CN109915023B - Extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The multi-aperture drilling device for the extraction drill hole based on the air permeability difference comprises a drill bit system, a special drill rod, a multi-stage expanding system and an installation and fixing system; the front end of the special drill rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the drill bit system, and the multi-stage expanding system is arranged outside the special drill rod through the mounting and fixing system; the invention also discloses a construction method of the extraction drill hole multi-aperture drilling device based on the air permeability difference. The invention provides a method for performing differential arrangement of the diameters of drill holes according to the permeability difference of coal beds; through the design of the special drill rod and the multi-stage drilling structure, the drilling of the drill holes with different apertures is achieved, the gas on the working face is uniformly extracted, the gas content of the coal bed is comprehensively reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a coal mine is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas treatment, and particularly relates to an extraction drill hole multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and a construction method thereof.
Background
The gas is used as associated gas in the coal forming process and coexists with coal. Because the gas is explosive, coal mine gas accidents are extremely harmful, and the personnel casualties and property losses are extremely high.
In order to realize coal mine gas treatment, a series of gas extraction methods such as cross-layer borehole gas extraction, bedding borehole gas extraction, ground gas extraction and the like are gradually formed. The bedding drilling gas extraction method is widely applied due to the fact that drilling holes are convenient to arrange and the extraction effect is good.
The geological conditions in China are complex, the coal formation process is influenced by multi-stage construction, so that the permeability of coal beds in different areas is greatly different, and the permeability difference of the coal beds is larger for small-structure development areas. Especially for the face affected by the mining activity, the permeability of the coal seam increases progressively with decreasing distance from the cut. Thus, there are great differences in permeability in different areas of the recovery face. However, the existing bedding drilling arrangement is mainly based on a single aperture arrangement, so that the gas extraction is relatively thorough in a region with good permeability in the same extraction time; and for the area with poor permeability, the gas extraction rate is lower. Therefore, after extraction is completed, an extraction blind area may exist, which leads to misjudgment of the extraction effect. When a blind zone is recovered, the method has greater harmfulness. Therefore, a device or a method is urgently needed, gas in different areas of a stope face can be comprehensively extracted, the gas content of a coal seam is uniformly reduced, gas extraction blind areas are reduced, and safe and efficient production of a coal mine is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and a construction method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the multi-aperture drilling device for the extraction drill hole based on the air permeability difference comprises a drill bit system, a special drill rod, a multi-stage expanding system and an installation and fixing system; the front end of the special drill rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the drill bit system, and the multi-stage expanding system is arranged outside the special drill rod through the mounting and fixing system;
the multistage expanding system comprises a plurality of expanding units which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the special drill rod, and the turning radius of the expanding units is gradually increased from front to back along the axial direction of the special drill rod; each diameter expanding unit comprises an installation sleeve sleeved outside a special drill rod, a plurality of diameter expanding bodies are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the installation sleeve, the cross section of the diameter expanding bodies, where the diameter expanding bodies are located together in the radial direction and the axial direction, is of a right-angled trapezoid structure, the right-angled waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure is connected with the installation sleeve, the length of the bottom side of the front side of the right-angled trapezoid structure is smaller than that of the bottom side of the rear side of the right-angled trapezoid structure, diameter expanding teeth are arranged on the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure, a plurality of clamping grooves are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the installation sleeve in the circumferential direction, clamping holes corresponding to the clamping grooves are formed in the special drill rod, the clamping holes of all the.
The installation fixing system comprises arc plates which are arranged on the same center line with a special drill rod, the number of the arc plates is equal to the number of clamping grooves in an installation sleeve, all the arc plates are arranged in the special drill rod and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the special drill rod, a bolt of a T-shaped structure is arranged in each clamping hole, the head of the bolt is positioned inside the special drill rod and is connected with the inner wall of the special drill rod through a spring, the rod part of the bolt penetrates through the clamping hole to extend into the clamping groove, the outer wall of the arc plates is fixedly connected with a screw rod along the radial direction, a perforation is formed in the special drill rod, the outer end of the screw rod penetrates through the perforation and is connected with a nut through threads, the nut is in crimping with.
The drill bit system comprises a drill bit body which is thin in the front and thick in the rear and is of a cone structure, drilling teeth are arranged on the outer circumference of the drill bit body, a water outlet hole is formed in the front end of the drill bit body, the rear end of the drill bit body is coaxially in threaded connection with the front end of the special drill rod, and the maximum radius of gyration of the drill bit body is smaller than that of the uppermost reaming unit.
