CN109947428A - A kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-quality software recommendation methods based on software stability measurement, comprising the following steps: the method call procedural abstraction of the software for writing Java language at runtime is method call net；Net is relied on based on method call net building class；The stability of net building Measure Indexes measurement class is relied on based on class；The stability of class-based stability metric index building Measure Indexes measurement software；Intimate software is subjected to descending arrangement according to stability, is recommended by sequence.The prior art is based primarily upon the static analysis of software source code to construct Measure Indexes measurement software stability, and the model of building is not accurate enough.The Measure Indexes of prior art building fail to make full use of the internal structure of software.The present invention constructs more accurate model using dynamic analysis technology and recommends high-quality software for measuring software stability, and then for user, and for understanding software, the high-quality software to select stability high from multiple intimate softwares provides technical support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-quality software recommendation methods, more particularly, to a kind of based on the high-quality of software stability measurement
Software recommendation method.
Background technique
Computer software has goed deep into the every aspect of our lives, becomes us and lives indispensable a part.It is soft
Part is changing, and changes our life for lasting.People are higher and higher to the function and performance requirement of software, lead to software
Scale increase sharply, there are many intimate software products.Open source software is a kind of important software.Many enterprises in reality
Under the agreement for following open source software, open source software is largely used.However, open source software scale is very big, exist many similar
Software product, how from similar software select better quality software become a technical problem.
Software complexity is an important factor for causing software quality to decline.Therefore, in metric software the complexity amount of being
Spend a kind of important channel of software quality.Software stability is a kind of embodiment in software in complexity, has been often expressed as software
For the resistance ability of modification.Software stability is high, and software quality is often relatively good.Have many software complexity metrics at present
The work of aspect: Wolverton proposes to use the code rate of LOC (Lines of Code) statement line measuring procedure person.McCabe base
It is proposed that McCabe cyclomatic complexity (Cyclomatic Complexity) carrys out the complexity of measuring procedure in graph theory.Halstead is logical
The quantity of the operator (operator) and operand (operand) crossed in calculation procedure carrys out the complexity of measuring procedure.
Albrecht proposes function-point method method from statement of requirements book.Oviedo construct a model will control stream and
Data stream merging processing, and by calculating control and data flow complexity come the complexity of measuring procedure.Harrison and Magel
Propose it is a kind of by flow chart decomposition come the method for metric software complexity.Tai proposes a kind of program based on data flow
Complexity measure.Bieman proposes the frame for metric software reusability, and defines some evaluation softwares and reuse
The measurement of property, such as public private reusability (public/private reuse).Lake and Cook has studied C++ software
Metric question.Sharble and Cohen has studied the measurement of Object-Oriented Software Design.Lorenz proposes 11 object-orienteds
Measurement, such as the par of method in averaging method scale (Loc), each class, in each class instance variable average, also
Targetedly give the verification rule of some measurements.Chidamber and Kemerer elaborates that Object-Oriented Software Metric is studied the science
By basis, 6 Object-Oriented Software Designs and complexity measure are proposed, such as method of weighting number WMC (Weighted Method
Per Class), inheritance tree depth DIT (Depth of Inheritance Tree), degree of coupling CBO between class
The measure of a set of object-orienteds such as (CouplingBetween Objects).Abreu is directed to the encapsulation of object-oriented software
Property, inheritance, coupling and polymorphism propose include 6 Measure Indexes MOOD set of metrics.
Although having there is the research work in terms of many software complexity metrics at present, can be mentioned for the quality of understanding software
For certain help, but still there is following deficiency:
(1) existing work focuses primarily upon the complexity of measurement code element itself, lacks to software total quality, such as
The measurement of software stability.
(2) existing work focuses primarily upon the static analysis of software code, dynamic when lacking to software actual motion
Analysis.Static analysis does not need runs software, relies solely on software source code, and the relationship between the element of extraction is actually one kind
Relationship in the case of " the worst " may include extra relationship；Dynamic analysis need runs software, collect in software running process
Element and element between relationship, representative is true interaction between element.Dynamic analysis are more more acurrate than static analysis.
(3) work on hand often only considers to whether there is interaction between element, has ignored the intensity interacted between element to measurement
It is worth the influence of itself.
