CN109916447A - A kind of set composite and its method for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation - Google Patents
A kind of set composite and its method for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109916447A CN109916447A CN201910123158.0A CN201910123158A CN109916447A CN 109916447 A CN109916447 A CN 109916447A CN 201910123158 A CN201910123158 A CN 201910123158A CN 109916447 A CN109916447 A CN 109916447A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for monitoring the set composite and its method of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, the device include multiple tube for being mounted in ground lower opening, for be placed in multiple tube can readout instrument along the combined probe that its inner wall slides up and down and for explicitly descend water level in borehole and inclination data, the combined probe passes through cable and connect with readout instrument.The device of the invention can be realized level of ground water acquisition synchronous with two kinds of physical quantitys of gradient, be not necessarily to repetitive operation, save working hour and cost for monitoring side slope saturation and slope sliding deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of safety monitoring slope, and in particular to one kind is for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding
The set composite and its method of deformation.
Background technique
When carrying out the safety monitoring of the engineerings such as side slope, earth and rockfill dam, dyke and damming body, side slope saturation and sliding deformation
It is focal monitoring item.It in Practical Project, generallys use pressure-measuring pipe and electric fluviograph is used cooperatively, to measure the leaching of side slope
Moisten line；It is used cooperatively with inclinometer pipe and movable type inclinometer, to measure the sliding deformation of side slope.Pressure-measuring pipe and inclinometer pipe are two kinds
Different in-site installation facilities, electric fluviograph and movable type inclinometer are two kinds of independent measuring instrumentss.Under normal circumstances, it surveys
Pressure pipe and inclinometer pipe need independent separately drilling, and bury water inlet floral tube and inclimation measuring duct in hole respectively.When observation, need
It is put into electric fluviograph in pressure-measuring pipe, movable type inclinometer is put into inclinometer pipe, carries out respectively independent survey and reads.It uses to upload
It unites monitoring method, it is meant that for pressure-measuring pipe and inclinometer pipe, need to be drilled respectively, device fabrication, Embedded installation and observation,
Observed efficiency is low, causes the waste of human and material resources and financial resources.Therefore, it is necessary to study with design a kind of set composite and survey
Amount method realizes the monitoring of side slope saturation and sliding deformation simultaneously in same drilling the same process.
In the prior art, the Chinese utility model patent of Patent No. ZL201420709111.5 discloses a kind of deviational survey hole
Deviational survey pore and level of ground water pore are combined into one by osmotic pressure counter device, the device, but the device is embedded in each hole
One osmometer, inclinometer pipe are observed using movable type inclinometer, and osmometer is using readout instrument observation.Level of ground water and side slope are sliding
Shifting substantially measures respectively, can not complete the synchro measure of water level and displacement in the same process.Patent No.
The Chinese invention patent of ZL201610100541.0 discloses a kind of level of ground water and deep displacement with hole monitoring device, the device
It is substantially also carried out separately when measuring level of ground water and horizontal displacement, two physical quantitys can not be completed in the same process
Observation.The Chinese utility model patent of Patent No. ZL201520034730.3 discloses a kind of deep soil movement for side slope
With level of ground water parameter measuring device, which is only integrated with electric tape ga measuring head and inclinometer gauge head, is not carried out deviational survey
The integrated unification of pipe and pressure-measuring pipe, also without clear Embedded installation and observation method, deviational survey and pressure-measuring pipe structure are different or embedded
Method is different, and measured result can represent the level of ground water of Different Strata, also can not just accurately reflect the true saturation of side slope.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technique, provide a kind of for monitoring side slope saturation and cunning
The set composite of dynamic deformation, which can be realized level of ground water acquisition synchronous with two kinds of physical quantitys of gradient, without repeating
Operation, for monitoring side slope saturation and slope sliding deformation save working hour and cost, also provide it is a kind of utilize it is above-mentioned be used for supervise
It surveys side slope saturation and slides the method that the set composite of deformation is monitored.
