CN109917651A - A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited - Google Patents

A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited Download PDF

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CN109917651A
CN109917651A CN201910191632.3A CN201910191632A CN109917651A CN 109917651 A CN109917651 A CN 109917651A CN 201910191632 A CN201910191632 A CN 201910191632A CN 109917651 A CN109917651 A CN 109917651A
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陈强
胡忠君
施卉辉
胡轶
吴春
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/04Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
    • G05B13/042Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/08Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
    • G05D1/0808Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft
    • G05D1/0816Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft to ensure stability
    • G05D1/0825Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft to ensure stability using mathematical models
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • G05D1/101Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft

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Abstract

A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, for the dynamic system of quadrotor, a kind of compound constraint liapunov function of symmetrical time-varying logarithm tangent is selected, a kind of quadrotor output constrained control method based on the compound constraint liapunov function of symmetrical time-varying logarithm tangent is designed.The design of the symmetrical compound constraint liapunov function of time-varying logarithm tangent is while can also to reduce arrival time to guarantee that the output of system can limit and avoid excessive overshoot in a certain range.So as to improve the dynamic response performance of quadrotor system.The present invention provides a kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, and system is made to have preferable dynamic response process.

Description

A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Spacecraft Attitude Controls that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, make quadrotor system There is preferable dynamic response process.
Background technique
The one kind of quadrotor as rotary aircraft, it is small in size with its, mobility is good, design is simple, system The advantages that low in cost is made, the extensive concern of domestic and international university, research institution, company has been attracted.However, since quadrotor is flown Device is small in size and light-weight, in-flight vulnerable to external disturbance, how to realize the High Performance Motion Control to quadrotor Have become a hot issue.For the control problem of quadrotor, there are many control methods, such as PID control, Active Disturbance Rejection Control, sliding formwork control, Reverse Step Control etc..
Wherein Reverse Step Control has been widely used for nonlinear system, and advantage includes fast response time, easy to implement, right The uncertain robustness etc. with external disturbance of system.Traditional Reverse Step Control only considers the stability of quadrotor Can, there is no pay close attention to its transient response performance too much.Therefore, traditional backstepping control method makes quadrotor system Application in a practical situation has very big obstruction.To solve this problem, the Reverse Step Control based on constraint liapunov function Method is suggested, and this method can effectively improve the mapping of quadrotor system in a practical situation.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve quadrotor system transients performance, the present invention provides what a kind of symmetrical time-varying output was limited to fly Row device attitude control method, reduces overshoot and overshoot time, and quadrotor system is made to have a good dynamic Response performance.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the technical solution proposed is as follows:
A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the dynamic model for establishing quadrotor system sets initial value, sampling time and the control of system Parameter processed, process are as follows:
1.1 determine from the body coordinate system based on quadrotor system to the transfer square of the inertial coordinate based on the earth Battle array T:
Wherein, φ, θ, ψ are roll angle, pitch angle, the yaw angle of quadrotor respectively, indicate aircraft successively around The angle of each reference axis rotation of inertial coodinate system;
Dynamic model during the translation of 1.2 quadrotors is as follows:
Wherein, x, y, z respectively indicate three positions of the quadrotor under inertial coodinate system, UfIndicate that quadrotor flies The input torque of row device, m are the quality of quadrotor, and g indicates acceleration of gravity;
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Dynamic model in 1.3 quadrotor rotation processes are as follows:
Wherein, τx, τy, τzRespectively represent the moment components of each axis on body coordinate system, Ixx, Iyy, IzzRespectively indicate machine The component of the rotary inertia of each axis under body coordinate system, × indicate multiplication cross, ωpIndicate rolling angular speed, ωqIndicate pitch angle Speed, ωrIndicate yaw rate,Indicate rolling angular acceleration,Indicate pitching angular acceleration,Indicate that yaw angle adds Speed;
