CN109945928B - Salt frost heaving tester for realizing water-heat-force coupling - Google Patents
Salt frost heaving tester for realizing water-heat-force coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109945928B CN109945928B CN201910274651.2A CN201910274651A CN109945928B CN 109945928 B CN109945928 B CN 109945928B CN 201910274651 A CN201910274651 A CN 201910274651A CN 109945928 B CN109945928 B CN 109945928B
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Abstract
The invention provides a salt frost heaving tester for realizing a water-heating power coupling effect, which comprises an assembly body and a loading system, wherein the assembly body comprises a sample cylinder, an upper cold plate and a lower cold plate, the sample cylinder comprises a superposition cylinder and a bottom cylinder, the superposition cylinder is sequentially in threaded connection, the bottom cylinder is arranged below the superposition cylinder, a plurality of cylinder wall holes are uniformly formed in the peripheral side of the superposition cylinder, end covers are connected to the cylinder wall holes, rubber plugs are arranged on the end covers, a plurality of cylinder wall holes are formed in the peripheral side of the bottom cylinder, flow guiding nozzles are arranged on the cylinder wall holes, the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate respectively comprise a cold plate upper cover and a cold plate base which are connected through bolts, and the loading system is a lever system or a stress sensor system. The invention can realize the coupling effect of water, heat, force and other factors, the cylinder body adopts the sectional arrangement, the size of the sample can be controlled according to the requirement, the structure is exquisite, the design is reasonable, and the test result is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a salt frost heaving tester for realizing hydrothermal force coupling.
Background
The salinized soil in China is widely distributed, the distribution area is estimated to be more than 20 ten thousand square kilometers, and the salinized soil occupies about 2.1 percent of the total area of the soil in China, and the sulfate salinized soil is one of the most main salinized soils in China. Compared with the common soil, the sulfate-pickled soil has the characteristics of salt dissolution, salt expansion, corrosion and the like, particularly in seasonal frozen soil areas in northwest China, the sulfate-pickled soil has not only salt expansion but also frost expansion, so that serious swelling and cracking diseases are caused to buildings, and the problems are all related to projects such as roads, airports, buildings, oil and gas pipelines, power transmission towers, ditches and the like in provinces of Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, inner Mongolia, Qinghai and the like. With the rapid development and construction of northwest areas, the problem of salt frost heaving diseases caused by sulfate saline soil foundations is increasingly highlighted, and researches on the disease mechanism and influence factors of the sulfate saline soil salt frost heaving and the calculation of salt frost heaving deformation and salt frost heaving force become hot spots in the engineering community. The salt frost heaving deformation and salt frost heaving force of the saline soil are affected by water, heat, force and other factors, the existing test equipment is difficult to realize the coupling effect of the water, heat, force and other factors at the same time, the test instrument can realize the coupling effect of the water, heat, force and other factors, and can measure the salt frost heaving deformation, salt frost heaving force, temperature, moisture, pore water pressure, salt and other parameters in the salt heaving process according to the requirements.
