CN109946742A - The pure rolling land qP shakes digital simulation method in a kind of TTI medium - Google Patents
The pure rolling land qP shakes digital simulation method in a kind of TTI medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This specification embodiment discloses a kind of pure rolling land qP shake digital simulation method in TTI medium.Scheme provided by this specification embodiment, it is decoupled by the qP wave and qSV wave that will be coupled in TTI medium, compared to the full elastic wave Wave equation forward modeling of anisotropy, the analogy method of the pure qP wave of decoupling natively solves the problems, such as that wave field separation difficulty, practical application also demonstrate pure qP wave simulation and be advantageously applied to longitudinal wave exploration；Pseudo- shear wave interference and the advantage still stable for anisotropic parameters ε < δ is always not present in simulation process；In anisotropic parameters acute variation, wave field can still stablize propagation in simulation process, and stability is more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rolling lands qP pure in a kind of TTI medium to shake digital simulation method, belongs to exploration geophysics field.
Background technique
Ball medium extensive development anisotropic properties, wherein just including the transverse isotropy of dipping symmetric axis
(tilted transverse isotropy, TTI) medium.
In the Data processing for this kind of medium, (qP wave is coupled with remaining puppet qSV wave for the coupling of acoustic approximation
Propagate) onomatopoeia wave equation can accurately describe qP wave motion feature, but there is pseudo- shear wave interference and each to different in it
It can be generated when property parameter ε < δ unstable.Meanwhile conventional pure qP wave method mostly carries out numerical simulation, pseudo- spectrometry using pseudo- spectrometry
Have the shortcomings that computational efficiency is low and more demanding to stability condition.
Based on this, a kind of analogy method of more stable, efficient seismic data is needed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the pure rolling lands qP in a kind of accurate, stable TTI medium to shake digital simulation method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The pure rolling land qP shakes digital simulation method in a kind of TTI medium, comprising:
Primary earthquake geological anisotropy parameter field is obtained, anisotropic parameters include ε, δ, φ and vp, wherein ε and δ are
The Thomsen parameter of medium, φ are anisotropy inclination angle, vpIndicate medium velocity of longitudinal wave；
The parameter field is divided into multiple grids；
For each grid, simulation equation coefficient lambda relevant to the anisotropic parameters is obtained1,λ2,λ3；
Using preset wave field propagation operator, based on the simulation equation coefficient relevant to the grid position and it is described respectively
Anisotropy parameter field after arranging shot point and geophone station position, carries out numerical simulation, obtains the stress field that wave detector receives
Value, wherein the wave field propagation operator includes:
c1=(1+ λ3+λ1cos4φ+2εcos2φ+λ2cos2φ),
c2=(1+ λ3+λ1sin4φ+2εsin2φ+λ2sin2φ),
c3=(2+2 λ3+λ2+2ε+1.5λ1sin22 φ),
c4=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φcos2φ),
c5=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φsin2φ)；
Wherein, upIndicate stress field value, uqIndicate auxiliary stress field value, φ is that anisotropy symmetry axis and vertical direction are pressed from both sides
Angle, t indicate the propagation time, and i, j respectively indicate grid point locations in length and breadth, and k indicates discrete time value, and △ x indicates transverse grid
Spacing, △ z indicate longitudinal grid spacing, and △ t indicates time sampling interval, a0And annIndicate that difference coefficient, FFT indicate quick Fu
In leaf transformation, FFT-1Indicate the inverse transformation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), kxAnd kzVertical and horizontal wave number value is respectively indicated, N indicates poor
Sublevel number, x and z respectively indicate abscissa and ordinate.
Scheme provided by this specification embodiment passes through the qP wave and qSV wave solution that will be coupled in TTI medium
Coupling, compared to the full elastic wave Wave equation forward modeling of anisotropy, the analogy method of the pure qP wave of decoupling is natively solved
The problem of wave field separation difficulty, practical application also demonstrate pure qP wave simulation and are advantageously applied to longitudinal wave exploration；Simulation process is total
There is no the interference of pseudo- shear wave and the advantages still stable for anisotropic parameters ε < δ；In anisotropic parameters acute variation, mould
Wave field can still stablize propagation during quasi-, and stability is more preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shakes the process of digital simulation method for the pure rolling land qP in a kind of TTI medium provided by this specification embodiment
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of contrast schematic diagram with the analog result of traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION that this specification provides；
Fig. 3 is another contrast schematic diagram with the analog result of traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION that this specification provides；
Fig. 4 is a kind of anisotropic parameters of model provided by this specification embodiment and the relation schematic diagram of position；
Fig. 5 is the signal of method provided by this specification embodiment and the obtained wave field snapshot comparison of conventional method
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the signal of method and the obtained earthquake big gun Record Comparison of conventional method provided by this specification embodiment
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiment of base in this manual, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
It is illustrated firstly the need of for wave field propagation operator used in the application simulation process.
