CN109912293A - Granite texture ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Granite texture ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109912293A
CN109912293A CN201910299933.8A CN201910299933A CN109912293A CN 109912293 A CN109912293 A CN 109912293A CN 201910299933 A CN201910299933 A CN 201910299933A CN 109912293 A CN109912293 A CN 109912293A
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mgo
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梁桐灿
曾凡平
蔡三良
高效东
梁耀龙
丁英美
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Guangdong Hongwei Ceramic Industry Co Ltd
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Guangdong Hongwei Ceramic Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/092759 priority patent/WO2020211191A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of granite texture ceramic tile and preparation method thereof, green body chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO2 68~70%, Al2O3 18~19%, Fe2O3 < 1.0%, TiO2 < 0.3%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 1.5%, K2O 2.5~2.8%, Na2O 2.0~2.5%, burns and loses < 4.5%；The weight percent of its ground coat enamel raw material matches are as follows: potassium feldspar 35%~40%, zirconium silicate 8%~10%, calcined kaolin 10%~15%, kaolin 7%~10%, zinc oxide 5%~8%, barium carbonate 13%~17%, surplus are additive；Its overglaze material is the high temperature dumb light dry granular that mesh number is 10~120；Its firing temperature is 1210~1240 DEG C, and firing period is 150~160 minutes.The present invention is by adjusting body preparation technique, the ground coat enamel formula for optimizing ceramic tile, the ceramic tile texture being prepared is naturally smooth, not only visually has stronger stereoscopic effect, and have the sandstone particle feel of lithotome, with the Nature granite building material texture, color pattern is exactly the same, meets consumer demand.

Description

Granite texture ceramic tile and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic tile technical fields, in particular to the ceramic tile with granite texture and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Since some natural granite stone materials have the ring of radioactivity (seriously endangering people's health), stone machining processing The problems such as border problem, the color difference of paving process, expensive, resource shortage, limit the use scope of natural granite stone material. There are many granolith type currently on the market, but the natural trend of its pattern, texture, the texture on surface, practicability all can not It compares favourably with lithotome.Therefore, there is an urgent need to a in the market reaches from pattern texture, visual effect and texture, tactile The high-end tiles of " granite " decorative effect go that granite building material is replaced to meet consumer demand.
How enterprise original ceramic tile production technology is combined, and adjustment body preparation technique, optimization glaze formula adjust mating Processing parameter obtains the ceramic tile with granite texture texture, is the critical issue for needing to solve at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of granite texture ceramic tiles and preparation method thereof, to improve ceramic tile The decorative effect and added value of product of product.
Used technical solution to solve above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of granite texture ceramic tile, green body chemical component Mass percent are as follows: SiO268~70%, Al2O318~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.3%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 1.5%, K2O 2.5~2.8%, Na2O 2.0~2.5%, it burns and loses < 4.5%；The weight percent of its ground coat enamel raw material matches are as follows: potassium Feldspar 35%~40%, zirconium silicate 8%~10%, calcined kaolin 10%~15%, kaolin 7%~10%, zinc oxide 5%~8%, barium carbonate 13%~17%, surplus are additive；Its overglaze material is that the high temperature dumb light that mesh number is 10~120 is dry Grain.
On the basis of the above, blank raw material weight percent matches are as follows: the first porcelain sand 6%~10%, the second porcelain sand 3% ~7%, third porcelain sand 4%~8%, the 4th porcelain sand 8%~12%, the first mountain flour 20%~24%, the second mountain flour 18%~ 22%, mud 6%~10%, the first clay 5%~9%, the second clay 9%~13%, fluxing agent 2.5%~3.5%, wherein
First porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO265~72%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
Second porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO270~75%, Al2O315~18%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Third porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~73%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
4th porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO260~65%, Al2O320~25%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~6%,
First mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 2~3%, it burns and loses 1~2%,
Second mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 3~4%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Argillization ingredient percent are as follows: SiO263~68%, Al2O319~24%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 6~8%,
First clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~70%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~8%,
Second clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~71%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~3%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 7~10%.
