CN109944260A - Counter-slope system and its excavation method are protected close to existing railway high slope active network - Google Patents
Counter-slope system and its excavation method are protected close to existing railway high slope active network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to counter-slope system and its excavation method is protected close to existing railway high slope active network, suitable for preventing slope surface Rock Mass Caving close to traffic routes side slope non-explosive excavations such as business railways and constituting the security protection construction work of security threat close to other infrastructure such as construction of structures；SNS Initiative Defence System and passive protection system are combined non-explosion counter-slope digging mode by the engineering method, form a comprehensive protection system, entire side slope is wrapped up using SNS flexible net before slope excavating and being protected, solve threat of the large rock mass avalanche to the infrastructure such as construction composition is closed on, passive protection system measure is recycled, prevents SNS Initiative Defence System " slipping through the net " or high cut slope excavation fritter from implementing Impact Foundation facility.Using counter-slope digging mode, on the inside of first excavation slope, protection band is formed in side slope top of the slope, rock is reduced and enters safety guard net, realize that the secured fashion that counter-slope excavates, construction safety are more preferably guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building safety technical field of construction, and in particular to anti-close to the protection of existing railway high slope active network
Slope system and its excavation method, suitable for close to business railway high slope non-explosive excavation prevent slope surface Rock Mass Caving and close to
Other infrastructure such as construction of structures constitute the security protection construction work of security threat.
Background technique
As infrastructure construction in china constantly promotes, close to it is existing build, the side slope construction of structures will be more and more,
Protect difficulty and security threat also increasing.More especially close to the excavation high slope of existing railway in operation, highway,
The gradient is steep, top of the slope slope foot height difference is big, and side slope often has collapse rock-fall disaster during excavation disturbance, to close to traffic route
Normal operation bring very big security threat.
The especially Mountainous City as Chongqing, by taking the engineering of Chongqing somewhere as an example, proposed place is located at the Changjiang river west bank
Hills location, engineering club, east side, flat field rock excavation region are close to existing Chengdu-Chongqing railway line, and high slope and railway line height difference are about
30 meters, existing slope surface is locally uneven, does not take safeguard procedures, and Weathering Zones of Igneous Rock, danger stone is more, using conventional directly excavation side
Formula will constitute safely great threat to existing railway, even if being all difficult to ensure safety using mechanical non-explosive excavation comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
In view of problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of anti-close to the protection of existing railway high slope active network
Slope system and its excavation method, SNS flexible protective technology protect slope surface, and not needing can side slope using blasting technique
It carries out ending construction, counter-slope face excavation construction engineering method avoids increasing the slope surface load of high slope, is conducive to the stabilization of slope surface, applying
Reduce the influence for excavating falling rocks to traffic routes such as railway, highways between duration to the greatest extent, it is ensured that traffic is normally safe.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
One kind protecting counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, and the slope protection system construction includes SNS active
Guard system and passive protection system, the SNS Initiative Defence System is mainly by SNS flexible net, cross-brace rope, longitudinal bracing
Rope, suture rope and prestressed anchor composition, excavate anchor pole aperture by the arrangement of direction in length and breadth in side slope, prestressed anchor is fixed on
In anchor pole aperture, cross-brace rope and longitudinal bracing rope are tied up on prestressed anchor, and SNS flexible net is connected to cross using suture rope
To on supporting rope and longitudinal bracing rope, and SNS flexible net is close to side slope surface；Groove, passive protection are excavated in side slope bottom
System is set up in the trench, and the passive protection system is mainly made of SNS flexible net column foot, upright bar and gear backplate, in groove
Interior horizontally-arranged setting several upright bar spacing hole, upright bar are injected in upright bar spacing hole and are fixed, laterally take between two adjacent upright bars
Equipped with gear backplate；The SNS flexible net column foot is fixed on gear backplate avris and its height is higher than the height of gear backplate and upright bar.
The beneficial effect of the design compared with prior art is: due to using SNS Initiative Defence System, side slope slope surface
Flexible protective is carried out, it is highly-safe, it can be avoided the slope surface load for increasing side slope, avoid damage to original shape of flaw-piece, increase
The stability of slope surface keeps its construction environment safer.Due to using passive protection system, with SNS Initiative Defence System knot
It closes, constitutes the stereoscopic protective system of the side slope of traffic route side, be capable of the unstability rock of multiple control slope excavating generation,
Effectively control security risk.