The salt frost heaving deformation and salt frost heaving force of the saline soil are affected by water, heat, force and other factors, and the coupling effect of the water, heat, force and other factors is difficult to realize simultaneously by the existing test equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a salt frost heaving tester for realizing the water-heat coupling effect, which has the advantages of exquisite structure, reasonable design, accurate test result and popularization and application, and can realize the coupling effect of water, heat, force and other factors.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a salt frost heaving tester for realizing hydrothermal force coupling is characterized by comprising an assembly body and a loading system;
the assembly body comprises a sample cylinder, an upper cold plate and a lower cold plate, the upper cold plate is movably arranged at the upper end of the sample cylinder, and the lower cold plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sample cylinder; the sample cylinder comprises a plurality of superposed cylinders with openings at the upper and lower ends and a bottom cylinder with openings at the upper and lower ends, the superposed cylinders are sequentially in threaded connection, and the superposed cylinder at the lowest end is in threaded connection with the bottom cylinder; the upper cold plate is movably arranged on the uppermost inner wall of a superposed barrel of the sample barrel in a laminating manner, the lower cold plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a bottom barrel in a threaded manner, a plurality of barrel wall holes are uniformly formed in the peripheral side of the superposed barrel, an end cover is in threaded connection with each barrel wall hole, a rubber plug for plugging the barrel wall holes is arranged on the end cover, a plurality of barrel wall holes are arranged in the peripheral side of the bottom barrel, a drainage nozzle is arranged on each barrel wall hole on the bottom barrel, the upper cold plate comprises an upper cold plate upper cover and an upper cold plate base which are connected through an M8 bolt and an M8 nut, a transmission piece for transmitting stress strain is arranged in the central position of the upper surface of the upper cold plate upper cover, four vent holes and two water inlet holes are uniformly formed in the upper cold plate upper cover by taking the transmission piece as the center, a plurality of vent holes corresponding to the vent holes of the upper cold plate upper cover are formed in the cold plate base, and a hollow rubber plug passes through the two, the test device is characterized in that a ventilation hose is filled in the hollow rubber plug, one end of the ventilation hose is connected with an external air source, the other end of the ventilation hose extends out of the lower end face of the lower cold plate to contact with a test soil sample, the upper part of a water inlet in the upper cold plate is connected with an external low-temperature cold bath device through a drainage nozzle in threaded connection, the lower cold plate comprises a lower cold plate upper cover and a lower cold plate base which are connected through an M10 bolt and an M10 nut, a plurality of water inlets and four air vents are formed in the lower cold plate upper cover, four air vents and one water inlet are formed in the lower cold plate base, the air vents in the lower cold plate are connected with the upper cold plate, a hollow rubber plug filled with the ventilation hose is plugged in the air vents, the upper end of the ventilation hose on the lower cold plate contacts with the test soil sample, the lower end of the ventilation hose on the lower cold plate extends out to be connected with the external air source, the lateral wall of cold drawing base adds down is equipped with the apopore for the discharge of circulating water, low temperature cold bath device utilizes the temperature control of cooling circulation liquid realization to experimental soil sample, links to each other through air hose and outside air supply and can realize the air cycle on surface about experimental soil sample, carries out the drying to soil sample, also can connect outside water source to carry out the humidification to experimental soil sample upper and lower surface when needs carry out humidification to experimental soil sample.
The loading system is a lever system or a stress sensor system;
the lever system comprises a bottom plate, a bracket fixing plate, a cross top frame and a lever, wherein the bottom plate is arranged below the assembly body, the bracket fixing plates are fixed on the outer wall of the uppermost stacking cylinder in a circular ring shape, the four brackets are uniformly distributed outside the sample cylinder, one end of the bracket penetrates through the bracket fixing plate and the lower cold plate base in sequence and penetrates into the bottom plate, the cross top frame is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bracket through a bolt, the lever is respectively and fixedly connected with the cross top frame and the transmission piece, a displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the bracket fixing plate through a fixing rod, the displacement sensor can be used for measuring the displacement variation of the sample cylinder, the lever is positioned by the bracket and the cross top frame and is adjusted by the sleeve, the lever position is adjusted according to actual needs, and the lever system can realize the loading to experimental soil sample, the deformation of measurable soil sample under the different load conditions.
The stress sensor system is characterized in that a lever in the lever system is replaced by a stress sensor, the stress sensor is fixedly installed at the central position of the cross top frame and penetrates through the central position of the cross top frame to be in contact with the transfer piece, and the cross top frame is connected with the stress sensor, so that the stress and the deformation of the soil sample can be measured while different rigidity constraints are applied to the soil sample.
Preferably, the stepped grooves are formed in two ends of the inner wall of each stacking barrel and used for supporting the upper cold plate, the stacking barrels are combined more tightly, and combination gaps are reduced.
