CN109955554B - Sound insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of sound insulation materials, wherein the sound insulation material comprises a pair of outer barrier layers; after the sound energy enters the inner absorption layer, the sound energy is absorbed by the sound absorption filling material in the absorption particles, so that part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the effect of sound energy loss is achieved; part of the sound energy left in the inner absorption layer is reflected, and part of the sound energy penetrates through the inner absorption layer, so that the sound energy respectively enters the pair of outer barrier layers and is reflected and blocked again by the outer barrier layers, and the effect of multiple sound insulation is achieved; compared with the sound insulation material in the prior art, the sound insulation material has the advantages that the weight of the prepared sound insulation material is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the sound insulation effect is obviously improved under the condition that the thickness and the required material are not changed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sound insulation materials, in particular to a sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The sound insulation material is a material, a member or a structure which can block sound transmission or weaken transmitted sound energy, and is characterized by heavier mass and higher density, such as a steel plate, a lead plate, a concrete wall, a brick wall and the like.
For sound insulation materials, to reduce transmitted sound energy and block sound transmission, it is not as porous, loose and air permeable as sound absorption materials, but it should be heavy and dense, such as steel plate, lead plate, brick wall, etc. The sound insulation material is required to be compact and have no pores or gaps; has a large weight. Such sound-insulating materials have poor sound-absorbing properties because they are dense, difficult to absorb and transmit sound energy, and have strong reflection energy. The sound-absorbing material is mostly loose and porous material, the sound absorption mechanism is that sound waves go deep into the pores of the material, and the pores are mostly open pores with mutually communicated inner parts, and the sound-absorbing material is subjected to air molecule friction and viscous resistance and makes fine fibers perform mechanical vibration so as to convert sound energy into heat energy, so the sound-absorbing material is generally used in places which are easy to have echoes, such as a studio, a cinema and the like, and is used for preventing echoes.
Research and development of sound insulation materials with good processability, thinness, softness, low cost and high filling capacity are always very interesting topics. The sound insulation performance of the material has a great relationship with the surface density, rigidity, damping performance, frequency of incident sound waves, properties of sound sources and the like of the material.
The existing sound insulation materials mostly adopt the mode of increasing the surface density and the thickness to improve the sound insulation effect, a large amount of raw materials are consumed, the manufactured sound insulation materials are heavy and thick, the use environment is limited, and the installation difficulty is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof, wherein external sound waves are initially reflected and blocked through an outer barrier layer, so that transmitted sound energy entering an inner absorption layer is weakened; after the sound energy enters the inner absorption layer, the sound energy is absorbed by the sound absorption filling material in the absorption particles, so that part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the effect of sound energy loss is achieved; part of the sound energy left in the inner absorption layer is reflected, and part of the sound energy penetrates through the inner absorption layer, so that the sound energy respectively enters the pair of outer barrier layers and is reflected and blocked again by the outer barrier layers, and the effect of multiple sound insulation is achieved; compared with the sound insulation material in the prior art, the sound insulation material has the advantages that the weight of the prepared sound insulation material is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the sound insulation effect is obviously improved under the condition that the thickness and the required material are not changed.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A sound insulation material comprises a pair of outer barrier layers, wherein an inner absorption layer is arranged between the outer barrier layers, the inner absorption layer is bonded with the outer barrier layers through a bonding agent, the bonding agent adopts phenolic resin glue, the inner absorption layer comprises a fusion material and absorption particles, the absorption particles comprise a sealed shell, sound absorption filling materials are filled in the sealed shell, and a plurality of absorption grooves which are uniformly distributed are formed in the outer surface of the sealed shell; after the sound energy enters the inner absorption layer, the sound energy is absorbed by the sound absorption filling material in the absorption particles, so that part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the effect of sound energy loss is achieved; part of the sound energy left in the inner absorption layer is reflected, and part of the sound energy penetrates through the inner absorption layer, so that the sound energy respectively enters the pair of outer barrier layers and is reflected and blocked again by the outer barrier layers, and the effect of multiple sound insulation is achieved; compared with the sound insulation material in the prior art, the sound insulation material has the advantages that under the condition that the thickness and the required material are not changed, the weight of the prepared sound insulation material is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, and meanwhile, the sound insulation effect is obviously improved;
