CN109913915A - A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109913915A CN109913915A CN201910285121.8A CN201910285121A CN109913915A CN 109913915 A CN109913915 A CN 109913915A CN 201910285121 A CN201910285121 A CN 201910285121A CN 109913915 A CN109913915 A CN 109913915A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of super-hydrophobic nano composite material, include following preparation step: the pretreatment of metal surface, plating, oxidation, is modified the preparation of electroplate liquid, the contact angle for the super-hydrophobic nano composite material being prepared reaches 173 °, 3 ° of roll angle, and the material wear-resistant has the characteristics that long-acting hydrophobic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to super hydrophobic material technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of super-hydrophobic nano composite material
Method.
Background technique
Super hydrophobic material refers to material table and is greater than 150 ° and material of the roll angle less than 10 ° with the contact angle of water.It is super thin
Water material has the characteristics such as automatically cleaning, stain resistant, therefore, can carry out development and application to super hydrophobic material, make it in space flight
The fields such as the waterproof of the equipment to work under the lossless transport of military project, agricultural, pipeline, building construction and various open-air atmospheres, anti-icing
It holds out broad prospects.
It since super hydrophobic material is widely used, has broad application prospects, the preparation method of super hydrophobic material is not yet
Disconnected to update, existing preparation method has: template, etching method, phase separation method, chemical vapour deposition technique, method of electrostatic spinning, layer by layer group
Dress method, sol-gel method, electrochemical deposition method, solution immerse method etc., although being used to prepare super hydrophobic material there are many method,
But coating abrasion performance and ageing-resistant problem are still had, many hydrophobic structures are destroyed more easily and lose because insecure
Super-hydrophobicity.
Therefore, it in terms of the selection of material and preparation process, is further improved.
Summary of the invention
To solve the not wear-resisting technical problem of current super hydrophobic material destructible, coating, the invention discloses a kind of super thin
The preparation method of water nanocomposite reaches excellent wearability and long-acting hydrophobic technical effect.
In order to achieve the above objectives, it is achieved by following technical solution:
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material includes following preparation step:
Step 1: the pretreatment of metal surface: first polishing to metal surface with sand paper, obtains the coarse knot of micron order
Structure, then it is cleaned by ultrasonic 10-30min with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water, it is then cleaned, is dried up, for use with dilute sulfuric acid；
Step 2: the preparation of electroplate liquid: copper sulphate and nickel sulfate is soluble in water, and configuration obtains sulfur acid copper 0.05-
0.1mol/L, the electroplate liquid of nickel sulfate 0.05-0.1mol/L, fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 5-8g/L；
Step 3: using metal works to be crossed is cathodes obtained by step 1, using platinized platinum or carbon as anode, being electroplated described in step 2
It is electroplated in liquid, 10min then is cleaned by ultrasonic to cathode deionized water, is put into 60 DEG C of dry 1-3h in air dry oven,
Obtain electroplating parts 1；
Step 4: step 3 gained electroplating parts 1 being placed in alkanoic acid ethanol solution of drawing money on credit and react 1.5-2.5h, are dried up
Afterwards, super-hydrophobic nano composite material is obtained.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule includes following preparation step:
Step 1: according to a certain percentage by raw material (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3It is dissolved in deionization
In water, it is uniform to be configured to solution & stir, obtains mixed solution 1；
Step 2: mixed solution 1 being added by being heated to 90-100 DEG C in bath, heating and being stirred continuously, moisture evaporates shape
At viscous fluid, takes out solution and be placed in drying in air dry oven, obtain tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder；
Step 3: crossing 80 meshes after the grinding of tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder, obtain the preferable powder of mobility, then put
Enter and restored in high frequency plasma device, obtains fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule.
Preferably, the described (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3Mass ratio be (1-4): (5-8):
(1-4)。
Preferably, it draws money on credit described in the step 4 and also contains complexant for electroplating in alkanoic acid ethanol solution.
Preferably, the complexant for electroplating is the one or several kinds of ammonium citrate, sodium citrate or sodium gluconate.
Preferably, the complexing agent is the complexant for electroplating that ammonium citrate and sodium citrate are prepared according to mass ratio 1:1.
Preferably, concentration of copper sulfate is 0.08mol/L in the step 2, nickel sulfate 0.06mol/L, and fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium is multiple
Close powder 6g/L.
Preferably, drying time is 1.5h in the step 3.
Preferably, the alkanoic acid of drawing money on credit is tetradecanoic acid~octadecanoid acid.