On the basis of the above, wherein
The chemical component mass percent of potassium feldspar are as follows: SiO270~72%, Al2O318~20%, Fe2O3< 0.2%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 3~5%, K2O 8~10%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
The chemical component mass percent of zirconium silicate are as follows: SiO232~34%, ZrO60~63%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.1%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
Calcined kaolin chemical component mass percent is SiO251~54%, Al2O345~47%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.8%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 0.2%, Na2O < 0.1%,
Kaolinization ingredient percent is SiO254~56%, Al2O331~33%, Fe2O3< 0.5%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.1%, MgO < 0.8%, burning lose 9~11%.
On the basis of the above, wherein the chemical component mass percent of the high temperature dumb light dry granular are as follows: SiO261.2%, Al2O316.1%, Fe2O30.1%, TiO20.1%, CaO 12.5%, MgO 3.1%, K2O 1.4%, Na2O 5.2%, It burns and loses 0.3%.
On the basis of the above, wherein the size distribution of the high temperature dumb light dry granular are as follows: 10~20 mesh 20%, 30~60 mesh 50%, 60~80 mesh 20%, 80~120 mesh 10%.
Another technical solution used by solve above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile, Its green body chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~70%, Al2O318~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.3%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 1.5%, K2O 2.5~2.8%, Na2O 2.0~2.5%, it burns and loses < 4.5%；Its ground coat enamel raw material Weight percent proportion are as follows: potassium feldspar 35%~40%, zirconium silicate 8%~10%, calcined kaolin 10%~15%, kaolinite Native 7%~10%, zinc oxide 5%~8%, barium carbonate 13%~17%, surplus is additive；Its overglaze material is that mesh number is 10 ~120 high temperature dumb light dry granular；Its firing temperature is 1210~1240 DEG C, and firing period is 150~160 minutes.
On the basis of the above, blank raw material weight percent matches are as follows: the first porcelain sand 6%~10%, the second porcelain sand 3% ~7%, third porcelain sand 4%~8%, the 4th porcelain sand 8%~12%, the first mountain flour 20%~24%, the second mountain flour 18%~ 22%, mud 6%~10%, the first clay 5%~9%, the second clay 9%~13%, fluxing agent 2.5%~3.5%, wherein
First porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO265~72%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
Second porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO270~75%, Al2O315~18%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Third porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~73%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
4th porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO260~65%, Al2O320~25%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~6%,
First mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 2~3%, it burns and loses 1~2%,
Second mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 3~4%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Argillization ingredient percent are as follows: SiO263~68%, Al2O319~24%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 6~8%,
First clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~70%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~8%,
Second clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~71%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~3%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 7~10%.
On the basis of the above, wherein
The chemical component mass percent of potassium feldspar are as follows: SiO270~72%, Al2O318~20%, Fe2O3< 0.2%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 3~5%, K2O 8~10%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
The chemical component mass percent of zirconium silicate are as follows: SiO232~34%, ZrO60~63%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.1%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
Calcined kaolin chemical component mass percent is SiO251~54%, Al2O345~47%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.8%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 0.2%, Na2O < 0.1%,
Kaolinization ingredient percent is SiO254~56%, Al2O331~33%, Fe2O3< 0.5%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.1%, MgO < 0.8%, burning lose 9~11%.
On the basis of the above, wherein the chemical component mass percent of the high temperature dumb light dry granular are as follows: SiO261.2%, Al2O316.1%, Fe2O30.1%, TiO20.1%, CaO 12.5%, MgO 3.1%, K2O 1.4%, Na2O 5.2%, It burns and loses 0.3%.
On the basis of the above, wherein the size distribution of the high temperature dumb light dry granular are as follows: 10~20 mesh 20%, 30~60 mesh 50%, 60~80 mesh 20%, 80~120 mesh 10%.
Using, the utility model has the advantages that being in contrast to the prior art, the present invention is by adjusting optimization porcelain brought by the present invention The body preparation technique of brick, ground coat enamel formula improve the content of aluminium oxide and barium carbonate in formula, and introduce zinc oxide, oxygen in right amount Change magnesium, glaze chromophoric characteristic is strong, glaze is three-dimensional, sandstone sense is strong, hardness is high.The ceramic tile texture being prepared is naturally smooth, not only Visually there is a stronger stereoscopic effect, and has the sandstone particle feel of lithotome, and the Nature granite building material texture, Color pattern is exactly the same, meets consumer demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of granite texture ceramic tile preparation method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
1, the preparation of green body
The green body of granite texture tile product production is identical as the Antique Imitation Tiles green body normally produced, is formulated the original used Material is mainly mud, sand, the stone near factory, and specific chemical composition analysis is shown in Table 1 granite base raw material chemical composition. Note: 1#, 2# that is to say first, second meaning in table, and so on.