A kind of excavation method close to existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system, includes the following steps:
(1) survey and construction scene, preliminary surveying understand side slope rocky condition, by crag, orphan close to the side slope area of traffic route
Stone etc. marks, and determines that SNS is actively anti-according to the importance of the side slope situation and surrounding enviroment and protection of actually examining wiping
Protecting system type；
(2) SNS Initiative Defence System is installed
1. safety rope anchor pole is arranged on side slope top or side slope middle and upper part, safety rope is restrain on safety rope anchor pole,
2. with cement grout anchoring safety rope anchor pole, setting time at least 48 hours；
3. construction personnel clears up country rock in side slope slopes using safety rope, close traffic, lower section personnel are needed before cleaning
Safety area should be withdrawn to, if having local bulk crag when cleaning, cannot clear up, should make a mark, in construction in later period, drilling operating
It will avoid constructing herein；
4. drilling anchor rod aperture mouth, side slope carries out unwrapping wire and determines anchor pole hole location, and paints paint and determine boring point, then according to side slope
The gradient, drilled using hanging basket or double-pole scaffold, drilling anchor rod aperture mouth use diameter phi 45 drill bit, hole depth rate prestressing force
1.0m, 2m, the construction of 2.5 drilling rods need to be respectively adopted in the long 5cm or more of rock-bolt length, and it is heavy on hole wall to clean out after the completion of drilling
Quarrel and water body are viscous；
5. prestressed anchor is perfused, first prestressed anchor is put into anchor pole aperture, the exposed lantern ring top of prestressed anchor is not
It can be higher by earth surface of side slope, then pour into prepared mortar in anchor pole aperture, perfusion is closely knit, is perfused when making firm by ramming, and anchor is discharged
Air in rod aperture mouth at least condenses 48 hours or more after mortar injection, it is curved that wirerope lantern ring is finally hung on anchor pole tail portion
On hook；
6. installing cross-brace rope and longitudinal bracing rope, before vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking installation, every supporting rope two is accurately measured
Hold the spacing between prestressed anchor, when vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking its length should on the basis of measuring every root long degree both ends
Each to increase 1m, then vertical, horizontal supporting rope sequentially passes through the exposed lantern ring of prestressed anchor upper end, and vertical, horizontal supporting rope reaches
Behind the last one end of prestressed anchor, tail of rope is passed through into last root prestressed anchor, and be bent, with tightening force not less than 5KN's
Euphroe or cucurbit tensioning finally fix tail end rope card；
7. linked network sutures, SNS flexible net is tightly attached to side slope surface and is installed, and vertical, horizontal supporting rope is under SNS flexible net
Side, carries out suture connection using suture rope between SNS flexible net and vertical, horizontal supporting rope, and suture rope two ends are preferably stacked not small
In the length of 0.5m, sutures rope end and two rope cards is respectively used to connect with SNS flexible net, after formerly fixing one end in this connection procedure,
Euphroe cucurbit tensioning suture rope with tightening force not less than 5KN, then the fixed other end；
(3) the passive protection system construction in side slope hillside fields
Before construction, first the sundries of Slope bottom earth's surface is understood and flattened, then excavates row's shallow trench, and between one row's upright bar of brill
Away from hole, upright bar is injected in upright bar spacing hole and is fixed, and gear backplate is finally transversely mounted between upright bar, and gear backplate height is at least
2m；
(4) side slope first floor counter-slope excavates and the layering of SNS Initiative Defence System is removed and locked, and before slope excavating, divides layering first
It excavation height and stays and sets the counter-slope earth-retaining ridge, from top to bottom, sequence excavation slope step by step；
When first layer excavates, first on the inside of excavation slope, it is 3m that every layer, which is excavated general height, stays on the outside of side slope and sets counter-slope earth-retaining
The ridge, earth-retaining ridge width are not preferably less than 3m；Then the counter-slope earth-retaining ridge is excavated again, and keeps counter-slope low bank of earth between fields height not less than 1.5m, instead
It when earth-retaining stalk in slope excavates, hooks dig from outside to inside, native stone when to excavate rolls to counter-slope outside；When excavating the earth-retaining ridge, release
When releasing, end clip is unclamped for the SNS flexible net to match with dug layer, and with the traction vertical, horizontal support of manual Hu reed
Rope, gradually unclamps, when vertical, horizontal supporting rope is in nature suspending weight state, releases this layer of SNS flexible net, and carry out the earth-retaining ridge
It excavates, it is every to excavate one layer, the above construction is repeated, is completed until excavating；
When counter-slope excavates, part SNS flexible net is removed i.e. vertically and horizontally after supporting rope, remaining side slope outer upper opening portion
Vertically and horizontally supporting rope is suitably tightened, and it is actively anti-that rock of the protection low bank of earth between fields in the favorite outer whereabouts of digging process can enter locking SNS
It is caught in protecting system；
(5) after slope excavating, SNS Initiative Defence System complete liquidation is appeared on the scene, finally removes passive protection system.
