CN109952513A

CN109952513A - A kind of method and school survey device of the survey of phased array school

Info

Publication number: CN109952513A
Application number: CN201880004203.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 葛广顶; 赵旭波; 赵德双
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-04
Filing date: 2018-04-28
Publication date: 2019-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-28
Also published as: US20200358177A1; EP3671233A1; WO2019041868A1; CN109952513B; US11121464B2; EP3671233A4; EP3671233B1; CN107765104B; CN107765104A

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of methods that phased array school is surveyed, this method is applied to school and surveys device, include the first phased array and the second phased array, first phased array includes the first radio frequency RF channel, second phased array includes the second RF channel, the topological structure of first RF channel and the topological structure of the second RF channel have mirror symmetry relationship, and the radiation front interval sub-wavelength distance of the radiation front and the first phased array of the second phased array receives the coupled signal sent by the first RF channel by the second RF channel；The corresponding amplitude error value of the first RF channel and digital baseband input signal are determined according to coupled signal；If meeting default error correction condition, range coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel is corrected with phase coefficient；The performance indicator parameter of the first phased array is measured using target amplitude coefficient and target phase coefficient.This application discloses a kind of schools to survey device.The application can carry out quick amplitude and phase correction to whole RF channels of phased array to be measured, promote detection efficiency, reduce occupied area, reduce cost.

Description

Phased array calibration method and calibration device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for phased array calibration.

Background

The basic principle of the phased array is to use superposition and phase variation of the radiation waveforms of the unit antennas to realize power synthesis and beam scanning, and the radiation performance of the phased array is mainly determined by the unit antennas and a beam control system and is characterized by a far-field directional diagram. The phased array antenna has small distance between antenna units and strong mutual coupling, thereby leading to the reduction of antenna gain and the elevation of side lobe level, not only being incapable of realizing accurate beam scanning in serious conditions, but also possibly causing serious beam distortion. The performance of the phased array is affected by a plurality of factors, including device inconsistency, manufacturing tolerance, assembly error, environmental variation, array element cross coupling, position deviation, channel failure and the like in channel error, so that correction, fault judgment and positioning, performance evaluation, maintenance correction and test in the phased array are very important.

In the testing of phased array antennas, measurements and corrections are complementary. At present, a commonly used phased array antenna testing method is a far field testing method, specifically, a tested antenna device is placed on a three-dimensional rotating turntable, a testing probe is placed at a far field position of the tested antenna, and various indexes of the antenna device are completely tested by rotating the turntable and adopting a frequency sweeping mode.

However, the far-field test method usually requires a large test space, which limits the test site and is not favorable for the convenience of the test. Meanwhile, if a large number of antenna devices are encountered, it takes a lot of time to test each unit of the antenna devices, resulting in inefficient testing.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for phased array calibration, which can improve the detection efficiency, reduce the occupied area and reduce the cost, thereby greatly shortening the time required by phased array calibration and improving the detection efficiency of phased array products.

In view of this, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for phased array calibration, in which a calibration apparatus including a first phased array and a second phased array is mainly used, where the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, and may specifically be a phased array antenna to be detected. The second phased array is a mirror image correction test array. The first phased array comprises at least one first RF channel, the second phased array comprises at least one second RF channel, the number of the second RF channels in the second phased array is larger than or equal to the number of the first RF channels, so that the topological structure of each first RF channel can correspond to the topological structure of each second RF channel, and the first RF channel and the second RF channel are in mirror symmetry, namely the first RF channel and the second RF channel are in face-to-face coupling. Here, the topology refers to the structure on the hardware, such as the spacing between the first RF channel and the second RF channel, and the number of the first RF channel and the second RF channel. If the number of second RF channels is greater than the number of first RF channels, then there are redundant second RF channels that are not mirror symmetric to the first RF channels. It will be appreciated that the radiation fronts of the first phased array are spaced from the radiation fronts of the second phased array by sub-wavelength distances, the sub-wavelength being on the order of nanometers and thus being smaller than the wavelength.

The calibration device receives a coupling signal transmitted by a first RF channel in the first phased array through a second RF channel of the second phased array, then determines an amplitude value and a phase value of the first RF channel according to the coupling signal, and calculates an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and the phase value and standard metering data.

If the calculated amplitude deviation value and the calculated phase deviation value satisfy the preset error condition, that is, if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, it is determined that the preset error condition is satisfied, and at this time, the calibration and measurement device needs to calibrate the amplitude coefficients and the phase coefficients corresponding to all the first RF channels, and obtain the calibrated target amplitude coefficients and the target phase coefficients.

The calibration device can test the first phased array by using the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient, and obtain various performance index parameters corresponding to the first phased array, such as equivalent omnidirectional radiation power, error vector amplitude and error rate.

In the embodiment of the application, a method for calibrating a phased array is provided, which is mainly applied to a calibration device, the calibration device comprises a first phased array and a second phased array, the first phased array comprises a first radio frequency RF channel, the second phased array comprises a second RF channel, the first RF channel and the second RF channel have a corresponding relationship, and a sub-wavelength distance is spaced between a radiation front of the second phased array and a radiation front of the first phased array. The method comprises the steps that a calibration and measurement device receives a coupling signal sent through a first RF channel through a second RF channel, then an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel are determined according to the coupling signal, if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions, the calibration and measurement device needs to correct an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, and finally the calibration and measurement device can measure performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient. Through the mode, the calibrated mirror image phased array is placed opposite to the phase array surface to be detected in the subwavelength range, all RF channels of the phased array to be detected are subjected to rapid amplitude and phase correction through a direct coupling mechanism of clinging between the array element antennas, so that the detection efficiency is improved, the occupied area is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the detection efficiency of phased array products and the time required by phased array correction can be greatly reduced.

In one possible design, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the first phased array includes a plurality of first RF channels, and the second phased array includes a plurality of second RF channels, so that the receiving, by the second RF channels of the second phased array, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channels may include the following steps:

and after strictly and precisely correcting the second phased array, mounting the second phased array on a fixed assembly line detection platform to serve as standard correction and measurement equipment of the first phased array. Firstly, all second RF channels which are directly coupled with the first RF channels in a second phased array of the calibration device are in a closed state, wherein each second RF channel of the second phased array is controlled by a switch matrix, the switch matrix comprises a plurality of switches, one switch is connected with one second RF channel, and in addition, an attenuator is arranged at each switch and can prevent the power from being overlarge.

Next, the second RF channels may be turned on one by one in a certain order, for example, assuming that there are now 9 first RF channels in the first phased array and the second phased array also has 9 second RF channels, and the 9 second RF channels are numbered 1 to 9 in sequence. Initially, the 9 second RF channels are all in the closed state, and then the second RF channel # 1 is opened first, then the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 1 corresponding to the second RF channel # 1 is received through the second RF channel # 1, then the second RF channel # 1 is closed, then the second RF channel # 2 is opened, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 2 corresponding to the second RF channel # 2 is received through the second RF channel # 2, and so on, until the coupled signals from the 9 first RF channels are all received.

In this embodiment, all the second RF channels corresponding to the first RF channels are first closed, then each of the second RF channels is sequentially opened, and finally the coupling signal transmitted by each of the first RF channels is received through each of the second RF channels. Through the mode, the phased array that can treat the detection one by one carries out the correction and the measurement of amplitude and phase, can all proofread every first RF passageway promptly, proofreads and determine a plurality of RF passageways simultaneously relatively, and this application is favorable to promoting the accuracy of proofreading and determination.

In a possible design, in a second implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the following steps may be adopted to receive the coupled signal transmitted by each of the first RF channels through the second RF channel:

specifically, in the first step, when all the second RF channels mirror-symmetrical to the first RF channel are in the closed state, the nth second RF channel of the second RF channels is opened, where n is a positive integer and is not greater than the total number of the first RF channels. In the second step, the calibration apparatus receives the coupled signal transmitted from the nth first RF channel through the nth second RF channel, which has a mirror-symmetric relationship with the nth first RF channel. After the reception of the coupled signal is completed, the second RF channel is closed in a third step.

The first to third steps may detect a coupling signal transmitted from any one of the first RF channels in the first phased array, and all the first RF channels in the first phased array may transmit the coupling signal by using the three steps until the coupling signal transmitted by the first RF channel is received by the second RF channel.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, how the second RF channel receives the coupling signal from the first RF channel is described, and a group of first RF channels and the corresponding second RF channels are taken as an example for description, and by using a similar method, the amplitude and phase of the phased array to be detected can be corrected and measured one by one, that is, each first RF channel can be corrected and measured, and a plurality of RF channels can be corrected and measured relatively at the same time.

In a possible design, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the determining, by the calibration apparatus, an amplitude offset value and a phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal may specifically include the following steps:

first, a vector network analyzer in the calibration apparatus can detect an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the acquired coupling signal. It is understood that, in general, the amplitude value and the phase value are for each first RF channel, but in practical applications, the amplitude value and the phase value may also be for a plurality of first RF channels, and we take the amplitude value and the phase value of one first RF channel as an example to describe, however, this should not constitute a limitation to the present solution.

After the amplitude value and the phase value of the first RF channel are obtained, an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value may be calculated, respectively, using the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value that are set in advance. For example, assuming that the predetermined amplitude value is-20 db, the predetermined phase value is 2 degrees, the amplitude value of the first RF channel is-15 db, and the phase value of the first RF channel is 5 degrees, the amplitude offset value is (-15- (-20)) -5, and the phase offset value is (5-2) — 3.

As can be seen, in the embodiment of the present application, the amplitude value and the phase value corresponding to the first RF channel are obtained according to the coupling signal, and then the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value that are needed by us are obtained through calculation by respectively using the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value. By the method, the deviation value between the currently measured amplitude-phase value and the preset amplitude-phase value can be obtained, and the deviation value is used for determining whether the RF channel has abnormity or faults, so that the practicability and operability of the scheme are improved.