The joint of the outer circumferential surface of the special drill rod and the inner side of the front end face of the mounting sleeve is correspondingly provided with a positioning bulge.
The head outside of bolt is provided with the stopper.
The construction method of the extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on the air permeability difference comprises the following steps,
(1) finding out the permeability distribution condition of the researched working face according to the contour line, the structural development condition and the stress distribution condition of the coal seam floor;
(2) determining reasonable extraction time of different areas according to the arrangement of the mining time and the mining progress of a working face;
(3) determining the drilling radius of different areas according to the extraction time difference and the permeability difference so as to achieve the aim of comprehensively and uniformly reducing the coal seam gas content;
(4) selecting a multistage expanding system of a corresponding level to be assembled according to the design radius;
(5) corresponding multi-stage expanding systems are arranged at corresponding positions of the special drill rods;
(6) connecting and fixing the rear end of the drill bit system with the front end of a special drill rod through threads; the rear end of the special drill rod is connected with a common drill rod, and the common drill rod is connected to a drilling machine;
(7) connecting corresponding power pipelines and starting drilling of a drilled hole;
(8) after completion, the drill bit system and the corresponding multi-stage hole expanding system are removed to prepare for the next drilling.
(9) And (5) repeating the steps (4) to (8) until drilling of all drill holes is completed.
The specific installation process of the step (5) is that the plurality of chambering units are sleeved outside the special drill rod, the turning radiuses of the plurality of chambering units are sequentially increased from front to back, so that the positioning protrusions on the installation sleeve correspond to the positioning protrusions outside the special drill rod, namely, the clamping grooves correspond to the clamping holes in a penetrating manner, then an arc-shaped plate extends into the special drill rod, a screw rod on the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate penetrates through a through hole on the special drill rod, a nut is screwed on the outer end of the screw rod, the screw rod moves outwards in the process of screwing the nut to drive the arc-shaped plate to jack the bolt outwards, the bolt extends out of the clamping hole and extends into the clamping groove, and the nut is stopped to be screwed until a limiting block is; and installing the rest arc-shaped plates in place in the special drill rod according to the installation process.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the special drill rod is externally provided with a multi-stage expanding system through a mounting and fixing system; the multistage reaming system is convenient to mount and dismount, and the number of the reaming units can be set according to the reaming diameter;
2. in order to facilitate the judgment of the convenient correspondence of the clamping groove and the clamping hole, positioning bulges are respectively designed on the special drill rod and the mounting sleeve, and when the positioning bulges correspond to each other, the corresponding position of the clamping groove and the clamping hole is a combinable position;
3. the arrangement of the limiting block can ensure that the nut compresses the special drill rod to firmly fix the arc-shaped plate, and can prevent the spring from being crushed, thereby ensuring that the spring keeps good elastic space;
4. the arrangement of the water outlet hole facilitates cooling and slag discharge of the drill bit body.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for performing differential arrangement of the drill hole diameters according to the coal seam permeability difference; through the design of the special drill rod and the multi-stage drilling structure, the drilling of the drill holes with different apertures is achieved, the gas on the working face is uniformly extracted, the gas content of the coal bed is comprehensively reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a coal mine is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference comprises a drill bit system, a special drill rod 1, a multi-stage expanding system and an installation fixing system; the front end of the special drill rod 1 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the drill bit system, and the multi-stage expanding system is arranged outside the special drill rod 1 through the mounting and fixing system;
the multistage expanding system comprises a plurality of expanding units which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the special drill rod 1, and the turning radius of the expanding units is gradually increased from front to back along the axial direction of the special drill rod 1; each expanding unit comprises an installation sleeve 2 sleeved outside a special drill rod 1, a plurality of expanding bodies 3 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the installation sleeve 2, the cross section of the expanding bodies 3 in the radial direction and the axial direction is of a right-angled trapezoid structure, the right-angled waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure is connected with the installation sleeve 2, the length of the front-side bottom side of the right-angled trapezoid structure is smaller than that of the rear-side bottom side, expanding teeth 4 are arranged on the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure, a plurality of clamping grooves 5 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the installation sleeve 2 in the circumferential direction, clamping holes 6 corresponding to the clamping grooves 5 are formed in the special drill rod 1, the clamping holes 6 of all the expanding units correspond to each other in the front and back one to one, and the installation fixing system is located inside the special drill.