It further limits, the height of the SNS flexible net column foot is higher than upright bar and keeps off the height of backplate, in SNS flexible net
Column foot is equipped with cushion towards side slope side on one side.
Above-mentioned elaboration protects counter-slope system and its excavation method close to existing railway high slope active network, anti-in conjunction with side slope
Protecting system construction, is excavated from the counter-slope face of side slope, forms protection band in side slope top of the slope, it is no longer necessary to carry out explosion, crag is removed
Cleaning is striked to slope excavating protection facility opposite direction using mechanical equipment, reduction rock enters safety and states SNS flexible net, real
The secured fashion of existing digging mode, construction safety are more preferably guaranteed.Also, SNS active protecting net system by anchor pole and
SNS flexible mesh integrally wraps up scar, small compared to traditional rigid protection measure construction work amount, and module may be implemented
Change installation, construction technology is simple；Passive protection net takes upright bar and automobile tire combination, securely and reliably, reduce costs.
It further limits, the SNS flexible net column foot is H profile steel plate, and H profile steel plate stands on the gear backplate away from side slope side
Outside, and two upright bars and gear backplate adjacent with H profile steel plate are higher than other upright bars being arranged in groove and gear backplate,
In, cushion is suspended on H profile steel plate close to the side of gear backplate using waste tire.
It further limits, is additionally provided with the pull rod for being fixed on side slope bottom on the H profile steel plate, prevents higher-height SNS
Flexible net column foot collapses.
It further limits, the anchor pole aperture is anchor pole pit, and the upper plane in anchor pole aperture is lower than side slope upper surface.
It further limits, is additionally provided with buffer trench at Slope bottom.For the impact force for reducing passive protection system, setting buffering
Ditch reduces the rock impact energy surprisingly tumbled.
Further limit, anchoring rod: using M30 cement grout anchoring rod, setting time is not less than 48 hours.Cement
The selection of slurry, label are not less than the cement of M30, preferably use cement-sand ratio 1:1~1:2, the cement slurry or water of the ratio of mud 0.45~0.50
The neat slurry of gray scale 0.45~0.50, cement preferably use 425 ordinary portland cements, preferential to select partial size no more than in 3mm
Fine sand.
It further limits, bore 20cm, the deep 15cm of anchor pole pit, when facilitating SNS flexible net extravagance as far as possible
Firmly it is tightly attached to side slope surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of prestressed anchor of the invention and the perfusion installation of anchor pole aperture；
Fig. 2 is SNS Initiative Defence System schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of slope protection system and layering counter-slope excavation construction process of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of passive protection system of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of slope protection system of the invention and first layer counter-slope excavation construction process；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of slope protection system of the invention and first layer counter-slope earth-retaining ridge construction technology；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of slope protection system of the invention and second layer counter-slope excavation construction process；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of slope protection system of the invention and second layer counter-slope earth-retaining ridge construction technology.
Specific embodiment
In order to which those skilled in the art may be better understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to the technology of the present invention
Scheme further illustrates.
As Figure 1-Figure 4 is a kind of actively anti-close to existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system, including SNS
Protecting system and passive protection system, the SNS Initiative Defence System is mainly by SNS flexible net 2, cross-brace rope 3, longitudinal bracing
Rope 4, suture rope 5 and prestressed anchor 6 form, and excavate anchor pole aperture 7 by the arrangement of direction in length and breadth in side slope 1, anchor pole aperture 7 is
Anchor pole pit, the bore 20cm of anchor pole pit, the upper plane of deep 15cm, anchor pole aperture 7 are lower than 1 upper surface of side slope, system cloth
Often prestressed anchor 6 is arranged using natural indentation position in the flexibility set.Prestressed anchor 6 is fixed in anchor pole aperture 7, horizontal
It is tied up on prestressed anchor 6 to supporting rope 3 and longitudinal bracing rope 4, SNS flexible net 2 is connected to cross-brace rope using suture rope 5
3 and longitudinal bracing rope 4 on, and SNS flexible net 2 be close to 1 slope surface of side slope.The main model of SNS flexible net 2 preferentially use GAR1,
GAR2, GPS1, GPS2 etc., vertical, horizontal supporting rope are wire rope net or iron wire grid.
