CN109916341B - Method and system for measuring horizontal inclination angle of product surface - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring horizontal inclination angle of product surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring a horizontal inclination angle of a product surface. One embodiment of the method comprises: selecting two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product; under the condition that an imaging optical axis of an imaging system with known focal length and pixel size of a CCD camera is aligned with the center of a surface to be detected of a product, the surface to be detected of the product is imaged in the imaging system, and imaging distances between imaging points of two test points along a first direction on an imaging plane of the CCD camera and the center point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera are respectively calculated; and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the first direction. The embodiment has high measurement precision and high measurement efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of product measurement and test. And more particularly, to a method and system for measuring a horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product.
Background
At present, the way of measuring the inclination angle and horizontal distance of the display screen of electronic equipment such as mobile phones is mainly to use laser triangulation method for measurement. However, this method is very inconvenient in the environment where there is no laser condition or the test space cannot be installed with a laser.
In addition to the above-described laser triangulation measurement approach, there are two problems with planar measurements using mechanical or electronic measuring instruments: firstly, the measurement precision is low; secondly, the measurement efficiency is low, and simultaneous differential measurement in the X-axis and Y-axis directions of the horizontal plane cannot be achieved, wherein if mechanical measurement is repeated for multiple times, much time and labor cost are consumed.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new method and system for measuring the horizontal tilt angle of the product surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel method and a novel system for measuring a horizontal inclination angle of a product surface, so as to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of a product, which comprises the following steps:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product;
under the condition that an imaging optical axis of an imaging system with known focal length and pixel size of a CCD camera is aligned with the center of a surface to be detected of a product, imaging the surface to be detected of the product in the imaging system, and respectively calculating imaging distances between imaging points of two test points along a first direction on an imaging plane of the CCD camera and the center point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the first direction.
Optionally, the selecting two test points having the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product further includes: two test points which have the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product and are respectively positioned at the edge position of the surface to be measured of the product are selected along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product.
Optionally, the calculating an inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points along the first direction further includes: calculating the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the following formula:
wherein, theta1The inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction is shown; f is the focal length of the CCD camera; l is1And L2The imaging distances between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera,
and
the pixel distances between the imaging points of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera are respectively, and r is the pixel size of the CCD camera.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
selecting a plurality of groups of test points along a first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, wherein each group of test points comprises two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of each test point along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of each group of test points in the first direction, and taking the average value of the inclination angles of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction as the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested in the first direction.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, and simultaneously selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the second direction of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the second direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera while respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the second direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the second direction while obtaining the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction through calculation.
Optionally, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
Optionally, the surface to be measured of the product is rectangular, the first direction is parallel to the long side of the rectangle, and the second direction is parallel to the short side of the rectangle.
Optionally, a standard image is used for selecting a test point on the surface to be tested of the product.
A second aspect of the invention provides a system for measuring the horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product for performing the method provided by the first aspect of the invention, the system comprising:
a measuring platform for carrying a product;
the CCD camera is used for imaging the surface to be measured of the product; and
and the data processing unit is used for calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera, and calculating the inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points along the first direction.
Optionally, the system further comprises: and the storage unit is used for storing the focal length and the pixel size of the known CCD camera.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the horizontal inclination angle measurement of the surface of the product with high precision and high efficiency can be realized by using a visual system of a single camera. Furthermore, because the prior visual calibration is not needed, the method is easy to realize and has wider applicable scenes. In addition, the inclination angles of the surface of the product along the X-axis and the Y-axis directions respectively can be obtained by one-time imaging-based measurement and simultaneous calculation. The technical scheme of the invention is particularly suitable for a large-scale test production line of products with higher requirements on flatness, such as a large-scale test production line of display screens of mobile phones and other electronic equipment.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;
fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for measuring a horizontal tilt angle of a product surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic image light path of the CCD camera.