1 granite base of table is with raw material chemical composition (by mass percentage)
2 granite blank raw material formula composition (by mass percentage) of table
The green body chemical composition (by mass percentage) of 3 granite ceramic tile of table
It prepares green body: choosing corresponding proportion by 1 granite base raw material chemical composition of table and 2 blank raw material formula composition of table 1# porcelain sand, 2# porcelain sand, 3# porcelain sand, 1# mountain flour, 2# mountain flour, mud, 1# clay, 2# clay, fluxing agent and added weight percentage Than the auxiliary material for 1.5-2.5%, suitable water is added through ball milling is fine crushing and tails over quality hundred at fineness for 250 meshes Dividing the slurry than for 0.8%~1.2% and containing mass percent being 35%~36% moisture, addition colorant is mixed colours to version, Through the powder containing mass percent for 7.0%~7.8% moisture is made except iron sieving spray drying, powder is dedicated through granite Mold compacting, drying, so that the green body of granite ceramic tile be made.Additional auxiliary material therein includes sodium tripolyphosphate, five water Sodium metasilicate and sodium carbonate.
Wherein, green body working process parameter are as follows: (1) Ball-milling Time: 11~12 hours；(2) slurry density: 1.70~ 1.72g/ml；(3) fineness: 0.8~1.2% (250 mesh screen residue)；(4) moisture content: 35~36%；(5) flow velocity: 100ml volts of cups Delivery time 40~70 seconds；(6) powder lot humidity: 7.0~7.8%；(7) powder particles gradation: it is more than 40 mesh≤50%；40 mesh ~60 mesh: 30%~45%；60 mesh~100 mesh: 10%~20%；Below 100 mesh≤5%.
The preparation of 2 glaze
4 granite glaze of table is with raw material chemical composition (by mass percentage)
It prepares glaze: choosing corresponding ratio by the glaze raw material chemical composition and 5 glaze chemical composition of table of 4 granite ceramic tile of table The potassium feldspar of example, calcining kaolinite, kaolin, calcining whiten stone, zirconium silicate, zinc oxide, wollastonite and added weight percentage For 1.0~1.5% auxiliary material, suitable water is added through ball milling is fine crushing and tails over quality percentage at fineness for 325 meshes Than the glaze slip for for 0.3%~0.5% and containing mass percent being 28%~32% moisture, technique is sprayed after except iron sieving and is existed Apply ground coat enamel and dry granular on green body respectively, granite ceramic tile can be obtained using pasting, grand feu, edging；It is therein outer Adding auxiliary material includes sodium tripolyphosphate and methyl.
Glaze working process parameter: (1) glaze fineness: 0.3-0.5% (325 mesh screen residue)；(2) density: 1.85- 1.90g/ml；(3) moisture: 28-32%；(4) flow velocity: 100ml volts of cups flow out 50-100 seconds.
Two pieces of molding technique parameter product specification (600 × 600): (1) press model: PH3590T；(2) pressing cycle: 3--6 beats/min；(3) operating pressure: 270--290bar.
Drying parameter: (1) dry kiln is long × wide: 150 × 3.5 meters；(2) drying temperature: 300 DEG C or less；(3) period: 150~160 minutes.
Glazing process parameter: (1) 70~75 DEG C of dry body surface temperature；(2) amount of water sprayed: 8~12g/300 disk；(3) ground coat enamel Specific gravity: 1.43~1.45g/ml；(4) ground coat enamel glaze volume: 39~41g/300 disk；(5) dry granular starches specific gravity: 1.43~1.45g/ml； (6) dry granular glaze volume: 20~22g/300 disk.
Firing process parameter: (1) calcining kiln is long × wide: 190 × 2.8 meters；(2) firing temperature: 1210~1240 DEG C；(3) Period: 150~160 minutes.