The utility model has the advantages that
The preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material of the present invention is first polished metal surface with sand paper, then uses galvanoplastic
Copper, nickel and fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule are electroplated to metal surface, at relatively high temperatures by air blower, copper is oxidized to oxygen
Change copper, copper oxide is reacted with alkanoic acid of drawing money on credit again, generates the extremely strong dewatering nano composite material of hydrophobic effect.Complexing agent its
It is to be complexed with plating solution main salt in fact, forms more stable metal complex ion, which adds concentration polarization and activation polarization,
Slow down deposition rate of metal, coating is more careful.It is high after wherein fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule and nickel are electroplated to metal surface
Degree is higher than the height of Modified Cu, plays the role of protecting Modified Cu, avoids destruction of the extraneous friction to alkanoic acid branch, reaches wear-resisting
Performance greatly improves, and has long-acting ultra-hydrophobicity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: influence of the 2 gained sample frictional distance of embodiment to contact angle；
Fig. 2: influence of the 2 gained sample frictional distance of embodiment to roll angle；
Fig. 3: copper oxide and alkanoic acid reaction principle figure of drawing money on credit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material includes following preparation step:
Step 1: the pretreatment of metal surface: first polishing to metal surface with sand paper, obtains the coarse knot of micron order
Structure, then it is cleaned by ultrasonic 10min with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water, it is then cleaned, is dried up, for use with dilute sulfuric acid；
Step 2: the preparation of electroplate liquid: copper sulphate and nickel sulfate is soluble in water, and configuration obtains sulfur acid copper 0.05mol/
L, the electroplate liquid of nickel sulfate 0.05mol/L, fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 5g/L；
Step 3: using metal works to be crossed is cathodes obtained by step 1, using platinized platinum or carbon as anode, being electroplated described in step 2
It is electroplated in liquid, 10min then is cleaned by ultrasonic to cathode deionized water, 60 DEG C of dry 1h in air dry oven is put into, obtains
Electroplating parts 1；
Step 4: step 3 gained electroplating parts 1 being placed in tetradecanoic acid ethanol solution and react 1.5h, after drying, are obtained super
Dewatering nano composite material, wherein also containing ammonium citrate electroplating and complexing in tetradecanoic acid ethanol solution described in the step 4
Agent.
The preparation method of fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule described in the present embodiment includes following preparation step:
Step 1: according to a certain percentage by raw material (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3It is dissolved in deionization
In water, it is uniform to be configured to solution & stir, obtains mixed solution 1；
Step 2: by mixed solution 1 be added by being heated to 90 DEG C in bath, heating and being stirred continuously, moisture evaporate to be formed it is viscous
Magma takes out solution and is placed in drying in air dry oven, obtains tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder；
Step 3: crossing 80 meshes after the grinding of tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder, obtain the preferable powder of mobility, then put
Enter and restored in high frequency plasma device, obtains fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule.
(the NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3Mass ratio be 1:5:1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material includes following preparation step:
Step 1: the pretreatment of metal surface: first polishing to metal surface with sand paper, obtains the coarse knot of micron order
Structure, then it is cleaned by ultrasonic 15min with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water, it is then cleaned, is dried up, for use with dilute sulfuric acid；
Step 2: the preparation of electroplate liquid: copper sulphate and nickel sulfate is soluble in water, configuration obtain sulfur acid copper 0.1mol/L,
Electroplate liquid, the fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 8g/L of nickel sulfate 0.1mol/L；
Step 3: using metal works to be crossed is cathodes obtained by step 1, using platinized platinum or carbon as anode, being electroplated described in step 2
It is electroplated in liquid, 10min then is cleaned by ultrasonic to cathode deionized water, 60 DEG C of dry 3h in air dry oven is put into, obtains
Electroplating parts 1；
Step 4: step 3 gained electroplating parts 1 being placed in hexadecanoic acid ethanol solution and react 2.0h, after drying, are obtained super
Dewatering nano composite material also contains complexant for electroplating, the complexing agent in hexadecanoic acid ethanol solution described in the step 4
The complexant for electroplating prepared for ammonium citrate and sodium citrate according to mass ratio 1:1.
The preparation method of fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule described in the present embodiment includes following preparation step:
Step 1: according to a certain percentage by raw material (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3It is dissolved in deionization
In water, it is uniform to be configured to solution & stir, obtains mixed solution 1；
Step 2: by mixed solution 1 be added by being heated to 95 DEG C in bath, heating and being stirred continuously, moisture evaporate to be formed it is viscous
Magma takes out solution and is placed in drying in air dry oven, obtains tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder；
Step 3: crossing 80 meshes after the grinding of tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder, obtain the preferable powder of mobility, then put
Enter and restored in high frequency plasma device, obtains fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule.
(the NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3Mass ratio be 3:6:2.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material includes following preparation step:
Step 1: the pretreatment of metal surface: first polishing to metal surface with sand paper, obtains the coarse knot of micron order
Structure, then it is cleaned by ultrasonic 30min with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water, it is then cleaned, is dried up, for use with dilute sulfuric acid；
Step 2: the preparation of electroplate liquid: copper sulphate and nickel sulfate is soluble in water, configuration obtain sulfur acid copper 0.1mol/L,
Electroplate liquid, the fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 8g/L of nickel sulfate 0.1mol/L；
Step 3: using metal works to be crossed is cathodes obtained by step 1, using platinized platinum or carbon as anode, being electroplated described in step 2
It is electroplated in liquid, 10min then is cleaned by ultrasonic to cathode deionized water, 60 DEG C of dry 3h in air dry oven is put into, obtains
Electroplating parts 1；
Step 4: step 3 gained electroplating parts 1 being placed in octadecanoid acid ethanol solution and react 2.5h, after drying, are obtained super
Dewatering nano composite material also contains complexant for electroplating, the complexing agent in octadecanoid acid ethanol solution described in the step 4
The complexant for electroplating prepared for ammonium citrate and sodium citrate according to mass ratio 1:1.