Excavate groove in 1 bottom of side slope, passive protection system sets up in the trench, the passive protection system mainly by
SNS flexible net column foot 8, upright bar 9 and gear backplate 10 form, and horizontally-arranged setting several upright bar spacing hole, upright bar 9 are injected vertical in the trench
It is fixed in distance between tie rods hole, gear backplate 10 is laterally erected between two adjacent upright bars 9, upright bar 9 can use 43kg rail,
The long 3m of rail, is embedded to 1m, exposed 2m, and gear backplate 10 can directly utilize railroad tie, save the cost, the high 2m of sleeper, every pillow
The long 2.5m of wood, tie joint position set 2 rail, and rail edge is far from sleeper end 30cm；By side slope excavation line side, every rail
Place sets 20 reinforced anchor bolt of Φ.The SNS flexible net column foot 8 is fixed on gear 10 avris of backplate and its height is higher than gear 10 He of backplate
The height of upright bar 9 is equipped with cushion 81 towards 1 side of side slope in SNS flexible net column foot 8 on one side.The SNS flexible net column foot
8 be H profile steel plate, and H profile steel plate stands on away from 10 outside of gear backplate of 1 side of side slope, is additionally provided on H profile steel plate and is fixed on side slope
The pull rod 11 of 1 bottom, and two upright bars 9 and gear backplate 10 adjacent with H profile steel plate are higher than other upright bars 9 being arranged in groove
With gear backplate 10, wherein cushion 81 is suspended on H profile steel plate close to the side of gear backplate 10 using waste tire.
A kind of excavation method close to existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system as shown in Figure 5-Figure 8, packet
Include following steps:
(1) survey and construction scene, preliminary surveying understand 1 rocky condition of side slope, will endanger close to 1 area of side slope of traffic route 12
Rock, boulder etc. mark, and determine SNS according to the importance of the side slope situation and surrounding enviroment and protection of actually examining wiping
Initiative Defence System type；For close to business construction of railways, security risk is larger, preferably select the stronger GPS2 of safeguard function anti-
Protective net structure, specific type selecting structure list are as follows:
| Model | Net type | Supporting rope | Suture rope | Primary protection function | The scope of application |
| GAP1(is commonly simple Monotype) | Wirerope Net | 16 edge Φ (or upper limb) steel 16 side slope of cord anchor pole+Φ (or upper limb) supporting rope | 8 steel wire of Φ Rope | The effect of going along with sb. to guard him, limits falling rocks motion range, and part inhibits avalanche Occur. | The gradient is not suddenly in 1:1, side slope rock Body is complete, no earthing |
| GAR2(is common Type) | Wirerope Net | 16 system ropes anchor pole of Φ+ 16 cross-brace rope+Φ 16 of Φ (12) longitudinal bracing rope | 8 steel wire of Φ Rope | Slope reinforcing inhibits avalanche and weathering off, slips the generation collapsed, Limitation part or a small amount of falling rocks motion range. | The gradient is not suddenly in 1:0.75, side Slope rock mass is more complete, has a small amount of Earthing |
| GPS1(is commonly normal With type) | Wirerope Net+steel wire Grid | 16 edge Φ (or upper limb) steel 16 side slope of cord anchor pole+Φ (or upper limb) supporting rope | 8 steel wire of Φ Rope | Falling rocks motion range is limited, part inhibits the generation of avalanche.Have small It is selected when block falling rocks. | The gradient is not suddenly in 1:0.5, side slope Rock Mass Integrality is bad, has few Measure earthing |
| GPS2(is commonly normal With type) | Wirerope Net+steel wire Grid | 16 system ropes anchor pole of Φ+ 16 cross-brace rope+Φ 16 of Φ (12) longitudinal bracing rope | 8 steel wire of Φ Rope | Slope reinforcing inhibits avalanche and weathering off, slips the generation collapsed, Limitation part or a small amount of falling rocks motion range, have fritter falling rocks or It is selected when upper matter side slope. | Slope rock mass is relatively broken, has small It is selected when block danger stone or soil-slope With |
(2) SNS Initiative Defence System is installed
1. safe line anchor is arranged on 1 top of side slope or 1 middle and upper part of side slope for the person and equipment safety that fully ensure that construction personnel
Bar (uses 28 reinforced anchor bolts, hole depth 1.5m), spacing distance 5m, restrains safety rope, staff on safety rope anchor pole
High-altitude prune job can be carried out using safety rope, and is provided conveniently for drilling installation later；
2. with label M30 cement grout anchoring safety rope anchor pole, setting time at least 48 hours；The selection of cement slurry, label is not
Cement lower than M30, using cement-sand ratio 1:1~1.2, the cement mortar of the ratio of mud 0.45~0.50 or the ratio of mud 0.45~0.50
Neat slurry, 425 ordinary portland cements of cement, the preferential medium-fine sand for selecting partial size to be not more than 3mm；
3. after the completion of above several procedures, crag cleaning process can be carried out, construction personnel is using safety rope in 1 slopes of side slope
