CN109943792B - Processing method of reinforced magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Processing method of reinforced magnesium alloy Download PDF

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CN109943792B
CN109943792B CN201910283766.8A CN201910283766A CN109943792B CN 109943792 B CN109943792 B CN 109943792B CN 201910283766 A CN201910283766 A CN 201910283766A CN 109943792 B CN109943792 B CN 109943792B
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magnesium alloy
rollers
blank
alloy blank
alloy plate
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CN109943792A (en
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卢立伟
项瑶
李志高
蔡志华
吴志强
马旻
刘龙飞
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of a reinforced magnesium alloy, which comprises the following steps: 1) placing the magnesium alloy blank into a heat treatment furnace for homogenization treatment; 2) removing an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank; cleaning the magnesium alloy blank and drying; 3) heating the magnesium alloy blank obtained in the step 2) to 300-450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 min; 4) hot rolling the magnesium alloy blank; 5) the adjusting device enables the pulse power supply to form a closed loop through 2 conductive wheels contacting the magnesium alloy plate, adjusts the center distance between the two rollers and controls the bending deformation angle of the magnesium alloy plate; 6) carrying out pulse current auxiliary multiple roller bending deformation on the magnesium alloy plate after hot rolling; 7) turning off the rolling mill and the pulse power supply; 8) and reducing the temperature of the deformed magnesium alloy plate. The method has simple process and convenient operation, can uniformly refine crystal grains, can weaken texture and improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the magnesium alloy.

Description

Processing method of reinforced magnesium alloy
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy processing, and particularly relates to a processing method of a reinforced magnesium alloy.
Background
The magnesium alloy has the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness and the like, so that the magnesium alloy becomes a preferred material for reducing weight, saving energy and protecting the environment, and has wide application prospects in the fields of electronics, communication, traffic, aerospace and the like. However, the magnesium alloy has a close-packed hexagonal crystal structure and can only provide four slip systems, and cannot meet the requirement of 5 independent slip systems required by the Von-Mises criterion. Therefore, magnesium alloys have poor plastic deformability. The traditional cast magnesium alloy can not meet the requirements gradually, and the deformed magnesium alloy product produced by the processes of extrusion, forging, rolling and the like has higher strength, better ductility and more diversified mechanical properties.
Relevant research shows that rolling has been greatly developed as an important means for magnesium alloy plastic processing. The magnesium alloy is dynamically recrystallized in the rolling deformation process, new grains are generated by recrystallization to refine the material structure, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the magnesium alloy can be effectively improved. However, in the process of rolling deformation of the magnesium alloy, because the oriented flow and rotation of the crystal grains can generate preferred orientation, the plate has stronger texture tendency and anisotropy, the plasticity of the magnesium alloy is limited and restrained, a large amount of heat can be lost in the process of rolling deformation, the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is reduced, the subsequent deformation is difficult due to poorer plasticity, the problems of cracks, edge cracks and the like can be generated during the rolling of the magnesium alloy plate, the crystal grains of the magnesium alloy can be uniformly refined by the V-shaped bending and continuous bending processes, the texture is weakened, and the method is an effective method for changing the mechanical property and the formability of the magnesium alloy. When the bending deformation is too large, the material exterior is subjected to an excessive bending stress, and the material exterior is liable to bend and crack. When the metal is plastically deformed, the applied pulse current can obviously reduce the rheological stress of the metal and promote atomic diffusion to cause stress relaxation, coordinate grain boundary sliding, facilitate the recrystallization, refine grains, improve the uniformity of the structure and obviously improve the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy; the joule heat effect is generated to reduce heat dissipation and prevent the subsequent plastic deformation capacity from being reduced; effectively inhibits the formation and the diffusion of cracks, reduces the process requirement and improves the quality of the formed plate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, which has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, uniform grain refinement, weakened texture and the like, and effectively solves the problems of cracks, edge cracks and the like of the magnesium alloy blank, thereby improving the mechanical property and the processing and forming property of the magnesium alloy.