Wherein, in the present invention, in order to enable tile mask has that sandstone particle feel of granite, by the present invention in that with High pressure large aperture spray gun sprays high temperature dumb light dry granular, and brick face is made to reach the particle feel of that sandstone of granite.Dry granular production master If by the way that temperature resistant transparent frit is broken into fine particle.In order to make dry granular that there is higher hardness and stronger transparent effect, The content of the aluminium oxide and silica in frit formula is improved in experiment.
Wherein, shown in the chemical composition table 5 of high temperature dumb light dry granular:
The chemical composition (mass percent) of 5 dry granular of table
Dry granular is in irregular particle shape, and surface corner angle are clearly demarcated.Size distribution is uneven, and there are 200 μm of bulky grains, also deposits In a certain amount of 50 μm or so of little particle.The granularity of dry granular has large effect to the smoothness of ceramic tile surface.Dry granular partial size When excessive, dry granular can not melt completely in calcination process, cause brick face coarse；When dry granular partial size is smaller, dry granular can not play again The effect of the soft throwing of its carbon brush, causes brick face excessively smooth, loses charm, does not reach desired effects.By test of many times ratio It is right, show that the best distribution of particles of dry granular is as shown in table 6:
Table 6: the distribution of particles table of dry granular:
3 process flows, as shown in Figure 1.
In the present invention, it is stood on ground coat enamel to enable dry granular to glue, reaches the sandstone particle feel effect of granite face Fruit, it is desirable that ground coat enamel melting temperature with higher.This project is by improving alumina content in ground coat enamel formula, to improve bottom The melting temperature of glaze.In addition, aluminium oxide (Al2O3) as the intermediate for forming network, increase Al in glaze2O3Content can be improved The physical properties such as hardness, corrosion resistance and the chemical stability of overglaze.In general, the Al in glaze formula2O3It is with potassium feldspar, sodium The forms such as feldspar, kaolin, industrial alumina powder introduce.But the Al in potassium, albite2O3Content is usually relatively low.Institute Containing for the alkali metal such as potassium sodium can be significantly improved instead if improving the content of aluminium oxide by way of introducing potassium, albite Amount.The melting temperature that this will lead to ground coat enamel formula is too low, so that high temperature dumb light dry granular is fallen into glaze layer, leads to product glaze excessively Smoothly, the sandstone particle feel of granite face is lost.And introduced by alumina powder, then it can be to the color development of ink-jet ink Large effect is generated, green of turning blue generates large effect to version to production toning.Therefore, this project is by being added calcining Kaolinic mode come improve formula in aluminium oxide content.Test result show calcined kaolin additional amount 10%~ When 15%, the properties such as chromophoric characteristic, melting temperature of ground coat enamel are optimal.
In addition, improving the barium carbonate and zinc oxide equal size in ground coat enamel formula.Zinc oxide (ZnO) is fluxing agent, fluxing Significant effect helps color development, the especially red color development of benefit, and furthermore zinc oxide can also reduce the glaze coefficient of expansion, prevent from cracking, and increase glaze Surface elastic widens glaze firing range, but since it is expensive, 5~8% are generally added in formula, help color effect compared with It is good.
Barium carbonate (BaCO3) it is also a kind of hard flux, fluxing range is wide, is conducive to the color development of ink-jet ink, but be added After amount is added to certain value, so that glaze is become infusibility instead, cause glaze anti-fouling effect poor.This project is found by a large number of experiments, is led to It crosses the barium carbonate of addition 13~17%, improve the chromophoric characteristic of ground coat enamel, while having widened the firing range of glaze.
In addition, in order to enhance the covering power of glaze, joined the opaque effect of zirconium silicate enhancing ground coat enamel in ground coat enamel formula, but Since zirconium silicate has radioactivity, the fewer be added the better.This project is research shows that effect covers preferably when being added 8~10%.