Fig. 3 shows an interface screenshot of the measurement results.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a system for measuring a horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product, the method including:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product;
under the condition that an imaging optical axis of an imaging system with known focal length and pixel size of a CCD camera is aligned with the center of a surface to be detected of a product, imaging the surface to be detected of the product in the imaging system, and respectively calculating imaging distances between imaging points of two test points along a first direction on an imaging plane of the CCD camera and the center point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the first direction.
The CCD camera can adopt a fixed focus lens, and if the fixed focus lens is not adopted, the focal length of the CCD camera can be obtained through various existing modes. The pixel size of the CCD camera, or the pixel size of the light sensing chip of the CCD camera, can be obtained directly from the specification of the camera, such as the parameter specification of the CCD camera. In addition, when the imaging optical axis is aligned to the center of the surface to be measured of the product, the deviation of a few pixels is allowed, but the deviation is smaller than 1/4 of the diameter of the pixel point, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured.
According to the method for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of the product, the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of the product can be measured with high precision and high efficiency by using a visual system of a single camera. Furthermore, because the prior visual calibration is not needed, the method is easy to realize and has wider applicable scenes.
In some optional implementation manners of this embodiment, the selecting two test points having the same actual distance as the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product further includes: two test points which have the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product and are respectively positioned at the edge position of the surface to be measured of the product are selected along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product. The implementation manner that the test points are selected at the edge positions of the surface to be measured of the product is favorable for ensuring the measurement accuracy, and further, when the measurement method of the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of the product provided by the embodiment is applied to batch measurement of display screens of electronic equipment such as mobile phones, the inclination angles in the directions of the X axis or the Y axis of different areas of the display screen are basically consistent under the condition that the display screen has the horizontal inclination angle because the display screen is rigid. Therefore, the implementation mode is convenient for selecting two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the display screen, and two points at the edge positions of the two ends of the display screen in the X-axis or Y-axis direction are directly selected as the test points, so that the actual distances between the two test points and the center of the display screen can be ensured to be the same.
In some optional implementation manners of this embodiment, the calculating an inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points along the first direction further includes: calculating the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the following formula:
wherein, theta1The inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction is shown; f is the focal length of the CCD camera; l is1And L2The imaging distances between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera,
and
the pixel distances between the imaging points of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera are respectively, and r is the pixel size of the CCD camera.
By adopting the optional mode, the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction can be calculated by skillfully utilizing the geometric principle of optical imaging of the CCD camera, separating from the actual distance of the two test points, and only utilizing the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera in combination with the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera.
The principle of the above formula is illustrated by the following specific examples:
as shown in fig. 2, two test points on the surface to be measured of the product with an inclination angle are a and B, and imaging points of the test point a and the test point B on the imaging plane of the CCD camera are an imaging point C and an imaging point D, respectively.
The geometrical relationship can be used to obtain:
A`B`＝M*sinθ1，
wherein, A 'B' is the level of the test point A on the imaging optical axis of the CCD cameraThe distance between the projection point A 'and the horizontal projection point B' of the test point B on the imaging optical axis of the CCD camera, M is the actual distance between the test point A and the test point B, and theta1The inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction is shown;
then one can get:
namely, it is
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the pixel distance between the imaging point C and the center point F of the imaging plane of the CCD camera,
is the pixel distance between the imaging point D and the center point F of the imaging plane of the CCD camera
And
can be obtained by the existing image measuring method respectively; and r is the pixel size of the CCD camera.
In some optional implementation manners of this embodiment, the method for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of the product provided by this embodiment further includes:
selecting a plurality of groups of test points along a first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, wherein each group of test points comprises two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of each test point along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of each group of test points in the first direction, and taking the average value of the inclination angles of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction as the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested in the first direction.
By adopting the implementation mode, more accurate measurement results can be obtained based on a plurality of pairs of test points in the first direction,
In some optional implementation manners of the present embodiment, the method for measuring a horizontal inclination angle of a surface of a product provided by the present embodiment further includes:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, and simultaneously selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the second direction of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the second direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera while respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the second direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the second direction while obtaining the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction through calculation.