A processing method of a reinforced magnesium alloy adopts a device comprising two rollers, a plurality of rollers, a pulse power supply and two conductive wheels, wherein the two rollers are arranged up and down; the plurality of rollers are arranged behind the two rollers and between the two conductive wheels, the axes of the rollers and the conductive wheels are parallel to the axis of the rollers, and the plurality of rollers can bend the magnesium alloy blank in an S shape; the two conductive wheels can be in contact with the magnesium alloy blank, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with the two conductive wheels;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) placing the magnesium alloy blank into a heat treatment furnace for homogenization treatment;
2) removing an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank; cleaning and drying the magnesium alloy blank;
3) heating the magnesium alloy blank obtained in the step 2) to 300-450 ℃ under the condition of vacuum or with reducing protective gas, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 min;
4) carrying out hot rolling on the magnesium alloy blank, and connecting a tractor after the magnesium alloy plate obtained by hot rolling bypasses a plurality of rollers;
5) the adjusting device enables the 2 conductive wheels to contact the hot-rolled magnesium alloy plate to form a closed loop, adjusts the center distance between two adjacent rollers and controls the bending deformation angle of the magnesium alloy plate; under the traction of a traction machine, the magnesium alloy plate is subjected to pulse current auxiliary roller bending deformation for multiple times;
6) finishing the processing deformation of the magnesium alloy blank, stopping the rotation of the roller, and turning off the pulse power supply;
7) and (4) reducing the temperature of the deformed magnesium alloy plate to room temperature.
In the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, in the step 1), the homogenization treatment temperature of the magnesium alloy blank is 380-450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12-20 hours, and then the magnesium alloy blank is cooled to room temperature by water; the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate blank is 0.5-2 mm.
In the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy blank in the step 2) is polished by abrasive paper to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank; and cleaning the magnesium alloy blank by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the magnesium alloy blank by using a fan or a blower.
In the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, in the step 4), the lubricant is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the rollers, the distance between the rollers is adjusted to control the pressing amount, the pressing amount is 10-35%, and the rotating speed of the rollers is 3-12 m/min; the radius of the roller is 1-10 mm, and the width of the roller is larger than that of the rolled magnesium alloy sheet.
In the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, the distance between the adjacent rollers is adjusted in the step 5), and the bending angle of the magnesium alloy blank is controlled to be 30-150 degrees. The traction speed of the traction machine is consistent with the rolling discharging speed; before the magnesium alloy plate is bent by the roller, the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is measured by an infrared thermometer, and the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is kept at 300-450 ℃.
In the processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy, the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is reduced by using the blower in the step 7).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. on the basis of magnesium alloy rolling deformation, the invention carries out pulse current auxiliary roller bending deformation for multiple times, the grain structure of the magnesium alloy blank is continuously refined, and the orientation of the magnesium alloy blank continuously tilts correspondingly, so that the texture of the basal plane is obviously weakened, and the defects in the processing deformation process of the magnesium alloy blank can be effectively avoided, thereby achieving the purposes of uniformly refining the grain structure, weakening the texture, improving the mechanical property and improving the processing formability.
2. The invention adopts rolling processing deformation, so that the magnesium alloy blank can be dynamically recrystallized, and the crystal grains can be effectively refined.
3. The invention adds the pulse current for assistance, and can generate Joule heat effect to keep the temperature relatively stable in the plastic deformation process of the magnesium alloy blank; the diffusion of metal elements can be promoted, the energy barrier is overcome, the diffusion efficiency of metal atoms is improved, the flow stress is reduced, the recovery and recrystallization are facilitated, the texture state of the magnesium alloy can be improved, crystal grains are refined, the plasticity of the magnesium alloy is obviously improved, and the subsequent deformation is facilitated; meanwhile, the cracking and the cracks of the magnesium alloy plate can be inhibited and repaired, the process requirement is reduced, and the quality of the formed plate is improved.
4. When the roller is bent, the magnesium alloy plate moves along with the roller and freely rotates around the central point of the roller bearing; the tractor drives the magnesium alloy plate to do bending motion along the rollers and plays a role in limiting the motion direction, so that the magnesium alloy plate is unevenly deformed, but the magnesium alloy plate is continuously bent and deformed for multiple times by the rollers to enable each mass point of the magnesium alloy plate to accumulate strain, the accumulated strain is approximately the same, crystal grains can be further refined, the randomization of texture distribution is promoted, and the texture can be effectively weakened while the magnesium alloy plate forms an even fine-grained structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bending of the magnesium alloy sheet material at the rollers of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the device adopted by the invention comprises two rollers 2 and 3, five rollers 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, a pulse power supply and two conductive wheels 4 and 10, wherein the two rollers 2 and 3 are arranged up and down, and psi represents the bending angle of the magnesium alloy plate in the rollers. Five rollers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are arranged behind the two rollers 2, 3 and between the conductive wheel 4 and the conductive wheel 10, the axes of the rollers and the conductive wheel are parallel to the axis of the rollers, and the magnesium alloy plate can be bent in an S shape by the five rollers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The two conductive wheels 4 and 10 can be in contact with the magnesium alloy plate, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with the conductive wheels 4 and 10.
Example 1
Processing a magnesium alloy billet having dimensions of 1000mm x 50mm x 0.5mm, comprising the steps of:
(1) homogenizing heat treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: and (2) putting the magnesium alloy blank 1 into a heat treatment furnace, preserving the heat for 12h at 450 ℃, taking out the magnesium alloy blank, and putting the magnesium alloy blank into purified water at 25 ℃ for water cooling to room temperature.