the closed shell is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating inorganic materials and is used for protecting the sound-absorbing filler from being influenced by high temperature;
the sound absorption filling material is made of inorganic fiber sound absorption materials, and is good in sound absorption performance and light in weight;
the outer barrier layer and the fusion material both comprise the following components: basalt ore, waste steel slag powder, waste glass powder, gypsum, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene, a high-molecular compatilizer, a diluent, a coupling agent and an antioxidant;
the diluent is chlorinated paraffin, the chlorinated paraffin is a mixture of chlorinated paraffin 42 and chlorinated paraffin 52, and the mass ratio of the chlorinated paraffin 42 to the chlorinated paraffin 52 is 1: 1;
the coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent and acid ester coupling agent;
the macromolecular compatilizer is a maleic anhydride grafted compatilizer, and the antioxidant is a BHT antioxidant;
the preparation method of the outer barrier layer comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 5-10 parts of basalt ore, 10-15 parts of waste steel slag powder, 5-10 parts of waste glass powder and 5-8 parts of gypsum according to parts by weight, putting into a ball mill, grinding into fine powder of 200 meshes, putting into a high-speed mixer, adding 3-5 parts of diluent, stirring and mixing for 6-10 minutes to obtain a first mixture;
s2, adding 5-8 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5-8 parts of low-density polyethylene and 2-5 parts of high-molecular compatilizer into the mixture I, and continuing stirring for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixture II; then adding 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-3 parts of antioxidant, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a third mixture;
s3, introducing the mixture III into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10-20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃ for plasticizing; then sending the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, wherein the temperature of the extruder is 120 ℃, and obtaining an outer barrier layer;
the preparation method of the inner absorption layer comprises the following steps: adding 10-20 parts of absorbing particles into the third mixture, stirring for 8-10 minutes to obtain a fourth mixture, introducing the fourth mixture into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10-20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃, plasticizing, and then conveying the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extruding and calendering, wherein the extruder temperature is 120 ℃, so as to obtain an internal absorbing layer;
a sound insulation material is prepared by the following steps: preparing two outer barrier layers and an inner absorption layer, coating adhesives on two ends of the inner absorption layer, respectively bonding the two outer barrier layers to two ends of the inner absorption layer, performing hot pressing treatment through hot pressing equipment, cooling at normal temperature, and performing cold pressing treatment through cold pressing equipment to obtain the final sound insulation material.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the scheme, the external sound waves are initially reflected and blocked through the outer barrier layer, and the transmitted sound energy entering the inner absorption layer is weakened; after the sound energy enters the inner absorption layer, the sound energy is absorbed by the sound absorption filling material in the absorption particles, so that part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the effect of sound energy loss is achieved; part of the sound energy left in the inner absorption layer is reflected, and part of the sound energy penetrates through the inner absorption layer, so that the sound energy respectively enters the pair of outer barrier layers and is reflected and blocked again by the outer barrier layers, and the effect of multiple sound insulation is achieved; compared with the sound insulation material in the prior art, the sound insulation material has the advantages that the weight of the prepared sound insulation material is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the sound insulation effect is obviously improved under the condition that the thickness and the required material are not changed.
(2) The sealed shell is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating inorganic materials and used for protecting the sound-absorbing filling materials from being affected by high temperature, and the sound-absorbing filling materials are made of inorganic fiber sound-absorbing materials, so that the sound-absorbing performance is good and the weight is light.
(3) The third mixture can be contacted with the sound absorption filling material more closely through the adsorption tank, so that the prepared inner absorption layer is more compact, and the sound insulation and silencing are better.
(4) The same raw materials and the same process are adopted for treating the raw materials through the outer barrier layer and the fusion material, so that the preparation procedures can be reduced, and the preparation efficiency is improved; the raw materials adopt two process waste residues of waste steel slag powder and waste glass powder, and two white pollutants of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and low-density polyethylene generated by plastic products such as films, packaging plastic bags and plastics, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the effect of environmental protection is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an absorbent particle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation of the outer barrier layer and the inner absorbent layer of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
the material comprises an outer barrier layer 1, an inner absorption layer 2, a 201 fused material, an absorption particle 3, a closed shell 301, a 302 sound absorption filling material, an 303 absorption tank and a 4 binding agent.