Country rock is cleared up, close traffic is needed before cleaning, lower section personnel should withdraw safety area to, if there is local bulk to endanger when cleaning
Rock cannot be cleared up, and should make a mark, and in construction in later period, drilling operating will avoid constructing herein, to prevent the work in construction in later period
Journey disturbance causes crag to loosen downslide；
4. drilling anchor rod aperture mouth 7, side slope 1 carries out unwrapping wire and determines anchor pole hole location, usually in length and breadth away from being 4.5m(according to orographic condition,
Pitch of holes can have the adjustment amount of 0.3m), and paint paint and determine boring point, within the scope of the adjustment amount that pitch of holes allows, to the greatest extent may be used
Anchor pole aperture 7 can be selected in pocket, be close to the bolthole of slope surface as far as possible to non-pocket or after not being able to satisfy system installation
Mouth 7(is general, and continuous hanging area is not greater than 5m2, the local anchor pole that length is not less than 2.5m is otherwise preferably added, which can adopt
The reinforced anchor bolt with crotch or diameter with diameter not less than φ 16 are not less than the bifilar wire rope anchor of 2 × φ 16), then basis
The gradient of side slope 1, is drilled using hanging basket or double-pole scaffold, drill bit of drilling anchor rod aperture mouth 7 using diameter phi 45, hole depth rate
The long 5cm or more of prestressed anchor pole length need to be respectively adopted 1.0m, 2m, the construction of 2.5 drilling rods, hole wall is cleaned out after the completion of drilling
On heavy quarrel and water body it is viscous, 2.5m drilling rod cannot be directlyed adopt and prevent bit freezing, disconnected bar phenomenon, as bore position is in loose rock
Layer, it is necessary to ratify through relevant department, redefine bore position, cannot arbitrarily construct, guarantee that slopes outer drilling depth reaches
2.5m, slopes middle part reach 2m.When being limited by rock drilling equipment, two strands of steel cables for constituting every anchor pole can anchor into two holes respectively
In anchor hole of the diameter not less than φ 35, chevron shaped anchor pole is formed, angle is 15~30 ° between two strands of steel cables, to reach same anchoring
Effect；
After drilling anchor rod aperture mouth 7 reaches projected depth, it cannot stop to bore immediately, it is desirable that surely bore 1~2 minute, prevent bottom hole pinching, up to not
To design aperture.Borehole wall must not have heavy quarrel and water body viscous, it is necessary to clean out, after the completion of drilling, use high pressure sky
Gas (0.2~0.4MPa of wind pressure) rock powder in hole and water body are all removed portal it is outer, in order to avoid reduce cement mortar and hole wall ground
The adhesion strength of body must not be rinsed in addition to the complete rock anchorage of relative rigid using high pressure water；
5. prestressed anchor 6 is perfused, first prestressed anchor 6 is put into anchor pole aperture 7, the exposed lantern ring top of prestressed anchor 6
End cannot be higher by 1 earth's surface of side slope, then pour into prepared mortar in anchor pole aperture 7.It is perfused closely knit, is perfused when making firm by ramming,
The air in anchor pole aperture 7 is discharged, at least condenses 48 hours or more after mortar injection, curing time not up to requires, forbid into
Row next process, and ensure that wirerope lantern ring not by external force, is finally hung on prestressed anchor 6 by prestressed anchor 6
On the crotch of tail portion；
6. installing cross-brace rope 3 and longitudinal bracing rope 4, before vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking installation, every supporting rope is accurately measured
Spacing between both ends prestressed anchor 6, its length should be two on the basis of measuring every root long degree when vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking
Each increase 1m is held, i.e., increases 2m altogether, then vertical, horizontal supporting rope sequentially passes through the exposed lantern ring of 6 upper end of prestressed anchor, uses
The fixed one end of rope card being adapted with supporting rope diameter, restrict 5~l0mm of card spacing, and rope end stays length not less than 20cm's after fixing
Free tail rope, according to bearing length, (supporting rope length is 2 when being less than 10m to rope card quantity, is 4 when being greater than 30m, is therebetween 3
It is a) it is selected；Since one end prestressed anchor 6, supporting rope sequentially passes through the exposed lantern ring of prestressed anchor 6, until the row
Last root prestressed anchor 6；After vertical, horizontal supporting rope reaches the last one end of prestressed anchor 6, tail of rope is passed through into last root
Prestressed anchor 6, and be bent, the euphroe or cucurbit with tightening force not less than 5KN are tensioned, if length is longer therebetween, because of support
Friction between prestressed anchor 6 and ground is big and when cannot be tensioned, can be tensioned paragraph by paragraph, finally by tail end with rope card using with
The identical mode in starting point is fixed；