(2) Surface treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: removing oxide skin on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1 by using a sand paper polishing method, then cleaning by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying by using a blower to prevent impurities on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1.
(3) Preheating a magnesium alloy blank: putting the magnesium alloy blank obtained in the step 2) into a vacuum muffle furnace, heating to 300 ℃, and preserving heat for 40min to ensure that the interior of the magnesium alloy blank 1 is uniformly heated.
(4) Hot rolling: and quickly placing the uniformly heated magnesium alloy blank 1 on a rolling mill for rolling deformation, wherein the speed of the rollers 2 and 3 is 3m/min, and the pressing amount is 10%. And uniformly spraying a lubricant on the surface of the roller. The magnesium alloy plate hot rolled bypasses the roller 5 and the roller 6 and then is connected with a tractor.
(5) The adjusting device comprises: the magnesium alloy plate after hot rolling is contacted with the conductive wheel 4 and the conductive wheel 10, so that the pulse power supply acts on the magnesium alloy plate after hot rolling, and the widths of the roller 5 and the roller 6 are both 60 mm; the radiuses of the 2 rollers 5 and 6 are both 8mm, and the positions of the 2 rollers 5 and 6 are adjusted to ensure that the bending angles of the magnesium alloy sheet 1 are 120 degrees uniformly.
(6) Pulse current processing: and adjusting pulse current parameters to control the temperature of the magnesium alloy blank 1 to be about 300 ℃.
(7) 2 times of roller bending deformation: and (4) respectively performing roller bending deformation on the rollers 5 and 6 under the traction of the tractor on the magnesium alloy blank 1 obtained in the step (6), wherein the speed of the tractor for pulling the magnesium alloy is the same as the rolling discharging speed.
(8) Finishing the processing deformation of the magnesium alloy blank 1, stopping the rotation of the roller, and turning off the pulse power supply;
(9) cooling treatment: and cooling the deformed magnesium alloy plate 1 by using an air blower.
Example 2
The magnesium alloy blank 1 with the size of 3000mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 1mm is processed, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) homogenizing heat treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: and (2) putting the magnesium alloy blank 1 into a heat treatment furnace, preserving the heat for 15h at 400 ℃, taking out the magnesium alloy blank, and putting the magnesium alloy blank into purified water at 25 ℃ for water cooling to room temperature.
(2) Surface treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: removing oxide skin on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1 by using a sand paper polishing method, then cleaning by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying by using a blower to prevent impurities on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1.
(3) Preheating a magnesium alloy blank: and (3) putting the material obtained in the step (2) into a vacuum muffle furnace, heating to 400 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min to uniformly heat the interior of the magnesium alloy blank 1.
(4) Hot rolling: and (3) quickly placing the uniformly heated magnesium alloy blank on a rolling mill for rolling deformation, wherein the speed of the rollers 2 and 3 is 8m/min, and the pressing amount is 20%. And uniformly spraying a lubricant on the surface of the roller. The magnesium alloy plate hot rolled bypasses the roller 5, the roller 6 and the roller 7 and then is connected with a tractor.
(5) The adjusting device comprises: the magnesium alloy sheet after hot rolling is contacted with the conductive wheel 4 and the conductive wheel 10, so that the pulse power supply acts on the magnesium alloy sheet after hot rolling, the widths of the rollers 5, 6 and 7 are 50mm, the radiuses of 3 rollers 5, 6 and 7 are respectively 8mm, 1mm and 5mm, and the bending angles of the magnesium alloy sheet 1 are respectively 150 degrees, 30 degrees and 90 degrees by adjusting the positions of 3 rollers 5, 6 and 7.
(6) Pulse current processing: and adjusting pulse current parameters to keep the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate at about 400 ℃.
(7) 3 times of roller bending deformation: and (4) respectively performing roller bending deformation on the rollers 5, 6 and 7 under the traction of the tractor (the speed of the tractor for pulling the magnesium alloy is the same as the rolling discharging speed).
(8) Finishing the processing deformation of the magnesium alloy blank 1, stopping the rotation of the roller, and turning off the pulse power supply;
(9) cooling treatment: and cooling the magnesium alloy plate 1 after the deformation treatment by using an air blower.
Example 3
The magnesium alloy blank 1 with the size of 5000mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 2mm is processed, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) homogenizing heat treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: and (2) putting the magnesium alloy blank 1 into a heat treatment furnace, preserving the heat for 20h at 380 ℃, taking out the magnesium alloy blank, and putting the magnesium alloy blank into purified water at 25 ℃ for water cooling to room temperature.
