forwardly from back to front inwards.
The intermediate shaft 2 is mounted at the center of the body of the inner support sleeve 1 by a screw 76 and is disposed perpendicular to the body of the inner support sleeve 1.
The measuring rod 3 is positioned at the rear side of the inner support sleeve 1 and is rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft 2. The measuring rod 3 is provided at the center thereof with a through hole corresponding to the intermediate shaft 2 so that the intermediate shaft 2 penetrates therethrough. One end of the measuring rod 3 is detachably mounted with a dial gauge 4 (i.e., a measuring gauge), and the dial gauge 4 can move along the inner peripheral surface of the oil seal hole so as to measure the coaxiality of the oil seal hole and the main bearing hole through a measuring head of the dial gauge. In addition, the other end of the measuring stick 3 is further provided with a measuring stick handle 31 protruding backward, and a user can operate the measuring stick 3 through the measuring stick handle 31, thereby rotating the dial indicator 4. That is, the measuring stick handle 31 and the dial indicator 4 are oppositely disposed with respect to the intermediate shaft 2.
Preferably, the intermediate shaft 2 is formed with a protrusion 21, the protrusion 21 protruding in the radial direction of the intermediate shaft 2 and separating the measuring rod 3 from the inner support sleeve 1. The front side and the rear side of the measuring rod 3 are also provided with plane bearings 74, and the plane bearings 74 and the measuring rod 3 are sleeved on the outer side of the intermediate shaft 2. And, a retainer ring 71 and a washer 72 are provided at the rear part of the intermediate shaft 2, the retainer ring 71 and the washer 72 together forming a stop, the outer side of the intermediate shaft 2 being sleeved with a spring 73, the spring 73 being positioned between the stop and a planar bearing 74 at the rear side of the measuring rod 3 and preferably being in a slightly compressed state.
In this way, the springs 73 are able to press the flat bearings 74, so that the flat bearings 74 press the projections 21, and further so that the projections 21 press the inner support sleeve 1. In this way, the plane bearing 74 is fixed relative to the inner support sleeve 1 under the pressure of the spring 73, ensuring the coaxiality of the intermediate shaft 2 and the inner support sleeve 1 and also ensuring the stability of the rotation shaft of the measuring rod 3. Meanwhile, the intermediate shaft 2 is stably connected with the inner support sleeve 1, and the intermediate shaft 2 is not easy to move back and forth.
Also preferably, a self-lubricating bearing 75 is mounted between the measuring rod 3 and the intermediate shaft 2. Specifically, the self-lubricating bearing 75 is fitted over the outer side of the intermediate shaft 2 and penetrates the through hole of the measuring rod 3 together with the intermediate shaft 2. The self-lubricating bearing 75 has a self-lubricating function so that the measuring rod 3 can smoothly rotate around the intermediate shaft 2 and adhesion or wear between the measuring rod 3 and the intermediate shaft 2 can be prevented. The self-lubricating bearing 75 may be, for example, a graphite copper sleeve.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1, four positioning blocks are provided at the edge of the inner support sleeve 1. The four positioning blocks can be arranged on the edge of the inner supporting sleeve 1 at approximately equal intervals, and can also be arranged on the edge of the inner supporting sleeve 1 in an up-down symmetrical way. In the present embodiment, the four positioning blocks are further divided into two second positioning blocks 61 and two first positioning blocks 62, the two second positioning blocks 61 are disposed at substantially the top of the inner support sleeve 1, and the two first positioning blocks 62 are disposed at substantially the bottom of the inner support sleeve 1.
Since in this embodiment the main bearing bore is formed by the housing together with the main bearing cap located below the housing, the second locating block 61 is configured to cooperate with the housing and the first locating block 62 is configured to cooperate with the main bearing cap. In practice, the rear end faces of the housing and main bearing caps are not flush, and the housing and main bearing are at least partially axially offset or spaced apart. Specifically, the rear end surface of the machine body and the rear end surface of the main bearing cap are spaced apart by a distance Δ along the extending direction of the intermediate shaft 2, and thus the second positioning block 61 and the first positioning block 62 are preferably also arranged to be spaced apart by a distance Δ along the extending direction of the intermediate shaft 2, so that in operation the second positioning block 61 can be brought into contact with the machine body and the first positioning block 62 into contact with the main bearing cap.
Preferably, the handle 5 is detachably mounted on the inner support sleeve 1 to facilitate the movement of the inner support sleeve 1. When the inner support sleeve 1 is placed in the main bearing hole, the handle 5 can be detached again, so that the handle 5 does not influence the rotation of the measuring rod 3.
In measuring the coaxiality of the main bearing hole and the rear end oil seal using the coaxiality measuring tool 100, it is first ensured that both the main bearing cap and the rear end oil seal member 200 are fixed. Then, the second positioning block 61 is brought into contact with the body by moving the coaxiality measuring tool 100 by the handle 5, the first positioning block 62 is brought into contact with the main bearing cap, and then the coaxiality measuring tool 100 is moved forward so that the inner support sleeve 1 is fixed in the main bearing hole, and the intermediate shaft 2 is accurately positioned on the axis of the main bearing hole.
Next, the handle 5 may be rotated counterclockwise to detach the handle 5. The dial indicator 4 is then mounted on the measuring rod 3 at a corresponding position using a butterfly bolt, ensuring that the measuring head of the dial indicator 4 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rear oil seal hole of the rear oil seal member 200. Afterwards, the dial indicator 4 is zeroed at a lower position, then the measuring rod handle 31 is held to rotate the measuring rod 3 by one circle (the rotation direction can be shown by an arrow in fig. 3, for example), and the readings of the dial indicator 4 at different positions are recorded, wherein the readings of the dial indicator 4 are the coaxiality of the rear end oil sealing hole and the main bearing hole.