Preferably, the rubber buffer divide into solid rubber buffer, pinhole rubber buffer A, pinhole rubber buffer B and hollow rubber buffer four kinds, a hole has been seted up on pinhole rubber buffer A, set up on pinhole rubber buffer B by three holes, solid rubber buffer then can block up a section of thick bamboo wall hole, pinhole rubber buffer A can insert a corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, pinhole rubber buffer B can insert three corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, hollow rubber buffer can insert the breather hose wherein to the realization measures the relevant parameter of the different positions of a sample section of thick bamboo, the rubber buffer of installing on the stack section of thick bamboo can be according to actual test demand, places different rubber buffers, inserts different parameter test instrument, like humidity transducer, temperature sensor and baroceptor etc..
Preferably, a rubber sealing ring is arranged on a contact surface between the upper cover of the upper cold plate and the upper base of the upper cold plate, and a rubber sealing ring is arranged on a contact surface between the upper cover of the lower cold plate and the lower base of the lower cold plate, so that a better sealing effect is achieved.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the upper cover of the lower cooling plate is provided with three rings of annular bulges, so that the control on the temperature and the moisture of the soil sample can be efficiently realized.
Preferably, the drainage nozzles on the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate are connected with an external low-temperature cold bath device, and the ventilation hoses of the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate are connected with an external gas transmission device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention has the advantages of exquisite structure and reasonable design, stress restraint with different rigidity is applied to the tested soil sample through the loading system, temperature control of the soil sample is realized by connecting the diversion nozzles on the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate with the external low-temperature cold bath device, the humidity of the tested soil sample is increased by connecting the ventilation hose with the external water source when needed, the measurement of the temperature, the moisture, the pore water pressure, the salt and other parameters in the salt expansion process can be measured according to needs through different parameter measuring instruments inserted into the rubber plug in the experimental process, and meanwhile, the salt frost heaving deformation and the salt frost heaving force of the tested soil sample are measured by the displacement sensor, so that the coupling effect of the factors such as water, heat, force and the like is realized, the test result is accurate, scientific and rigorous.
2. The invention is provided with the freely movably detachable overlapping barrel, the size of the sample barrel can be controlled according to the requirement, the sensor is provided with the rubber plug for plugging the opening to be connected with the sample barrel, the connection is firm, the operation is convenient, the sealing is reliable, and the rubber plug is elastic, so that the deformation and the damage of the sensor caused by pushing the sensor by the deformation of the soil body can be prevented.
3. The invention is provided with an upper cold plate movably arranged on the inner side of the top end of the sample cylinder and a lower cold plate fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower end of the sample cylinder, and the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate are provided with ventilating water inlet holes, so that the temperature, the humidity and the air pressure of a test soil sample can be accurately controlled through an external low-temperature cold bath device and an air conveying device, and the test result is more accurate and credible.
4. The invention designs two loading systems of a lever system and a stress sensor system, wherein the lever system applies a stress condition to the whole sample cylinder through the connection of a lever, a transmission piece and a cross top frame; the stress sensor system applies a counter force condition to the sample cylinder through the restraint of the stress sensor or the stress ring, can measure the expansive force of the soil sample, and obtains the deformation of the soil sample through the displacement sensor arranged on the support fixing plate.