In a possible design, in a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, after determining, according to the coupled signal, the amplitude offset value and the phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel, the calibration apparatus may further perform the following steps:

the calibration device determines whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range, and if both conditions are met, the calibration device can determine that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions. Taking a 9-element antenna as an example, assuming that the preset amplitude error range is greater than or equal to 10 db, the preset phase error range is greater than or equal to 5 degrees, and the amplitude deviation values of the 9 first RF channels are respectively 12 db, 5 db, 11 db, 10 db, 5 db, 3db, 7 db, 4 db and 19 db, after comparison, the maximum amplitude deviation value is found to be 19 db, which is greater than 10 db, so that the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is determined to be within the preset amplitude error range. The phase deviation values of the 9 first RF channels are 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 8 degrees, 1 degree, 3 degrees, 7 degrees, 10 degrees and 6 degrees, respectively, and after comparison, the maximum phase deviation value is found to be 10 degrees, which is already greater than 5 degrees, so that it is determined that the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range. At this time, it is described that the preset error correction condition is currently satisfied.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value, further determine whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range, and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, if yes, it is determined that the preset error correction condition is satisfied, then subsequent RF channel amplitude and phase correction can be performed, otherwise, if the preset error correction condition is not satisfied, it is considered that the RF channel has a channel fault, and then subsequent channel amplitude and phase correction is not performed, the first phased array is directly detached from the second phased array by the manipulator, and maintenance is sent back, so that it is helpful to discover as early as possible whether the phased array to be detected fails, thereby improving the practicability of the scheme.

In a possible design, in a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, after determining, by the calibration apparatus, the amplitude offset value and the phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal, the following steps may be further performed:

firstly, a calibration device acquires a first position vector of a first RF channel in space and a second position vector of a second RF channel in space, then an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient can be determined according to the first position vector and the second position vector, and finally a coupling coefficient is calculated according to a near-zone electric field generated by the first RF channel, a near-zone electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by adopting a correlation formula.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after determining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel, the first position vector and the second position vector may be further obtained, and then the coupling coefficient is calculated according to a series of parameters. Through the method, more accurate coupling coefficient can be obtained and used for subsequent RF channel calibration, and therefore feasibility of the scheme is improved.

In a possible design, in a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the calibrating device corrects the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, and specifically includes the following steps:

in an ideal case, the first phased array surface and the second phased array surface may be kept parallel, and then at this time, the calibration and measurement device may train the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using a preset relationship model, where the preset relationship model is a functional relationship model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position. Then, the calibration device can obtain the trained target amplitude coefficient and the trained target phase coefficient.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a manner how to obtain the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient when the first phased array and the second phased array are mutually flat is introduced, that is, a preset relationship model is adopted to train the obtained amplitude coefficient and phase coefficient. By the mode, the artificial neural network model is used for establishing the functional relation model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position, and the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are corrected by adopting the artificial intelligent learning algorithm on the basis of the measured data, so that the corresponding target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient are obtained, and the correction precision of each first RF channel is improved.

In a possible design, in a seventh implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, in more cases, the first phased array wavefront and the second phased array wavefront are not parallel, at this time, the calibration device calibrates the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, and this step may specifically include:

firstly, the calibration device acquires an included angle between the array surface of the first phased array and the array surface of the second phased array, and determines how to calibrate the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient according to the size of the included angle.

If the included angle is a small-angle included angle, the calibration device may calculate a target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and may calculate a target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, where the first amplitude correction coefficient represents amplitude correction coefficients in different preset directions (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis), and the first phase correction coefficient represents phase correction coefficients in different preset directions (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis). On the contrary, if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, calculating a target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating a target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient coupled between the first RF channel and the corresponding second RF channel, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient coupled between the first RF channel and the corresponding second RF channel.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a method for obtaining a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient when a first phased array and a second phased array are not parallel to each other is described, that is, an included angle between a wavefront of the first phased array and a wavefront of the second phased array is obtained first, and a corresponding correction method is selected according to a type of the included angle. Through the mode, on the basis of the measured data, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are corrected by using the amplitude correction coefficient and the phase correction coefficient, so that the corresponding target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient are obtained, and the correction precision of each first RF channel is improved.

In a possible design, in an eighth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient, the calibration apparatus may further perform the following steps:

the calibration device may also determine a beam pattern of the first phased array based on the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

The beam is a shape formed on the earth surface by electromagnetic waves emitted from a satellite antenna. There are mainly global beams, spot beams and shaped beams. They are shaped by the transmitting antenna. The beam pattern may include a horizontal beam width and a vertical beam width.

The beam width can be an included angle between two half-power points of the beam and is related to the antenna gain, and generally, the larger the antenna gain is, the narrower the beam is, and the higher the detection angle resolution is. The horizontal beam width is an included angle between two directions in which the radiation power is reduced by 3 decibels on two sides of the maximum radiation direction in the horizontal direction. The vertical beam width is an included angle between two directions in which the radiation power is reduced by 3dB on two sides of the maximum radiation direction in the vertical direction.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after all RF channels of the first phased array are corrected, not only can the back-end processing device of the second phased array be used to perform online monitoring on the performance index parameters of the first phased array, but also the target phase coefficient and the target amplitude coefficient can be used to determine the beam pattern corresponding to the first phased array, thereby realizing prediction of the beam pattern of the phased array to be measured, and improving the practicability of the scheme.

In a possible design, in a ninth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, before receiving, through the second RF channel, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel, the detecting apparatus may further perform the following steps:

when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is maximum, the calibration device determines the corresponding position between the first phased array and the second phased array. Specifically, the test instrument first performs a peak search in the x-axis and y-axis dimensions, which are the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. And obtaining transmission amplitude values corresponding to different coordinate positions of the second phased array through peak value search, wherein the coordinate positions are positions on an x axis and a y axis. One possible way is that when all the second RF channels transmit the maximum value of the amplitude value, the wavefront of the first phased array can be considered to be aligned with the wavefront of the second phased array, so that the subsequent phased array calibration can be continued.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after receiving the coupling signal transmitted through the first RF channel through the second RF channel, position adjustment needs to be performed on the first phased array and the second phased array, and when the position adjustment is performed to the optimal position, the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel should be the maximum. Through the method, the optimal points on the positions of the first phased array and the second phased array can be found in a physical position searching mode, and the calibration and the measurement are carried out according to the optimal points, so that a more accurate and efficient calibration and measurement effect is achieved.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a calibration apparatus, which may include a first phased array, a second phased array, and a test instrument, where the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, and may specifically be a phased array antenna to be detected. The second phased array is a mirror image correction test array. The first phased array comprises at least one first RF channel, the second phased array comprises at least one second RF channel, and the number of the second RF channels in the second phased array is larger than or equal to the number of the first RF channels, so that each first RF channel can correspond to each second RF channel, namely the first RF channels and the second RF channels are coupled in a face-to-face mode. The radiation front of the first phased array is spaced from the radiation front of the second phased array by a sub-wavelength distance, the sub-wavelength being on the order of nanometers, and thus being smaller than the wavelength.

The second phased array in the calibration apparatus may be configured to receive the coupled signal from the first phased array via the second RF channel in the second phased array and transmitted via the first RF channel.

The test instrument is used for determining an amplitude value and a phase value of the first RF channel according to the coupling signal, and then calculating an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and the phase value and standard metering data.

And if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet the preset error correction condition, namely if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, determining that the preset error condition is met, and at this time, correcting the amplitude coefficients and the phase coefficients corresponding to all the first RF channels by using the testing instrument to obtain corrected target amplitude coefficients and target phase coefficients.

The test instrument is used for testing the first phased array according to the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient, and obtaining various performance index parameters corresponding to the first phased array, such as equivalent omnidirectional radiation power, error vector amplitude and error rate.

In the embodiment of the application, through a good mirror image phased array of demarcation to the subwavelength is placed with the phased array face to face that awaits measuring, through the direct coupling mechanism of hugging closely between the array element antenna, carries out quick amplitude and phase correction to the whole RF channels of the phased array that awaits measuring, thereby promotes detection efficiency, reduces area, and reduce cost is low, can reduce phased array by a wide margin and rectify required time and promote the detection efficiency of phased array product.

In one possible design, in a first implementation of the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the first phased array includes a plurality of first RF channels, the second phased array includes a plurality of second RF channels, and the second phased array may further include a plurality of switches and a plurality of attenuators, wherein each switch is connected to each second RF channel, and each attenuator is connected to each second RF channel;

when the plurality of second RF channels are in the closed state, the switch is used for opening a target second RF channel in the plurality of second RF channels, wherein the target second RF channel is any one of the plurality of second RF channels;

the second RF channel is used for receiving the coupled signals transmitted by the target first RF channel through the target second RF channel until the coupled signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels are all received, wherein the target first RF channel is a first RF channel of one of the plurality of first RF channels, and the target second RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship;

each attenuator is used for carrying out signal attenuation processing on the coupling signal.

And after strictly and precisely correcting the second phased array, mounting the second phased array on a fixed assembly line detection platform to serve as standard correction and measurement equipment of the first phased array. First, all the second RF channels in the second phased array, which are directly coupled to the first RF channel, are set to be in an off state by a switch matrix (a matrix including a plurality of switches), wherein each second RF channel of the second phased array is on-off controlled by the switch matrix, the switch matrix includes a plurality of switches, one switch is connected to one second RF channel, and an attenuator is provided at each switch, and the attenuator can prevent excessive power.

Next, the second RF channels may be turned on one by one in a certain order, for example, assuming that there are now 9 first RF channels in the first phased array and the second phased array also has 9 second RF channels, and the 9 second RF channels are numbered 1 to 9 in sequence. Initially, the 9 second RF channels are all in the off state, and then the second RF channel # 1 is turned on first, then the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 1 corresponding to the second RF channel # 1 is received through the second RF channel # 1, then the second RF channel # 1 is turned off, then the second RF channel # 2 is turned on, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 2 corresponding to the second RF channel # 2 is received through the second RF channel # 2, and so on until the coupled signals from the 9 first RF channels are all received.

In this embodiment, all the second RF channels corresponding to the first RF channels are first closed, then each of the second RF channels is sequentially opened, and finally the coupling signal transmitted by each of the first RF channels is received through each of the second RF channels. Through the mode, the phased array that can treat the detection one by one carries out the correction and the measurement of amplitude and phase, can all proofread every first RF passageway promptly, proofreads and determine a plurality of RF passageways relatively simultaneously, and this application is favorable to promoting the accuracy of proofreading.

In one possible design, in a second implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the switch and the second RF channel may receive the coupled signal transmitted by each of the first RF channels by;

1) the switch is specifically configured to turn on an nth second RF channel of the plurality of second RF channels when the plurality of second RF channels are in an off state, where n is a positive integer;

2) the second RF channel is specifically configured to receive, through an nth second RF channel, the coupled signal transmitted through an nth first RF channel, where the nth second RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship with the nth first RF channel;

3) the switch is specifically used for closing the nth second RF channel;

the switch and the second RF channel are used for respectively executing the operations from the step 1) to the step 3) on a plurality of second RF channels which have mirror symmetry relation with the plurality of first RF channels until the coupling signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels are received by the plurality of second RF channels.