To achieve the above object, a kind of for monitoring the compound dress of side slope saturation and sliding deformation designed by the present invention
Set, including for be mounted on ground lower opening in multiple tube, for being placed in the compound spy that can be slided up and down along its inner wall in multiple tube
Head and the readout instrument for explicitly descending water level in borehole and inclination data, the combined probe pass through cable and readout instrument
Connection；
The multiple tube is divided into water inlet segment, aqueduct section and closing pipeline section from the bottom to top, the multiple tube
Bottom is provided with plug；
The combined probe includes probe body, and the probe body top is provided with water level gauge head, the probe body
Middle part be provided with inclinometer gauge head.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the outer wall of the probe body is provided with several groups pulley assembly, the multiple tube it is interior
Wall is provided with several guide grooves for sliding for pulley assembly.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the pulley assembly includes the mounting ring for being set in probe body outer ring, the mounting ring
There are two the pulleys being arranged symmetrically for upper setting.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the multiple tube is connected in sequence by several segments hollow pipe, in the multiple tube uniformly
Four are arranged at intervals with along its axially extending guide groove, four guide grooves are arranged in cross.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the bottom of the probe body is provided with cushion.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the water inlet segment offers several permeable holes along its circumferential direction.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the outer ring of the water inlet segment is arranged with filter layer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, filled out in the gap between the water inlet segment and the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of aqueduct section
Filled with the sand gravel bed of material.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, bentonite is filled in the gap between the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of the closing pipeline section
Layer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, protection cap is provided at the top aperture of the multiple tube.
The present invention also provides a kind of set composites using above-mentioned for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation to be supervised
The method of survey, includes the following steps:
1) ground lower opening is bored vertically downward in position to be measured, multiple tube is put into ground lower opening；
2) combined probe is inserted into multiple tube, so that slowly downward from aperture in the corresponding guide groove of pulley assembly merging
Sliding, when the water level gauge head in combined probe, which touches the water surface, forms closed circuit, readout instrument issues alarm sound automatically, note
Record lower underground water place value；
3) it after combined probe reaches bottom hole, is lifted up from bottom to top along guide groove, 0.5~1m of every promotion reading is once inclined
Slope data, until reaching aperture；
4) combined probe is extracted out, is rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves, repeat step 2) and step 3) into
Second of measurement of row；
5) combined probe is extracted out, continues to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves, repeat step 2) and step
3) third time measurement is carried out；
6) combined probe is extracted out, continues to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves, repeat step 2) and step
3) the 4th measurement is carried out；
7) by step 2) -6) 4 groups of water level measured values and 4 groups of gradient measured values can be obtained, by 4 groups of water level measured value averageds
Afterwards as the infiltration line position at measuring point；4 groups of gradient measured values are divided into two groups, as the direction after every group of averaged
Inclination data finally calculates the horizontal displacement of side slope different height, as sliding deformation numerical value.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 1), between water inlet segment, the outer wall of aqueduct section and ground lower opening inner wall
Gap in be filled with sand gravel material, closing pipeline section 1.3 outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall between gap in be filled with swelling
Soil.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 7), 4 groups of gradient measured values are divided into two groups, first group for step 3) and
The inclination data that step 5) measures, second group of inclination data measured for step 4) and step 6).
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
First, pressure-measuring pipe and inclinometer pipe " being combined into one " are formed deviational survey and survey the multiple tube of pressure by the present invention, by electrical measurement water
Position meter and movable type inclinometer " being combined into one " form composite reading device, and the two is made with specifically installing to combine with measurement method
With, form side slope saturation and sliding deformation combined monitoring system.
Second, multiple tube of the invention is formed by connecting by the hollow pipe of several a length of 2.0~3.0m, measurement deviational survey is remained
Function of the pipe along journey gradient.In addition, be arranged permeable hole in water inlet segment, outsourcing geotextile filter layer, make in pipe water level with
The comprehensive level of ground water of side slope is consistent, and is created condition to measure the saturation of side slope.