5. The rubber stopper has the advantages that various rubber stoppers are designed, different rubber stoppers can be selected according to actual requirements, the operation is simple and convenient, and the using effect is good.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an assembly in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the sample cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the upper cold plate in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the cold plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lever loading system used in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading system using a stress sensor in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, mounting a cold plate; 2-lower cooling plate; 3, a stacking cylinder;
4, a bottom cylinder; 5, end cover; 6, a transmission piece;
7-drainage nozzle; 8, covering the upper cold plate; 9-mounting a cold plate base;
10-upper cover of lower cooling plate; 11-a cold plate base; 12-a base plate;
13-support: 14-bracket fixing plate: 15-cross top frame:
16-lever: 17-stress sensor: 18-air hose:
19-rubber plug: 20-displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment includes an assembly and a loading system, the assembly includes a sample tube placed vertically, an upper cold plate 1 and a lower cold plate 2, the upper cold plate 1 is movably placed at the upper end of the sample tube, and the lower cold plate 2 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sample tube; the sample cylinder comprises a plurality of superposed cylinders 3 with openings at the upper and lower ends and a bottom cylinder 4 with openings at the upper and lower ends, the superposed cylinders 3 are sequentially in threaded connection, and the superposed cylinder 3 at the lowest end is in threaded connection with the bottom cylinder 4; go up cold drawing 1 and the laminating activity of 3 inner walls of the stack section of thick bamboo of sample section of thick bamboo top is placed, cold drawing 2 and the outer wall screw thread fixed connection of end section of thick bamboo 4 down, a plurality of section of thick bamboo wall holes have evenly been seted up in all sides of stack section of thick bamboo 3, threaded connection has end cover 5 on the section of thick bamboo wall hole, be provided with the rubber buffer 19 that stops up a section of thick bamboo wall hole on the end cover 5, all sides of end section of thick bamboo 4 are provided with a plurality of section of thick bamboo wall holes, be provided with drainage mouth 7 on the section of thick bamboo wall hole.
Go up cold drawing 1 and include last cold drawing upper cover 8 and last cold drawing base 9 that connect through M8 bolt and M8 nut, the upper surface central point of going up cold drawing upper cover 8 puts and is provided with the biography that is used for transmitting stress strain and connects piece 6, use on going up the cold drawing upper cover 8 to connect piece 6 and evenly seted up four air vents and two inlet openings as the center, go up and set up a plurality of air vents corresponding with the air vent position of last cold drawing upper cover 8 on the cold drawing base 9, pass a hollow rubber buffer in two air vents of corresponding position on going up cold drawing 1, it has ventilation hose 18 to fill in the hollow rubber buffer, external air supply is connected to ventilation hose 18 one end, and the other end stretches out 2 terminal surface contact test soil samples down of cold drawing 2, the outside low temperature cold bath device is connected through threaded connection's drainage mouth 7 in the top of the inlet opening in going up cold drawing 1.
The lower cold plate 2 comprises a lower cold plate upper cover 10 and a lower cold plate base 11 which are connected through an M10 bolt and an M10 nut, a plurality of water inlets and four vent holes are formed in the lower cold plate upper cover 10, four vent holes and one water inlet are formed in the lower cold plate base 11, the vent holes in the lower cold plate are identical to those in the upper cold plate, hollow rubber plugs filled with vent hoses 19 are plugged in a group of vent holes which are opposite in position, the upper ends of the vent hoses 19 on the lower cold plate 2 are in contact with a test soil sample, the lower ends of the vent hoses 19 on the lower cold plate 2 extend out to be connected with an external air source, the lower parts of the water inlets on the lower cold plate base 11 are connected with an external low-temperature cold bath device through drainage nozzles 7 which are in threaded connection, water outlets communicated with the inner cavity of the lower cold plate 2 are additionally arranged on the side wall of the lower cold plate base 11 and used for discharging circulating water, and the low-temperature cold bath device realizes the, the air circulation on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test soil sample can be realized by connecting the air hose 19 with an external air source, the soil sample is dried, and when the test soil sample needs to be humidified, the air hose 19 can be connected with an external water source to humidify the upper surface and the lower surface of the test soil sample.
The loading system is a lever system, the lever system comprises a bottom plate 12, a support 13, a support fixing plate 14, a cross top frame 15 and levers 16, the bottom plate 12 is arranged below an assembly body, the support fixing plate 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the uppermost stacking barrel 3 in a circular ring shape, the support 13 is four and is uniformly distributed outside the sample barrel, one end of the support 13 sequentially penetrates through the support fixing plate 14 and a lower cold plate base 11 to penetrate into the bottom plate 12, the cross top frame 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the support 13 through bolts, the levers 16 are respectively and fixedly connected with the cross top frame 15 and a transmission part 6, a displacement sensor 20 is fixedly arranged on the support fixing plate 14 through a fixing rod, the displacement sensor 20 can be used for measuring the displacement variation of the sample barrel, the levers 16 are positioned through the support 13 and the cross top frame 15, and the lever positions are adjusted through sleeves according to actual needs, the lever system can realize the loading of the test soil sample and can measure the deformation of the soil sample under different load conditions.