In a possible design, in a third implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the test apparatus may include a vector network analyzer, the vector network analyzer is mainly configured to obtain an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal, and then calculate an amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and a preset amplitude value, and meanwhile, the vector network analyzer is also configured to calculate a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the phase value and a preset phase value.

First, the vector network analyzer may detect an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the acquired coupling signal. It is understood that, in general, the amplitude value and the phase value are for each first RF channel, but in practical applications, the amplitude value and the phase value may also be for a plurality of first RF channels, and we take the amplitude value and the phase value of one first RF channel as an example to describe, however, this should not constitute a limitation to the present solution.

In one possible design, in a fourth implementation form of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the test instrument includes a test control device;

the test control device is used for judging whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range or not and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range or not, and if the two conditions are met, the test control device can determine that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions.

Taking a 9-element antenna as an example, assuming that the preset amplitude error range is greater than or equal to 10 db, the preset phase error range is greater than or equal to 5 degrees, and the amplitude deviation values of the 9 first RF channels are respectively 12 db, 5 db, 11 db, 10 db, 5 db, 3db, 7 db, 4 db and 19 db, after comparison, the maximum amplitude deviation value is found to be 19 db, which is greater than 10 db, so that the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is determined to be within the preset amplitude error range. The phase deviation values of the 9 first RF channels are 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 8 degrees, 1 degree, 3 degrees, 7 degrees, 10 degrees and 6 degrees, respectively, and after comparison, the maximum phase deviation value is found to be 10 degrees, which is already greater than 5 degrees, so that it is determined that the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range. At this time, it is described that the preset error correction condition is currently satisfied.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value, further determine whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range, and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, if yes, it is determined that the preset error correction condition is satisfied, then subsequent RF channel amplitude and phase correction can be performed, otherwise, if the preset error correction condition is not satisfied, it is considered that the RF channel has a channel fault, and then subsequent channel amplitude and phase correction is not performed, the first phased array is directly detached from the second phased array by the manipulator, and maintenance is sent back, so as to help to find out as early as possible whether the phased array to be detected has a fault, thereby improving the practicability of the scheme.

In a possible design, in a fifth implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the test instrument is further configured to obtain a first position vector of the first RF channel in space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in space, determine an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient according to the first position vector and the second position vector, and finally calculate the coupling coefficient according to the near-zone electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near-zone electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, after determining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel, the first position vector and the second position vector may be further obtained, and then the coupling coefficient is calculated according to a series of parameters. Through the method, a more accurate coupling coefficient can be obtained and used for subsequent RF channel calibration, so that the feasibility of the scheme is improved.

In a possible design, in a sixth implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, in an ideal case, the first phased array surface and the second phased array surface may be kept parallel, and the test instrument is specifically configured to train the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using a preset relationship model, and then obtain a trained target amplitude coefficient and a trained target phase coefficient, where the preset relationship model is a functional relationship model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position.

In a possible design, in a seventh implementation form of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, in more cases, the first phased array wavefront and the second phased array wavefront are not parallel, and then at this time, the testing apparatus is specifically configured to obtain an angle between the wavefront of the first phased array and the wavefront of the second phased array.

If the included angle belongs to a small-angle included angle, the test instrument can calculate a target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and can calculate a target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the first amplitude correction coefficient represents amplitude correction coefficients in different preset directions (such as an x axis, a y axis and a z axis), and the first phase correction coefficient represents phase correction coefficients in different preset directions (such as an x axis, a y axis and a z axis). On the contrary, if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, the test instrument calculates a target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculates a target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient coupled between the first RF channel and the corresponding second RF channel, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient coupled between the first RF channel and the corresponding second RF channel.

In a possible design, in an eighth implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient, the calibration apparatus may further perform the following steps:

In one possible design, in a ninth implementation form of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the test instrument is further configured to determine a corresponding position between the first phased array and the second phased array when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is maximum.

Specifically, the test instrument first performs a peak search in the x-axis and y-axis dimensions, which are the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. And obtaining transmission amplitude values corresponding to different coordinate positions of the second phased array through peak value search, wherein the coordinate positions are positions on an x axis and a y axis. One possible way is that when all the second RF channels transmit the maximum value of the amplitude value, the wavefront of the first phased array can be considered to be aligned with the wavefront of the second phased array, so that the subsequent phased array calibration can be continued.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a communication interface; the memory is used for storing computer execution instructions, the processor is connected with the memory through the bus, and when the server runs, the processor executes the computer execution instructions stored by the memory so as to enable the server to execute the method according to any one of the aspects.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions for the method described above, which when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the above aspects.

In addition, the technical effects brought by any design manner of the fifth aspect of the third aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought by different design manners of the first aspect, and are not described herein again.

According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:

in the embodiment of the application, a method for calibrating a phased array is provided, which is mainly applied to a calibration device, the calibration device comprises a first phased array and a second phased array, the first phased array comprises a first radio frequency RF channel, the second phased array comprises a second RF channel, the first RF channel and the second RF channel have a corresponding relationship, and a sub-wavelength distance is spaced between a radiation front of the second phased array and a radiation front of the first phased array. The method comprises the steps that a calibration and measurement device receives a coupling signal sent through a first RF channel through a second RF channel, then an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel are determined according to the coupling signal, if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions, the calibration and measurement device needs to correct an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, and finally the calibration and measurement device can measure performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient. Through the mode, the calibrated mirror image phased array is placed opposite to the phase array surface to be detected in the subwavelength range, all RF channels of the phased array to be detected are subjected to rapid amplitude and phase correction through a direct-coupling mechanism of clinging between the array element antennas, so that the detection efficiency is improved, the occupied area is reduced, the cost is reduced, the required time for correcting the phased array can be greatly shortened, and the detection efficiency of phased array products is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for phased array calibration in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second phased array in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wavefront of a first phased array and a second phased array in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which a first phased array front is parallel to a second phased array front;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the first phased array front is not parallel to the second phased array front;

FIG. 7 is a functional diagram of a calibration apparatus in an application scenario of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for phased array calibration in an application scenario of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another structure of the calibration device in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another structure of the calibration device in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another structure of the calibration device in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of another structure of the calibration device in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a calibration device in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a calibration device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the calibration device in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the drawings described above, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It should be understood that the present application can be applied to the scenario of fast calibration of phased array antenna products, which is the most important antenna form in the present satellite mobile communication system, and is composed of three parts: the system comprises an antenna array, a feed network and a beam controller. The basic principle is that after the microprocessor receives control information containing communication direction, the phase shift amount of each phase shifter is calculated according to the algorithm provided by control software, and then the feed network is controlled by the antenna controller to complete the phase shift process. The phase shift can compensate the time difference generated when the same signal reaches different array elements, so that the in-phase superposition of the output of the antenna array reaches the maximum. Once the signal direction is changed, the maximum direction of the antenna array beam can be correspondingly changed by adjusting the phase shift amount of the phase shifter, so that beam scanning and tracking are realized. The phased array antenna has a phased scanning line antenna array and a planar phased array antenna.

The phased array is widely applied to the fields of fast tracking radar, phase measurement and the like, and can enable the main lobe direction to be continuously adjusted along with the communication requirement. An antenna in which a pattern shape is changed by controlling a feeding phase of a radiation element in an array antenna. The control phase can change the direction of the maximum value of the antenna directional pattern so as to achieve the purpose of wave speed scanning. In special cases, the side lobe levels, the minimum location and the shape of the overall pattern can also be controlled. When the antenna is rotated by a mechanical method, the inertia is large, the speed is low, the phased array antenna overcomes the defect, and the wave speed scanning is high. The feeding phase is controlled by an electronic computer (namely, master control equipment), and the phase change speed is high, namely the maximum directivity of an antenna pattern or other parameters change rapidly. This is the biggest feature of phased array antennas.

For convenience of introduction, please refer to fig. 1, where fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an alignment apparatus in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in the drawing, the present application provides an alignment apparatus based on sub-wavelength interval mirror direct coupling, and as the name suggests, the alignment apparatus does not use any one of a feed line coupling mechanism, a near field scanning mechanism and a far field rotation vector method to perform amplitude and phase alignment of a phased array channel, but uses a calibrated mirror phased array, and is placed opposite to a phased array to be measured in a sub-wavelength long distance, and through a close-fit direct coupling mechanism between array element antennas, fast amplitude and phase alignment of all channels of the phased array to be measured is achieved.

The structure and function of the mirror image correction test array in fig. 1 are the same as those of the phased array to be tested, so that each Radio Frequency (RF) channel is subjected to amplitude-phase correction one by one, and each RF channel is controlled by the switch matrix. If the switches of all the RF channels of the mirror image correction test array are all connected to the receiving channel at the same time, the synchronous amplitude and phase correction of all the RF channels can be completed within a few seconds. In the calibration process, a mechanical arm can be used for carrying out accurate spatial butt joint, assembly and disassembly on the phased array to be tested and the mirror image calibration test array through a precise positioning hole device which is designed in advance in a standard mode. In addition, the beam controller in fig. 1 is used to control the beam pointing and beam shape of the phased array under test, while the mirror array controller is used to control the beam pointing and beam shape of the mirror correction test array.

The method is divided from the angle of a near-far field, and a super-near-field phased array correction method is adopted. From the view of working mechanism, the method adopts the mechanism of electromagnetic resonance coupling, namely, the method utilizes the information of direct coupling resonance signals between the face-to-face clinging array elements, rather than measuring the information of the space electromagnetic field of a near field, a middle field or a far field through an electromagnetic probe, to carry out the amplitude-phase correction of the channel. Near field scanning does not need to be done to this application, also need not accurate electromagnetic probe and the high-cost electromagnetism darkroom environment, therefore correction rate is fast, and detection efficiency is high, and area is little, and is with low costs, can realize the online school of phased array product in batches and survey, can greatly reduce phased array and rectify the required time and promote the detection efficiency of phased array product, is particularly useful for the school of big phased array product in batches and surveys.

It is understood that in the present application, each RF channel and the active devices in the RF channels can be matched according to the test scenario.

In the test scenario, the matching manner of each RF channel is that, assuming that the phased array to be tested is a 9-element antenna (i.e. includes 9 RF channels), 9 RF channels in the mirror image correction test array need to be matched with 9 RF channels of the phased array to be tested for testing.

The matching mode of the active devices in each RF channel in the test scenario is that, if the phased array to be tested is in the signal transmission scenario, the output power can be controlled by adjusting the active devices in the phased array to be tested, and the output power can be greater than or equal to 0 dbm. If the image correction test array is in a signal receiving scene, the input power can be controlled by adjusting the active devices in the image correction test array, and the input power can be greater than or equal to-130 dbm and less than or equal to 0 dbm.

