CN109936869B - Full-digital open-loop automatic gain control method and device for burst communication - Google Patents

Full-digital open-loop automatic gain control method and device for burst communication Download PDF

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CN109936869B
CN109936869B CN201910065734.0A CN201910065734A CN109936869B CN 109936869 B CN109936869 B CN 109936869B CN 201910065734 A CN201910065734 A CN 201910065734A CN 109936869 B CN109936869 B CN 109936869B
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李薿
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Sichuan Andi Technology Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

A full digital open loop automatic gain control method and device for burst communication, the method includes: starting an AGC gain adjustment function, acquiring initial power when a signal is started, calculating initial power deviation, processing an initial output sample, calculating signal equivalent iterative average power at the moment k when k is greater than L, selecting a step length according to the power deviation, calculating a power adjustment coefficient, and obtaining a voltage gain coefficient. The device comprises an AGC burst detector and an AGC estimator, wherein the AGC estimator structurally comprises an energy detector, an error detector, a step size addresser and a voltage converter. The invention provides an off-line open-loop model and realizes on-line operation of the model, the model has the advantages of high convergence speed, high output precision, good stability and easy engineering, and the comparison error with an ideal AGC model can be adjusted according to the environment.

Description

Full-digital open-loop automatic gain control method and device for burst communication
Technical Field
The present invention relates to digital signal processing technology, and more particularly to power control, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for full digital open loop automatic gain control for burst communication.
Background
Before a digital receiver receives a signal, the power of the received signal fluctuates widely due to various factors. In order to ensure that the subsequent modules of the receiver system can work normally, an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) function needs to be added to the front end of the receiver to solve the large-scale fluctuation of the received signal. For burst communication, the on-line closed-loop AGC controller has the problems of low convergence speed, large time delay, self-oscillation and the like.
The basic structure of the all-digital burst AGC control module is shown in fig. 1. The digital AGC of the burst communication mode is composed of a burst signal detection module, a gain estimation module and a control module. Let k time sample Xi(k) Energy of Ei(k) Then the average power of the input signal is:
Figure GDA0003125470530000011
let reference voltage be ucThe relationship between control voltage and power is P ═ g (u), where P is the power of the signal, functionThe number g is monotonous. The desired reference power of the AGC system is Pr＝g(uc) Gain factor in gain adjustment module
Figure GDA0003125470530000012
The overhead of computing and storage resources is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides a full-digital open-loop automatic gain control method and a full-digital open-loop automatic gain control device for burst communication, which have the advantages of fast convergence, high output precision, good stability and low calculation complexity, and avoid the defects of a closed-loop algorithm.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an all-digital open-loop automatic gain control method for burst communication, comprising the steps of:
s1 initialization power adjustment coefficient D L1 and reference signal power Pr；
S2, when L samples are inputted, calculating average power of first L inputted samples of the burst signal at the time k-L
Figure GDA0003125470530000021
Starting an AGC gain control mode;
s3, when k is larger than L, calculating the energy sum of the first L input samples of the burst signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000022
And the energy E of the kth sample of the k-time burst signali(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)；
S4, calculating the average power of L input samples before the k time
Figure GDA0003125470530000023
And sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)＝Ei(k)-Ei(k-L)；
S5, average power of first L input samples according to k-1 time
Figure GDA0003125470530000024
Sample energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000025
Figure GDA0003125470530000026
S6, according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000027
And reference signal power PrCalculating the power deviation e at the time kk：
Figure GDA0003125470530000028
S7, power deviation e according to k timekSelecting the kth power step size muk；
S8, according to the k-th power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk：
Dk＝μkDk-1
S9, adjusting coefficient D according to power at time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000029
Figure GDA0003125470530000031
S10, voltage gain coefficient according to k time
Figure GDA0003125470530000032
Adjusting the voltage;
the output samples are
Figure GDA0003125470530000033
Output power
Figure GDA0003125470530000034
S11, if k is less than or equal to the total length L of the signalbReturning to S3 to perform loop processing; otherwise, stopping.
Before the signal is input, a protective prefix tpr with a certain length is added,
Figure GDA0003125470530000035
TAGCand T is the signal sampling period.