In this embodiment, stepped grooves are formed at two ends of the inner wall of the stacking barrel 3 to support the upper cold plate 1, so that the stacking barrels 3 can be combined more tightly, and the combination gap can be reduced.
In this embodiment, rubber buffer 19 divide into solid rubber buffer, pinhole rubber buffer A, pinhole rubber buffer B and hollow rubber buffer four kinds, a hole has been seted up on the pinhole rubber buffer A, set up on the pinhole rubber buffer B by three holes, solid rubber buffer then can block up a section of thick bamboo wall hole, pinhole rubber buffer A can insert a corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, pinhole rubber buffer B can insert three corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, hollow rubber buffer can insert the breather hose wherein to the realization is measured the relevant parameter of the different positions of a sample section of thick bamboo, the rubber buffer 19 of installation on the stack section of thick bamboo 3 can be according to the actual test demand, place different rubber buffer 19, insert different parameter test instrument, like humidity transducer, temperature sensor and baroceptor etc..
In this embodiment, a rubber seal ring is arranged on a contact surface between the upper cold plate upper cover 8 and the upper cold plate base 9, and a rubber seal ring is arranged on a contact surface between the lower cold plate upper cover 10 and the lower cold plate base 11, so as to achieve a better sealing effect.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the upper cover 10 of the lower cooling plate is provided with three rings of annular protrusions, so that the temperature and moisture of the soil sample can be efficiently controlled.
In this embodiment, the drainage nozzles 7 on the upper cold plate 1 and the lower cold plate 2 are connected to an external low-temperature cold bath device, and the ventilation hoses 18 on the upper cold plate 1 and the lower cold plate 2 are connected to an external gas transmission device.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment includes an assembly and a loading system, the assembly includes a sample tube placed vertically, an upper cold plate 1 and a lower cold plate 2, the upper cold plate 1 is movably placed at the upper end of the sample tube, and the lower cold plate 2 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sample tube; the sample cylinder comprises a plurality of superposed cylinders 3 with openings at the upper and lower ends and a bottom cylinder 4 with openings at the upper and lower ends, the superposed cylinders 3 are sequentially in threaded connection, and the superposed cylinder 3 at the lowest end is in threaded connection with the bottom cylinder 4; go up cold drawing 1 and the laminating activity of 3 inner walls of the stack section of thick bamboo of sample section of thick bamboo top is placed, cold drawing 2 and the outer wall screw thread fixed connection of end section of thick bamboo 4 down, a plurality of section of thick bamboo wall holes have evenly been seted up in all sides of stack section of thick bamboo 3, threaded connection has end cover 5 on the section of thick bamboo wall hole, be provided with the rubber buffer 19 that stops up a section of thick bamboo wall hole on the end cover 5, all sides of end section of thick bamboo 4 are provided with a plurality of section of thick bamboo wall holes, be provided with drainage mouth 7 on the section of thick bamboo wall hole.
Go up cold drawing 1 and include last cold drawing upper cover 8 and last cold drawing base 9 that connect through M8 bolt and M8 nut, the upper surface central point of going up cold drawing upper cover 8 puts and is provided with the biography that is used for transmitting stress strain and connects piece 6, use on going up the cold drawing upper cover 8 to connect piece 6 and evenly seted up four air vents and two inlet openings as the center, go up and set up a plurality of air vents corresponding with the air vent position of last cold drawing upper cover 8 on the cold drawing base 9, pass a hollow rubber buffer in two air vents of corresponding position on going up cold drawing 1, it has ventilation hose 18 to fill in the hollow rubber buffer, external air supply is connected to ventilation hose 18 one end, and the other end stretches out 2 terminal surface contact test soil samples down of cold drawing 2, the outside low temperature cold bath device is connected through threaded connection's drainage mouth 7 in the top of the inlet opening in going up cold drawing 1.