It should be noted that the active devices include, but are not limited to, a power amplifier, an integrated voltage regulator, a comparator, and a waveform generator, and are not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of a method for phased array calibration in an embodiment of the present application includes:

101. the calibration device receives the coupling signal sent by the first RF channel through a second RF channel, and comprises a first phased array and a second phased array, wherein the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array comprises a first RF channel, the second phased array comprises a second RF channel, the topological structure of the first RF channel and the topological structure of the second RF channel have a mirror symmetry relationship, and a sub-wavelength distance is arranged between the radiation array surface of the second phased array and the radiation array surface of the first phased array;

in this embodiment, a calibration and measurement device including a first phased array and a second phased array is adopted, where the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, and may specifically be a phased array antenna to be detected. The second phased array is a mirror image correction test array. The first phased array comprises at least one first RF channel, the second phased array comprises at least one second RF channel, and the number of the second RF channels in the second phased array is larger than or equal to the number of the first RF channels, so that each first RF channel can correspond to each second RF channel, namely the first RF channels and the second RF channels are coupled in a face-to-face mode. The radiation fronts of the first phased array are spaced from the radiation fronts of the second phased array by a sub-wavelength distance, typically on the order of microns in wavelength, and on the order of nanometers in sub-wavelength, so that the sub-wavelength is smaller than the wavelength. The topology of the first RF channel corresponds to the topology of the second RF channel, and the topology here refers to the structure on the hardware, such as the distance between the first RF channel and the second RF channel, and the number of the first RF channel and the second RF channel. However, the topology does not include the spacing and number of active devices, e.g., attenuators may be disposed on the second RF path and attenuators may not be disposed on the first RF path. As another example, an amplifier may be disposed on the first RF channel, while no amplifier need be disposed on the second RF channel.

Specifically, a second phased array with the same number as or more than the number of the channel units of the first phased array is constructed in advance, please refer to fig. 3, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second phased array in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, it is assumed that the second phased array includes a 9-element antenna array, the 9-element antenna array is connected with a power divider, one path of input signal energy is divided into multiple paths of signals with equal or unequal outputs by the power divider, and in addition, multiple paths of signal energy can also be combined into one path of output. A certain degree of isolation should be ensured between the output ports of one power divider.

And after strictly and precisely correcting the second phased array, mounting the second phased array on a fixed assembly line detection platform to serve as standard correction and measurement equipment of the first phased array. Each second RF channel of the second phased array is on-off controlled by a switch matrix.

More specifically, for each detection of a coupled signal transmitted by a first RF channel, the following steps may be further employed:

in the first step, when all the second RF channels which are mirror-symmetrical to the first RF channel are in the closed state, the nth second RF channel in the second RF channels is opened, wherein n is a positive integer and is not larger than the total number of the first RF channels. In the second step, the calibration apparatus receives the coupled signal transmitted from the nth first RF channel through the nth second RF channel, which has a mirror-symmetric relationship with the nth first RF channel. After the reception of the coupled signal is completed, the second RF channel is closed in a third step.

For example, there are 9 first RF channels in the first phased array and 20 second RF channels in the second phased array, and the 20 second RF channels are numbered sequentially from 1 to 20 in order, whereas the second RF channels having a mirror-symmetric relationship with the first RF channels are numbered sequentially from 1 to 9. Initially, the 9 second RF channels are all in the closed state, and then the second RF channel # 1 is opened first, then the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 1 corresponding to the second RF channel # 1 is received through the second RF channel # 1, then the second RF channel # 1 is closed, then the second RF channel # 2 is opened, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel # 2 corresponding to the second RF channel # 2 is received through the second RF channel # 2, and so on, until the coupled signals from the 9 first RF channels are all received.

It will be appreciated that in practical applications the second RF channel may receive the coupled signals out of a fixed order.

102. The calibration device determines an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

in this embodiment, the calibration apparatus first determines the amplitude value and the phase value corresponding to each first RF channel according to the coupling signal transmitted from the first phased array. And then calculating an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to each first RF channel according to the standard metering data.

Specifically, the antenna housing array surface of the second phased array is used as a phase reference surface, the standard measurement data corresponding to each second RF channel of the second phased array is used as a measurement standard, and a multi-RF channel vector network analyzer is adopted to perform channel amplitude-phase measurement on the first phased array. Let us note the standard metrology data corresponding to the first RF channel, where i represents the ith first RF channel, N represents the number of first RF channels, represents the preset amplitude value of the ith first RF channel, and represents the preset phase value of the ith first RF channel. And under the mode that the RF channels are corrected one by one, the switch matrix realizes on-off switching of the switch of each second RF channel in the second phased array according to the serial number sequence of the second RF channels, so that amplitude and phase measurement and correction are performed on each first RF channel of the first phased array one by one.

In the full-channel synchronous correction mode, the switches of all the second RF channels in the second phase control array are placed in the channel receiving state by the switch matrix, then the signals coupled by all the first RF channels are synchronously measured and recorded, and the coupled signals are marked as a_i,φ_iI is 1,2, L, N, where i denotes the ith first RF channel and N denotes the number of first RF channels，a_iRepresents the amplitude value of the ith first RF channel, phi_iRepresenting the phase value of the ith first RF channel. By comparing with the standard metrology data, the amplitude offset value and the phase offset value of each first RF channel can be calculated.

For example, the amplitude deviation value of the ith first RF channel may be calculated using the following formula:

the phase deviation value of the ith first RF channel may be calculated using the following equation:

wherein, Δ a_iRepresents the amplitude offset value for the ith first RF channel and delta phi represents the phase offset value for the ith first RF channel.

It will be appreciated that if the kth first RF channel couples the signal with amplitude value a_kAnd the comparison result is far larger or smaller than the comparison unit measurement data, namely, the k-th first RF channel in the first phased array is judged to be abnormal or has channel faults, so that the subsequent channel amplitude-phase correction is not carried out. Similarly, if the kth first RF channel couples the phase value of the signal φ_kAnd the measurement data is far larger or smaller than the comparison unit measurement data, namely, the k-th first RF channel in the first phased array is judged to be abnormal or have channel faults, and the subsequent channel amplitude and phase correction is also not carried out. k is any one integer of 1 to N.

103. If the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet the preset error correction condition, the correction and measurement device corrects an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient;

in this embodiment, after obtaining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value, it is necessary to determine whether an absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range, and whether an absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range, and if both of the two conditions are satisfied, it is determined that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value satisfy a preset error correction condition, that is, an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel need to be corrected until the corrected amplitude deviation value and the corrected phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition, and a corrected target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient are obtained. On the contrary, if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is not within the preset amplitude error range or the absolute value of the phase deviation value is not within the preset phase error range, it means that the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient do not need to be corrected.

Specifically, a magnitude-phase threshold value, i.e., a magnitude threshold value a, may be set in advance_thAnd a phase threshold phi_thThen according to a_thAnd phi_thAmplitude deviation value delta a for each first RF channel_iAnd phase deviation value delta phi_iAnd (6) judging. When the preset error correction condition is met, namely, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel need to be corrected at the time, until the maximum amplitude deviation value of each first RF channel on the second phased array reference surface is smaller than a preset amplitude threshold value a_thAnd the maximum phase deviation value is less than a preset phase threshold value phi_th。

When the preset error correction condition is not met, namely and/or at the time, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel do not need to be corrected any more.

It will be appreciated that the amplitude threshold a may be set according to the actual situation_thAnd a phase threshold phi_thFor a normal phased array, the amplitude threshold a_thCan be set below-10 decibels (dB) and the phase threshold phi_thCan be set below 10 deg. For high precision phased arrays, the amplitude threshold a_thCan be set below-20 dB and the phase threshold phi_thCan be set below 1 deg.. However, in practical application, the amplitude threshold a can also be set according to requirements_thAnd a phase threshold phi_thThe description is given here by way of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the application.

104. The calibration and measurement device measures the performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

In this embodiment, after the calibration device corrects the amplitude coefficients and the phase coefficients corresponding to all the first RF channels, the target amplitude coefficients and the target phase coefficients corresponding to each first RF channel can be obtained.

Specifically, after all the first RF channels of the first phased array are corrected, the back-end processing device of the second phased array may be utilized to perform online monitoring on performance index parameters of the first phased array, where the performance index parameters include, but are not limited to, equivalent isotropic radiated power (ERIP), Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), and Bit Error Rate (BER).

The calibration device may also determine a beam pattern of the first phased array based on the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient. The beam pattern of the first phased array may be calculated using the following formula, i.e., the first phased array synthesized beam pattern may be predicted:

wherein the first phased array synthetic beam pattern is represented, the element pattern in the first phased array is represented, a_iA target amplitude coefficient, phi, representing the corresponding coupled signal of the corrected ith first RF channel in the first phased array_iRepresenting the target phase coefficient of the corrected corresponding coupling signal of the ith first RF channel in the first phased array, k representing the wave vector of the free space, r_iA position vector representing the ith first RF channel in the first phased array.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, after determining the amplitude offset value and the phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal in the first optional embodiment of the method for phased array calibration provided in the embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:

acquiring a first position vector of the first RF channel in the space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space;

determining an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient according to the first position vector and the second position vector;

and calculating the coupling coefficient according to the near-zone electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near-zone electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient.

In this embodiment, how to calculate the coupling coefficient will be described, first, the calibration apparatus obtains a first position vector of the first RF channel in the space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space, and then calculates an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient by using the first position vector and the second position vector, where the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are parameters to be calibrated. And finally, the calibration device calculates a coupling coefficient according to the near-zone electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near-zone electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient.

In particular, if all of the first RF-channel coupled signals of the first phased array do not deviate abnormally from the standard metrology data, corrections for amplitude coefficients and phase coefficients may be made for each first RF-channel in the first phased array. It can be understood that, before the correction, it is also necessary to determine the amplitude deviation value corresponding to the amplitude coefficient, and the phase deviation value corresponding to the phase coefficient satisfies the preset error correction condition.

An amplitude offset value and a phase offset value (i.e., Δ a) based on the respective first RF channels_i,Δφ_iAnd i is 1,2, L, N), correcting each first RF channel of the first phased array by using a channel-through coupling compensation calculation formula, monte carlo probability statistics estimation, and an iterative least square algorithm. At sub-wavelength spacings, the coupling coefficient can be calculated using the following formula:

wherein, C_iiThe coupling coefficient is represented, the near-zone electric field generated by the ith first RF channel in the first phased array is represented, the near-zone electric field generated by the ith second RF channel in the second phased array is represented, the first position vector of the ith first RF channel in the first phased array in the space is represented, the second position vector of the ith second RF channel in the second phased array in the space is represented, the amplitude coefficient between the ith first RF channel and the ith second RF channel is represented, and the phase coefficient between the ith first RF channel and the ith second RF channel is represented.