3 length of cross-brace rope should add fixation when being more than no more than 10m no more than 50m, 4 length of longitudinal bracing rope
End；
7. linked network sutures, SNS flexible net 2 is tightly attached to 1 slope surface of side slope and is installed, and vertical, horizontal supporting rope is in SNS flexible net 2
Lower section, and hung along support Rope Shop, every two lattice (above and below i.e. or left and right) are laid with two SNS flexible nets 2, take between 2 net block of SNS flexible net
Width is connect not less than 10cm；SNS flexible net 2(steel wire grid) it is not less than the iron wire ligation of small 1.2mm, suture between net block with diameter
SNS flexible net 2(steel wire grid net) and supporting rope between with small 2.2mm tied silk ligation, ligation point spacing is not more than 1 m, is laid with side
SNS flexible net 2(steel wire grid net at boundary) reverse folded width is not less than 20cm；
Suture connection is carried out using suture rope 5 between SNS flexible net 2 and vertical, horizontal supporting rope, suture 5 two ends of rope are preferably stacked
Length not less than 0.5m, 5 ends of suture rope respectively use two rope cards to connect with SNS flexible net 2, formerly fix one in this connection procedure
Behind end, the euphroe cucurbit tensioning suture with tightening force not less than 5KN is restricted, then the fixed other end；If it is determined that single suture rope 5
When error is larger, then extra end may extend into adjacent linked network unit, be mended without foot length degree by the suture rope of next adjacent linked network
It fills.
(3) the passive protection system construction in side slope hillside fields
Before construction, first the sundries of 1 bottom of slope earth's surface of side slope is understood and flattened, then excavates row's shallow trench, and bore row's upright bar 9
Spacing hole, upright bar 9 are injected in upright bar spacing hole and are fixed, and gear backplate 10,10 height of gear backplate are finally transversely mounted between upright bar 9
At least 2m；
In order to reduce the impact force of passive protection system, buffer trench is additionally provided in 1 bottom of slope of side slope.Slope foot buffer trench can be according to tool
The setting of body situation can be set to the left and right deeply 1m wide+0.8m when conditions permit.It, can be with when condition is restricted
It is filled in slope foot and rolls oblique 30 ° or more of counter-slope to side slope 1.
(4) 1 first floor counter-slope of side slope excavates and the layering of SNS Initiative Defence System is removed and locked, and before slope excavating, divides first
It layering 1-1 excavation height and stays and sets counter-slope 1-2 and counter-slope earth-retaining ridge 1-3, from top to bottom, sequence excavation slope step by step；
When first layer is layered 1-1 excavation, first on the inside of excavation slope, it is 3m that every layer, which is excavated general height, stays and sets on the outside of side slope
Counter-slope earth-retaining ridge 1-3, earth-retaining ridge 1-3 width are not preferably less than 3m；Then counter-slope earth-retaining ridge 1-3 is excavated again, and keeps counter-slope earth-retaining
Ridge 1-3 height is not less than 1.5m, when counter-slope earth-retaining is obstructed 1-3 and excavated, hooks dig from outside to inside, and native stone when to excavate is to counter-slope 1-
2 outside rollings；When excavating the earth-retaining ridge, the SNS flexible net 2 to match with dug layer is released, when releasing, end clip is unclamped,
And vertical, horizontal supporting rope is drawn with manual Hu reed, it gradually unclamps, when vertical, horizontal supporting rope is in nature suspending weight state, releases
This layer of SNS flexible net 2, and earth-retaining ridge 1-3 excavation is carried out, it is every to excavate one layer, the above construction is repeated, is completed until excavating；
Machinery from top to bottom successively should excavate when cutting the earth, forbid rock steathily or cut the earth under boulder, and night should have sufficient illumination.
In side slope operation, the change conditions of side slope 1 should be paid attention at any time, as discovery has large area image crack phenomenon, it is necessary to which pause is applied
Work, while being contacted with railway department, it passes through again after eliminating danger；
When counter-slope 1-2 is excavated, after removing part SNS flexible net 3 and vertical, horizontal supporting rope, remaining 1 outer upper of side slope opening
Partial vertical, horizontal supporting rope is suitably tightened, and rock of the protection low bank of earth between fields in the favorite outer whereabouts of digging process can enter locking SNS
It is caught in Initiative Defence System；
When 1 operation of side slope, it is necessary to wear a safety helmet, prevent that soil block above and other objects fall and injure head by a crashing object, meet underground water infiltration
When out, water should be guided to sump and be excluded, side slope linked network tears net construction open and must fasten seat belts.
(5) after side slope 1 is excavated, SNS Initiative Defence System complete liquidation is appeared on the scene, finally tears passive protection system open
It removes.