The lower cold plate 2 comprises a lower cold plate upper cover 10 and a lower cold plate base 11 which are connected through an M10 bolt and an M10 nut, a plurality of water inlets and four vent holes are formed in the lower cold plate upper cover 10, four vent holes and one water inlet are formed in the lower cold plate base 11, the vent holes in the lower cold plate are identical to those in the upper cold plate, hollow rubber plugs filled with vent hoses 19 are plugged in a group of vent holes which are opposite in position, the upper ends of the vent hoses 19 on the lower cold plate 2 are in contact with a test soil sample, the lower ends of the vent hoses 19 on the lower cold plate 2 extend out to be connected with an external air source, the lower parts of the water inlets on the lower cold plate base 11 are connected with an external low-temperature cold bath device through drainage nozzles 7 which are in threaded connection, water outlets communicated with the inner cavity of the lower cold plate 2 are additionally arranged on the side wall of the lower cold plate base 11 and used for discharging circulating water, and the low-temperature cold bath device realizes the, the air circulation on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test soil sample can be realized by connecting the air hose 19 with an external air source, the soil sample is dried, and when the test soil sample needs to be humidified, the air hose 19 can be connected with an external water source to humidify the upper surface and the lower surface of the test soil sample.
As shown in fig. 6, the loading system is a stress sensor system, the stress sensor system includes a bottom plate 12, a bracket 13, a bracket fixing plate 14, a cross top frame 15 and stress sensors 20, the bottom plate 12 is disposed below the assembly body, the bracket fixing plate 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the uppermost stacking barrel 3 in a circular ring shape, the bracket 13 is four and uniformly arranged outside the sample barrel, one end of the bracket 13 sequentially penetrates through the bracket fixing plate 14 and the lower cold plate base 11 to penetrate into the bottom plate 12, the cross top frame 15 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the bracket 13 through bolts, the bracket fixing plate 14 is fixedly provided with the displacement sensors 20 through fixing rods, the displacement sensors 20 can be used for measuring the displacement variation of the sample barrel, the stress sensors 20 are fixedly mounted at the central position of the cross top frame 15 and contact with the transmission piece 6 through the central position of the cross top frame 15, the cross top frame 15 is connected with the stress sensor 30, so that the restriction of different rigidity can be applied to the soil sample, and the expansion force and the deformation of the soil sample can be measured.
In this embodiment, stepped grooves are formed at two ends of the inner wall of the stacking barrel 3 to support the upper cold plate 1, so that the stacking barrels 3 can be combined more tightly, and the combination gap can be reduced.
In this embodiment, rubber buffer 19 divide into solid rubber buffer, pinhole rubber buffer A, pinhole rubber buffer B and hollow rubber buffer four kinds, a hole has been seted up on pinhole rubber buffer A, set up on pinhole rubber buffer B by three holes, solid rubber buffer then can block up a section of thick bamboo wall hole, pinhole rubber buffer A can insert a corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, pinhole rubber buffer B can insert three corresponding parameter measurement instrument wherein, hollow rubber buffer can insert the breather hose wherein to the realization is measured the relevant parameter of the different positions of a sample section of thick bamboo, the rubber buffer 19 of installation on the stack section of thick bamboo 3 can be according to the actual test demand, place different rubber buffer 19, insert different parameter test instrument in rubber buffer 19, like humidity transducer, temperature sensor, baroceptor and water pressure sensor etc..
In this embodiment, a rubber seal ring is arranged on a contact surface between the upper cold plate upper cover 8 and the upper cold plate base 9, and a rubber seal ring is arranged on a contact surface between the lower cold plate upper cover 10 and the lower cold plate base 11, so as to achieve a better sealing effect.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the upper cover 10 of the lower cooling plate is provided with three rings of annular protrusions, so that the temperature and moisture of the soil sample can be efficiently controlled.