Detailed Description
The drawings in the embodiments of the invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described; obviously; the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the invention; but not all embodiments, are based on the embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step; all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a sound insulation material includes a pair of outer barrier layers 1, an inner absorption layer 2 is disposed between the pair of outer barrier layers 1, the inner absorption layer 2 and the outer barrier layers 1 are bonded by a binder 4, the binder 4 is phenolic resin glue, referring to fig. 2, the inner absorption layer 2 includes a melting material 201 and absorption particles 3, referring to fig. 3, the absorption particles 3 include a closed shell 301, the closed shell 301 is filled with a sound absorption filler 302, the closed shell 301 is made of a high temperature resistant heat insulation inorganic material for protecting the sound absorption filler 302 from being affected by high temperature, the sound absorption filler 302 is made of an inorganic fiber sound absorption material, the sound absorption performance is good, the texture is light, and a plurality of uniformly distributed absorption grooves 303 are drilled on the outer surface of the closed shell 301.
The outer barrier layer 1 and the blend 201 both comprise the following components: basalt ore, waste steel slag powder, waste glass powder, gypsum, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene, a high-molecular compatilizer, a diluent, a coupling agent and an antioxidant.
The diluent is chlorinated paraffin, the chlorinated paraffin is a mixture of chlorinated paraffin 42 and chlorinated paraffin 52, and the mass ratio of the chlorinated paraffin 42 to the chlorinated paraffin 52 is 1: 1, the coupling agent is one of a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent and an acid ester coupling agent, the macromolecular compatilizer is a maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, and the antioxidant is a BHT antioxidant.
The preparation method of the outer barrier layer 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 5 parts of basalt ore, 10 parts of waste steel slag powder, 5 parts of waste glass powder and 5 parts of gypsum according to parts by weight, putting the basalt ore, the waste steel slag powder, the waste glass powder and the gypsum into a ball mill, grinding the materials into fine powder of 200 meshes, putting the fine powder into a high-speed mixer, adding 3 parts of a diluent, stirring and mixing for 6 minutes to obtain a first mixture;
s2, adding 5 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5 parts of low-density polyethylene and 2 parts of high-molecular compatilizer into the mixture I, and continuing stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture II; then adding 3 parts of coupling agent and 1 part of antioxidant, and stirring for 5 minutes to obtain a third mixture;
s3, introducing the mixture III into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃ for plasticizing; and then sending the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, wherein the temperature of the extruder is 120 ℃, and obtaining the outer barrier layer 1.
The preparation method of the inner absorption layer 2 comprises the following steps: and adding 10 parts of absorbing particles 3 into the mixture III, stirring for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture IV, introducing the mixture IV into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃, plasticizing, conveying the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, and obtaining an internal absorbing layer 2 at the extruder temperature of 120 ℃.
When the mixture four is prepared, the mixture three enters the adsorption tank 303, so that the contact between the mixture three and the sound absorption filling material 302 is tighter, the prepared inner absorption layer 2 is more compact, and the sound insulation and silencing are better.
The raw materials are treated by adopting the same raw materials and the same process through the outer barrier layer 1 and the fusion material 201, so that the preparation procedures can be reduced, and the preparation efficiency is improved; the raw materials adopt two process waste residues of waste steel slag powder and waste glass powder, and two white pollutants of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and low-density polyethylene generated by plastic products such as films, packaging plastic bags and plastics, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the effect of environmental protection is achieved.