In practical applications, the wavefront of the first phased array and the wavefront of the second phased array may not be completely parallel, please refer to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the wavefronts of the first phased array and the second phased array in the embodiment of the present application, and an included angle may exist between the wavefront of the first phased array and the wavefront of the second phased array. How to calculate the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient will be described below with respect to the case where the included angle is large or small and the wavefront is parallel.

In case one, the first phased array surface and the second phased array surface are parallel;

referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the first phased array front is parallel to the second phased array front, and as shown in the figure, in an ideal case, when the first phased array front and the second phased array front are perfectly parallel, without axial deviation, and the cell centers are aligned, and the distances between all the through-coupled RF channels are equal. Under the condition that the array surface is strictly parallel, a back-transmission three-layer artificial neural network model is applied, namely, x-direction and coupling coefficients are establishedC_iiRelation model, y-direction and coupling coefficient C_iiRelation model and xy-direction parallel offset position (Deltax, Deltay) and coupling coefficient C_iiAnd a relation model, wherein the three relation models can be collectively called as a preset relation model.

And then, on the basis of the measured data, correcting the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using an artificial intelligence learning algorithm and a Monte Carlo probability prediction method so as to improve the correction precision of the unit channel and obtain a corrected target amplitude coefficient and a corrected target phase coefficient.

In case two, the first phased array surface and the second phased array surface are not parallel;

referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which a first phased array front and a second phased array front are not parallel to each other in the embodiment of the present application, and due to factors such as an actual processing error, an assembly error of each array element antenna, a spatial docking positioning error, and a device deformation error caused by a structural stress, the first RF channel of the first phased array is not regularly arranged, and the first phased array front is not exactly parallel to the second phased array front. Firstly, the main shafts of the first phased array and the second phased array are not parallel in space to form a certain included angle.

It is understood that the small angle may be 10 degrees, 15 degrees or 20 degrees, and the large angle may be 45 degrees, 50 degrees or 60 degrees, and in practical applications, the small angle and the large angle may be defined according to the circumstances, and are not limited herein.

For the condition that the first phased array front and the second phased array front are not parallel, namely the condition that the first phased array front and the second phased array front are deviated from the main shaft, the included angle between the first phased array front and the second phased array front needs to be obtained, and the coupling coefficients with small deviation (including direct coupling and mutual coupling between RF channels) and large deviation (including direct coupling and mutual coupling between RF channels) are corrected respectively by using a coordinate rotation transformation method and a near-field coupling matrix analysis method.

If the included angle belongs to a small-angle included angle, calculating a target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and an amplitude coefficient, and calculating a target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and a phase coefficient, wherein the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions. Under the small-angle main shaft deviation, the corrected amplitude coefficient and phase coefficient are respectively as follows:

wherein, represents the target amplitude coefficient, Δ η_xDenotes a first amplitude correction factor, Δ η, in the x-axis direction_yDenotes a first amplitude correction factor, Δ η, in the y-axis direction_zThe first amplitude correction coefficient indicating the main axis z direction represents an amplitude coefficient, and the first amplitude correction coefficient is a preset parameter.

The phase correction coefficient is a target phase coefficient, a first phase correction coefficient in the x-axis direction, a first phase correction coefficient in the y-axis direction, a first phase correction coefficient in the z-axis direction of the main axis, and a phase coefficient.

And if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, calculating a target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating a target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents the amplitude correction coefficient of coupling between the RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents the phase correction coefficient of coupling between the RF channels. Under the large-angle main shaft deviation, the corrected amplitude coefficient and phase coefficient are respectively as follows:

wherein, represents the target phase coefficient, Δ η_xDenotes a first amplitude correction factor, Δ η, in the x-axis direction_yDenotes a first amplitude correction factor, Δ η, in the y-axis direction_zRepresenting a first amplitude correction factor, gamma, in the z-direction of the principal axis_ilAnd the second amplitude correction coefficient of the ith first RF channel and the ith second RF channel caused by adjacent coupling is represented, and the second amplitude correction coefficient represents the amplitude coefficient.

Wherein, the target amplitude coefficient is represented, the first phase correction coefficient in the direction of the x axis is represented, the first phase correction coefficient in the direction of the y axis is represented, the first phase correction coefficient in the direction of the main axis z is represented, and delta phi_ilRepresenting the ith first RF channel and the ith second RF channelThe second phase correction factor, due to proximity coupling, represents the phase factor.

Finally, the actually measured deviation errors of the array surface on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis are substituted into the coupling coefficient calculation formula to calculate the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient of the coupling coefficient, and the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value (delta a) of each first RF channel are combined_i,Δφ_iI-1, 2, L, N), calculating the actual amplitude and phase error data for each first RF channel and feeding it back to the first phased array, and performing parameter correction settings for the first RF channel using the adjustable attenuators and phase shifters of the first phased array.

Secondly, in the embodiment of the application, a standard multi-channel switch-controlled second phased array is constructed, the face-to-face direct coupling technology is adopted, the information of each path of first RF channel of the first phased array is successively collected, and amplitude-phase correction, channel fault failure detection and performance index parameter measurement of the first RF channel of the first phased array are realized at a sub-wavelength interval. Through the mode, phased array antenna can be proofreaded high-efficiently, and stability number, and it is convenient to maintain, is applicable to the product ian flowing water detection of batch to promote the practicality and the maneuverability of scheme.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, before receiving the coupling signal transmitted through the first RF channel through the second RF channel in the second optional embodiment of the method for phased array calibration provided in the embodiment of the present application, the method may further include:

when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is maximum, the corresponding position between the first phased array and the second phased array is determined.

In this embodiment, before the calibration apparatus receives the coupling signal transmitted through the first RF channel through the second RF channel, the first phased array and the second phased array need to be aligned.

Specifically, peak search is first performed by the calibration apparatus in the dimensions of the x-axis and the y-axis, which are the horizontal axis and the vertical axis, respectively. And obtaining transmission amplitude values corresponding to different coordinate positions of the second phased array through peak value search, wherein the coordinate positions are positions on an x axis and a y axis. One possible way is that when the Root Mean Square (RMS) of all the second RF channel transmission amplitude values is at a maximum, the wavefront of the first phased array can be considered to be aligned with the wavefront of the second phased array, so that subsequent phased array calibration can proceed.

Secondly, in the embodiment of the present application, after receiving the coupling signal transmitted through the first RF channel through the second RF channel, position adjustment needs to be performed on the first phased array and the second phased array, and when the position is adjusted to the optimal position, the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel should be the maximum. Through the method, the optimal points on the positions of the first phased array and the second phased array can be found in a physical position searching mode, and the calibration and the measurement are carried out according to the optimal points, so that a more accurate and efficient calibration and measurement effect is achieved.

For convenience of understanding, a detailed description is given below of a method for phased array calibration in an embodiment of the present application with reference to fig. 7, where fig. 7 is a functional schematic diagram of a calibration apparatus in an application scenario of the present application, and as shown in the figure, a positioning hole of a phased array to be tested (a first phased array) is aligned to a positioning mark of a mirror image calibration test array (a second phased array) by a robot arm, and spatial assembly of the phased array to be tested is performed. In order to ensure the efficiency of direct coupling between RF channels, the interval between the radome of the phased array to be tested and the radome of the mirror image correction test array is d₀，d₀Fixed by the dowel arrangement at a sub-wavelength level, i.e., less than the central operating wavelength of 1/5.

Then, at this time, the interval between the phased array to be tested and the mirror image correction test array is d, and the distance between the phased array to be tested and the phased array radome to be tested is d₁The interval between the antenna housing of the phased array to be tested and the antenna housing of the mirror image correction test array is d₀The distance from the mirror image correction test array to the mirror image correction test array antenna housing is d₂When d is equal to d₁+d₀+d₂。

Taking a 9-element phased array to be tested as an example, the same 9-element antenna mirror image is adopted to correct the test array, and the test array is placed at a distance d from the phased array to be tested₀The thickness of the radome 1 is 1/20 at the wavelength positiond₁The radome 1 is covered over the phased array to be tested at 1/15 wavelengths. The thickness of the radome 2 is d₂The radome 2 was mounted over the mirror image calibration test array at 1/15 wavelengths. The 9-element antenna of the mirror image correction test array is respectively connected with 9 same single-pole single-throw switches and then connected with the power divider.

And a second phase control array which is standard and controlled by a multi-channel switch adopts a face-to-face direct coupling technology to realize channel amplitude-phase correction, channel fault failure detection and performance index parameter measurement and calculation of the first phase control array at a sub-wavelength interval.

In the following, how to correct the offset of the first phased array front and the second phased array front will be described with a specific application scenario, please continue to refer to fig. 7, first, a coupling coefficient without offset is calculated, which is denoted as r₁Then keeping the y direction of the first phased array unchanged and deviating from the x direction in the x direction₁＝2mm，x₂＝3mm，x₃Calculating the coupling coefficient of 4mm to obtain rx₁，rx₂，rx₃. Similarly, the first phased array is held constant in the x-direction and offset in the y-direction by y₁＝2mm，y₂＝3mm，y₃Calculating coupling coefficient to obtain ry of 4mm₁，ry₂，ry₃. Finally, for x₁＝2mm，x₂＝3mm，x₃＝4mm、y₁＝2mm， y₂＝3mm，y₃Calculating the coupling coefficient as 4mm deviation to obtain r₁₁，r₁₂，r₁₃，r₂₁，r₂₂，r₂₃，ry₃₁，ry₃₂，ry₃₃And respectively establishing a relation model of the position deviation x and y and the coupling coefficient r by adopting measured data and utilizing an artificial intelligence learning algorithm, and improving the calculation precision of the coupling coefficient.

Finally, the actually measured deviation errors of the array surface on the x axis, the y axis and the z axis are substituted into the coupling coefficient calculation formula to calculate the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient of the coupling coefficient, and the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value (delta a) of each first RF channel are combined_i,Δφ_iI 1,2, L, N), the actual sum of the amplitudes of each first RF channel is calculatedThe phase error data is fed back to the first phased array, and parameter correction settings for the first RF channel are made using the adjustable attenuators and phase shifters of the first phased array.