In this embodiment, the drainage nozzles 7 on the upper cold plate 1 and the lower cold plate 2 are connected to an external low-temperature cold bath device, and the ventilation hoses 18 on the upper cold plate 1 and the lower cold plate 2 are connected to an external gas transmission device.
The invention provides an installation and use steps of a salt frost heaving tester for realizing the water-heat power coupling effect, which are as follows: firstly, determining the number of the superposed cylinders 3 according to the size of a test soil sample, then installing an assembly body on a bottom plate 12, wherein the assembly body is installed from bottom to top in the order of a main body and accessories, namely, the assembly body is installed in the order of a lower cold plate 2, a bottom cylinder 4, a plurality of superposed cylinders 3 and an upper cold plate 1, the test soil sample is added while the superposed cylinders 3 are installed, then installing each drainage nozzle 7, an end cover 5 and a rubber plug 19 on the assembly body, selecting different rubber plugs 19 according to the actual test requirements, inserting different measuring instruments into a pinhole rubber plug, installing a loading system, installing a support fixing plate 14, then installing a support 13, a cross top frame 15 and a lever 16 or a stress sensor 20 in sequence, finally communicating an external low-temperature cold bath device and an external ventilation device, testing after the test is ready, applying stress restraint with different rigidity to the test soil sample through the lever 16 or the stress sensor 20, the temperature control of the test soil sample is realized by communicating an external low-temperature cold bath device through the drainage nozzle on the upper cold plate 1 and the lower cold plate 2, the humidity of the test soil sample is increased by connecting an external water source through the ventilating soft 18 pipe when needed, the temperature, the moisture, the pore water pressure, the determination of the parameters such as salt and the like of the test soil sample can be determined according to the requirements through different parameter testing instruments inserted into the rubber plug 19 in the experimental process, and the salt frost heaving deformation and the salt frost heaving force of the test soil sample are determined through the displacement sensor 20, so that the coupling effect of the factors such as water, heat and force is realized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A salt frost heaving tester for realizing hydrothermal force coupling is characterized by comprising an assembly body and a loading system;
the assembly body comprises a sample cylinder, an upper cold plate (1) and a lower cold plate (2), wherein the sample cylinder, the upper cold plate (1) and the lower cold plate are vertically arranged, the upper cold plate (1) is movably arranged at the upper end of the sample cylinder, and the lower cold plate (2) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sample cylinder; the sample cylinder comprises a plurality of superposed cylinders (3) with the upper ends and the lower ends open and bottom cylinders (4) with the upper ends and the lower ends open, the superposed cylinders (3) are sequentially in threaded connection, and the superposed cylinder (3) at the lowest end is in threaded connection with the bottom cylinder (4); the upper cold plate (1) is movably attached to the inner wall of a superposition barrel (3) at the uppermost end of the sample barrel, the lower cold plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a bottom barrel (4) in a threaded manner, a plurality of barrel wall holes are uniformly formed in the peripheral side of the superposition barrel (3), an end cover (5) is connected to each barrel wall hole in a threaded manner, a rubber plug (19) for plugging each barrel wall hole is arranged on each end cover (5), the rubber plugs (19) are divided into a solid rubber plug, a pinhole rubber plug A, a pinhole rubber plug B and a hollow rubber plug, one hole is formed in each pinhole rubber plug A, three holes are formed in each pinhole rubber plug B, and a parameter testing instrument is inserted into each pinhole rubber plug A and each pinhole rubber plug B; a plurality of barrel wall holes are formed in the peripheral side of the bottom barrel (4), and drainage nozzles (7) are mounted in the barrel wall holes in the bottom barrel (4); the upper cold plate (1) comprises an upper cold plate upper cover (8) and an upper cold plate base (9) which are connected through bolts, a cavity is formed between the upper cold plate upper cover (8) and the upper cold plate base (9), a transmission piece (6) used for transmitting stress strain is arranged at the central position of the upper surface of the upper cold plate upper cover (8), a plurality of water inlets and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the upper cold plate upper cover (8), a plurality of vent