In view of aircraft is in low-speed operations or floating state, it is believed that Therefore formula (4) is rewritten are as follows:
Joint type (3) and formula (5), obtain the kinetic model of quadrotor are as follows:
Wherein, ux=cos φ sin θ cos ψ+sin φ sin ψ, uy=cos φ sin θ sin ψ-sin φ cos ψ;
1.4, according to formula (6), define φ, the desired value of θ are as follows:
Wherein, φdFor the expected signal value of φ, θdFor θ expected signal value, arcsin is arcsin function;
Step 2, in each sampling instant, calculating position tracking error and its first derivative;Posture angle tracking is calculated to miss Difference and its first derivative;Design position and posture angle controller, process are as follows:
2.1 define z tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, zdIndicate the desired signal of z;
2.2 design constraint liapunov functionsAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, Kb1For time-varying parameter, meet Kb1> | e1|,α1For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k11For normal number;
Formula (10) are substituted into formula (9), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.3 design liapunov function V12Are as follows:
The first derivative of solution formula (12), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (14) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (13), obtained:
2.4 design Uf:
Wherein, k12For normal number;
2.5 define x, and y tracking error is respectively e2, e3, then have:
Wherein, xd, ydRespectively indicate x, the desired signal of y;
2.6 design constraint liapunov functions Its first derivative is solved respectively, is obtained:
Wherein, Kb2For time-varying parameter, meet Kb2> | e2|;Kb3For time-varying parameter, meet Kb3> | e3|;α2, α3For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k21, k31For normal number;
Formula (19) are substituted into formula (18), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.7 design liapunov function V22, V32
The first derivative of solution formula (21), obtains:
Wherein
By formula (23), (6) substitute into formula (22), respectively:
2.8 by formula (24), and (25) separately design ux, uy:
Wherein, k22, k32For normal number;
2.9 define posture angle tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, j=4,5,6, x4=φ, x5=θ, x6=ψ, x4dIndicate the desired value of φ, x5dIndicate the desired value of θ, x6d Indicate the desired value of ψ, e4Indicate the tracking error of φ, e5Indicate the tracking error of θ, e6Indicate the tracking error of ψ;
2.10 design constraint liapunov functionAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, kjFor time-varying parameter, meet Kbj> | ej|;αjFor the virtual controlling amount of attitude angle, table Up to formula are as follows:
Wherein, kj1For normal number;
Formula (29) are substituted into formula (28), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.11 design constraint liapunov functions:
The first derivative of solution formula (31), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (33) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (32), respectively:
2.12 by formula (34), and (35), (36) separately design τx, τy, τz:
Wherein, k42, k52, k62For normal number;
Step 3, the stability of quadrotor system is verified, process is as follows:
Formula (16) are substituted into formula (15) by 3.1, are obtained:
Formula (26) are substituted into formula (24), (25) by 3.2, are obtained:
3.3 wushu (37) substitute into formula (34), (35), (36), obtain:
3.4 by (38), and (39), (40) know that quadrotor system is stable.
The present invention provides a kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, improves the transient state of system Can, reduce overshoot and arrival time.
Technical concept of the invention are as follows: for the dynamic system of quadrotor, design a kind of symmetrical time-varying output Limited Spacecraft Attitude Control.The design of the symmetrical compound constraint liapunov function of time-varying logarithm tangent be in order to The output of guarantee system can limit and avoid excessive overshoot in a certain range, while can also reduce arrival time.To Improve the dynamic response performance of quadrotor system.
Advantage of the present invention are as follows: reduce overshoot, reduce arrival time, improve mapping.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is position tracking effect diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is attitude angle tracking effect schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is that positioner of the invention inputs schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that posture angle controller of the invention inputs schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is control flow schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
- Fig. 5 referring to Fig.1, a kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the dynamic model for establishing quadrotor system sets initial value, sampling time and the control of system Parameter processed, process are as follows:
1.1 determine from the body coordinate system based on quadrotor system to the transfer square of the inertial coordinate based on the earth Battle array T:
Wherein, φ, θ, ψ are roll angle, pitch angle, the yaw angle of quadrotor respectively, indicate aircraft successively around The angle of each reference axis rotation of inertial coodinate system;
Dynamic model during the translation of 1.2 quadrotors is as follows:
Wherein, x, y, z respectively indicate three positions of the quadrotor under inertial coodinate system, UfIndicate that quadrotor flies The input torque of row device, m are the quality of quadrotor, and g indicates acceleration of gravity;