Further, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
By adopting the implementation mode, the inclination angles of the surface of the product along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction can be simultaneously obtained by calculation through one-time imaging-based measurement, and the method is particularly suitable for large-scale test pipelines of products with higher requirements on flatness, such as large-scale test pipelines of display screens of mobile phones and other electronic equipment. In one specific example, the measurement results are shown in fig. 3. It can be understood that the specific process for measuring the inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction can be adopted for measuring the inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the second direction, and details are not repeated herein.
In some optional implementation manners of this embodiment, the surface to be measured of the product is rectangular, the first direction is parallel to a long side of the rectangle, and the second direction is parallel to a short side of the rectangle.
In some optional implementation manners of the embodiment, the test points are selected from the surface to be measured of the product by using the standard image. By adopting the optional mode, the test points can be conveniently selected when the display screens of electronic equipment with the same size, such as mobile phones, are measured in batches.
As shown in fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention provides a system for measuring a horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product, which performs the above method, the system comprising:
a measuring platform for carrying a product;
the CCD camera is used for imaging the surface to be measured of the product; and
and the data processing unit (not shown in the figure) is used for calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera, and calculating the inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points along the first direction.
In some optional implementations of this embodiment, the system further includes: a storage unit (not shown in the figure) for storing the focal length and the pixel size of a known CCD camera. It will be appreciated that the storage unit may be an integrated local storage device, or an extended storage device, such as: a removable memory card, etc., and this embodiment is not particularly limited thereto.
It should be noted that the principle and the working process of the system for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the product surface provided in this embodiment are similar to those of the method for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the product surface, and reference may be made to the above description for relevant points, which are not described herein again.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments cannot be exhaustive, and all obvious variations and modifications belonging to the technical scheme of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring the horizontal inclination angle of the surface of a product is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product;
under the condition that an imaging optical axis of an imaging system with known focal length and pixel size of a CCD camera is aligned with the center of a surface to be detected of a product, imaging the surface to be detected of the product in the imaging system, and respectively calculating imaging distances between imaging points of two test points along a first direction on an imaging plane of the CCD camera and the center point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the first direction;
wherein, the calculating the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the first direction further comprises: calculating the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction according to the following formula:
wherein, theta1The inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction is shown; f is the focal length of the CCD camera; l is1And L2The imaging distances between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera,
and
the pixel distances between the imaging points of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera are respectively, and r is the pixel size of the CCD camera.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting two test points along the first direction of the surface under test of the product with the same actual distance from the center of the surface under test of the product further comprises: two test points which have the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be measured of the product and are respectively positioned at the edge position of the surface to be measured of the product are selected along the first direction of the surface to be measured of the product.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
selecting a plurality of groups of test points along a first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, wherein each group of test points comprises two test points with the same actual distance with the center of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of each test point along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of each group of test points in the first direction, and taking the average value of the inclination angles of the product surface to be tested corresponding to each group of test points in the first direction as the inclination angle of the product surface to be tested in the first direction.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the first direction of the surface to be tested of the product, and simultaneously selecting two test points with the same actual distance from the center of the surface to be tested of the product along the second direction of the surface to be tested of the product;
respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the second direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera while respectively calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera;
and calculating to obtain the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the second direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points in the second direction while obtaining the inclination angle of the surface to be measured of the product in the first direction through calculation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the surface of the product to be tested is a rectangle, the first direction is parallel to a long side of the rectangle, and the second direction is parallel to a short side of the rectangle.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the standard image is used to select test points on the surface of the product to be tested.
8. A system for measuring the horizontal tilt angle of a surface of a product for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, the system comprising:
a measuring platform for carrying a product;
the CCD camera is used for imaging the surface to be measured of the product; and
and the data processing unit is used for calculating the imaging distance between the imaging point of the two test points along the first direction on the imaging plane of the CCD camera and the central point of the imaging plane of the CCD camera, and calculating the inclination angle of the to-be-measured surface of the product in the first direction according to the focal length and the pixel size of the CCD camera and the imaging distance of the two test points along the first direction.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising: and the storage unit is used for storing the focal length and the pixel size of the known CCD camera.
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