Software stability is a kind of important qualitative factor of software, and the invention proposes one kind to be measured based on software stability
High-quality software recommendation method, by software dynamic analysis construct Measure Indexes measure software stability, existing work can be made up
The deficiency of work, for understanding software, the high-quality software to select stability high from multiple intimate softwares provides technology
It supports.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of based on the high-quality of software stability measurement
Software recommendation method.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: one kind is stablized based on software
Property measurement high-quality software recommendation method, method includes the following steps:
(1) the method call procedural abstraction of the software for writing Java language at runtime be method call net FCN=(N,
D).Wherein, N is the set of the method node in software；D={ < fi,fj>}(fi∈N,fj∈ N) be directed edge set, indicate
Call relation between method, from fiIt is directed toward fj。
(2) the FCN building class completed based on step (1) relies on net CDN=(Nc,Dc).Wherein, NcFor where method in FCN
Class node set；Dc={ < ci,cj>}(ci∈Nc,cj∈Nc) be a directed edge set, indicate class between dependence
Relationship, from ciIt is directed toward cj；Each edge in CDN will be endowed a nonnegative real number, the intensity value as dependence between class.
(3) CDN based on step (2) building calculates the stability s (i) of class node i, the stability as node respective class
Metric.
(4) stability value for each class being calculated based on step (3), the stability of software for calculation entirety
Stability。
(5) stability of multiple intimate softwares is calculated based on step (1)~(4), and according to their stability
Descending arrangement is carried out, software in the top is high-quality software recommended to the user.
Further, the call relation between the method and method in above-mentioned steps (1) is according to the Java software in Java
It is obtained in actual moving process on virtual machine, is a kind of dynamic analysis, and be not based on the static analysis of source code.
Further, the class in above-mentioned steps (2) is obtained according to the method in FCN.The class that method is defined in FCN
As the class in CDN.Meanwhile the class in CDN is class, inner classes, the general designation of abstract class and interface in Java.
Further, the dependence in above-mentioned steps (2) between class is obtained according to the call relation between method in FCN
, i.e., class include method between call relation if it exists, then there are dependences between corresponding class.
Further, the intensity value of the dependence in above-mentioned steps (2) between class is according to the calling between method in FCN
What relationship obtained.
Further, the building of CDN specifically includes following sub-step in above-mentioned steps (2):
(2.1) all classes in FCN where method are extracted, the only node of building one does not have the CDN on side, i.e. CDN=
(Nc,Dc=Φ).Φ representative edge collection is sky.
(2.2) a line < f in step (1) D is takeni,fj> ∈ D, according to fiAnd fjNaming rule determine its definition
Class, it is assumed that fiIt is defined in class k, fjIt is defined in class p.If k ≠ p, and<k, p>not in DcIt is interior, then general<k, p>addition Dc, otherwise
It is without any processing.
(2.3) side<k, p>on intensity value be defined as shared by the method directly or indirectly being had an impact to class k in class p
Ratio, it may be assumed that
Wherein, mCnt (p) returns to the side operator (side operator for belonging to class p in FCN) for including in class p；Po (p) returns to class p
It is middle may (there are a directed walks (inverse arrow direction) to reach in class k for the method in class p to side operator that class k has an impact
Method, and the path, without other classes, such method is known as on the influential method of class k in class p)；W (k, p) is
Side<k, p>on intensity value.
(2.4) step (2.2) and (2.3) are repeated, until having traversed all sides in FCN.
Further, the calculating of the stability s (i) of class node i specifically includes following sub-step in above-mentioned steps (3):
(3.1) the weighting in-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting in-degree wi of class node iiDefinition
For be connected in CDN with such node it is all enter side intensity value and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (m, i) is side<m, i>on intensity value.
(3.2) the weighting out-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting out-degree wo of class node iiDefinition
For be connected in CDN with such node it is all go out side intensity values and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (i, m) is side<i, m>on intensity value.
(3.3) the weighting in-degree of the node i acquired based on step (3.1) and (3.2) and weighting out-degree, calculate node i's
Stability s (i):
Further, in above-mentioned steps (4) software entirety stability stability is defined as:
Wherein, | Nc| return to NcIn class number of nodes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
(1) building of FCN and CDN is constructed based on the dynamic analysis of Java software at runtime in the present invention, is represented
True interactive relation between method and method in software, between class and class, than the static analysis side based on software source code
Method is more accurate, overcomes the existing problem of the software complexity metric work based on static analysis to a certain extent.
(2) the invention proposes a kind of high-quality software recommendation methods based on software stability measurement, pass through software dynamic
Analysis constructs the interaction models between more accurate software element, and interaction intensity is incorporated in software stability measurement, is compensated for
The deficiency of work on hand, for understanding software, the high-quality software to select stability high from multiple intimate softwares is mentioned
For technical support.
Detailed description of the invention
The source code that Java language Fig. 1 of the invention is write；
The FCN of Fig. 2 the embodiment of the present invention building；
The only node of Fig. 3 the embodiment of the present invention building does not have the CDN on side；
The CDN comprising a line of Fig. 4 the embodiment of the present invention building；
The final CDN of Fig. 5 the embodiment of the present invention building.