The invention provides a full digital open loop automatic gain control device for burst communication, which is characterized by comprising a burst signal detector and a gain estimation and controller, wherein the gain estimation and controller comprises an energy detector, an error detector, a step length mapper, a gain estimator and a voltage converter.
A burst signal detector for detecting arrival of the signal and calculating average power of L input samples before k-1 time
Figure GDA0003125470530000036
And energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)。
An energy detector for detecting energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L) calculating the sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)。
An error detector for detecting the average power of the first L samples according to the k-1 time
Figure GDA0003125470530000037
Sample(s)Energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000038
And according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000039
And reference signal power PrObtaining the power deviation e at the moment kk。
Step size mapper for power deviation e according to k timekSelecting the kth power step size muk。
A gain estimator for estimating a gain according to the kth power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk。
A voltage converter for adjusting the coefficient D according to the power at time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000041
And according to the voltage gain coefficient at the time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000042
The voltage is adjusted.
The burst signal detector is connected with the energy detector and the error detector respectively, the energy detector is connected with the error detector, the error detector is connected with the step length mapper, the step length mapper is connected with the gain estimator, and the gain estimator is connected with the voltage converter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the off-line open-loop model is provided and is on-line, the model has the advantages of high convergence speed, high output precision, good stability and easy engineering, and the comparison error with an ideal AGC model can be adjusted according to the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic structure of a burst AGC control block.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an all-digital open-loop automatic gain control apparatus for burst communication according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of output power for an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the MSE versus EsN0 of the gain control result of the present invention versus the gain control result of an ideal AGC.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an all-digital open-loop automatic gain control device for burst communication, as shown in fig. 2, comprising a burst signal detector and a gain estimation and controller, wherein the gain estimation and controller comprises an energy detector, an error detector, a step size mapper, a gain estimator and a voltage converter.
A burst signal detector for detecting arrival of the signal and calculating average power of L input samples before k-1 time
Figure GDA0003125470530000051
And energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)；
An energy detector for detecting energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L) calculating the sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)；
An error detector for detecting the average power of the first L samples according to the k-1 time
Figure GDA0003125470530000052
Sample energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000053
And according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000054
And reference signal power PrObtaining the power deviation e at the moment kk；
Step size mappingEmitter for power deviation e according to time kkSelecting the kth power step size muk；
A gain estimator for estimating a gain according to the kth power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk；
A voltage converter for adjusting the coefficient D according to the power at time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000055
And according to the voltage gain coefficient at the time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000056
The voltage is adjusted.
The burst signal detector is connected with the energy detector and the error detector respectively, the energy detector is connected with the error detector, the error detector is connected with the step length mapper, the step length mapper is connected with the gain estimator, and the gain estimator is connected with the voltage converter.
Wherein: equivalent iterative average power of signal at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000057
Figure GDA0003125470530000058
Wherein: power deviation at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000059
Wherein: power adjustment coefficient D at time kk＝μkDk-1。
Wherein: voltage gain factor
Figure GDA00031254705300000510
Wherein: average power of L input samples before time k-1
Figure GDA00031254705300000511
According to
Figure GDA00031254705300000512
And (c) calculating, wherein,
Figure GDA00031254705300000513
is the energy sum of the first L input samples of the burst signal at time k,
Figure GDA0003125470530000061
the invention also provides a full digital open loop automatic gain control method for burst communication, which has the following design concept:
obtaining the average power P (k) of the input signal at the moment k through an energy detection module, and comparing the average power P (k) with the reference signal power PrComparison was carried out:
Figure GDA0003125470530000062
error e is obtained by a comparison circuitkThen, the estimation module addresses the output power adjustment coefficient DkAdjusting the input signal Xi(k) And an energy accumulation E (k), wherein
Figure GDA0003125470530000063
The variable step length adjustment method divides the range of the error value, and the smaller the error is, the smaller the corresponding step length setting is; and selecting a proper adjustment step length according to the magnitude of the error value until the convergence coefficient approaches the theoretical coefficient and is stable.
For a length LbOff-line burst signal processing of (1), setting model convergence time to be TAGCAnd the signal sampling period is T, the following algorithm is adopted:
in a first step, the average power of the input signal at the start time is calculated.