A sound insulation material is prepared by the following steps: preparing two outer barrier layers 1 and an inner absorption layer 2, coating a binder 4 at two ends of the inner absorption layer 2, respectively bonding the two outer barrier layers 1 to two ends of the inner absorption layer 2, performing hot pressing treatment through hot pressing equipment, and performing cold pressing treatment through cold pressing equipment after cooling at normal temperature to obtain the final sound insulation material.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, a sound insulation material comprises a pair of outer barrier layers 1, an inner absorption layer 2 is arranged between the pair of outer barrier layers 1, the inner absorption layer 2 is bonded with the outer barrier layers 1 through a binder 4, the binder 4 is phenolic resin glue, the inner absorption layer 2 comprises a fusion material 201 and absorption particles 3, referring to fig. 2, the absorption particles 3 comprise a sealed shell 301, the inside of the sealed shell 301 is filled with a sound absorption filling material 302, the sealed shell 301 is made of a high temperature resistant heat insulation inorganic material and used for protecting the sound absorption filling material 302 from being affected by high temperature, the sound absorption filling material 302 is made of an inorganic fiber sound absorption material, the sound absorption performance is good, the texture is light, and a plurality of adsorption tanks 303 which are uniformly distributed are drilled on the outer surface of the sealed shell 301.
The outer barrier layer 1 and the blend 201 both comprise the following components: basalt ore, waste steel slag powder, waste glass powder, gypsum, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene, a high-molecular compatilizer, a diluent, a coupling agent and an antioxidant.
The diluent is chlorinated paraffin, the chlorinated paraffin is a mixture of chlorinated paraffin 42 and chlorinated paraffin 52, and the mass ratio of the chlorinated paraffin 42 to the chlorinated paraffin 52 is 1: 1, the coupling agent is one of a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent and an acid ester coupling agent, the macromolecular compatilizer is a maleic anhydride grafting compatilizer, and the antioxidant is a BHT antioxidant.
The preparation method of the outer barrier layer 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10 parts of basalt ore, 15 parts of waste steel slag powder, 10 parts of waste glass powder and 8 parts of gypsum according to parts by weight, putting the basalt ore, the waste steel slag powder, the waste glass powder and the gypsum into a ball mill, grinding the materials into fine powder of 200 meshes, putting the fine powder into a high-speed mixer, adding 5 parts of diluent, stirring and mixing the mixture for 10 minutes to obtain a first mixture;
s2, adding 8 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 8 parts of low-density polyethylene and 5 parts of high-molecular compatilizer into the mixture I, and continuing stirring for 15 minutes to obtain a mixture II; then adding 5 parts of coupling agent and 3 parts of antioxidant, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a third mixture;
s3, introducing the mixture III into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃ for plasticizing; and then sending the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, wherein the temperature of the extruder is 120 ℃, and obtaining the outer barrier layer 1.
The preparation method of the inner absorption layer 2 comprises the following steps: and adding 20 parts of absorbing particles 3 into the mixture III, stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture IV, introducing the mixture IV into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃, plasticizing, conveying the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, and obtaining an internal absorbing layer 2 at the extruder temperature of 120 ℃.
When the mixture four is prepared, the mixture three enters the adsorption tank 303, so that the contact between the mixture three and the sound absorption filling material 302 is tighter, the prepared inner absorption layer 2 is more compact, and the sound insulation and silencing are better.
The raw materials are treated by adopting the same raw materials and the same process through the outer barrier layer 1 and the fusion material 201, so that the preparation procedures can be reduced, and the preparation efficiency is improved; the raw materials adopt two process waste residues of waste steel slag powder and waste glass powder, and two white pollutants of methyl vinyl silicone rubber and low-density polyethylene generated by plastic products such as films, packaging plastic bags and plastics, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the effect of environmental protection is achieved.
A sound insulation material is prepared by the following steps: preparing two outer barrier layers 1 and an inner absorption layer 2, coating a binder 4 at two ends of the inner absorption layer 2, respectively bonding the two outer barrier layers 1 to two ends of the inner absorption layer 2, performing hot pressing treatment through hot pressing equipment, and performing cold pressing treatment through cold pressing equipment after cooling at normal temperature to obtain the final sound insulation material.