Then, it is determined whether the measured coaxiality is within the range of the technical requirements. And ending the measurement if the measured coaxiality is within the technical requirement range. If the measured coaxiality is not within the technical requirement range, the back-end oil seal component 200 is adjusted, and then the above measurement steps are repeated until the measured coaxiality meets the technical requirement.
After the measurement is completed, the handle 5 is again installed back to the inner support sleeve 1, and then the coaxiality measuring tool 100 is removed through the handle 5, and then the machine body is hinged at the position of the positioning pin hole of the rear end oil seal part 200.
It can be seen from the above description that the coaxiality measuring device and method disclosed by the invention can accurately, simply and rapidly finish coaxiality measurement, and ensure that the diesel engine can be assembled rapidly and smoothly.
In other embodiments, not shown, the coaxiality measuring tool 100 and method may also be applied to other components and locations of a diesel engine, the working principle of which is similar to that of the present embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Terms such as "disposed" or the like as used herein may refer to either one element being directly attached to another element or one element being attached to another element through an intermediate member. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features unless the features are not applicable or otherwise indicated in the other embodiment.
The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the teachings of the invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A coaxiality measuring tool for a diesel engine, the diesel engine comprising a first workpiece having at least a portion of a first hole formed therein and a second workpiece having a second hole formed therein, the diesel engine further comprising a third workpiece at least partially offset or spaced from the first workpiece in an axial direction of the first hole, the first workpiece and the third workpiece together forming the first hole, the coaxiality measuring tool for measuring coaxiality between the first hole and the second hole, the coaxiality measuring tool comprising:
An inner support sleeve configured to be coaxially disposed within the first hole, a positioning block being disposed at an edge of the inner support sleeve, the positioning block configured to position the inner support sleeve in the first hole, the positioning block including a first positioning block in contact with the first workpiece and a second positioning block in contact with the third workpiece, respectively;
the intermediate shaft is coaxially arranged on the inner support sleeve;
A gauge provided on the intermediate shaft, the gauge being rotatable with respect to the intermediate shaft to contact an inner peripheral surface of the second hole and measure the coaxiality; and
The measuring rod is rotatably connected to the intermediate shaft, the measuring meter is arranged at one end of the measuring rod, the measuring rod is sleeved on the intermediate shaft through a self-lubricating bearing, the self-lubricating bearing is sleeved on the outer side of the intermediate shaft,
Wherein, the jackshaft includes jackshaft body and follow the jackshaft body outwards outstanding bulge, the bulge is positioned between interior supporting sleeve and the measuring stick.
2. The coaxiality measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate shaft is sequentially sleeved with a stop part, a spring and plane bearings positioned on two sides of the measuring rod, and the spring is positioned between the stop part and the measuring rod.
3. The coaxiality measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein the center of the measuring rod is connected with the intermediate shaft, and the other end of the measuring rod is provided with a measuring rod handle.
4. The coaxiality measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein the inner support sleeve includes an inner support sleeve body and a guide portion provided at an edge of a side of the inner support sleeve body remote from the measuring meter and inclined with respect to an axial direction of the inner support sleeve.
5. A method of measuring coaxiality of a first hole and a second hole on a diesel engine using the coaxiality measuring tool of any one of claims 1 to 4, the diesel engine including a first workpiece having at least a portion of the first hole formed thereon and a second workpiece located rearward of the first workpiece having the second hole formed thereon, the method comprising:
Positioning the inner support sleeve within the first bore;
Zeroing the gauge and moving the gauge along the inner surface of said second hole of said second workpiece, recording readings of the gauge at different locations to obtain said coaxiality;
And judging whether the coaxiality is in a preset range, ending the measurement if the coaxiality is in the preset range, and adjusting the second workpiece and repeating the measurement if the coaxiality is beyond the preset range.
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CN201711433120.0A CN109959324B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Coaxiality measuring tool and method |
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CN201711433120.0A CN109959324B (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | Coaxiality measuring tool and method |
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CN109959324B true CN109959324B (en) | 2024-07-02 |
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CN110411323B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2020-08-14 | 西南交通大学 | Device for detecting brush box in locomotive grounding device |
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CN2084603U (en) * | 1989-11-12 | 1991-09-11 | 青州水泵厂 | Inner hole centering device |
CN203132490U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-08-14 | 山东大柴缸体缸盖股份有限公司 | Composite test tool for coaxiality of cylinder body crankshaft hole and oil sealing rack hole and cycle run-out |
CN208042966U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-11-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Coaxiality measuring tool |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100398976C (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2008-07-02 | 陈焕春 | Hole-to-hole circle pulsation measuring tool |
CN102980503A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-03-20 | 无锡麦铁精密机械制造有限公司 | Coaxiality inspection device for large-diameter workpiece oil groove |
CN103486951B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-11-25 | 南车洛阳机车有限公司 | The axiality detection device of diesel-engine body spindle hole and large oil sealing hole |
CN105258623A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-01-20 | 宁夏共享精密加工有限公司 | Special-purpose tool for measuring coaxiality of inner bore and using method thereof |
CN206514793U (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-09-22 | 沪东重机有限公司 | A kind of hand-held tool detected for axiality |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2084603U (en) * | 1989-11-12 | 1991-09-11 | 青州水泵厂 | Inner hole centering device |
CN203132490U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-08-14 | 山东大柴缸体缸盖股份有限公司 | Composite test tool for coaxiality of cylinder body crankshaft hole and oil sealing rack hole and cycle run-out |
CN208042966U (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-11-02 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Coaxiality measuring tool |
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