The total energy of the signal is E (1) ═ E (L)b) Signal power of P (L)b),LbFor the total length of the signal, the initial adjustment factor D 11, the output power at that moment
P(1)＝D1·P(Lb)
And secondly, calculating the power deviation at the k moment. When k is greater than or equal to 2, the power deviation is
ek＝P(k-1)-Pr
Wherein P (k-1) is the output power at the last moment.
And thirdly, selecting a step length according to the power deviation and calculating a power adjustment coefficient.
According to ekSelecting a power step mu at a time kk；
The adjustment coefficient at the k-1 st time is Dk-1The k-th adjustment coefficient is DkThen there is
Dk＝Dk-1·μk,Ek＝Dk·E(Lb)
And fourthly, processing the sample according to the adjusting coefficient.
Since the iterative input power at this time is P (k-1), the output power
P(k)＝μk·P(k-1)＝Dk·P(Lb)
Outputting the sample
Xo(k)＝g-1(Dk)·Xi(k)＝A(k)·Xi(k)
Wherein A (k) is a voltage gain coefficient, and A (k) is g-1(Dk)。
And fifthly, judging whether the output is converged.
If it is
Figure GDA0003125470530000071
Then D isk＝Dk_1At this time have
P(k)≈Pr
Outputting the sample
Figure GDA0003125470530000072
Voltage gain factor
Figure GDA0003125470530000073
If it is
Figure GDA0003125470530000074
And returning to the second step.
Off-line burst signal processing has two advantages:
1. the stability is good;
2. the convergence speed is very fast, and the convergence length is generally less than 20 samples.
The result convergence of the off-line processing of the signals is faster and more stable than the convergence of the existing on-line processing algorithm, but the off-line processing method has overlarge limitation in engineering application.
Based on this, a specific implementation step of the all-digital open-loop automatic gain control method for burst communication provided by the present invention is as follows:
first, initialize the power adjustment coefficient D L1, reference signal power Pr；
Second, when inputting L samples, calculating average power of first L input samples of burst signal at time k-L
Figure GDA0003125470530000081
Starting an AGC gain control mode;
thirdly, when k is larger than L, calculating the energy sum of the first L input samples of the burst signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000082
And the energy E of the kth sample of the k-time burst signali(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)；
Fourthly, calculating the average power of L input samples before the k time
Figure GDA0003125470530000083
And sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)＝Ei(k)-Ei(k-L)；
The fifth step, according to the average power of the first L input samples at the k-1 moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000084
Sample energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k_1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000085
Figure GDA0003125470530000086
Sixthly, according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure GDA0003125470530000087
And reference signal power PrCalculating the power deviation e at the time kk：
Figure GDA0003125470530000091
Seventh step, according to the power deviation e of k timekSelecting the kth power step size muk；
Eighth step, according to the kth power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk：
Dk＝μkDk_1
Ninth, according to the power adjustment coefficient D at the time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000092
Figure GDA0003125470530000093
Tenth, according to the voltage gain coefficient at the time k
Figure GDA0003125470530000094
Adjusting the voltage;
the output samples are
Figure GDA0003125470530000095
Output power
Figure GDA0003125470530000096
The tenth step, if k is less than or equal to the total length L of the signalbReturning to the third step for circular treatment; otherwise, stopping.
When the algorithm has converged, the algorithm is,
Figure GDA0003125470530000097
because the algorithm needs to receive L samples in advance and then converge for a certain time, in order to ensure that the signal characteristics are not affected, it is necessary that before the algorithm converges, the output signal samples are not valid data, that is, a protection prefix with a certain length is added before the signal. The design requirement for the protection prefix tpr is
Figure GDA0003125470530000098
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the output power of an embodiment of a fast convergence all-digital burst agc device according to the present invention.
The input signal modulation mode is 8PSK, the modulation code rate is 2/3, the signal length is 3304, the reference voltage is 1V, and the reference power Pr1W, AGC start gate length L120, signal detection using burstSignaling double sliding window adaptive threshold blind detection. When k is less than or equal to 880, the input signals are all noise; when k is 881, the signal starts to enter the AGC model and passes through the blind detection of double sliding windows, when k is equal tooWhen the detection is successful at 1039, the AGC gain adjustment function is started, and the k-th time is startedo-time L919, i.e. the 39 th sample point of the signal, starts adjusting the signal power; when k issWhen 1046, the output is stable. The convergence time of the algorithm is LAGC＝ks-koThe total overhead of the algorithm is L + L for 7 sample pointsAGC127 samples.
