CN109943325B - Method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse, and belongs to the technical field of red light carbon quantum dots. Uniformly mixing grape vinasse and deionized water, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, and carrying out heating reaction at 200-300 ℃ for 0.5-2 h to obtain a reaction product A; cooling the reaction product A to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by using a filter screen to obtain an organic matter solution B; heating the organic matter solution B at the constant temperature of 200-300 ℃ for reaction until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C; and adding the modifier into the reaction product C, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, standing the mixed solution D, taking supernatant liquor, centrifuging, standing again, and taking the supernatant liquor to obtain the red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier. The red light carbon quantum dots are prepared by pyrolysis with grape vinasse as a carbon source, and the fluorescence wavelength and the fluorescence quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots are regulated and controlled by respectively using ethanol, oxalic acid or sodium hydroxide solution as a modifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse, and belongs to the technical field of red light carbon quantum dots.
Background
The carbon quantum dots are carbon nanoparticles with the size of less than 10nm, have excellent fluorescence characteristics and unique chemical, electronic and optical properties. Compared with the traditional dye molecules and semiconductor quantum dots, the dye has the important characteristics of good light resistance and flashing photobleaching performance, low toxicity, low cost, good biocompatibility, good light stability and the like. Therefore, the carbon quantum dots can be widely applied to the fields of photoelectronic devices, energy conversion, photocatalysis, sensors, biological imaging, cell marking, drug delivery and the like as high-grade fluorescent nano materials, have great application potential and wide prospect, and are concerned by academia and industry.
Due to the outstanding advantages of the carbon quantum dots in the relevant fields of optics and the like, the synthesis process and the preparation method of the carbon quantum dots become research hotspots. Different carbon sources are selected, and the method for preparing the carbon quantum dots is different and generally divided into two main types, namely top-down and bottom-up. The top-down method is mainly to peel off large granular carbon by a physical or chemical method to obtain carbon nano particles with small grain diameter, and generally adopts graphite, graphite oxide, carbon nano tubes and the like as carbon sources, so that the method has high raw material cost, complex preparation process and post-treatment process, and is difficult to realize the large-scale production of the carbon quantum dots. The bottom-up method is to directly synthesize carbon quantum dots by using organic matters as carbon sources, and the common methods include a pyrolysis method, a microwave method, a combustion method and the like. The morphology and the fluorescence property of the carbon quantum dots prepared by the method are influenced by factors such as surface states, edge states and doping types, a large number of surface defects and edge groups are often introduced, so that the carbon quantum dots generate a large number of fluorescence centers and non-radiation centers, and the fluorescence wavelength and the quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots can be modulated by regulating the types and the relative number of the two centers. However, a method for accurately regulating surface defects and edge groups does not exist at present, the fluorescence wavelength of the carbon quantum dots prepared by the prior art is mainly concentrated in a wavelength band of 410-550 nm (blue-green light), the carbon quantum dots capable of emitting red fluorescence are few, the fluorescence quantum yield is low, the requirements of practical application cannot be met, and the carbon source of most of the red fluorescence carbon quantum dots is a chemical substance and has the common problem of environmental protection.
The vinasse of grapes is a byproduct generated after winery uses grapes for brewing, and comprises grape skin, grape seeds, insoluble tartrate generated in the brewing or ripening process and the like. In the wine production process, clear wine is separated from the vinasse of the grapes immediately after fermentation to avoid yeast decomposition, which then goes to the clarification and stabilization process. The separated grape vinasse accounts for about 10% of the grape raw material, has huge yield and rich nutrition, and can be used for extracting nutrient substances such as polyhydroxy phenol, amino acid, vitamin, tannin, anthocyanin and the like. However, since tartaric acid salt and other substances are mixed in the grape wine lees, the grape wine lees are acidic, easy to decay and deteriorate and difficult to store for a long time. If the grape vinasse is directly applied to soil as an organic fertilizer, not only soil decay or environmental pollution can be caused, but also resource waste can be caused. At present, only a few parts of grape vinasse are used for extracting nutrient substances such as polyhydroxy phenol, amino acid, vitamin, anthocyanin and the like, the rest residues are fermented to produce feed or be used as a biological organic fertilizer, or the grape vinasse is used for biodegradable plastics, and relevant reports of synthesizing carbon quantum dots by the grape vinasse are not seen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse, which aims to solve the problems of resource utilization of grape vinasse and difficulty in preparation of red carbon quantum dots in the prior art. The red light carbon quantum dot prepared by pyrolyzing the grape vinasse has high fluorescence quantum yield, the whole process of the raw materials-the preparation process-the carbon quantum dot is energy-saving and environment-friendly, the resource utilization of the grape vinasse can be realized, the industrial chain of the grape wine is extended, and economic, ecological and social benefits are generated.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) uniformly mixing grape vinasse and deionized water, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 200-300 ℃ at a constant speed, and carrying out heating reaction for 0.5-2 h at the temperature range to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 200-300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting in the temperature range until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, standing the mixed solution D, taking supernatant liquid, centrifuging, standing again, and taking the supernatant liquid to obtain the red light carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier.