Third, present invention design is made of readout instrument, combined probe and three position of cable, composite reading instrument is integrated with electrical measurement
Water-level gauge meets water alarm and inclinometer reads the function of inclination data, built-in water level gauge head and inclinometer in combined probe
Gauge head, water level gauge head are located at inclinometer gauge head top, and under the premise of not influencing the two respectively function, which has together
When measure water level and inclination data ability.
Fourth, multiple tube and duplex measurement device of the invention is applied in combination, in conjunction with specific installation and observation method shape
At combined monitoring system, it can be achieved that synchronous in the same primary observation of same drilling obtain level of ground water and drilling along journey gradient
The function of two kinds of physical quantitys, the monitoring for side slope saturation and sliding deformation save working hour and cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of set composite of the present invention for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation；
Fig. 2 is combined probe enlarged structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of multiple tube in Fig. 1；
In figure: 1- multiple tube, 1.1- water inlet segment, 1.2- aqueduct section, 1.3- closing pipeline section, 1.4- guide groove, 2- are multiple
Close probe, 2.1- probe body, 2.2- water level gauge head, 2.3- inclinometer gauge head, 2.4- pulley assembly, 2.41- mounting ring,
2.42- pulley, 2.5- cushion, 3- readout instrument, 4- cable, 5- plug, 6- permeable hole, 7- filter layer, the 8- sand gravel bed of material, 9-
Bentonite bed, 10- protection cap.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the case study on implementation performance that the present invention will be described in detail, but they are not constituted to limit of the invention
It is fixed, it is only for example.Simultaneously by illustrating that advantages of the present invention will become clearer and be readily appreciated that.
A kind of set composite for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation as shown in Figure 1, including for being mounted on
Multiple tube 1 in ground lower opening, for be placed in multiple tube 1 can be along the combined probe 2 that its inner wall slides up and down and for showing
The readout instrument 3 of underground water level in borehole and inclination data, the combined probe 2 are connect by cable 4 with readout instrument 3.It is described multiple
It closes pipe 1 and is divided into water inlet segment 1.1, aqueduct section 1.2 and closing pipeline section 1.3, the bottom of the multiple tube 1 from the bottom to top
It is provided with plug 5.
The water inlet segment 1.1 offers several permeable holes 6 along its circumferential direction.The outer ring of the water inlet segment 1.1 is arranged
There is filter layer 7.Sand is filled in gap between the water inlet segment 1.1 and the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of aqueduct section 1.2
The gravel bed of material 8, it is described multiple filled with bentonite bed 9 in the gap between the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of the closing pipeline section 1.3
It closes and is provided with protection cap 10 at the top aperture of pipe 1.In this way, permeable hole, the filtering of outsourcing geotextile is arranged in water inlet segment
Layer is consistent water level in pipe with the comprehensive level of ground water of side slope, creates condition to measure the saturation of side slope.
As shown in Fig. 2, the combined probe 2 includes probe body 2.1,2.1 top of probe body is provided with water level
The middle part of gauge head 2.2, the probe body 2.1 is provided with inclinometer gauge head 2.3.The outer wall of the probe body 2.1 is provided with
Several groups pulley assembly 2.4, the inner wall of the multiple tube 1 are provided with several guide grooves for sliding for pulley assembly 2.4
1.4.The pulley assembly 2.4 includes the mounting ring 2.41 for being set in 2.1 outer ring of probe body, is arranged in the mounting ring 2.41
There are two the pulleys 2.42 being arranged symmetrically, and the bottom of the probe body 2.1 is provided with cushion 2.5.It is built-in in combined probe
Water level gauge head and inclinometer gauge head, water level gauge head are located at inclinometer gauge head top；Under the premise of not influencing the two respectively function,
The combined probe has while measuring water level with the ability of inclination data, it can be achieved that synchronous in primary observation in same drilling
Level of ground water and drilling are obtained along the function of two kinds of physical quantitys of journey gradient, is that side slope saturation and the monitoring of sliding deformation are saved
Working hour and cost.