The technological principle of this engineering method is: SNS Initiative Defence System and passive protection system are excavated in conjunction with non-explosion counter-slope
Mode forms a comprehensive protection system, and the side slope 1 being introduced into close to construction is excavated in protection works, especially high slope
Engineering, highly-safe, simple process.Entire side slope 1 is wrapped up using SNS flexible net 2 before side slope 1 is excavated and being protected, is solved big
Threat of the block rock failure to the infrastructure such as construction composition is closed on, recycles passive protection system measure, prevents SNS actively
Guard system " slipping through the net " or high cut slope excavation fritter implement Impact Foundation facility.It is excavated in 1 digging process of side slope using counter-slope 1-2
Mode that is, first on the inside of excavation slope 1, forms protection band in 1 top of the slope of side slope, crag, which is removed, to be opened using mechanical equipment to side slope 1
It digs protection facility opposite direction and strikes cleaning, reduce rock and enter safety guard net, realize the secured fashion of digging mode, construct
Safety is more preferably guaranteed.
Above to provided by the invention a kind of close to existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system and its excavation side
Method is described in detail, and the explanation of specific embodiment is merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention.It answers
It, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also be to this when pointing out
Some improvement and modification can also be carried out for invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. counter-slope system, including SNS Initiative Defence System and passive protection system are protected close to existing railway high slope active network,
It is characterized by:
The SNS Initiative Defence System is mainly by SNS flexible net, cross-brace rope, longitudinal bracing rope, suture rope and prestressed anchor
Bar composition excavates anchor pole aperture by the arrangement of direction in length and breadth in side slope, and prestressed anchor is fixed in anchor pole aperture, cross-brace
Rope and longitudinal bracing rope tie up on prestressed anchor, and SNS flexible net is connected to cross-brace rope and longitudinal bracing using suture rope
On rope, and SNS flexible net is close to side slope surface；
Groove is excavated in side slope bottom, passive protection system is set up in the trench, and the passive protection system is mainly by SNS flexibility
Net column foot, upright bar and gear backplate composition, horizontally-arranged setting several upright bar spacing hole, upright bar are injected solid in upright bar spacing hole in the trench
It is fixed, gear backplate is laterally erected between two adjacent upright bars；The SNS flexible net column foot be fixed on gear backplate avris and
Its height is higher than the height of gear backplate and upright bar.
2. as described in claim 1 close to the excavation method of existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system, feature
It is: includes the following steps:
(1) survey and construction scene, preliminary surveying understand side slope rocky condition, by crag, orphan close to the side slope area of traffic route
Stone etc. marks, and determines that SNS is actively anti-according to the importance of the side slope situation and surrounding enviroment and protection of actually examining wiping
Protecting system type；
(2) SNS Initiative Defence System is installed
1. safety rope anchor pole is arranged on side slope top or side slope middle and upper part, safety rope is restrain on safety rope anchor pole,
2. with cement grout anchoring safety rope anchor pole, setting time at least 48 hours；
3. construction personnel clears up country rock in side slope slopes using safety rope, close traffic, lower section personnel are needed before cleaning
Safety area should be withdrawn to, if having local bulk crag when cleaning, cannot clear up, should make a mark, in construction in later period, drilling operating
It will avoid constructing herein；
4. drilling anchor rod aperture mouth, side slope carries out unwrapping wire and determines anchor pole hole location, and paints paint and determine boring point, then according to side slope
The gradient, drilled using hanging basket or double-pole scaffold, drilling anchor rod aperture mouth use diameter phi 45 drill bit, hole depth rate prestressing force
1.0m, 2m, the construction of 2.5 drilling rods need to be respectively adopted in the long 5cm or more of rock-bolt length, and it is heavy on hole wall to clean out after the completion of drilling
Quarrel and water body are viscous；
5. prestressed anchor is perfused, first prestressed anchor is put into anchor pole aperture, the exposed lantern ring top of prestressed anchor is not
It can be higher by earth surface of side slope, then pour into prepared mortar in anchor pole aperture, perfusion is closely knit, is perfused when making firm by ramming, and anchor is discharged
Air in rod aperture mouth at least condenses 48 hours or more after mortar injection, it is curved that wirerope lantern ring is finally hung on anchor pole tail portion
On hook；
6. installing cross-brace rope and longitudinal bracing rope, before vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking installation, every supporting rope two is accurately measured
Hold the spacing between prestressed anchor, when vertical, horizontal supporting rope blanking its length should on the basis of measuring every root long degree both ends
Each to increase 1m, then vertical, horizontal supporting rope sequentially passes through the exposed lantern ring of prestressed anchor upper end, and vertical, horizontal supporting rope reaches
Behind the last one end of prestressed anchor, tail of rope is passed through into last root prestressed anchor, and be bent, with tightening force not less than 5KN's