The melting temperature of ground coat enamel is improved using potassium feldspar.Potassium feldspar (K2O·Al2O3·6SiO2), alkali metal and alkaline earth gold The aluminosilicate of category, one of the most common type feldspar in main molten agent feldspar race.Potassium feldspar fusing point about starts at 1130~1450 DEG C point Solution melting, viscosity are larger.Due to potash feldspar ore usually association albite, therefore more or less ingredient containing sodium in potassium feldspar.Na2O is helped Molten effect is better than K2O, due to its superpower fluxing effect, the glaze transparency burnt out preferably, is easy to keep green body background color saturating It spills, influences glaze colour stable.Secondly as its firing range is relatively narrow, it is unfavorable for the stabilization of production.In addition, Na2O is also The thermal expansion coefficient that will increase glaze reduces the chemical stability and thermal stability of glaze.This project technical staff passes through a large number of experiments, For potassium feldspar additional amount at 35%~40%, glaze properties are optimal.
In addition, due in this formula composition the poor materials additional amount such as potassium feldspar, calcined kaolin it is more, glaze slip it is outstanding Buoyancy is poor.Furthermore the excessive generation that will also result in glaze slip deposited phenomenon of moisture content in glaze slip, so as to cause glaze slurry formula group At uneven, the melting of overglaze and the uniformity of microstructure are influenced.The present invention is studies have shown that the height for passing through addition 7~10% Ridge soil, can effectively improve glaze slip suspension, guarantee the stability of glaze slip ingredient, keep the quality of production more stable.Kaolin (Al2O3· 2SiO2·2H2O the suspension that) can increase glaze slip makes glaze formula composition uniformly, guarantees the melting uniformity of glaze.
It in the above formula of the invention, is stood on ground coat enamel to enable dry granular to glue, reaches the sandstone of granite face Particle handle effect, it is desirable that ground coat enamel melting temperature with higher.This project by improve ground coat enamel formula in alumina content, To improve the melting temperature of ground coat enamel.In addition, aluminium oxide (Al2O3) as the intermediate for forming network, increase Al in glaze2O3's The physical properties such as the hardness, corrosion resistance and chemical stability of overglaze can be improved in content.In general, the Al in glaze formula2O3Be with The forms such as potassium feldspar, albite, kaolin, industrial alumina powder introduce.But the Al in potassium, albite2O3Content is usual It is relatively low.So potassium sodium etc. can be significantly improved instead if improving the content of aluminium oxide by way of introducing potassium, albite The content of alkali metal.The melting temperature that this will lead to ground coat enamel formula is too low, so that high temperature dumb light dry granular is fallen into glaze layer, causes to produce Product glaze is excessively smooth, loses the sandstone particle feel of granite face.And introduced by alumina powder, then it can be to ink-jet The color development of ink generates large effect, and green of turning blue generates large effect to version to production toning.Therefore, this project is logical The mode of addition calcined kaolin is crossed to improve the content of aluminium oxide in formula.Test result shows calcined kaolin additional amount At 10%~15%, the properties such as chromophoric characteristic, melting temperature of ground coat enamel are optimal.
In addition, improving the barium carbonate and zinc oxide equal size in ground coat enamel formula.Zinc oxide (ZnO) is fluxing agent, fluxing Significant effect helps color development, the especially red color development of benefit, and furthermore zinc oxide can also reduce the glaze coefficient of expansion, prevent from cracking, and increase glaze Surface elastic widens glaze firing range, but since it is expensive, 5~8% are generally added in formula, help color effect compared with It is good.
Barium carbonate is also a kind of hard flux, and fluxing range is wide, is conducive to the color development of ink-jet ink, but additional amount is added to one After definite value, so that glaze is become infusibility instead, causes glaze anti-fouling effect poor.This project is found by a large number of experiments, by being added 13 ~17% barium carbonate, the chromophoric characteristic for improving ground coat enamel, while having widened the firing range of glaze.
In addition, in order to enhance the covering power of glaze, joined the opaque effect of zirconium silicate enhancing ground coat enamel in ground coat enamel formula, but Since zirconium silicate has radioactivity, the fewer be added the better.The present invention is research shows that effect covers preferably when being added 8~10%.