Specific embodiment
Further description of the technical solution of the present invention by way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
A kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement proposed by the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the method call procedural abstraction of the software for writing Java language at runtime is a kind of software operational network-
Method call net FCN=(N, D).Shown in FIG. 1 is a Java source code.The Java source code given according to Fig. 1, when its
When being run on JVM, Calculator.main (String [] args) method is run first, is then passed through
Calculator.main (String [] args) method call ADD.add (int augent, int addend) method, passes through
Calculator.main (String [] args) method call SUB.sub1 (int augend, int addend) method；
SUB.sub1 (int augend, int addend) calls SUB.sub2 (int augend, int when operation
) and ADD.add (int augent, int addend) addend.SUB.sub2 (int augend, int addend) is being run
When call Calculator.mul (int augend, int addend) method.The above method is all according to " the class name side
The form name of religious name parameter list ", be the complete name of each method.The operation shape of Java source code according to Fig. 1
Condition, available FCN as shown in Figure 2, the text on node side are the name of node correlation method.Wherein, N=main,
Sub1, sub2, add, mul } be method node set (for simplicity, the class name of class where having ignored each method and each method
Parameter list)；D=<main,sub1>,<main,add>,<sub1,sub2>,<sub2,mul>,<sub2,add>it is oriented
The set on side, the call relation between representation method.
(2) the FCN building class completed based on step (1) relies on net CDN=(Nc,Dc).The building of CDN specifically includes following
Sub-step:
(2.1) all classes in FCN where method are extracted, the only node of building one does not have the CDN on side, i.e. CDN=
(Nc,Dc=Φ).Φ representative edge collection is sky.The Java source code segment given according to Fig. 1 can construct corresponding CDN=(Nc,
Dc=Φ) (as shown in Figure 3), wherein Nc={ Calculator, ADD, SUB } is the set of class node in source code, node side
Text be node respective class name.
(2.2) a line < f in step (1) D is takeni,fj> ∈ D, according to fiAnd fjNaming rule determine its definition
Class, it is assumed that fiIt is defined in class k, fjIt is defined in class p.If k ≠ p, and<k, p>not in DcIt is interior, then general<k, p>addition Dc, otherwise
It is without any processing.As shown in Fig. 2, if taking side<sub2,mul>, because sub2 is defined in SUB class, mul is in class Calculator
Middle definition, and SUB and Calculator are not same class, therefore will<sub2,mul>d is addedc。
(2.3) side<k, p>on intensity value be defined as shared by the method directly or indirectly being had an impact to class k in class p
Ratio, it may be assumed that
Wherein, mCnt (p) returns to the side operator (side operator for belonging to class p in FCN) for including in class p；Po (p) returns to class p
It is middle may (there are a directed walks (inverse arrow direction) to reach in class k for the method in class p to side operator that class k has an impact
Method, and the path is without other classes.Such method is known as on the influential method of class k in class p)；W (k, p) is
Side<k, p>on intensity value.As shown in Fig. 2, because mul by mul ← sub2 influence sub2, po (mul)=| { mul } |
=1, while mCnt (p)=| { main, mul } |=2, so w (sub2, mul)=1/2.
(2.4) step (2.2) and (2.3) are repeated, until having traversed all sides in FCN, it is available it is shown in fig. 5 most
Whole CDN.
(3) CDN based on step (2) building calculates the stability s (i) of class node i, the stability as node respective class
Metric.The calculating of the stability s (i) of class node i specifically includes following sub-step:
(3.1) the weighting in-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting in-degree wi of class node iiDefinition
For be connected in CDN with such node it is all enter side intensity value and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (m, i) is side<m, i>on intensity value.Therefore, in Fig. 5
The weighting in-degree wi of class node CalculatorCalculatorThe weighting in-degree of=1/2, SUB are wiSUBThe weighting in-degree of=1, ADD
wiADDThe weighting degree of=1, ADD are wiADD=1+1=2.
(3.2) the weighting out-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting out-degree wo of class node iiDefinition
For be connected in CDN with such node it is all go out side intensity values and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (i, m) is side<i, m>on intensity value.Therefore, in Fig. 5
The weighting out-degree wo of class node CalculatorCalculatorThe weighting out-degree of=1+1=2, SUB are woSUB=1+1+1/2=
2.5, ADD weighting out-degree is woADD=0.
(3.3) the weighting in-degree of the node i acquired based on step (3.1) and (3.2) and weighting out-degree, calculate node i's
Stability s (i):
Therefore, in Fig. 5 class node Calculator s (Calculator)=(1/2)/(1/2+2)=0.2, SUB s
(SUB)=1/ the s (ADD)=2/ (2+0)=1 of (1+2.5)=0.29, ADD.