The installation fixing system comprises arc plates 7 which are concentric with the special drill rod 1, the number of the arc plates 7 is equal to the number of clamping grooves 5 on an installation sleeve 2, all the arc plates 7 are arranged in the special drill rod 1 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the special drill rod 1, a pin 8 of a T-shaped structure is arranged in each clamping hole 6, the head of the pin 8 is positioned inside the special drill rod 1 and is connected with the inner wall of the special drill rod 1 through a spring, the rod part of the pin 8 penetrates through the clamping hole 6 and extends into the clamping groove 5, the outer wall of each arc plate 7 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 9 along the radial direction, a through hole is formed in the special drill rod 1, the outer end of each screw rod 9 penetrates through the through hole and is connected with a nut 10 in a threaded manner, the nut 10 is in outer circumferential compression connection with the.
The drill bit system comprises a drill bit body 11 which is thin in the front and thick in the rear and is in a cone structure, drilling teeth 12 are arranged on the outer circumference of the drill bit body 11, a water outlet hole 13 is formed in the front end of the drill bit body 11, the rear end of the drill bit body 11 is coaxially in threaded connection with the front end of the special drill rod 1, and the maximum turning radius of the drill bit body 11 is smaller than that of the uppermost reaming unit.
The joint of the outer circumferential surface of the special drill rod 1 and the inner side of the front end surface of the mounting sleeve 2 is correspondingly provided with a positioning bulge 14.
The head outside of bolt 8 is provided with stopper 15.
The construction method of the extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on the air permeability difference comprises the following steps,
(1) finding out the permeability distribution condition of the researched working face according to the contour line, the structural development condition and the stress distribution condition of the coal seam floor;
(2) determining reasonable extraction time of different areas according to the arrangement of the mining time and the mining progress of a working face;
(3) determining the drilling radius of different areas according to the extraction time difference and the permeability difference so as to achieve the aim of comprehensively and uniformly reducing the coal seam gas content;
(4) selecting a multistage expanding system of a corresponding level to be assembled according to the design radius;
(5) corresponding multi-stage expanding systems are arranged at corresponding positions of the special drill rod 1;
(6) the rear end of the drill bit system is fixedly connected with the front end of the special drill rod 1 through threads; the rear end of the special drill rod 1 is connected with a common drill rod, and the common drill rod is connected to a drilling machine;
(7) connecting corresponding power pipelines and starting drilling of a drilled hole;
(8) after completion, the drill bit system and the corresponding multi-stage hole expanding system are removed to prepare for the next drilling.
(9) And (5) repeating the steps (4) to (8) until drilling of all drill holes is completed.
The specific installation process of the step (5) is that a plurality of chambering units are sleeved outside the special drill rod 1, the turning radiuses of the chambering units are sequentially increased from front to back, so that the positioning protrusions 14 on the installation sleeve 2 correspond to the positioning protrusions 14 outside the special drill rod 1, namely, the clamping grooves 5 are through corresponding to the clamping holes 6, then an arc-shaped plate 7 extends into the special drill rod 1, a screw 9 on the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate 7 penetrates through a through hole on the special drill rod 1, a nut 10 is screwed on the outer end of the screw 9, the screw 9 moves outwards in the process of screwing the nut 10 to drive the arc-shaped plate 7 to outwards press the bolt 8, the bolt 8 extends out of the clamping hole 6 and extends into the clamping groove 5, and the screwing of the nut 10 is stopped until a limiting block 15 is in pressing contact with the inner wall of the special drill; the remaining arc plates 7 are mounted in place inside the special drill rod 1 according to the above-described mounting procedure.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Gas permeability difference-based multi-aperture drilling device for extraction drill holes is characterized in that: the drilling system comprises a drill bit system, a special drill rod, a multi-stage expanding system and an installation and fixing system; the front end of the special drill rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rear end of the drill bit system, and the multi-stage expanding system is arranged outside the special drill rod through the mounting and fixing system;
the multistage expanding system comprises a plurality of expanding units which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the special drill rod, and the turning radius of the expanding units is gradually increased from front to back along the axial direction of the special drill rod; each diameter expanding unit comprises an installation sleeve sleeved outside the special drill rod, a plurality of diameter expanding bodies are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the installation sleeve, the section where the diameter expanding bodies are jointly located along the radial direction and the axial direction is of a right-angled trapezoid structure, the right-angled waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure is connected with the installation sleeve, the length of the bottom side of the front side of the right-angled trapezoid structure is smaller than that of the bottom side of the rear side of the right-angled trapezoid structure, diameter expanding teeth are arranged on the oblique waist of the right-angled trapezoid structure, a plurality of clamping grooves are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the installation sleeve along the circumferential direction, clamping holes corresponding to the clamping grooves are formed in the special drill rod, the clamping holes of all the diameter expanding units correspond to each other one;
the installation fixing system comprises arc plates which are arranged on the same center line with a special drill rod, the number of the arc plates is equal to the number of clamping grooves in an installation sleeve, all the arc plates are arranged in the special drill rod and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the special drill rod, a bolt of a T-shaped structure is arranged in each clamping hole, the head of the bolt is positioned inside the special drill rod and is connected with the inner wall of the special drill rod through a spring, the rod part of the bolt penetrates through the clamping hole to extend into the clamping groove, the outer wall of the arc plates is fixedly connected with a screw rod along the radial direction, a perforation is formed in the special drill rod, the outer end of the screw rod penetrates through the perforation and is connected with a nut through threads, the nut is in crimping with.