In seismic field, qP phase velocity of wave formula equation are as follows:
For the ease of solving wave equations, the present invention is with approximation qP phase velocity of wave formula (2) come approximate formula (1).Wherein,
vpIndicate that qP wave propagates phase velocity, θ indicates phase angle, and ε and δ indicate medium T homsen parameter value, vp0Indicate medium longitudinal wave speed
Degree.
Formula (2) are as follows:
Wherein, the coefficient value λ in (2) formula1(x,z),λ2(x,z),λ3(x, z) is function related with position, λ1(x,z),
λ2(x,z),λ3The value of (x, z) is indicated with anisotropic parameters ε and δ, can be obtained with the mode approached equation (1)
, specifically, can be obtained using Least squares approach.For example, making equation (2) formula most using the principle of Least squares approach
The concrete principle that bigization approaches equation (1) is as follows:
If f (x) is the continuous function on section [a, b],It is a linear independence function on [a, b]
System, andIt is all continuously, to determine generalized polynomial on [a, b]Coefficient
a0,a1,…,an, makeThe function obtained in this wayReferred to as f (x) is best on [a, b]
Square approach.In this specification embodiment, f (x) corresponds to equation (1),Correspond to equation (2).
The solution of Least squares approach is needed to be used herein as complexification Simpson formula using integral formula, it is specific former
It manages as follows:
By section [a, b] n equal part: branch xk=a+kh,In section [xk,xk+1], k=0,1 ... on n-1
Using Simpson formula
Wherein,
Based on determining λ1(x,z),λ2(x,z),λ3(x, z) converts to obtain the qP of following decoupling to formula (2) doing mathematics
Wave equation.
QP wave wave equation are as follows:
Wherein, up(x, z, t) is stress value, vp0It is particle velocity of longitudinal wave, λ1,λ2,λ3It is the approximation coefficient that front is acquired,
φ is anisotropy symmetry axis and vertical direction angle, and t indicates the propagation time, and x and z respectively indicate transverse and longitudinal coordinate.
Equation (3) can only be calculated by pseudo- spectrometry, cause calculation amount excessive.Equation (3) is re-written as equation herein
(4), the ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION and Poisson's equation that equation (4) is modified by one form.
Wherein uq(x, z, t) is auxiliary stress field value, without actual physical meaning.
It can be seen that, the first part in formula (4) is the ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION formula of modification, and second part is Poisson at this time
Equation, the two have separated.Numerical simulation can be carried out using finite difference-puppet spectrum mixing method to equation (4).That is, using when
Between second order spatial higher-order wave equation solve the ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION part of modification, and calculate Poisson's equation part using pseudo- spectrometry, then
The qP wave field propagation operator of above formula may be expressed as:
Wherein, c1=(1+ λ3+λ1cos4φ+2εcos2φ+λ2cos2φ),
c2=(1+ λ3+λ1sin4φ+2εsin2φ+λ2sin2φ),
c3=(2+2 λ3+λ2+2ε+1.5λ1sin22 φ),
c4=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φcos2φ),
c5=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φsin2φ),
Wherein, upIndicate stress field value, uqIndicate auxiliary stress field value, i, j respectively indicate vertically and horizontally grid point locations, k table
Show discrete time value, △ x indicates transverse grid spacing, and △ z indicates longitudinal grid spacing, and △ t indicates time sampling interval, a0
And annIndicate that difference coefficient, FFT indicate Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), FFT-1Indicate the inverse transformation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), kxAnd kz
Respectively indicate vertical and horizontal wave number value, λ1(x,z),λ2(x,z),λ3(x, z) is the value indicated with anisotropic parameters ε and δ,
Size determines that φ is anisotropy symmetry axis and vertical direction angle at equation (2) approximate equation (1), and m and n are when calculating
Intermediate variable, no actual physical meaning, N indicate difference order, be exactly 10 order difference precision as N=5.