(4) stability value for each class being calculated based on step (3), the stability of software for calculation entiretyTherefore, its stability value of code shown in FIG. 1 is stability=(0.2+0.29+1)/3=
0.50。
(5) stability of multiple intimate softwares is calculated based on step (1)~(4), and according to their stability
Descending arrangement is carried out, software in the top is high-quality software recommended to the user.Assuming that other 1 function phase is calculated
Stability like software is 0.4, then is 0.5 > 0.4 according to the result that their stability descending arranges.It therefore, can be by ranking
First software (0.5 corresponding software) is recommended as high-quality software.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention, and embodiment is in reality
A kind of possible situation, but do not represent all situations and be not always the case.Those skilled in the art can be with
It makes various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or is substituted in a similar manner, but without departing from this
The spirit or beyond the scope defined by the appended claims of invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method call procedural abstraction of the software for writing Java language at runtime is method call net FCN=(N, D).
Wherein, N is the set of the method node in software；D={ < fi,fj>}(fi∈N,fj∈ N) be directed edge set, expression side
Call relation between method, from fiIt is directed toward fj。
(2) the FCN building class completed based on step (1) relies on net CDN=(Nc,Dc).Wherein, NcFor the class where method in FCN
The set of node；Dc={ < ci,cj>}(ci∈Nc,cj∈Nc) be a directed edge set, indicate class between dependence,
From ciIt is directed toward cj；Each edge in CDN will be endowed a nonnegative real number, the intensity value as dependence between class.
(3) CDN based on step (2) building calculates the stability s (i) of class node i, the stability metric as node respective class
Value.
(4) stability value for each class being calculated based on step (3), the stability Stability of software for calculation entirety.
(5) stability of multiple intimate softwares is calculated based on step (1)~(4), and is carried out according to their stability
Descending arrangement, software in the top is high-quality software recommended to the user.
2. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The call relation between method and method in the step of stating (1) is according to Java software actual motion mistake on a java virtual machine
It is obtained in journey, is a kind of dynamic analysis, and be not based on the static analysis of source code.
3. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Class in the step of stating (2) is obtained according to the method in FCN.The class that method is defined in FCN becomes the class in CDN.Together
When, the class in CDN is class, inner classes, the general designation of abstract class and interface in Java.
4. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Dependence in the step of stating (2) between class is obtained according to the call relation between method in FCN, i.e. the class method that includes
Between call relation if it exists, then there are dependences between corresponding class.
5. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The intensity value of dependence in the step of stating (2) between class is obtained according to the call relation between method in FCN.
6. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The building of CDN specifically includes following sub-step in the step of stating (2):
(2.1) all classes in FCN where method are extracted, the only node of building one does not have the CDN on side, i.e. CDN=(Nc,Dc=
Φ).Φ representative edge collection is sky.
(2.2) a line < f in step (1) D is takeni,fj> ∈ D, according to fiAnd fjNaming rule determine its definition class, it is assumed that
fiIt is defined in class k, fjIt is defined in class p.If k ≠ p, and<k, p>not in DcIt is interior, then general<k, p>addition Dc, otherwise do not appoint
Where reason.
(2.3) side<k, p>on intensity value be defined as ratio shared by the method directly or indirectly having an impact to class k in class p,
That is:
Wherein, mCnt (p) returns to the side operator for including in class p；Po (p) is returned may be to the side operator that class k has an impact in class p
(method in class p reaches the method in class k there are a directed walk, and the path is without other classes, in class p in this way
Method be known as on the influential method of class k)；W (k, p) is side<k, p>on intensity value.
(2.4) step (2.2) and (2.3) are repeated, until having traversed all sides in FCN.
7. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The calculating of the stability s (i) of class node i specifically includes following sub-step in the step of stating (3):
(3.1) the weighting in-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting in-degree wi of class node iiIt is defined as CDN
In be connected with such node it is all enter side intensity value and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (m, i) is side<m, i>on intensity value.
(3.2) the weighting out-degree of all class nodes in CDN obtained by step (2) is sought.The weighting out-degree wo of class node iiIt is defined as CDN
In be connected with such node it is all go out side intensity values and, it may be assumed that
Wherein, viIt is neighbours' class node set of class node i；W (i, m) is side<i, m>on intensity value.
(3.3) the weighting in-degree of the node i acquired based on step (3.1) and (3.2) and weighting out-degree, the stabilization of calculate node i
Property s (i):
8. a kind of high-quality software recommendation method based on software stability measurement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The stability stability of software entirety in the step of stating (4) is defined as:
Wherein, | Nc| return to NcIn class number of nodes.
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