Euphroe or cucurbit tensioning finally fix tail end rope card；
7. linked network sutures, SNS flexible net is tightly attached to side slope surface and is installed, and vertical, horizontal supporting rope is under SNS flexible net
Side, carries out suture connection using suture rope between SNS flexible net and vertical, horizontal supporting rope, and suture rope two ends are preferably stacked not small
In the length of 0.5m, sutures rope end and two rope cards is respectively used to connect with SNS flexible net, after formerly fixing one end in this connection procedure,
Euphroe cucurbit tensioning suture rope with tightening force not less than 5KN, then the fixed other end；
(3) the passive protection system construction in side slope hillside fields
Before construction, first the sundries of Slope bottom earth's surface is understood and flattened, then excavates row's shallow trench, and between one row's upright bar of brill
Away from hole, upright bar is injected in upright bar spacing hole and is fixed, and gear backplate is finally transversely mounted between upright bar, and gear backplate height is at least
2m；
(4) side slope first floor counter-slope excavates and the layering of SNS Initiative Defence System is removed and locked, and before slope excavating, divides layering first
It excavation height and stays and sets the counter-slope earth-retaining ridge, from top to bottom, sequence excavation slope step by step；
When first layer excavates, first on the inside of excavation slope, it is 3m that every layer, which is excavated general height, stays on the outside of side slope and sets counter-slope earth-retaining
The ridge, earth-retaining ridge width are not preferably less than 3m；Then the counter-slope earth-retaining ridge is excavated again, and keeps counter-slope low bank of earth between fields height not less than 1.5m, instead
It when earth-retaining stalk in slope excavates, hooks dig from outside to inside, native stone when to excavate rolls to counter-slope outside；When excavating the earth-retaining ridge, release
When releasing, end clip is unclamped for the SNS flexible net to match with dug layer, and with the traction vertical, horizontal support of manual Hu reed
Rope, gradually unclamps, when vertical, horizontal supporting rope is in nature suspending weight state, releases this layer of SNS flexible net, and carry out the earth-retaining ridge
It excavates, it is every to excavate one layer, the above construction is repeated, is completed until excavating；
When counter-slope excavates, part SNS flexible net is removed i.e. vertically and horizontally after supporting rope, remaining side slope outer upper opening portion
Vertically and horizontally supporting rope is suitably tightened, and it is actively anti-that rock of the protection low bank of earth between fields in the favorite outer whereabouts of digging process can enter locking SNS
It is caught in protecting system；
(5) after slope excavating, SNS Initiative Defence System complete liquidation is appeared on the scene, finally removes passive protection system.
3. according to claim 1 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that: described
The height of SNS flexible net column foot is higher than upright bar and keeps off the height of backplate, in SNS flexible net column foot towards the installation on one side of side slope side
There is cushion.
4. according to claim 3 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that: described
SNS flexible net column foot is H profile steel plate, and H profile steel plate is stood on the outside of the gear backplate of side slope side, and adjacent with H profile steel plate
Two upright bars and gear backplate be higher than other upright bars being arranged in groove and gear backplate, wherein cushion is outstanding using waste tire
H profile steel plate is hung over close to the side of gear backplate.
5. according to claim 4 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that: described
The pull rod for being fixed on side slope bottom is additionally provided on H profile steel plate.
6. according to claim 1 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that: described
Anchor pole aperture is anchor pole pit, and the upper plane in anchor pole aperture is lower than side slope upper surface.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that:
Buffer trench is additionally provided at Slope bottom.
8. the excavation method according to claim 2 close to existing railway high slope active network protection counter-slope system, special
Sign is: the cement mortar or the ratio of mud 0.45 of cement grout cement-sand ratio 1:1~1.2, the ratio of mud 0.45~0.50~
0.50 neat slurry, 425 ordinary portland cements of cement, Sha Caiyong partial size are not more than the medium-fine sand of 3mm.
9. according to claim 6 protect counter-slope system close to existing railway high slope active network, it is characterised in that: described
Anchor pole pit bore 20cm, deep 15cm.
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| CN110306571A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-08 | 中铁二十五局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of cutting excavation construction method |
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| CN114737581A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Construction method and protection system for excavating deep cutting close to railway business line |
| CN114922203A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Lattice beam prestressing force anchor rope side slope supporting construction |
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| CN114922203A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Lattice beam prestressing force anchor rope side slope supporting construction |
| CN114737581A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Construction method and protection system for excavating deep cutting close to railway business line |
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