Referring to fig. 8 with reference to the content shown in fig. 7, fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for phased array calibration in the application scenario of the present application, as shown in fig. 201, first, calibration and test phased array erection needs to be prepared, that is, a test environment is constructed, which includes a mirror calibration test array (second phased array) having the same number of channel units as or more than that of a phased array to be tested (first phased array). And calibrating the mirror image correction test array by using national standard metering equipment, and installing the mirror image correction test array on a production line detection platform.

In step 202, amplitude data and phase data of the RF channel of the phased array to be tested are collected, specifically, when performing the pipeline test, the robot arm performs locating hole installation on the phased array to be tested, and then collects the amplitude data and the phase data of the RF channel of the phased array to be tested at the sub-wavelength interval by using the face-to-face direct coupling technology.

In step 203, the amplitude data and phase data of the phased array RF channel under test are corrected.

In step 204, after the phased array to be measured is corrected, performance index parameters of the phased array to be measured may be further measured, where the performance index parameters include a transmission performance index, a reception performance index, and the like.

In step 205, the collected test data is judged and analyzed, if the amplitude data and the phase data are abnormal (all amplitude data and phase data or part of the amplitude data and the phase data exceed a threshold value), the step is returned to step 202, otherwise, if the amplitude data and the phase data are normal, the step 206 is executed.

In step 206, the test result is output, so as to complete the test, and at this time, the manipulator may be used to detach the tested phased array, and then the next phased array to be tested is calibrated, that is, steps 201 to 205 are continuously repeated.

Referring to fig. 9, the calibration apparatus 30 in this embodiment of the present application includes a first phased array 301, a second phased array 302, and a testing device 303, where the first phased array 301 is a phased array to be tested, the first phased array 301 includes a first RF channel 3011, the second phased array 302 includes a second RF channel 3021, a topology of the first RF channel 3011 has a mirror symmetry relationship with a topology of the second RF channel 3021, and a radiation front of the second phased array 302 is spaced from a radiation front of the first phased array 301 by a subwavelength distance, and the calibration apparatus 30 includes:

the second phased array 302 is configured to receive, via the second RF channel 3021, a coupled signal transmitted by the first phased array 301 via the first RF channel 3011;

the test instrument 303 is configured to determine an amplitude offset value and a phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 according to the coupling signal;

if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition, the test instrument 303 is configured to correct an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient;

the test instrument 303 is configured to measure a performance index parameter of the first phased array 3011 using the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

In this embodiment, first, the positioning holes of the first phased array 301 may be aligned with the positioning marks of the second phased array 302 by a robot arm, so as to perform spatial assembly of the first phased array 301. It should be noted that the alignment mode may be laser alignment or pinned positioning, and may also be other alignment modes, which are not limited herein.

To ensure the efficiency of the through coupling between the first RF channel 3011 and the second RF channel, the radome of the first phased array 301 and the radome of the second phased array 302 are spaced apart by a distance d₀，d₀Smaller than the wavelength. Assuming that the first phased array 301 and the second phased array 302 are spaced apart by a distance d, the distance between the first phased array 301 and the radome of the first phased array 301 is d₁The radome of the second phased array 302 is spaced from the radome of the first phased array 301 by a distance d₀Second phased array 302 to secondThe distance between the radomes of the phased array 302 is d₂When d is equal to d₁+d₀+d₂。

Furthermore, when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel 3021 is maximum, the test instrument 303 may determine the corresponding position between the first phased array 301 and the second phased array 302.

The calibration device 30 first determines amplitude values and phase values corresponding to each first RF channel 3011 based on the coupling signals transmitted from the first phased array 301. And then calculating an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to each first RF channel 3011 according to the standard metrology data. After the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value are obtained, whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range need to be judged, if the two conditions are met, it is determined that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions, that is, amplitude coefficients and phase coefficients corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 need to be corrected until the corrected amplitude deviation value and phase deviation value meet the preset error correction conditions, and corrected target amplitude coefficients and target phase coefficients are obtained. On the contrary, if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is not within the preset amplitude error range or the absolute value of the phase deviation value is not within the preset phase error range, it means that the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient do not need to be corrected.

Finally, after the calibration device 30 corrects the amplitude coefficients and the phase coefficients corresponding to all the first RF channels 3011, the target amplitude coefficients and the target phase coefficients corresponding to each first RF channel 3011 can be obtained. Furthermore, the calibration apparatus 30 may determine the beam pattern of the first phased array 301 according to the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

In the embodiment of the application, a calibration device is provided, through a mirror image phased array of demarcating to the subwavelength is placed with the phased array face to face that awaits measuring, through the direct coupling mechanism of hugging closely between array element antenna, carries out quick amplitude and phase correction to whole RF passageway of the phased array that awaits measuring, thereby promotes detection efficiency, reduces area, and reduce cost is low, can reduce phased array by a wide margin and rectify required time and promote the detection efficiency of phased array product.

Optionally, referring to fig. 10 on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 9, in another embodiment of the calibration apparatus 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first phased array 301 includes a plurality of first RF channels 3011, the second phased array 302 includes a plurality of second RF channels 3021, the second phased array 302 further includes a plurality of switches 3022 and a plurality of attenuators 3023, where each switch 3022 is connected to each second RF channel 3021, and each attenuator 3023 is connected to each second RF channel 3021;

a switch 3022 for turning off the plurality of second RF channels 3021;

when the plurality of second RF channels 3021 are in the off state, the switch 3022 is configured to turn on a target one of the plurality of second RF channels 3021, wherein the target second RF channel is any one of the plurality of second RF channels 3021;

the second RF channel 3021 is configured to receive the coupled signal transmitted by the target first RF channel through the target second RF channel until the coupled signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels 3011 are all received, where the target first RF channel is the first RF channel 3011 in which one of the plurality of first RF channels 3011 has a mirror-symmetric relationship with the target second RF channel;

each attenuator 3023 is configured to perform signal attenuation processing on the coupled signal;

specifically, 1) the switch 3022 is specifically configured to turn on an nth second RF channel 3021 of the plurality of second RF channels 3021 when the plurality of second RF channels 3021 are in an off state, where n is a positive integer;

2) the second RF channel 3021 is specifically configured to receive the coupled signal transmitted through the nth first RF channel 3011 through the nth second RF channel 3021, where the nth second RF channel 3021 has a mirror-symmetric relationship with the nth first RF channel 3011;

3) the switch 3022 is specifically configured to turn off the nth second RF channel 3021;

the switch 3022 and the second RF channel 3021 are configured to perform the operations as in steps 1) to 3) on each of the plurality of second RF channels 3021 having mirror symmetry with the plurality of first RF channels 3011, respectively, until the coupled signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels 3011 are received by the plurality of second RF channels.

In this embodiment, the second phased array 302 is strictly and precisely calibrated and then installed on a fixed pipeline detection platform as a standard calibration device for the first phased array 301. Each second RF channel 3021 of the second phased array 302 is on-off controlled by a matrix of switches 3022. All of the second RF channels 3021 are first turned off, and then each of the second RF channels 3021 is turned on, and then the coupled signals transmitted through each of the first RF channels 3011 are received through each of the second RF channels 3021 to perform channel amplitude-phase correction one by one or selectively. To perform synchronization correction on all the first RF channels 3011, all the switches 3022 of the second RF channel 3021 need to be set to the receiving state.

It will be appreciated that each second RF channel 3021 is connected to a separate switch 3022 and attenuator 3023, respectively, and then to the power divider. Specifically, the switch 3022 may be a Single Pole Single Throw (SPST), the SPST is one of coaxial switches, and optionally, the switch 3022 may also be a Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT), a Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT), a single pole six throw (SP 6T), etc., which are only one example and should not be construed as limiting the present solution.

In addition, the attenuator 3023 can function as a protection circuit, and can adjust the signal size in the circuit, and in the comparison method measurement circuit, it can be used to directly read the attenuation value of the network under test, and improve the impedance matching. If some circuits require a relatively stable load impedance, an attenuator may be inserted between the circuit and the actual load impedance to buffer the impedance change.

In the embodiment of the present application, all the second RF channels corresponding to the first RF channels are firstly closed, then each of the second RF channels is opened in turn, and finally the coupling signal transmitted by each of the first RF channels is received through each of the second RF channels. Through the mode, the phased array that can treat the detection one by one carries out the correction and the measurement of amplitude and phase, can all proofread every first RF passageway promptly, proofreads and determine a plurality of RF passageways relatively simultaneously, and this application is favorable to promoting the accuracy of proofreading.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 9, referring to fig. 11, in another embodiment of the calibration device 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the test instrument 303 includes a vector network analyzer 3031;

the vector network analyzer 3031 is configured to obtain an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 according to the coupled signal;

the vector network analyzer 3031 is configured to calculate an amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 according to the amplitude value and the preset amplitude value;

the vector network analyzer 3031 is configured to calculate a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 according to the phase value and a preset phase value.

In this embodiment, the vector network analyzer 3031 is a test device for electromagnetic wave energy. The method can measure various parameter amplitude values of a single-port network or a two-port network and can measure phase values.

Specifically, let us note that the standard metrology data corresponding to the first RF channel 3011, where i represents the ith first RF channel 3011, N represents the number of the first RF channels 3011, represents the preset amplitude value of the ith first RF channel 3011, and represents the preset phase value of the ith first RF channel 3011. In the mode of correcting the RF channels one by one, the switch 3022 matrix switches the switches of each second RF channel 3021 in the second phased array 302 on and off according to the numbering sequence of the second RF channels 3021, so as to measure and correct the amplitude and phase of each first RF channel 3011 of the first phased array 301 one by one.

In the full-channel synchronous correction mode, the switches 3022 of all the second RF channels 3021 in the second phase control array 302 are placed in the channel receiving state by the switch 3022 matrix, and then the signals coupled by all the first RF channels 3011 are synchronously measured and recorded, and these coupled signals are denoted by a_i,φ_i,i＝1,2,L,N，Where i denotes the ith first RF channel 3011, N denotes the number of first RF channels 3011, a_iRepresents the amplitude value, φ, of the ith first RF channel 3011_iRepresenting the phase value of the ith first RF channel 3011. By comparing with the standard metrology data, the amplitude offset value and the phase offset value of each first RF channel 3011 can be calculated.

For example, the amplitude deviation value of the ith first RF channel 3011 may be calculated using the following formula:

the phase offset value of the ith first RF channel 3011 may be calculated using the following equation:

wherein, Δ a_iDenotes an amplitude offset value of the ith first RF channel 3011, and Δ Φ denotes a phase offset value of the ith first RF channel 3011.