Preceding sections are explained and illustrate for wave field propagation operator employed in this specification embodiment, specifically
Usage mode as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is qP wave seismic data moulds pure in a kind of TTI medium provided by this specification embodiment
The flow diagram of quasi- method, comprising:
S101 obtains primary earthquake geological anisotropy parameter field, and anisotropic parameters include ε, δ, φ and vp, wherein ε
It is the Thomsen parameter of medium with δ, φ is anisotropy inclination angle, vpIndicate medium velocity of longitudinal wave；
Specifically, geologic geophysical model can be used, field geology is appeared, drilling well, physical prospecting, well-log information can be drawn
Geological model figure processed fills to obtain anisotropic parameters relevant to primary earthquake data field by model.
The parameter field is divided into multiple grids by S103.
The division of grid is usually to be evenly dividing, i.e., grid spacing can be specified arbitrarily.In practical applications, in order to
Realize that the small small memory requirements of smaller calculation amount, grid spacing dx and time sampling interval dt meet stability condition and numerical value frequency
It dissipates small principle to be chosen, to reach efficient, stable, accurate Forward modelling result.The stability for needing to meet herein
Condition are as follows:Wherein, v indicates velocity field, and △ t is time sampling interval, and △ d is grid spacing.
S105 obtains simulation equation coefficient lambda relevant to the anisotropic parameters for each grid1,λ2,λ3。
As previously mentioned, simulation equation coefficient can be based on equation (2) other side based on the anisotropic parameters field having determined
Journey (1) is determined using Least squares approach principle.
S107, using preset wave field propagation operator, based on the simulation equation coefficient relevant to the grid position and
The anisotropic parameters field after determining shot point and geophone station position, carries out numerical simulation, obtains the stress that wave detector receives
Field value.
Detailed description has been carried out above for wave field propagation operator.In practical application, can by functional module or
The form of algoritic module carries out default.Shot point and geophone station position may be provided at any position of grid, be generally located on
On first layer grid (i.e. earth's surface).
As previously mentioned, application time second order spatial higher-order wave equation solves the sound wave of modification in numerical simulation
Equation part, and Poisson's equation part is calculated using pseudo- spectrometry, it realizes the numerical simulation of the pure qP wave based on decoupling, obtains one
The stress field data propagated about wave field.
Fig. 2 is a kind of contrast schematic diagram with the analog result of traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION that this specification provides.Its
In, a part be the 0.4s moment that traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION obtains qP wave field snapshot (ε=0.24, δ=0.12, φ=
30 °), the part b is 0.4s moment qP wave field snapshot (ε=0.24, δ=0.12, φ=30 °) provided herein.From Fig. 2
In it can be seen that, it can be seen that qP wave simulation result of the invention than traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION analog result there is no puppet cross
Wave interference.I.e. the present invention is full decoupled by qP wave and qSV wave, and traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION analog result has still coupled remnants
QSV wave.In figure, abscissa is length x, and ordinate is depth z.
Fig. 3 is another contrast schematic diagram with the analog result of traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION that this specification provides.
Wherein, the part a is qP wave field snapshot (ε=0.12, δ=0.24, φ at the 0.4s moment that traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION obtains
=30 °), the part b is 0.4s moment qP wave field snapshot (ε=0.12, δ=0.24, φ=30 °) provided herein.From
In Fig. 3 as can be seen that in anisotropic parameters ε < δ, method provided herein is still stable, and traditional Coupled quasi sound wave side
Journey is unstable.In figure, abscissa is length x, and ordinate is depth z.
Scheme provided by this specification embodiment is decoupled by the qP wave and qSV wave that will be coupled, compared to each
The full elastic wave Wave equation forward modeling of anisotropy, the analogy method of the pure qP wave of decoupling natively solve wave field separation difficulty
The problem of, practical application also demonstrates pure qP wave simulation and is advantageously applied to longitudinal wave exploration；Pseudo- shear wave is always not present in simulation process
Interference and the advantage still stable for anisotropic parameters ε < δ；In anisotropic parameters acute variation, wave field in simulation process
Propagation can still be stablized, stability is more preferable.