holes are formed in the upper cold plate base (9), the lower cold plate (2) comprises a lower cold plate upper cover (10) and a lower cold plate base (11) which are connected through bolts, a cavity is formed between the lower cold plate upper cover (10) and the lower cold plate base (11), a plurality of water inlets and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the lower cold plate upper cover (10), a water inlet and a plurality of vent holes are formed in the cold plate lower base (11), a water outlet communicated with the cavity in the lower cold plate (2) is formed in the side wall of the lower cold plate base (11), the flow guiding nozzles on the upper cooling plate (1) and the lower cooling plate (2) are connected with an external low-temperature cold bath device, and the air hoses (18) on the upper cooling plate (1) and the lower cooling plate (2) are connected with an external air conveying device;
the loading system is a lever system or a stress sensor system;
the lever system comprises a bottom plate (12), a support (13), a support fixing plate (14), a cross top frame (15) and levers (16), wherein the bottom plate (12) is arranged below an assembly body, the support fixing plate (14) is fixed on the outer wall of the uppermost stacking barrel (3) in a circular ring shape, the number of the supports (13) is four, the supports are uniformly distributed outside a sample barrel, one end of each support (13) penetrates through the support fixing plate (14) and a lower cold plate base (11) in sequence to penetrate into the bottom plate (12), the cross top frame (15) is fixedly connected with the upper end of each support (13), the levers (16) are respectively and movably and fixedly connected with the cross top frame (15) and a transmission piece (6), and displacement sensors (20) are fixedly mounted on the support fixing plate (14);
the stress sensor system is characterized in that a lever (16) in the lever system is replaced by a stress sensor (17), the stress sensor (17) is fixedly installed at the center of the cross top frame (15), and penetrates through the center of the cross top frame (15) to be in contact with the transmission piece (6).
2. The salt frost heaving tester for realizing water thermal coupling interaction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper cold plate upper cover (8) is connected to the upper cold plate base (9) through M8 bolt and M8 nut, the positions of the vent holes opened on the upper cold plate upper cover (8) and the upper cold plate base (9) correspond to each other, and the two vent holes at the corresponding positions are connected through a hollow rubber plug, the hollow rubber plug penetrating through the upper cold plate is filled with a vent hose (18), and the upper side of the water inlet hole on the upper cold plate upper cover (8) is connected with the drainage nozzle (7) in a threaded manner.
3. The salt frost heaving tester for realizing water thermal coupling effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower cold plate upper cover (10) is connected to the lower cold plate base (11) through M10 bolt and M10 nut, the vent holes provided on the lower cold plate upper cover (10) and the lower cold plate base (11) are corresponding in position, and the two vent holes corresponding in position are connected through a hollow rubber plug, a vent hose (18) is provided in the hollow rubber plug penetrating through the lower cold plate (2), and a drainage nozzle (7) is screwed below the water inlet hole on the lower cold plate base (11).
4. The salt frost heaving tester for realizing water thermal coupling according to claim 1, wherein a rubber sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the upper cold plate upper cover (8) and the upper cold plate base (9), and a rubber sealing ring is arranged on the contact surface between the lower cold plate upper cover (10) and the lower cold plate base (11).
5. The salt frost heaving tester for realizing water thermal force coupling according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the upper cover (10) of the cold plate is provided with three circles of annular protrusions.
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| CN111239374B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-06-28 | 中铁二院成都勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Saline soil salt expansion characteristic test device |
| CN111855735B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-06-22 | 兰州理工大学 | Efficient and accurate measuring device for salt expansion and frost heaving of salt solution |
| CN112326921A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Multifunctional frost heaving test system and test method thereof |
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| CN203720113U (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-07-16 | 长安大学 | Testing apparatus for testing salt expansion force and salt expansion quantity of salty soil |
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