Secondly, in the embodiment of the application, the amplitude value and the phase value corresponding to the first RF channel are obtained according to the coupling signal, and then the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value which are required by us are calculated by respectively using the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value. By the method, the deviation value between the currently measured amplitude-phase value and the preset amplitude-phase value can be obtained, and the deviation value is used for determining whether the RF channel has abnormity or faults, so that the practicability and operability of the scheme are improved. In addition, the testing instrument can efficiently correct the position deviation caused by machining, channel assembly, detection butt joint assembly and structural deformation, and is favorable for increasing schemes and feasible.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to any one of fig. 9 to 11, referring to fig. 12, in another embodiment of the calibration apparatus 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the test instrument 303 includes a test control device 3032;

the test control device 3032 is configured to determine whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range;

if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, the test control device 3022 is configured to determine that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition.

In this embodiment, the test control device 3032 needs to determine whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, and if both of the two conditions are satisfied, it is determined that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition, that is, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel 3011 need to be corrected until the corrected amplitude deviation value and the corrected phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition, and obtain the corrected target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient. On the contrary, if the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is not within the preset amplitude error range or the absolute value of the phase deviation value is not within the preset phase error range, it means that the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient do not need to be corrected.

In addition, test instrument 303 may also obtain a first position vector of first RF channel 3011 in space and a second position vector of second RF channel 3021 in space, determine an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient according to the first position vector and the second position vector, and then test instrument 303 calculates a coupling coefficient according to the near-zone electric field generated by first RF channel 3011, the near-zone electric field generated by second RF channel 3021, the amplitude coefficient, and the phase coefficient.

If the array surface of the first phased array 301 is parallel to the array surface of the second phased array 302, the testing instrument 303 trains the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using a preset relationship model, and the testing instrument 303 is specifically configured to obtain a trained target amplitude coefficient and a trained target phase coefficient, where the preset relationship model is a functional relationship model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position.

Conversely, if the wavefront of the first phased array 301 is not parallel to the wavefront of the second phased array 302, the test instrument 303 first acquires the angle between the wavefront of the first phased array 301 and the wavefront of the second phased array 302. If the included angle is a small-angle included angle, the test instrument 303 calculates a target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculates a target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, where the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions. If the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, the test instrument 303 is specifically configured to calculate a target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient, and the amplitude coefficient, and calculate a target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient, and the phase coefficient, where the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient coupled between the RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient coupled between the RF channels.

In addition, the test instrument 303 may determine a beam pattern of the first phased array 301 according to the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

It is understood that the functions of the vector network analyzer 3031 and the functions of the test control device 3022 may be integrated on the same device, for example, on the vector network analyzer 3031 or on the test control device 3022 at the same time, and in practical applications, may also be integrated on other modules in the test instrument 303, which is not limited herein.

In the embodiment of the application, when the first phased array and the second phased array are mutually normal, the obtained amplitude coefficient and phase coefficient are trained by adopting a preset relation model. When the first phased array and the second phased array are not parallel to each other, an included angle between the array surface of the first phased array and the array surface of the second phased array is firstly obtained, and a corresponding correction mode is selected according to the type of the included angle. By the mode, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are corrected on the basis of the measured data, so that the corresponding target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient are obtained, and the correction precision of each first RF channel is improved.

Referring to fig. 13, a calibration apparatus 40 according to an embodiment of the present application is described in detail below, where the calibration apparatus 40 includes a first phased array and a second phased array, where the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array includes a first RF channel, the second phased array includes a second RF channel, a topology of the first RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship with a topology of the second RF channel, and a radiation front of the second phased array is spaced from a radiation front of the first phased array by a sub-wavelength distance, and the calibration apparatus 40 includes:

a receiving module 401, configured to receive, through the second RF channel, the coupled signal transmitted through the first RF channel;

a determining module 402, configured to determine an amplitude offset value and a phase offset value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupled signal received by the receiving module 401;

a correcting module 403, configured to correct an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value determined by the determining module 402 satisfy a preset error correction condition;

a measuring module 404, configured to measure a performance index parameter of the first phased array by using the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient corrected by the correcting module 403.

In this embodiment, the calibration apparatus 40 includes a first phased array and a second phased array, where the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array includes a first RF channel, the second phased array includes a second RF channel, the first RF channel and the second RF channel have a corresponding relationship, a sub-wavelength distance is spaced between a radiation front of the second phased array and a radiation front of the first phased array, the receiving module 401 receives a coupling signal sent through the first RF channel through the second RF channel, the determining module 402 determines an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal received by the receiving module 401, and if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value determined by the determining module 402 satisfy a preset error correction condition, the correcting module 403 corrects the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, the measurement module 404 measures the performance index parameter of the first phased array using the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient corrected by the correction module 403.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 13, in another embodiment of the calibration apparatus 40 provided in this embodiment of the present application, the first phased array includes a plurality of first RF channels, and the second phased array includes a plurality of second RF channels;

the receiving module 401 is specifically configured to close a plurality of the second RF channels;

1) turning on an nth of the second RF channels, wherein n is a positive integer; 2) receiving the coupled signal transmitted through the nth first RF channel through the nth second RF channel, wherein the nth second RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship with the nth first RF channel;

3) closing the nth of the second RF channels;

the operations of step 1) to step 3) are respectively performed on a plurality of second RF channels having mirror symmetry relationship with the plurality of first RF channels until the plurality of second RF channels receive the coupled signal.

Alternatively, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 13, in another embodiment of the calibration device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application,

the determining module 402 is specifically configured to obtain an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

calculating the amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and a preset amplitude value;

and calculating the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the phase value and a preset phase value.

Secondly, in the embodiment of the application, the amplitude value and the phase value corresponding to the first RF channel are obtained according to the coupling signal, and then the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value which are required by us are calculated by respectively using the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value. By the method, the deviation value between the currently measured amplitude-phase value and the preset amplitude-phase value can be obtained, and the deviation value is used for determining whether the RF channel has abnormity or faults, so that the practicability and operability of the scheme are improved.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 13, referring to fig. 14, in another embodiment of the calibration device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the calibration device 40 further includes:

a determining module 405, configured to determine, according to the coupling signal determined by the determining module 402, an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel, and then determine whether an absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range and whether an absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range;

the determining module 402 is further configured to determine that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value satisfy the preset error correction condition if the determining module 405 determines that the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude error value and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range.

Thirdly, in the embodiment of the application, after obtaining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value, further judge whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within the preset amplitude error range, and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within the preset phase error range, if so, it is determined that the preset error correction condition is satisfied, then subsequent RF channel amplitude and phase correction can be performed, otherwise, if the preset error correction condition is not satisfied, then it is considered that the RF channel has a channel fault, and then subsequent channel amplitude and phase correction is not performed, the first phased array is directly detached from the second phased array by the mechanical arm, and the maintenance is sent back, so as to help to find out as early as possible whether the phased array to be detected has a fault, thereby improving the practicability of the scheme.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 13, referring to fig. 15, in another embodiment of the calibration device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the calibration device 40 further includes:

an obtaining module 406, configured to obtain a first position vector of the first RF channel in a space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space after the determining module 402 determines the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

the determining module 402 is further configured to determine the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient according to the first position vector and the second position vector acquired by the acquiring module 406;

a calculating module 407, configured to calculate a coupling coefficient according to the near field generated by the first RF channel, the near field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient determined by the determining module 402, and the phase coefficient.

In the embodiment of the present application, after determining the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel, the first position vector and the second position vector may be further obtained, and then the coupling coefficient is calculated according to a series of parameters. Through the method, more accurate coupling coefficient can be obtained and used for subsequent RF channel calibration, and therefore feasibility of the scheme is improved.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to fig. 15, in another embodiment of the calibration device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the calibration device 40 further includes:

the correcting module 403 is specifically configured to train the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using a preset relationship model if the first phased array and the second phased array are parallel, where the preset relationship model is a functional relationship model between the coupling coefficient and a parallel offset position;

and acquiring the trained target amplitude coefficient and the trained target phase coefficient.

Further, in the embodiment of the present application, a manner how to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient when the first phased array and the second phased array are mutually flat is described, that is, a preset relationship model is adopted to train the obtained amplitude coefficient and phase coefficient. By the mode, the artificial neural network model is used for establishing the functional relation model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position, and the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are corrected by adopting the artificial intelligent learning algorithm on the basis of the measured data, so that the corresponding target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient are obtained, and the correction precision of each first RF channel is improved.

the correcting module 403 is specifically configured to, if the first phased array is not parallel to the second phased array, obtain an included angle between a wavefront of the first phased array and a wavefront of the second phased array;

if the included angle belongs to a small-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions;

if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels.

Further, in the embodiment of the present application, a manner how to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient when the first phased array and the second phased array are not parallel to each other is described, that is, an angle between a wavefront of the first phased array and a wavefront of the second phased array is obtained first, and a corresponding correction manner is selected according to a type of the angle. Through the mode, on the basis of the measured data, the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient are corrected by using the amplitude correction coefficient and the phase correction coefficient, so that the corresponding target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient are obtained, and the correction precision of each first RF channel is improved.