In order to verify this patent qP wave simulation method to the applicability of complex model, scheme proposed by the present invention is used for BP
In model.The parameter of the model (BP model a part) is as shown in figure 4, can there are violent anisotropy for model as seen from the figure
Change of pitch angle.Fig. 4 is a kind of anisotropic parameters of model provided by this specification embodiment and the relation schematic diagram of position.
In figure, abscissa is length x, and ordinate is depth z.
Traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION is selected to refer to herein.Fig. 5 is method provided by this specification embodiment and passes
The schematic diagram of system method obtained wave field snapshot comparison, in figure, abscissa is length x, and ordinate is depth z.Fig. 6 is this theory
The schematic diagram of artillery simulators Record Comparison obtained by method provided by bright book embodiment and conventional method, in figure, abscissa is length
X is spent, ordinate is time t.It can be seen that the scheme that this patent proposes is still stable in anisotropy inclination angle acute variation region.And
The forward modeling result that traditional Coupled quasi ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION obtains generates unstable in inclination angle acute variation region.By BP model measurement,
Demonstrate the validity for the earthquake simulation method based on Least squares approach that this patent is proposed.
Corresponding, the embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and is stored in storage
On device and the computer program that can run on a processor, wherein the processor realizes TTI above-mentioned when executing described program
The pure rolling land qP shakes digital simulation method in medium.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for device,
For equipment and medium class embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so being described relatively simple, related place
Illustrate referring to the part of embodiment of the method, just no longer repeats one by one here.
Claims (4)
1. the pure rolling land qP shakes digital simulation method in a kind of TTI medium, comprising:
Primary earthquake geological anisotropy parameter field is obtained, anisotropic parameters include ε, δ, φ and vp, wherein ε and δ is medium
Thomsen parameter, φ be anisotropy inclination angle, vpIndicate medium velocity of longitudinal wave；
The parameter field is divided into multiple grids；
For each grid, simulation equation coefficient lambda relevant to the anisotropic parameters is obtained1,λ2,λ3；
Using preset wave field propagation operator, based on the simulation equation coefficient relevant to the grid position and described respectively to different
Property parameter field, after determining shot point and geophone station position, carry out numerical simulation, obtain the stress field value that wave detector receives, wherein
The wave field propagation operator includes:
c1=(1+ λ3+λ1cos4φ+2εcos2φ+λ2cos2φ),
c2=(1+ λ3+λ1sin4φ+2εsin2φ+λ2sin2φ),
c3=(2+2 λ3+λ2+2ε+1.5λ1sin22 φ),
c4=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φcos2φ),
c5=(- 2 ε sin2 φ-λ2sin2φ-2λ1sin2φsin2φ)；
Wherein, upIndicate stress field value, uqIndicate auxiliary stress field value, φ is anisotropy symmetry axis and vertical direction angle, t
Indicating the propagation time, i, j respectively indicate grid point locations in length and breadth, and k indicates discrete time value, and △ x indicates transverse grid spacing,
△ z indicates longitudinal grid spacing, and △ t indicates time sampling interval, a0And annIndicate that difference coefficient, FFT indicate fast Fourier
Transformation, FFT-1Indicate the inverse transformation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), kxAnd kzVertical and horizontal wave number value is respectively indicated, N indicates difference rank
Number, x and z respectively indicate abscissa and ordinate.
2. the velocity field is divided into multiple grids by the method as described in claim 1, comprising:
According to numerical simulation stability conditionIt determines the spacing between grid, grid dividing is carried out to velocity field, wherein
V indicates velocity field, and △ t is time sampling interval, and △ d is grid spacing.
3. the method as described in claim 1 obtains simulation equation relevant to the anisotropic parameters for each grid
Coefficient lambda1,λ2,λ3, comprising:
Using Least squares approach method, make equation
Approach qP phase velocity of wave formula equation
Determine λ1(x,z),λ2(x,z),λ3(x,z)。
4. a kind of computer equipment including memory, processor and stores the meter that can be run on a memory and on a processor
Calculation machine program, wherein the processor realizes the method as described in claims 1 to 3 is any when executing described program.
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| CN112764105A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | HTI medium quasi-longitudinal wave forward simulation method and device, storage medium and processor |
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| CN116559941A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-08-08 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Norris-KG model-based earthquake longitudinal wave simulation analysis method |
| CN116559941B (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2024-03-12 | 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 | Norris-KG model-based earthquake longitudinal wave simulation analysis method |
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