2. The extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the drill bit system comprises a drill bit body which is thin in the front and thick in the rear and is of a cone structure, drilling teeth are arranged on the outer circumference of the drill bit body, a water outlet hole is formed in the front end of the drill bit body, the rear end of the drill bit body is coaxially in threaded connection with the front end of the special drill rod, and the maximum radius of gyration of the drill bit body is smaller than that of the uppermost reaming unit.
3. The extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the joint of the outer circumferential surface of the special drill rod and the inner side of the front end face of the mounting sleeve is correspondingly provided with a positioning bulge.
4. The extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the head outside of bolt is provided with the stopper.
5. The construction method of the extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on the air permeability difference as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) finding out the permeability distribution condition of the researched working face according to the contour line, the structural development condition and the stress distribution condition of the coal seam floor;
(2) determining reasonable extraction time of different areas according to the arrangement of the mining time and the mining progress of a working face;
(3) determining the drilling radius of different areas according to the extraction time difference and the permeability difference so as to achieve the aim of comprehensively and uniformly reducing the coal seam gas content;
(4) selecting a multistage expanding system of a corresponding level to be assembled according to the design radius;
(5) corresponding multi-stage expanding systems are arranged at corresponding positions of the special drill rods;
(6) connecting and fixing the rear end of the drill bit system with the front end of a special drill rod through threads; the rear end of the special drill rod is connected with a common drill rod, and the common drill rod is connected to a drilling machine;
(7) connecting corresponding power pipelines and starting drilling of a drilled hole;
(8) after the drilling is finished, removing the drill bit system and the corresponding multi-stage expanding system to prepare for the drilling of the next drilling hole;
(9) and (5) repeating the steps (4) to (8) until drilling of all drill holes is completed.
6. The construction method of the extraction borehole multi-aperture drilling device based on the air permeability difference as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the specific installation process of the step (5) is that the plurality of chambering units are sleeved outside the special drill rod, the turning radiuses of the plurality of chambering units are sequentially increased from front to back, so that the positioning protrusions on the installation sleeve correspond to the positioning protrusions outside the special drill rod, namely, the clamping grooves correspond to the clamping holes in a penetrating manner, then an arc-shaped plate extends into the special drill rod, a screw rod on the outer wall of the arc-shaped plate penetrates through a through hole on the special drill rod, a nut is screwed on the outer end of the screw rod, the screw rod moves outwards in the process of screwing the nut to drive the arc-shaped plate to jack the bolt outwards, the bolt extends out of the clamping hole and extends into the clamping groove, and the nut is stopped to be screwed until a limiting block is; and installing the rest arc-shaped plates in place in the special drill rod according to the installation process.
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| CN201910270493.3A CN109915023B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and construction method thereof |
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| CN201910270493.3A CN109915023B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Extraction drilling multi-aperture drilling device based on air permeability difference and construction method thereof |
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| CN110331939B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-02-12 | 镇江市凯越工具有限公司 | Special enlarger of rock |
| CN115822464B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-06-16 | 华北水利水电大学 | Geological exploration reaming device |
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| US3967689A (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1976-07-06 | Tidril Corporation | Reaming apparatus |
| DE4403040A1 (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1995-08-03 | Schwarzloh Hans Peter | Widening drill bit for widening pilot hole in loose stone |
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