The preparation method of fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule described in the present embodiment includes following preparation step:
Step 1: according to a certain percentage by raw material (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3It is dissolved in deionization
In water, it is uniform to be configured to solution & stir, obtains mixed solution 1；
Step 2: mixed solution 1 being added by being heated to 90-100 DEG C in bath, heating and being stirred continuously, moisture evaporates shape
At viscous fluid, takes out solution and be placed in drying in air dry oven, obtain tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder；
Step 3: crossing 80 meshes after the grinding of tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder, obtain the preferable powder of mobility, then put
Enter and restored in high frequency plasma device, obtains fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule.
Preferably, the described (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3Mass ratio be 1:2:1.
Abrasion test parameter:
Wearability be an important side of materials'use performance and.Before closing date, the super-hydrophobic material in people part manually developed
The wearability of material not to the utmost comply with one's wishes, therefore, improve super hydrophobic material wearability be super hydrophobic material research an important side and.
The super-hydrophobic copper developed of the present invention under 1.25kPa pressure when being dragged on 1500 mesh sand paper, water contact angle and roll angle with
Dragging distance between relationship it is as shown in Figure 1, 2, with gradually increasing for frictional distance, water contact angle is slowly reduced, friction away from
From when being no more than 1000mm, contact angle is still at 150 ° or more, and contact angle is reduced to 150 ° after frictional distance reaches 1000mm
Hereinafter, and as the contact angle that continues growing of frictional distance further declines.In addition, as frictional distance gradually increases, rolling
Dynamic angle is gradually increased from less than 3 °, and when frictional distance reaches 1000mm, roll angle reaches 90 ° of maximum value, when frictional distance continues
When increase, water droplet is no longer rolled.
The above is only not to make limit in any form to the present invention to better embodiment of the invention
System, any simple modification that embodiment of above is made according to the technical essence of the invention, equivalent variations and modification,
Belong in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material, which is characterized in that include following preparation step:
Step 1: the pretreatment of metal surface: first polishing to metal surface with sand paper, obtains the coarse structure of micron order, then
It is cleaned by ultrasonic 10-30min with dehydrated alcohol, deionized water, is then cleaned, dried up, for use with dilute sulfuric acid；
Step 2: the preparation of electroplate liquid: copper sulphate and nickel sulfate is soluble in water, and configuration obtains sulfur acid copper 0.05-0.1mol/
L, the electroplate liquid of nickel sulfate 0.05-0.1mol/L, fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 5-8g/L；
Step 3: using metal works to be crossed is cathodes obtained by step 1, using platinized platinum or carbon as anode, in the electroplate liquid described in step 2
It is electroplated, 10min then is cleaned by ultrasonic to cathode deionized water, 60 DEG C of dry 1-3h in air dry oven is put into, obtains electric
Plate workpiece 1；
Step 4: step 3 gained electroplating parts 1 being placed in alkanoic acid ethanol solution of drawing money on credit and react 1.5-2.5h, after drying, are obtained
Super-hydrophobic nano composite material.
2. a kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic nano composite material, which is characterized in that the system of the fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule
Preparation Method includes following preparation step:
Step 1: according to a certain percentage by raw material (NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al(NO3)3It is dissolved in deionized water,
It is uniform to be configured to solution & stir, obtains mixed solution 1；
Step 2: by mixed solution 1 be added by being heated to 90-100 DEG C in bath, heating and being stirred continuously, moisture evaporate to be formed it is viscous
Magma takes out solution and is placed in drying in air dry oven, obtains tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder；
Step 3: crossing 80 meshes after the grinding of tungsten copper aluminium precursor powder, obtain the preferable powder of mobility, then put it into height
It is restored in frequency plasma apparatus, obtains fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that (the NH4)6H2W12O40、Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Al
(NO3)3Mass ratio be (1-4): (5-8): (1-4).
4. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step 4
It draws money on credit and also contains complexant for electroplating in alkanoic acid ethanol solution.
5. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the complexing agent is lemon
The one or several kinds of lemon acid ammonium, sodium citrate or sodium gluconate.
6. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the complexing agent is lemon
The complexant for electroplating that lemon acid ammonium and sodium citrate are prepared according to mass ratio 1:1.
7. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sulphur in the step 2
Sour copper concentration is 0.08mol/L, nickel sulfate 0.06mol/L, fine/nano tungsten-copper aluminium composite granule 6g/L.
8. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that done in the step 3
The dry time is 1.5h.
9. super-hydrophobic nano composite material and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alkanoic acid of drawing money on credit
For tetradecanoic acid-octadecanoid acid.
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