As shown in figure 3, the multiple tube 1 is formed by connecting by the hollow pipe of 2.0~3.0m of several segments, in the multiple tube 1
There are four along its axially extending guide groove 1.4, four guide grooves 1.4 are arranged in cross for uniform intervals setting.
The method that the present invention is monitored using the above-mentioned set composite for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation, packet
Include following steps:
1) position to be measured for choosing side slope carries out boring ground lower opening vertically downward, guarantees that hole is unimpeded after pore-forming, by multiple tube 1
It is put into ground lower opening, sand is filled in the gap between water inlet segment 1.1, the outer wall of aqueduct section 1.2 and ground lower opening inner wall
Gravel material, closing pipeline section 1.3 outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall between gap in be filled with bentonite；
2) combined probe 2 is inserted into multiple tube 1, so that pulley assembly 2.4 is placed in corresponding guide groove 1.4 from aperture
Slow slide downward, when the water level gauge head 2.2 in combined probe 2, which touches the water surface, forms closed circuit, readout instrument 3 is sent out automatically
Alarm sound out records underground water place value；
3) it after combined probe 2 reaches bottom hole, is lifted up from bottom to top along guide groove 1.4, every promotion 0.5m reads primary
Inclination data, until reaching aperture；
4) combined probe 2 is extracted out, is rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves 1.4, repeat step 2) and step
3) second is carried out to measure；
5) combined probe 2 is extracted out again, continues to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves 1.4, repeat step 2)
Third time measurement is carried out with step 3)；
6) then combined probe 2 is extracted out, continues to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves 1.4, repeat step
2) and step 3) carries out the 4th measurement；
7) by step 2) -6) 4 groups of water level measured values and 4 groups of gradient measured values can be obtained, by 4 groups of water level measured value averageds
Infiltration line position afterwards as the level of ground water at measuring point, i.e., at measuring point；4 groups of gradient measured values are divided into two groups, first group is
The inclination data that step 3) and step 5) measure, second group of inclination data measured for step 4) and step 6), every group is asked
As the inclination data of the direction after being averaged, lift height every 0.5m in conjunction with combined probe 2, segmented calculating is asked
With the horizontal displacement that side slope arbitrary height can be obtained, i.e. the sliding of side slope arbitrary height deforms numerical value.Specifically calculation method is such as
Under: it is based on first, second group of data, when i-th (i=1,2 ..., n) of the promotion of combined probe 2 is secondary, the water for position measuring point of popping one's head in
Prosposition shifting is f respectivelya,iAnd fb,i:
In formula, n is the number promoted in total；L is the height that combined probe 2 lifts every time, takes 0.5m；θa,iFor step 3)
With in step 5), combined probe 2 promoted i-th (i=1,2 ..., n) it is secondary when the average value of gradient that measures；θb,iFor step 4)
With in step 6), combined probe 2 promoted i-th (i=1,2 ..., n) it is secondary when the average value of gradient that measures.
It is other unspecified to belong to the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: including for being mounted on ground
Multiple tube (1) in lower opening along the combined probe (2) that its inner wall slides up and down and can be used for for being placed in multiple tube (1)
The readout instrument (3) of water level in borehole and inclination data is explicitly descended, the combined probe (2) passes through cable (4) and readout instrument (3)
Connection；
The multiple tube (1) is divided into water inlet segment (1.1), aqueduct section (1.2) and closing pipeline section from the bottom to top
(1.3), the bottom of the multiple tube (1) is provided with plug (5)；
The combined probe (2) includes probe body (2.1), and probe body (2.1) top is provided with water level gauge head
(2.2), inclinometer gauge head (2.3) are provided in the middle part of the probe body (2.1).
2. according to claim 1 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: institute
The outer wall for stating probe body (2.1) is provided with several groups pulley assembly (2.4), and the inner wall of the multiple tube (1) is provided with several
Guide groove (1.4) for being slided for pulley assembly (2.4).