The melting temperature of ground coat enamel is improved using potassium feldspar.Potassium feldspar (K2O·Al2O3·6SiO2), alkali metal and alkaline earth gold The aluminosilicate of category, one of the most common type feldspar in main molten agent feldspar race.Potassium feldspar fusing point about starts at 1130~1450 DEG C point Solution melting, viscosity are larger.Due to potash feldspar ore usually association albite, therefore more or less ingredient containing sodium in potassium feldspar.Na2O is helped Molten effect is better than K2O, due to its superpower fluxing effect, the glaze transparency burnt out preferably, is easy to keep green body background color saturating It spills, influences glaze colour stable.Secondly as its firing range is relatively narrow, it is unfavorable for the stabilization of production.In addition, Na2O is also The thermal expansion coefficient that will increase glaze reduces the chemical stability and thermal stability of glaze.This project technical staff passes through a large number of experiments, For potassium feldspar additional amount at 35%~40%, glaze properties are optimal.
In addition, optimization of the present invention also further combined with glazing and molding die, due in granite ceramic tile production process It is middle to need using the mold green body for having certain textured pattern, and showing for glaze accumulation is be easy to cause using traditional glaze pouring As.Existing glaze spraying equipment is also difficult to meet production needs, will lead to glazing uneven (more both sides are few among adobe), brick face office Portion, which lacks situations such as glaze, the product space of a whole page production defect such as unstable, to be occurred.Now it are furnished with six using Italy Airqower production Spray gun is suitable for Slim Cover fast glaze spraying cabinet, and moulding pressure up to 10Mpa, keeps glaze slip atomizing effect more preferable greatly, in addition Spray gun swing arm mobile glaze spraying fully meet glaze spraying uniformly, glaze be completely covered and do not stay dead angle, effective solution green body spray Glaze unevenly waits productions problem.It is flat and smooth to produce product glaze, color development is stablized, and does not have the defects of two tone colour.
During spraying dry granular, since dry granular grain graininess is larger (10~120 mesh), using the gun slot of common glaze spraying Diameter is smaller, and dry granular can block spray head, cause dry granular spray it is uneven, productions problem is sprayed etc. without dry granular, directly affect product glaze Face feel.For this purpose, equipment workshop contacts spray gun producer, the new suitable heavy caliber spray gun for spraying dry granular is designed, hence it is evident that improve The condition of production.
By spraying dry granular using high-pressure spray gun, the feel of granite face sandstone particle is formed on brick face, is solved simultaneously The abrasion resistance and hardness for product glaze layer of having determined.
Currently, the design of ceramic tile is realized using plane mould, only few in the production process of building ceramic tiles The product design of amount uses male and female mold.But existing mould pattern texture is more stiff, and style granite ceramic tile is completely not Mutually suitable.In order to preferably show the solid layer feeling of granite ceramic tile, this project designs mold compacting with floral designs Green body so as to adobe formed concave-convex surface effect.Meanwhile the mold type of design is abundant, only needs to change on same press Mold can suppress the green body with different floral designs.
In the present invention, optimizing and revising for adaptability has also been carried out for firing process, granite ceramic tile is using primary High temperature firing technique is produced.Therefore, need to take into account the firing property of green body, ground coat enamel and dry granular in sintering process simultaneously. While guaranteeing that green body has suitable sintering strength, the pattern due to green body is also avoided, blank deformation is caused to increase The problems such as big, to obtain optimal product appearance decorative effect and service performance.Due to granite ceramic tile paver series adobe Thicker (15mm and 18mm) is also easy to produce the productions problems such as secondary deformation caused by evil mind, sintering not exclusively in sintering procedure.Needle To these problems, adjustment is optimized to the firing process system of granite ceramic tile in workshop:
(1) kiln roller stick revolving speed is reduced to reduce adobe conveying speed, and firing time is appropriately extended with this, and (firing period is 150~160 minutes).Meanwhile the temperature and oxidation reinforced atmosphere in proparea in kiln are improved, organic compound combustion does not fill in green body Dividing makes the volatile components such as organic matter combustion fully oxidized volatilization before entering kiln high-temperature region in green body, and adobe is avoided to generate evil mind The defects of.
(2) extend kiln high temperature area firing zone, make adobe sintering completely, avoid the defects of generating secondary deformation.
The tile product that the present embodiment is prepared has reached " Hua Gang from pattern texture, visual effect, texture, tactile The vivid effect of rock ".By optimization body preparation technique, ground coat enamel formula, glazing process, optimization firing process are improved, is developed High-grade granite texture tile product.