As shown in fig. 4, a plot of MSE versus EsN0 is a plot of the gain control result of the present invention versus the gain control result of an ideal AGC.
When the length of L is shorter, the stability of the AGC model on noise power estimation is influenced by SNR, and the error is reduced along with the increase of SNR. In a specific application, the length of L can be properly adjusted to reduce the influence of SNR on the AGC processor.
It should be understood that the above description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An all-digital open-loop automatic gain control method for burst communication, comprising the steps of:
s1 initialization power adjustment coefficient DL1 and reference signal power Pr；
S2, when L samples are inputted, calculating average power of first L inputted samples of the burst signal at the time k-L
Figure FDA0003126016160000011
Starting an AGC gain control mode;
s3, when k is larger than L, calculating the energy sum of the first L input samples of the burst signal at the k moment
Figure FDA0003126016160000012
And the energy E of the kth sample of the k-time burst signali(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)；
S4, calculating the average power of L input samples before the k time
Figure FDA0003126016160000013
And sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)＝Ei(k)-Ei(k-L)；
S5, average power of first L input samples according to k-1 time
Figure FDA0003126016160000014
Sample energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure FDA0003126016160000015
Figure FDA0003126016160000016
S6, according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000017
And reference signal power PrCalculating the power deviation e at the time kk：
Figure FDA0003126016160000018
S7, power deviation e according to k timekSelecting the kth power step size muk；
S8, according to the k-th power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk：
Dk＝μkDk-1；
S9, adjusting coefficient D according to power at time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000021
Figure FDA0003126016160000022
The relation between the control voltage and the power is P ═ g (u), wherein P is the power of the signal, and the function g has monotonicity;
s10, voltage gain coefficient according to k time
Figure FDA0003126016160000023
Adjusting the voltage;
the output samples are
Figure FDA0003126016160000024
Output power
Figure FDA0003126016160000025
S11, if k is less than or equal to the total length L of the signalbReturning to S3 to perform loop processing; otherwise, stopping.
2. An all-digital open-loop automatic gain control device for burst communication, comprising a burst signal detector and a gain estimation and controller, wherein the gain estimation and controller comprises an energy detector, an error detector, a step size mapper, a gain estimator, and a voltage converter, wherein:
a burst signal detector for detecting arrival of the signal and calculating average power of L input samples before k-1 time
Figure FDA0003126016160000026
And energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L)；
An energy detector for detecting energy E of kth samplei(k) Energy E of k-L samplei(k-L) calculating the sample energy difference Δ Ei(k)，ΔEi(k)＝Ei(k)-Ei(k-L)；
An error detector for detecting the average power of the first L samples according to the k-1 time
Figure FDA0003126016160000027
Sample energy difference Δ Ei(k) And power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure FDA0003126016160000028
And according to the equivalent iterative average power of the signal at the k moment
Figure FDA0003126016160000029
And reference signal power PrObtaining the power deviation e at the moment kk；
Step size mapper for power deviation e according to k timekSelecting the kth power step size muk；
A gain estimator for estimating a gain according to the kth power step size mukAnd power adjustment coefficient D at time k-1k-1Calculating power adjustment coefficient D at k momentk；
A voltage converter for adjusting the coefficient D according to the power at time kkCalculating a voltage gain factor at time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000031
And according to the voltage gain coefficient at the time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000032
Adjusting the voltage;
wherein:
equivalent iterative average power of signal at time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000033
Figure FDA0003126016160000034
Power deviation at time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000035
Power adjustment coefficient D at time kk＝μkDk-1；
Voltage gain factor
Figure FDA0003126016160000036
The relation between the control voltage and the power is P ═ g (u), wherein P is the power of the signal, and the function g has monotonicity;
average power of L input samples before time k-1
Figure FDA0003126016160000037
Energy sum of first L input samples of burst signal at time k
Figure FDA0003126016160000038
3. The all-digital open-loop automatic gain control device for burst communication according to claim 2, wherein the burst signal detector is connected to the energy detector and the error detector, respectively, the energy detector is connected to the error detector, the error detector is connected to the step size mapper, the step size mapper is connected to the gain estimator, and the gain estimator is connected to the voltage converter.
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