The solid-to-liquid ratio g: mL of the grape wine lees and the deionized water in the step (1) is (1:1) - (1: 3);
the aperture of the filter screen in the step (2) is 100-200 meshes;
the modifier in the step (4) is ethanol, oxalic acid solution or sodium hydroxide solution;
further, the ethanol is analytically pure, the concentration of an oxalic acid solution is 1-8 g/L, and the concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution is 1-8 g/L;
the rotating speed of the centrifugal treatment in the step (4) is 10000-12000 r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 20-30 min;
the volume ratio of the modifying agent to the reaction product C in the step (4) is (10-15): 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method takes grape vinasse as a precursor, prepares the carbon quantum dots through simple pyrolysis reaction, and respectively takes ethanol, oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide solution as modifiers to adjust the fluorescence wavelength and the fluorescence quantum yield of the carbon quantum dots;
(2) according to the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared by pyrolyzing the grape vinasse, the energy is saved and the environment is protected in the whole process from the raw materials-the preparation process-the carbon quantum dots, the effective utilization of the grape vinasse is realized, and the industrial chain of the grape wine can be extended;
(3) the red-light carbon quantum dots synthesized by pyrolysis have high fluorescence quantum yield, good water solubility, dispersibility and light stability, low toxicity, high crystallinity and uniform size; can be applied to the fields of cell marking, biological imaging, fluorescent probes, photoluminescence and electroluminescence films and devices and the like;
(4) the method can solve the problems of complex preparation process, high cost and low fluorescence quantum yield of red light carbon quantum dots obtained in the prior art, and simultaneously solves the problems of soil decay or environmental pollution caused by direct application of grape vinasse into soil and resource waste;
(5) the red light carbon quantum dots are synthesized by pyrolysis by using the grape vinasse as the carbon source, and the red light carbon quantum dots are easily obtained in raw materials, rich in resources, green and environment-friendly, simple in synthesis process, low in cost, short in reaction time, energy-saving and time-saving, and suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of the surface morphology (a) and lattice fringes (b) of the red light carbon quantum dots and a particle size distribution graph (c) thereof in example 1;
FIG. 2 is the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red light carbon quantum dot in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of red light carbon quantum dots of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a C1s high resolution scanning spectrum of the red light carbon quantum dots of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a high resolution scanning spectrum of the red light carbon quantum dot N1s in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the absorption spectra (UV-vis) of carbon quantum dots of examples 1-3;
FIG. 7 shows the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots in example 1;
FIG. 8 is the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots of example 2;
FIG. 9 shows the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots in example 3;
FIG. 10 shows the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots of example 4;
FIG. 11 is the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots of example 5;
FIG. 12 is the fluorescence spectrum of carbon quantum dots of example 6;
FIG. 13 is a graph comparing fluorescence spectra (PL) of carbon quantum dots of examples 1-6 excited by monochromatic light with a wavelength of 420 nm;
fig. 14 is a chromaticity diagram of carbon quantum dots synthesized in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1: the grape wine lees used in the present example were grape wine lees without secondary distillation
A method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grape vinasse and deionized water were mixed at a ratio of 1 g: uniformly mixing 1mL of solid-liquid ratio, putting the mixture into an open container, heating the mixture to 300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating the mixture at a constant temperature for 0.5h to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen with the aperture of 100 meshes to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating at the constant temperature of 300 ℃ for reaction until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier (ethanol) into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, magnetically stirring the mixed solution D for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, standing, taking supernatant, carrying out centrifugal treatment, standing again, and taking supernatant to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier (ethanol); wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal treatment is 12000r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 20 min; the volume ratio of the modifier (ethanol) to the reaction product C is 10: 1;
in the present example, the surface topography of the red-light carbon quantum dot is shown in fig. 1(a), the TEM image of the lattice fringes is shown in fig. 1(b), and as can be seen from fig. 1(a) - (b), the carbon quantum dot has good dispersibility and crystallinity, the lattice fringes are clear, and the spacing between crystal planes is 0.21nm, which corresponds to the graphene (1120) plane; the particle size distribution of the red-light carbon quantum dots is shown in fig. 1 (c). As can be seen from FIG. 1(c), the size distribution of the carbon quantum dots is 3 to 9nm, and the average particle diameter thereof is 6.51 nm;
as shown in fig. 2, the X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the red carbon quantum dot obtained in this example is a single broad pattern, and the peak position is at 24.8 ° at 2 θ, which corresponds to the diffraction of the (002) plane of the graphite crystal grains, as seen from fig. 2. An XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectrum does not have impurity peaks, which shows that the prepared carbon quantum dots have high crystallinity;
the full spectrum of the red carbon quantum dot X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) obtained in this example is shown in FIG. 3. from FIG. 3, it can be seen that the three peaks at 284.8eV, 400.1eV and 534.8eV belong to the carbon core sp2C1s, N1s and O1s of the region, and the atomic percentages of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen of the surface composition elements of the carbon quantum dots are 54.48%, 43.64% and 1.88% respectively through analysis;
fig. 4 shows a high resolution scanning spectrum of the red carbon quantum dot C1s obtained in this embodiment, fig. 5 shows a high resolution scanning spectrum of the red carbon quantum dot N1s obtained in this embodiment, and fig. 4 to 5 show that peak positions of the high resolution scanning spectrum C1s at 284.8eV, 286.8eV and 288.1eV correspond to binding energies of C-C/C ═ C, C-O and O-C ═ O bonds, respectively; the peak positions of the high resolution scan spectrum N1s at 398.2eV, 400.1eV and 402.3eV correspond to Pyridinic N, Pyrrolic N and Amidic N, respectively.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the modifying agent was replaced with oxalic acid solution at a concentration of 1.8g/L, and the other conditions were unchanged.