The present embodiment granite texture ceramic tile and preparation method thereof, digital-code laser mold is carved to form concave-convex surface line Reason, the optimization of body preparation technique, glaze, dry granular ceramic tile preparation process combine, and optimize the preparation process of ceramic tile, will swash Light engraving and dry granular assign showing by the Out wall tile and Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct on ceramic tile surface layer for ceramic tile, make granite obtained Tile product reaches the vivid effect of " granite " stone material from texture, pattern texture, visual effect, tactile.By with similar The prior art is compared, and the present embodiment at least has following technical effect that
(1) optimize body preparation technique, prepare with granite mutually fit green body
By scanning granite face Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct, using digital-code laser engraving technology, granite ceramic tile is designed in exploitation Moulding mould special, excessively natural, the concave-convex difference of the adobe Z-Correct bump mapping Z-correct suppressed using it reach 2mm, and stereoscopic effect is strong.
According to different granite face tones, to slurry is mixed colours to version, dusting prepares the color tablets of different colours, thus Make no matter the product burnt out from tone, the texture inside the textured pattern on surface or adobe all reaches granite building material Entire body effect.
The adjusting and optimizing molding thickness of granite ceramic tile, makes tile product thickness reach 18mm, reaches the thick and heavy of stone material Effect.
(2) the high temperature ground coat enamel of superpower color development is developed
By optimizing and revising the content of potassium feldspar and calcined kaolin in ground coat enamel formula, and barium carbonate, oxygen are introduced in right amount Change zinc etc. and help color development chemical industry material, successfully has developed the bottom surface glaze formula that color development is strong, melting temperature is high, antifouling, stable.
(3) a kind of dry granular of suitable granite production is developed
Develop a kind of high temperature bulky grain dumb light dry granular of suitable granite ceramic tile production.By adjusting the particle point of dry granular Cloth, the amount of spraying form the distinctive sandstone granular sensation of granite face using ultra-large aperture high-pressure spray gun spray on brick face.Simultaneously High rigidity dry granular sprays the abrasion resistance and hardness for also solving product glaze layer, improves the anti-pollution of product.
By body preparation technique, glaze formula optimization, glaze preparation method and firing process optimization, to form a set of optimization Quarry product production technology on brick face form granite using high-pressure spray gun spray by spraying high temperature dumb light dry granular The sandstone granular sensation on surface, while the abrasion resistance and hardness of product glaze layer is solved, improve the anti-pollution of tile product.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of granite texture ceramic tile, green body chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~70%, Al2O318~ 19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.3%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 1.5%, K2O 2.5~2.8%, Na2O 2.0~2.5%, It burns and loses < 4.5%；The weight percent of its ground coat enamel raw material matches are as follows: potassium feldspar 35%~40%, zirconium silicate 8%~10%, calcining are high Ridge soil 10%~15%, kaolin 7%~10%, zinc oxide 5%~8%, barium carbonate 13%~17%, surplus are additive； Its overglaze material is the high temperature dumb light dry granular that mesh number is 10~120.
2. granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, blank raw material weight percent proportion are as follows: the first porcelain sand 6% ~10%, second porcelain sand 3%~7%, third porcelain sand 4%~8%, the 4th porcelain sand 8%~12%, the first mountain flour 20%~ 24%, the second mountain flour 18%~22%, mud 6%~10%, the first clay 5%~9%, the second clay 9%~13%, fluxing agent 2.5%~3.5%, wherein
First porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO265~72%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
Second porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO270~75%, Al2O315~18%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Third porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~73%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
4th porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO260~65%, Al2O320~25%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~6%,
First mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 2~3%, it burns and loses 1~2%,
Second mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 3~4%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Argillization ingredient percent are as follows: SiO263~68%, Al2O319~24%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 6~8%,
First clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~70%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~8%,
Second clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~71%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~3%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 7~10%.
3. granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein
The chemical component mass percent of potassium feldspar are as follows: SiO270~72%, Al2O318~20%, Fe2O3< 0.2%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 3~5%, K2O 8~10%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
The chemical component mass percent of zirconium silicate are as follows: SiO232~34%, ZrO60~63%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.1%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
Calcined kaolin chemical component mass percent is SiO251~54%, Al2O345~47%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2 < 0.8%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 0.2%, Na2O < 0.1%,
Kaolinization ingredient percent is SiO254~56%, Al2O331~33%, Fe2O3< 0.5%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.1%, MgO < 0.8%, burning lose 9~11%.
4. granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the chemical component quality hundred of the high temperature dumb light dry granular Divide ratio are as follows: SiO261.2%, Al2O316.1%, Fe2O30.1%, TiO20.1%, CaO 12.5%, MgO 3.1%, K2O 1.4%, Na2O 5.2%, it burns and loses 0.3%.
5. granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the size distribution of the high temperature dumb light dry granular are as follows: 10~ 20 mesh 20%, 30~60 mesh 50%, 60~80 mesh 20%, 80~120 mesh 10%.
6. a kind of preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile, green body chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~70%, Al2O318~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.3%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 1.5%, K2O 2.5~2.8%, Na2O 2.0~2.5%, it burns and loses < 4.5%；The weight percent of its ground coat enamel raw material matches are as follows: and potassium feldspar 35%~40%, zirconium silicate 8%~ 10%, calcined kaolin 10%~15%, kaolin 7%~10%, zinc oxide 5%~8%, barium carbonate 13%~17%, it is remaining Amount is additive；Its overglaze material is the high temperature dumb light dry granular that mesh number is 10~120；Its firing temperature is 1210~1240 DEG C, Firing period is 150~160 minutes.
7. the preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, blank raw material weight percent proportion are as follows: the One porcelain sand 6%~10%, the second porcelain sand 3%~7%, third porcelain sand 4%~8%, the 4th porcelain sand 8%~12%, the first mountain flour 20%~24%, second mountain flour 18%~22%, mud 6%~10%, the first clay 5%~9%, the second clay 9%~13%, Fluxing agent 2.5%~3.5%, wherein
First porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO265~72%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
Second porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO270~75%, Al2O315~18%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Third porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO268~73%, Al2O317~19%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 4~5%,
4th porcelain sand chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO260~65%, Al2O320~25%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~6%,
First mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 3~4%, Na2O 2~3%, it burns and loses 1~2%,
Second mountain flour chemical component mass percent are as follows: SiO275~78%, Al2O312~15%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.2%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 3~4%, it burns and loses 2~3%,
Argillization ingredient percent are as follows: SiO263~68%, Al2O319~24%, Fe2O3< 1.0%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 2~3%, Na2O 0.5~1%, it burns and loses 6~8%,
First clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO265~70%, Al2O318~23%, Fe2O3< 1.5%, TiO2< 0.5%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~2%, Na2O 1~2%, it burns and loses 5~8%,
Second clay chemistry ingredient percent are as follows: SiO2 65~71%, Al2O3 18~23%, Fe2O3 < 1.5%, TiO2 < 0.5%, MgO < 0.5%, K2O 1~3%, Na2O 1~2%, burns and loses 7~10% CaO < 0.5%.
8. the preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein
The chemical component mass percent of potassium feldspar are as follows: SiO270~72%, Al2O318~20%, Fe2O3< 0.2%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.5%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 3~5%, K2O 8~10%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
The chemical component mass percent of zirconium silicate are as follows: SiO232~34%, ZrO60~63%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2< 0.1%, it burns and loses < 0.5%,
Calcined kaolin chemical component mass percent is SiO251~54%, Al2O345~47%, Fe2O3< 0.1%, TiO2 < 0.8%, CaO < 0.2%, MgO < 0.1%, K2O < 0.2%, Na2O < 0.1%,
Kaolinization ingredient percent is SiO254~56%, Al2O331~33%, Fe2O3< 0.5%, TiO2< 0.1%, CaO < 0.1%, MgO < 0.8%, burning lose 9~11%.
9. the preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the chemistry of the high temperature dumb light dry granular Ingredient percent are as follows: SiO261.2%, Al2O316.1%, Fe2O30.1%, TiO20.1%, CaO 12.5%, MgO 3.1%, K2O 1.4%, Na2O 5.2%, it burns and loses 0.3%.
10. the preparation method of granite texture ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the granularity of the high temperature dumb light dry granular Distribution are as follows: 10~20 mesh 20%, 30~60 mesh 50%, 60~80 mesh 20%, 80~120 mesh 10%.
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Application publication date: 20190621