3. according to claim 2 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating pulley assembly (2.4) includes the mounting ring (2.41) for being set in probe body (2.1) outer ring, is set on the mounting ring (2.41)
The pulley (2.42) being arranged symmetrically there are two setting.
4. according to claim 3 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: institute
It states multiple tube (1) to be connected in sequence by several segments hollow pipe, there are four along its axis for the interior uniform intervals setting of multiple tube (1)
To the guide groove (1.4) of extension, four guide grooves (1.4) are arranged in cross；The bottom of the probe body (2.1) is set
It is equipped with cushion (2.5).
5. it is according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is special
Sign is: the water inlet segment (1.1) offers several permeable holes (6) along its circumferential direction；The outer ring of the water inlet segment (1.1)
It is arranged with filter layer (7).
6. according to claim 5 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in the gap between the outer wall of water inlet segment (1.1) and aqueduct section (1.2) and ground lower opening inner wall filled with the sand gravel bed of material
(8)。
7. according to claim 6 for monitoring the set composite of side slope saturation and sliding deformation, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in the gap between the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of closing pipeline section (1.3) filled with bentonite bed (9)；The multiple tube (1)
Top aperture at be provided with protection cap (10).
8. being supervised using the described in any item set composites for monitoring side slope saturation and sliding deformation of claim 1-7
The method of survey, which comprises the steps of:
1) ground lower opening is bored vertically downward in position to be measured, multiple tube (1) is put into ground lower opening；
2) by combined probe (2) insertion multiple tube (1) so that pulley assembly (2.4) be placed in corresponding guide groove (1.4) from
The slow slide downward in aperture, when the water level gauge head (2.2) in combined probe (2), which touches the water surface, forms closed circuit, reading
Instrument (3) issues alarm sound automatically, records underground water place value；
3) it after combined probe (2) reach bottom hole, is lifted up from bottom to top along guide groove (1.4), 0.5~1m of every promotion reads one
Secondary inclination data, until reaching aperture；
4) combined probe (2) are extracted out, is rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves (1.4), repeat step 2) and step
3) second is carried out to measure；
5) by combined probe (2) extract out, continue to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves (1.4), repeat step 2) with
Step 3) carries out third time measurement；
6) by combined probe (2) extract out, continue to be rotated in a clockwise direction in 90 ° of insertion guide grooves (1.4), repeat step 2) with
Step 3) carries out the 4th measurement；
7) by step 2) -6) 4 groups of water level measured values and 4 groups of gradient measured values can be obtained, it will make after 4 groups of water level measured value averageds
For the infiltration line position at measuring point；4 groups of gradient measured values are divided into two groups, the inclination after every group of averaged as the direction
Degree evidence finally calculates the horizontal displacement of side slope different height, as sliding deformation numerical value.
9. monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step 1), in water inlet segment (1.1), lead
In gap between the outer wall and ground lower opening inner wall of water pipe section (1.2) be filled with sand gravel material, closing pipeline section 1.3 outer wall with
Bentonite is filled in gap between ground lower opening inner wall.
10. monitoring method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in the step 7), by 4 groups of gradient measured values point
At two groups, first group of inclination data measured for step 3) and step 5), second group is inclined for step 4) with what step 6) measured
Slope data.
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| CN110288808A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 河海大学 | It is a kind of for monitor hydrodynamic force type landslide device and its application method |
| CN110567519A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Measuring unit for monitoring pressure and water content of deep-hole soil body of landslide body |
| CN110567519B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-04-09 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Measuring unit for monitoring pressure and water content of deep hole soil body of landslide body |
| CN112268996A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-26 | 广东省地质建设工程勘察院 | Geological environment monitoring device and method |
| CN114659705A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 安徽省水利水电勘测设计研究总院有限公司 | Clay dam pressure measuring pipe and using method thereof |
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