Example 3
On the basis of example 1, the modifier was replaced with sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 1.8g/L, and the other conditions were unchanged.
The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of the red carbon quantum dots of examples 1-3 are shown in FIG. 6, and the absorption peaks in FIG. 6 are all concentrated in the ultraviolet region of 200-400 nm; the fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dots in example 1 is shown in figure 7, the fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dots in example 2 is shown in figure 8, and the fluorescence spectrum of the carbon quantum dots in example 3 is shown in figure 9; as can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 9, the fluorescence peak is concentrated in the wavelength band of 600 to 750nm, and belongs to the red fluorescent carbon quantum dot. Under the same test conditions, the carbon quantum dots dispersed in the three modifiers of ethanol, oxalic acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution all show the strongest fluorescence emission under the excitation of monochromatic light with the wavelength of 420nm, and compared with the carbon quantum dots prepared in the examples 2 and 3, the carbon quantum dots dispersed in the ethanol solution prepared in the example 1 have the strongest absorption and the strongest fluorescence.
Example 4: in order to fully utilize the grape wine lees and save resources in a grape wine factory, carrying out secondary distillation on the grape wine lees to extract some residual nutrient components in the grape wine lees, wherein the grape wine lees are secondarily distilled grape wine lees;
a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grape vinasse and deionized water were mixed at a ratio of 1 g: uniformly mixing 1mL of solid-liquid ratio, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting at a constant temperature for 0.5h to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen with the aperture of 100 meshes to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating at the constant temperature of 300 ℃ for reaction until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier (ethanol) into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, magnetically stirring the mixed solution D for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, standing, taking supernatant, carrying out centrifugal treatment, standing again, and taking supernatant to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier (ethanol); wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal treatment is 12000r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 20 min; the modifier (ethanol) is analytically pure, and the volume ratio of the modifier (ethanol) to the reaction product C is 10: 1.
Example 5
On the basis of example 4, the modifying agent was replaced with oxalic acid solution at a concentration of 1.8g/L, and the other conditions were unchanged.
Example 6
On the basis of example 4, the modifier was replaced with sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 1.8g/L, and the other conditions were unchanged.
The fluorescence spectrum (PL) of the carbon quantum dots in example 4 is shown in FIG. 10, the fluorescence spectrum (PL) of the carbon quantum dots in example 5 is shown in FIG. 11, and the fluorescence spectrum (PL) of the carbon quantum dots in example 6 is shown in FIG. 12, and as can be seen from FIGS. 10 to 12, the fluorescence ranges of the carbon quantum dots are also concentrated in the visible light region of 600 to 750nm and belong to red fluorescent carbon quantum dots; under the same test condition, the carbon quantum dots dispersed in three modifiers, namely ethanol, oxalic acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution, all emit strongest fluorescence under the excitation of monochromatic light with the wavelength of 420 nm; the carbon quantum dots dispersed in the ethanol solution prepared in example 4 have the strongest fluorescence intensity compared to the carbon quantum dots prepared in examples 5 and 6;
FIG. 13 shows a comparison graph of fluorescence spectra (PL) of carbon quantum dots in examples 1-6 under excitation of monochromatic light with a wavelength of 420nm, and it can be seen from FIG. 13 that the carbon quantum dots prepared by pyrolysis are dispersed in an ethanol solution with strongest fluorescence by using grape wine lees as a carbon source; the secondarily distilled grape vinasse is used as a carbon source, and carbon quantum dots prepared by pyrolysis are dispersed in the oxalic acid solution, so that the fluorescence is weakest; the carbon quantum dots prepared by using the non-distilled grape vinasse as the carbon source generally have stronger fluorescence than the carbon quantum dots prepared by using the distilled grape vinasse as the carbon source; the secondary distillation reduces the amino acid, vitamin, polyhydroxy phenolic compound and other components in the grape vinasse, so that the yield of the synthesized carbon quantum dots is reduced, and the fluorescence intensity is weakened;
the chromaticity diagram of the carbon quantum dot of example 1 is shown in fig. 14, and it can be seen from fig. 14 that the water-soluble carbon quantum dot is a typical photoluminescence red fluorescent carbon quantum dot.