The invention firstly carries out primary reflection blocking on external sound waves through the outer blocking layer 1, and weakens the transmission sound energy entering the inner absorbing layer 2; after the sound energy enters the inner absorption layer 2, the sound energy is absorbed by the sound absorption filling material 302 in the absorption particles 3, so that part of the sound energy is converted into heat energy, and the effect of sound energy loss is achieved; a part of the sound energy left in the inner absorption layer 2 is reflected, and a part of the sound energy penetrates through the inner absorption layer 2, so that the sound energy respectively enters the pair of outer barrier layers 1 and is reflected and blocked again by the outer barrier layers 1, and the effect of multiple sound insulation is achieved; compared with the sound insulation material in the prior art, the sound insulation material has the advantages that the weight of the prepared sound insulation material is reduced, the installation difficulty is reduced, and the sound insulation effect is obviously improved under the condition that the thickness and the required material are not changed.
The above; but are merely preferred embodiments of the invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope of the present disclosure; the technical scheme and the improved concept of the invention are equally replaced or changed; are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An acoustic insulating material comprising a pair of outer barrier layers (1), characterized in that: an inner absorption layer (2) is arranged between the pair of outer barrier layers (1), the inner absorption layer (2) is bonded with the outer barrier layers (1) through a bonding agent (4), the bonding agent (4) adopts phenolic resin glue, the inner absorption layer (2) comprises a melting material (201) and absorption particles (3), the absorption particles (3) comprise a closed shell (301), the inside of the closed shell (301) is filled with a sound absorption filling material (302), and a plurality of adsorption grooves (303) which are uniformly distributed are chiseled on the outer surface of the closed shell (301);
the closed shell (301) is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating inorganic materials;
the sound absorption filling material (302) is made of inorganic fiber sound absorption material;
the outer barrier layer (1) and the fusion material (201) both comprise the following components: basalt ore, waste steel slag powder, waste glass powder, gypsum, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, low-density polyethylene, a high-molecular compatilizer, a diluent, a coupling agent and an antioxidant;
the diluent is chlorinated paraffin, the chlorinated paraffin is a mixture of chlorinated paraffin 42 and chlorinated paraffin 52, and the mass ratio of the chlorinated paraffin 42 to the chlorinated paraffin 52 is 1: 1;
the coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent and titanate coupling agent;
the macromolecular compatilizer is a maleic anhydride grafted compatilizer, and the antioxidant is a BHT antioxidant;
the preparation method of the outer barrier layer (1) comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 5-10 parts of basalt ore, 10-15 parts of waste steel slag powder, 5-10 parts of waste glass powder and 5-8 parts of gypsum according to parts by weight, putting into a ball mill, grinding into fine powder of 200 meshes, putting into a high-speed mixer, adding 3-5 parts of diluent, stirring and mixing for 6-10 minutes to obtain a first mixture;
s2, adding 5-8 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 5-8 parts of low-density polyethylene and 2-5 parts of high-molecular compatilizer into the mixture I, and continuing stirring for 10-15 minutes to obtain a mixture II; then adding 3-5 parts of coupling agent and 1-3 parts of antioxidant, and stirring for 5-10 minutes to obtain a third mixture;
s3, introducing the mixture III into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10-20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃ for plasticizing; then sending the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extrusion and calendering, wherein the temperature of the extruder is 120 ℃, and obtaining an outer barrier layer (1);
the preparation method of the inner absorption layer (2) comprises the following steps: adding 10-20 parts of absorbing particles (3) into the mixture III, stirring for 8-10 minutes to obtain a mixture IV, introducing the mixture IV into an internal mixer for internal mixing for 10-20 minutes at the internal mixing temperature of 150 ℃, plasticizing, conveying the plasticized material into a screw extruder for extruding and calendering, and obtaining an internal absorbing layer (2) at the extruder temperature of 120 ℃;
a sound insulation material is prepared by the following steps: preparing two outer barrier layers (1) and an inner absorption layer (2), coating a binder (4) at two ends of the inner absorption layer (2), respectively bonding the two outer barrier layers (1) to two ends of the inner absorption layer (2), then carrying out hot-pressing treatment through hot-pressing equipment, cooling at normal temperature, and then carrying out cold-pressing treatment through cold-pressing equipment to obtain the final sound insulation material.
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