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Dynamic model in 1.3 quadrotor rotation processes are as follows:
Wherein, τx, τy, τzRespectively represent the moment components of each axis on body coordinate system, Ixx, Iyy, IzzRespectively indicate machine The component of the rotary inertia of each axis under body coordinate system, × indicate multiplication cross, ωpIndicate rolling angular speed, ωqIndicate pitch angle Speed, ωrIndicate yaw rate,Indicate rolling angular acceleration,Indicate pitching angular acceleration,Indicate that yaw angle adds Speed;
In view of aircraft is in low-speed operations or floating state, attitude angle variation is smaller, it is believed thatTherefore formula (4) is rewritten are as follows:
Joint type (3) and formula (5), obtain the kinetic model of quadrotor are as follows:
Wherein, ux=cos φ sin θ cos ψ+sin φ sin ψ, uy=cos φ sin θ sin ψ-sin φ cos ψ;
1.4, according to formula (6), define φ, the desired value of θ are as follows:
Wherein, φdFor the expected signal value of φ, θdFor θ expected signal value, arcsin is arcsin function;
Step 2, in each sampling instant, calculating position tracking error and its first derivative;Posture angle tracking is calculated to miss Difference and its first derivative;Design position and posture angle controller, process are as follows:
2.1 define z tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, zdIndicate the desired signal of z;
2.2 design constraint liapunov functionsAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, Kb1For time-varying parameter, meet Kb1> | e1|,α1For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k11For normal number;
Formula (10) are substituted into formula (9), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.3 design liapunov function V12Are as follows:
The first derivative of solution formula (12), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (14) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (13), obtained:
2.4 design Uf:
Wherein, k12For normal number;
2.5 define x, and y tracking error is respectively e2, e3, then have:
Wherein, xd, ydRespectively indicate x, the desired signal of y;
2.6 design constraint liapunov functions Its first derivative is solved respectively, is obtained:
Wherein, Kb2For time-varying parameter, meet Kb2> | e2|;Kb3For time-varying parameter, meet Kb3> | e3|;α2, α3For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k21, k31For normal number;
Formula (19) are substituted into formula (18), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.7 design liapunov function V22, V32
The first derivative of solution formula (21), obtains:
Wherein
By formula (23), (6) substitute into formula (22), respectively:
2.8 by formula (24), and (25) separately design ux, uy:
Wherein, k22, k32For normal number;
2.9 define posture angle tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, j=4,5,6, x4=φ, x5=θ, x6=ψ, x4dIndicate the desired value of φ, x5dIndicate the desired value of θ, x6d Indicate the desired value of ψ, e4Indicate the tracking error of φ, e5Indicate the tracking error of θ, e6Indicate the tracking error of ψ;
2.10 design constraint liapunov functionAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, kjFor time-varying parameter, meet Kbj> | ej|;αjFor the virtual controlling amount of attitude angle, table Up to formula are as follows:
Wherein, kj1For normal number;
Formula (29) are substituted into formula (28), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.11 design constraint liapunov functions:
The first derivative of solution formula (31), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (33) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (32), respectively:
2.12 by formula (34), and (35), (36) separately design τx, τy, τz:
Wherein, k42, k52, k62For normal number;
Step 3, the stability of quadrotor system is verified, process is as follows:
Formula (16) are substituted into formula (15) by 3.1, are obtained:
Formula (26) are substituted into formula (24), (25) by 3.2, are obtained:
3.3 wushu (37) substitute into formula (34), (35), (36), obtain:
3.4 by (38), and (39), (40) know that quadrotor system is stable.
In order to verify the feasibility of proposed method, the emulation knot that The present invention gives the control methods on MATLAB platform Fruit:
Parameter is given below: m=1.1kg, g=9.81N/kg in formula (2);In formula (4), Ixx=1.22kgm2, Iyy= 1.22kg·m2, Izz=2.2kgm2;Z in formula (8), formula (17) and formula (27)d=0.5, xd=0.5, yd=0.5, ψd=0.5; K in formula (10), formula (19) and formula (29)11=2, k21=2, k31=2;k41=2, k51=2, k61=2;Formula (16), formula (26) and K in formula (37)12=2, k22=2, k32=2, k42=2, k52=2, k62=2;Formula (9), formula (18) and formula (28) kb1=2.5+ 0.1sint, kb2=2.5+0.1sint, kb3=2.5+0.1sint, kb4=2+0.1sint, kb5=2+0.1sint, kb6=2+ 0.1sint。
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 it is found that system has good transient response, arrival time is 5.81 seconds, overshoot 0.
In conclusion the Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited can effectively improve quadrotor The mapping of system.
Described above is the excellent effect of optimization that one embodiment that the present invention provides is shown, it is clear that the present invention is not only It is limited to above-described embodiment, without departing from essence spirit of the present invention and without departing from the premise of range involved by substantive content of the present invention Under it can be made it is various deformation be implemented.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the dynamic model for establishing quadrotor system sets initial value, sampling time and the control ginseng of system Number, process are as follows:
1.1 determine from the body coordinate system based on quadrotor system to the transfer matrix T of the inertial coordinate based on the earth:
Wherein, φ, θ, ψ are roll angle, pitch angle, the yaw angle of quadrotor respectively, indicate aircraft successively around inertia The angle of each reference axis rotation of coordinate system;
Dynamic model during the translation of 1.2 quadrotors is as follows:
Wherein, x, y, z respectively indicate three positions of the quadrotor under inertial coodinate system, UfIndicate quadrotor Input torque, m be quadrotor quality, g indicate acceleration of gravity;
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
Dynamic model in 1.3 quadrotor rotation processes are as follows:
Wherein, τx, τy, τzRespectively represent the moment components of each axis on body coordinate system, Ixx, Iyy, IzzRespectively indicate body seat The component of the rotary inertia of each axis under mark system, × indicate multiplication cross, ωpIndicate rolling angular speed, ωqIndicate rate of pitch, ωrIndicate yaw rate,Indicate rolling angular acceleration,Indicate pitching angular acceleration,Indicate yaw angular acceleration;
In view of aircraft is in low-speed operations or floating state, it is believed that Therefore formula (4) is rewritten are as follows:
Joint type (3) and formula (5), obtain the kinetic model of quadrotor are as follows:
Wherein, ux=cos φ sin θ cos ψ+sin φ sin ψ, uy=cos φ sin θ sin ψ-sin φ cos ψ;
1.4, according to formula (6), define φ, the desired value of θ are as follows:
Wherein, φdFor the expected signal value of φ, θdFor θ expected signal value, arcsin is arcsin function;
Step 2, in each sampling instant, calculating position tracking error and its first derivative;Calculate posture angle tracking error and Its first derivative;Design position and posture angle controller, process are as follows:
2.1 define z tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, zdIndicate the desired signal of z;
2.2 design constraint liapunov functionsAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, Kb1For time-varying parameter, meet Kb1> | e1|,α1For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k11For normal number;
Formula (10) are substituted into formula (9), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.3 design liapunov function V12Are as follows:
The first derivative of solution formula (12), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (14) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (13), obtained:
2.4 design Uf:
Wherein, k12For normal number;
2.5 define x, and y tracking error is respectively e2, e3, then have:
Wherein, xd, ydRespectively indicate x, the desired signal of y;
2.6 design constraint liapunov functions Its first derivative is solved respectively, is obtained:
Wherein, Kb2For time-varying parameter, meet Kb2> | e2|;Kb3For time-varying parameter, meet Kb3> | e3|;α2, α3For virtual controlling amount, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein, k21, k31For normal number;
Formula (19) are substituted into formula (18), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.7 design liapunov function V22, V32
The first derivative of solution formula (21), obtains:
Wherein
By formula (23), (6) substitute into formula (22), respectively:
2.8 by formula (24), and (25) separately design ux, uy:
Wherein, k22, k32For normal number;
2.9 define posture angle tracking error and its first derivative:
Wherein, j=4,5,6, x4=φ, x5=θ, x6=ψ, x4dIndicate the desired value of φ, x5dIndicate the desired value of θ, x6dIndicate ψ Desired value, e4Indicate the tracking error of φ, e5Indicate the tracking error of θ, e6Indicate the tracking error of ψ;
2.10 design constraint liapunov functionAnd solve its first derivative:
Wherein, kjFor time-varying parameter, meet Kbj> | ej|;αjFor the virtual controlling amount of attitude angle, expression formula Are as follows:
Wherein, kj1For normal number;
Formula (29) are substituted into formula (28), are obtained:
Wherein,
2.11 design constraint liapunov functions:
The first derivative of solution formula (31), obtains:
Wherein
Formula (33) and formula (6) are substituted into formula (32), respectively:
2.12 by formula (34), and (35), (36) separately design τx, τy, τz:
Wherein, k42, k52, k62For normal number;
Step 3, the stability of quadrotor system is verified, process is as follows:
Formula (16) are substituted into formula (15) by 3.1, are obtained:
Formula (26) are substituted into formula (24), (25) by 3.2, are obtained:
3.3 wushu (37) substitute into formula (34), (35), (36), obtain:
3.4 by (38), and (39), (40) know that quadrotor system is stable.
CN201910191632.3A 2018-03-15 2019-03-14 A kind of Spacecraft Attitude Control that symmetrical time-varying output is limited Withdrawn CN109917651A (en)

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CN112327897A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-02-05 江苏师范大学 Four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle attitude control method with input dead zone
CN112327897B (en) * 2020-11-04 2022-07-29 江苏师范大学 Quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle attitude control method with input dead zone

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