Table 1 shows a comparison table of preparation process parameters of carbon quantum dots of examples 1-6 of the present invention. As can be seen from Table 1, the fluorescence wavelengths corresponding to the carbon quantum dots prepared in examples 1-6 all belong to the red light band.
TABLE 1
Example 7: a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grape vinasse and deionized water were mixed at a ratio of 1 g: uniformly mixing 2mL of solid-liquid ratio, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 260 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting at a constant temperature for 1h to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 260 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating at the constant temperature of 260 ℃ for reaction until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier (ethanol) into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, magnetically stirring the mixed solution D for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, standing, taking supernatant, carrying out centrifugal treatment, standing again, and taking supernatant to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier (ethanol); wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal treatment is 11000r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 25 min; the modifier (ethanol) was analytically pure, and the volume ratio of modifier (ethanol) to reaction product C was 15: 1.
Example 8: a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grape vinasse and deionized water were mixed at a ratio of 1 g: uniformly mixing 3mL of solid-liquid ratio, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 230 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting at a constant temperature for 1h to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) at a constant speed to 230 ℃, and heating at the constant temperature of 230 ℃ for reaction until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier (oxalic acid solution) into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, magnetically stirring the mixed solution D for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, standing, taking supernatant, carrying out centrifugal treatment, standing again, and taking the supernatant to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier (oxalic acid solution); wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is 10000r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 30 min; the concentration of the modifier (oxalic acid solution) was 7.2g/L, and the volume ratio of the modifier (oxalic acid solution) to the reaction product C was 15: 1.
Example 9: a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grape vinasse and deionized water were mixed at a ratio of 1 g: uniformly mixing 3mL of solid-liquid ratio, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting for 2 hours at a constant temperature to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 200 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating at the constant temperature of 200 ℃ to react until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier (sodium hydroxide solution) into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, magnetically stirring the mixed solution D for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, standing, taking supernatant, centrifuging, standing again, and taking supernatant to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier (sodium hydroxide solution); wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is 10000r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 30 min; the concentration of the modifier (sodium hydroxide solution) was 3.6g/L, and the volume ratio of the modifier (sodium hydroxide solution) to the reaction product C was 15: 1.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots by using grape vinasse is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) uniformly mixing grape vinasse and deionized water, putting the mixture into an open container for heating, raising the temperature to 200-300 ℃ at a constant speed, and carrying out heating reaction for 0.5-2 h in the temperature range to obtain a reaction product A;
(2) cooling the reaction product A in the step (1) to room temperature, and intercepting and filtering particulate matters by adopting a filter screen to obtain an organic matter solution B;
(3) heating the organic matter solution B in the step (2) to 200-300 ℃ at a constant speed, and heating and reacting in the temperature range until the organic matter is dehydrated, dehydrogenated, carbonized and discolored to obtain a reaction product C;
(4) adding a modifier into the reaction product C obtained in the step (3), uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution D, standing, taking supernatant liquid, centrifuging, then standing, and taking the supernatant liquid to obtain red fluorescent carbon quantum dots dispersed in the modifier; wherein the modifier is ethanol, oxalic acid solution or sodium hydroxide solution.
2. The method for preparing the red light carbon quantum dots by using the vinasse of grapes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the mixture of the grape wine lees and the deionized water in the step (1) is (1:1) - (1:3) g: mL.
3. The method for preparing the red light carbon quantum dots by using the vinasse of grapes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the aperture of the filter screen in the step (2) is 100-200 meshes.
4. The method for preparing the red light carbon quantum dots by using the vinasse of grapes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ethanol is analytically pure, the concentration of the oxalic acid solution is 1-8 g/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-8 g/L.
5. The method for preparing the red light carbon quantum dots by using the vinasse of grapes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rotating speed of the centrifugal treatment in the step (4) is 10000-12000 r/min, and the time of the centrifugal treatment is 20-30 min.
6. The method for preparing the red light carbon quantum dots by using the vinasse of grapes according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the modifying agent to the reaction product C in the step (4) is (10-15): 1.
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