(2) Surface treatment of the magnesium alloy blank: removing oxide skin on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1 by using a sand paper polishing method, then cleaning by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying by using a blower to prevent impurities on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank 1.
(3) Preheating a magnesium alloy blank: and (3) putting the material obtained in the step (2) into a vacuum muffle furnace, heating to 450 ℃, and preserving heat for 20min to uniformly heat the interior of the magnesium alloy blank 1.
(4) Hot rolling: and quickly placing the uniformly heated magnesium alloy blank 1 on a rolling mill for rolling deformation, wherein the speed of the rollers 2 and 3 is 12m/min, and the pressing amount is 35%. And uniformly spraying a lubricant on the surface of the roller. The magnesium alloy plate hot rolled bypasses the roller 5, the roller 6, the roller 7 and the roller 8 and then is connected with a tractor.
(5) The adjusting device comprises: the magnesium alloy plate after hot rolling is contacted with the conductive wheel 4 and the conductive wheel 10, so that a pulse power supply acts on the magnesium alloy plate after hot rolling, the widths of the rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8 are all 30mm, the radiuses of the 4 rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively 10mm, 4mm, 5mm and 8mm, and the positions of the 4 rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8 are adjusted to enable the bending angles of the magnesium alloy blank 1 to be respectively 150 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees.
(6) Pulse current processing: and adjusting pulse current parameters to keep the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate at about 450 ℃.
(7) 4 times of roller bending deformation: and (4) under the traction of a traction machine, sequentially performing roller bending deformation on the rollers 5, 6, 7 and 8, wherein the speed of the traction machine for pulling the magnesium alloy is the same as the rolling discharging speed.
(8) Finishing the processing deformation of the magnesium alloy blank 1, stopping the rotation of the roller, and turning off the pulse power supply;
(9) cooling treatment: and cooling the magnesium alloy plate 1 after the deformation treatment by using an air blower.

Claims (6)

1. A processing method of a reinforced magnesium alloy adopts a device comprising two rollers, a plurality of rollers, a pulse power supply and two conductive wheels, wherein the two rollers are arranged up and down; the plurality of rollers are arranged behind the two rollers and between the two conductive wheels, the axes of the rollers and the conductive wheels are parallel to the axis of the rollers, and the plurality of rollers can bend the magnesium alloy blank in an S shape; the two conductive wheels can be in contact with the magnesium alloy blank, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with the two conductive wheels;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) placing the magnesium alloy blank into a heat treatment furnace for homogenization treatment;
2) removing an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank; cleaning and drying the magnesium alloy blank;
3) heating the magnesium alloy blank obtained in the step 2) to 300-450 ℃ under the condition of vacuum or with reducing protective gas, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 min;
4) carrying out hot rolling on the magnesium alloy blank, and connecting a tractor after the magnesium alloy plate obtained by hot rolling bypasses a plurality of rollers;
5) the adjusting device enables the 2 conductive wheels to contact the hot-rolled magnesium alloy plate to form a closed loop, adjusts the center distance between two adjacent rollers and controls the bending deformation angle of the magnesium alloy plate; under the traction of a traction machine, the magnesium alloy plate is subjected to pulse current auxiliary roller bending deformation for multiple times;
6) finishing the processing deformation of the magnesium alloy blank, stopping the rotation of the roller, and turning off the pulse power supply;
7) and (4) reducing the temperature of the deformed magnesium alloy plate to room temperature.
2. The processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the homogenization treatment temperature of the magnesium alloy blank is 380-450 ℃, the heat preservation time is 12-20 h, and then the magnesium alloy blank is cooled to room temperature by water; the thickness of the magnesium alloy plate blank is 0.5-2 mm.
3. The processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the magnesium alloy blank is ground by sand paper to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium alloy blank; and cleaning the magnesium alloy blank by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the magnesium alloy blank by using a fan or a blower.
4. The processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the lubricant is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the rolls, the distance between the rolls is adjusted to control the pressing amount, the pressing amount is 10-35%, and the rotating speed of the rolls is 3-12 m/min; the radius of the roller is 1-10 mm, and the width of the roller is larger than that of the rolled magnesium alloy plate.
5. The processing method of the reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the distance between the adjacent rollers is adjusted, the bending angle of the magnesium alloy blank is controlled to be 30-150 degrees, and the traction speed of the tractor is kept consistent with the rolling discharge speed; before the magnesium alloy plate is bent by the roller, the temperature of the magnesium alloy blank is measured by an infrared thermometer, and the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is kept at 300-450 ℃.
6. The method for processing the reinforced magnesium alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is reduced by a blower in step 7).
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CN114160625B (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-09-23 吉林大学 Pulse current assisted rapid bending forming method for magnesium alloy pipe

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