Optionally, on the basis of the embodiment corresponding to any one of fig. 13 to fig. 15, in another embodiment of the calibration device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the calibration device 40 further includes:

the determining module 402 is further configured to determine a beam pattern of the first phased array according to the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient after the correcting module 403 obtains the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, after all RF channels of the first phased array are corrected, not only can the back-end processing device of the second phased array be used to perform online monitoring on the performance index parameters of the first phased array, but also the target phase coefficient and the target amplitude coefficient can be used to determine the beam pattern corresponding to the first phased array, so as to predict the beam pattern of the phased array to be measured, thereby improving the practicability of the scheme.

the determining module 402 is further configured to determine a corresponding position between the first phased array and the second phased array when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is maximum before the receiving module 401 receives the coupling signal transmitted through the first RF channel through the second RF channel.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that is integrated with one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A method for phased array calibration, the method being applied to a calibration system, the calibration system comprising a first phased array and a second phased array, wherein the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array comprises a first RF channel, the second phased array comprises a second RF channel, a topology of the first RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship with a topology of the second RF channel, and a radiation front of the second phased array is spaced from a radiation front of the first phased array by a subwavelength distance, the method comprising:

receiving, over the second RF channel, a coupled signal transmitted over the first RF channel;

determining an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet a preset error correction condition, correcting an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient;

and measuring the performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first phased array comprises a plurality of the first RF channels, and wherein the second phased array comprises a plurality of the second RF channels;

prior to the receiving, by the second RF channel, the coupled signal transmitted by the first RF channel, the method further comprises:

closing a plurality of the second RF channels;

the receiving, by the second RF channel, the coupled signal transmitted by the first RF channel includes:

when the plurality of second RF channels are in the closed state, opening a target second RF channel in the plurality of second RF channels, wherein the target second RF channel is any one of the plurality of second RF channels;

receiving the coupled signal transmitted by a target first RF channel through the target second RF channel until the coupled signals transmitted by a plurality of the first RF channels are all received, wherein the target first RF channel is the first RF channel of which one of the plurality of the first RF channels has a mirror symmetry relationship with the target second RF channel.
The method of claim 2, wherein said turning on a target second RF channel of the plurality of second RF channels when the plurality of second RF channels are in the off state comprises:

1) when the plurality of second RF channels are in a closed state, opening an nth second RF channel in the plurality of second RF channels, wherein n is a positive integer;

said receiving said coupled signals transmitted by a target first RF channel through said target second RF channel until said coupled signals transmitted by a plurality of said first RF channels are all received, comprising:

2) receiving the coupled signal transmitted through the nth first RF channel through the nth second RF channel, wherein the nth second RF channel has a mirror symmetry relationship with the nth first RF channel;

3) closing the nth of the second RF channels;

the operations of step 1) to step 3) are respectively performed on a plurality of second RF channels having mirror symmetry with the plurality of first RF channels until the coupled signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels are received by the plurality of second RF channels.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining an amplitude offset value and a phase offset value for the first RF channel based on the coupled signal comprises:

acquiring an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

calculating the amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and a preset amplitude value;

and calculating the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the phase value and a preset phase value.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step of satisfying the predetermined error correction condition by the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value is as follows: the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range, and the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before the correcting the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient, the method further comprises:

acquiring a first position vector of the first RF channel in a space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space;

determining the magnitude coefficient and the phase coefficient from the first position vector and the second position vector.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the correcting the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient comprises:

if the first phased array is parallel to the second phased array, training the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by adopting a preset relation model, wherein the preset relation model is a function relation model between a coupling coefficient and a parallel offset position;

and acquiring the trained target amplitude coefficient and the trained target phase coefficient.
The method of claim 7, wherein before the training the amplitude coefficients and the phase coefficients using the predetermined relationship model, the method further comprises:

calculating a coupling coefficient from the near field electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near field electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient, and the phase coefficient.
The method of claim 6, wherein the correcting the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient comprises:

if the first phased array is not parallel to the second phased array, acquiring an included angle between the array surface of the first phased array and the array surface of the second phased array;

if the included angle belongs to a small-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions;

if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the correcting the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient, the method further comprises:

and determining a beam pattern of the first phased array according to the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.
The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said receiving the coupled signal transmitted over the first RF channel over the second RF channel, the method further comprises:

determining a position between the first phased array and the second phased array when the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is maximum as a corresponding position of the first phased array and the second phased array.
An inspection system, comprising a first phased array, a second phased array and a test instrument, wherein the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array comprises a first Radio Frequency (RF) channel, the second phased array comprises a second RF channel, the topology structure of the first RF channel and the topology structure of the second RF channel have a mirror symmetry relationship, and a radiation front of the second phased array is spaced from the radiation front of the first phased array by a sub-wavelength distance;

the second phased array is used for receiving coupling signals transmitted by the first phased array through the first RF channel through the second RF channel;

the test instrument is used for determining an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet preset error correction conditions, the test instrument is used for correcting an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient;

the test instrument is used for measuring the performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.
The calibration system of claim 12, wherein said first phased array comprises a plurality of said first RF channels, said second phased array comprises a plurality of said second RF channels, said second phased array further comprising a plurality of switches and a plurality of attenuators, wherein each of said switches is connected to each of said second RF channels, and wherein each of said attenuators is connected to each of said second RF channels;

the switch is used for closing a plurality of the second RF channels;

when the plurality of second RF channels are in the closed state, the switch is used for opening a target second RF channel in the plurality of second RF channels, wherein the target second RF channel is any one of the second RF channels in the plurality of second RF channels;

the second RF channel is used for receiving the coupled signal transmitted by a target first RF channel through the target second RF channel until the coupled signals transmitted by a plurality of the first RF channels are all received, wherein the target first RF channel is the first RF channel of which one of the plurality of the first RF channels has a mirror symmetry relation with the target second RF channel;

each attenuator is used for performing signal attenuation processing on the coupling signal.
The calibration system according to claim 13,

1) the switch is specifically configured to turn on an nth second RF channel of the plurality of second RF channels when the plurality of second RF channels are in an off state, where n is a positive integer;

2) the second RF channel is specifically configured to receive the coupled signal transmitted through the nth first RF channel through the nth second RF channel, where the nth second RF channel and the nth first RF channel have a mirror symmetry relationship;

3) the switch is specifically configured to turn off the nth of the second RF channels;

the switch and the second RF channel are used for respectively executing the operations from the step 1) to the step 3) on a plurality of second RF channels which have mirror symmetry relation with a plurality of first RF channels until the coupling signals transmitted by the plurality of first RF channels are received by the plurality of second RF channels.
The calibration system of claim 12, wherein the test instrument comprises a vector network analysis instrument;

the vector network analysis instrument is used for acquiring an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

the vector network analysis instrument is used for calculating the amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and a preset amplitude value;

the vector network analyzer is used for calculating the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the phase value and a preset phase value.
The calibration system according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the test instrument comprises a test control device;

the test control equipment is used for judging whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range or not and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range or not;

if so, the test control device is used for determining that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet the preset error correction condition.
The calibration system according to any one of claims 12 to 15,

the test instrument is further used for acquiring a first position vector of the first RF channel in the space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space;

the test instrument is further configured to determine the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient from the first position vector and the second position vector.
The calibration system according to any one of claims 12 to 15,

if the first phased array is parallel to the second phased array, the test instrument is specifically configured to train the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by using a preset relationship model;

the testing instrument is specifically configured to obtain the trained target amplitude coefficient and the trained target phase coefficient, where the preset relationship model is a functional relationship model between the coupling coefficient and a parallel offset position.
The calibration system of claim 18, wherein the test instrument is further configured to calculate a coupling coefficient based on the near field electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near field electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient, and the phase coefficient.
The calibration system according to claim 17,

if the first phased array is not parallel to the second phased array, the test instrument is specifically configured to acquire an included angle between the array surface of the first phased array and the array surface of the second phased array;

if the included angle is a small-angle included angle, the test instrument is specifically configured to calculate the target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculate the target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, where the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions;

if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, the test instrument is specifically configured to calculate the target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculate the target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, where the second amplitude correction coefficient represents an amplitude correction coefficient of coupling between RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents a phase correction coefficient of coupling between RF channels.
The calibration system according to any one of claims 12 to 20,

the test instrument is further configured to determine a beam pattern of the first phased array based on the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.
The calibration system of claim 12, wherein the test instrument is further configured to determine a location between the first phased array and the second phased array at which the transmission amplitude value of the second RF channel is at a maximum as a corresponding location of the first phased array and the second phased array.
A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-11.
A test instrument, wherein the test instrument is configured to: determining an amplitude deviation value and a phase deviation value corresponding to a first Radio Frequency (RF) channel according to a coupling signal which is received by a second RF channel and is transmitted by a first phased array through the first RF channel;

if the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet a preset error correction condition, correcting an amplitude coefficient and a phase coefficient corresponding to the first RF channel to obtain a target amplitude coefficient and a target phase coefficient;

measuring performance index parameters of the first phased array by adopting the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient;

the first phased array is a phased array to be detected, the first phased array comprises the first RF channel, the second phased array comprises the second RF channel, the topological structure of the first RF channel and the topological structure of the second RF channel have a mirror symmetry relationship, and a sub-wavelength distance is arranged between the radiation front surface of the second phased array and the radiation front surface of the first phased array.
The test instrument of claim 24, wherein the test instrument comprises a vector network analysis instrument;

the vector network analyzer is configured to:

acquiring an amplitude value and a phase value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the coupling signal;

calculating the amplitude deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the amplitude value and a preset amplitude value;

and calculating the phase deviation value corresponding to the first RF channel according to the phase value and a preset phase value.
The test instrument of claim 24 or 25, wherein the test instrument comprises a test control device;

the test control apparatus is configured to:

judging whether the absolute value of the amplitude deviation value is within a preset amplitude error range or not and whether the absolute value of the phase deviation value is within a preset phase error range or not;

and if so, determining that the amplitude deviation value and the phase deviation value meet the preset error correction condition.
The test instrument of claim 24 or 25, wherein the test instrument is further configured to:

acquiring a first position vector of the first RF channel in a space and a second position vector of the second RF channel in the space;

determining the magnitude coefficient and the phase coefficient from the first position vector and the second position vector.
The test instrument according to claim 24 or 25, wherein if the first phased array is parallel to the second phased array, the test instrument is specifically configured to:

training the amplitude coefficient and the phase coefficient by adopting a preset relation model;

and acquiring the trained target amplitude coefficient and the trained target phase coefficient, wherein the preset relation model is a functional relation model between the coupling coefficient and the parallel offset position.
The test instrument of claim 28, wherein the test instrument is further configured to calculate a coupling coefficient based on the near zone electric field generated by the first RF channel, the near zone electric field generated by the second RF channel, the amplitude coefficient, and the phase coefficient.
The test instrument of claim 27, wherein if the first phased array is not parallel to the second phased array, the test instrument is specifically configured to:

acquiring an included angle between the array surface of the first phased array and the array surface of the second phased array;

if the included angle belongs to a small-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to a first amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to a first phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the first amplitude correction coefficient represents preset amplitude correction coefficients in different directions, and the first phase correction coefficient represents preset phase correction coefficients in different directions; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

if the included angle belongs to a large-angle included angle, calculating the target amplitude coefficient according to the first amplitude correction coefficient, the second amplitude correction coefficient and the amplitude coefficient, and calculating the target phase coefficient according to the first phase correction coefficient, the second phase correction coefficient and the phase coefficient, wherein the second amplitude correction coefficient represents the amplitude correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels, and the second phase correction coefficient represents the phase correction coefficient coupled among the RF channels.
The test instrument of claim 24 or 25, wherein the test instrument is further configured to determine a beam pattern of the first phased array based on the target amplitude coefficient and the target phase coefficient.
The test instrument of claim 24, wherein the test instrument is further configured to determine a location between the first phased array and the second phased array at which the transmission amplitude values of the second RF channel are maximum as the corresponding locations of the first phased array and the second phased array.